Wind measurement sensor layout method for large-aperture radio telescope field station site
By combining historical meteorological data and numerical simulation results, the layout of wind measurement sensors is optimized, and the problem of wind measurement sensor layout in complex mountainous terrain environments is solved, achieving efficient and scientific information acquisition of wind field characteristics and wind resistance research.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411892729.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
In the environment with complex mountainous terrain, it is difficult to effectively arrange wind measuring sensors to obtain accurate wind field characteristics information, and the sensor layout is high, making it difficult to install and maintain.
By using the historical meteorological data of the target area and the numerical simulation results of the wind field, the number and location of the wind measurement sensors are optimized, and combined with the layout requirements of the wind speed and wind direction sensors and the construction planning of the target area, the actual layout location of the sensor is determined to meet the needs of wind environment observation and wind resistance research.
The accuracy and scientificity of obtaining wind field characteristics information in the target area with a small amount of wind measurement sensors is achieved, reducing the number of sensors and layout costs, and improving the reliability and scientificity of the layout.
Smart Images
Figure CN119830558A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind sensor layout, in particular to a wind sensor layout method for a large-aperture radio telescope field site. Background Art
[0002] Radio telescope antennas serve in the field environment, and their observation performance is inevitably affected by wind disturbance at the site. The larger the antenna aperture, the more sensitive it is to wind disturbance. Most of the excellent radio telescope sites are located in mountainous areas, although areas with relatively low wind speeds have been selected when selecting sites. However, for mountainous terrain, due to the complexity and diversity of the terrain, the near-surface wind is affected by mountains, river valleys, basins and other terrains, and the flow trajectory and speed are variable, which increases the complexity of the wind field characteristics at the site. The measured wind speed and direction data are the first-hand information for studying the wind field characteristics of the site, and are essential for accurately obtaining information on the wind field characteristics of the site. Generally, the layout of wind speed and direction sensors needs to meet certain requirements, such as wide field of view, flat terrain, and no obstacles nearby. However, for mountainous terrain, there are relatively few areas where wind speed and direction sensors can be placed, and the range of data collected by the sensors to characterize the regional wind field characteristics decreases with the increasing complexity of the terrain, and the location of the wind speed and direction sensors selected in a specific target area may not fully meet the requirements. In order to fully understand the wind field characteristics of mountainous terrain, it is necessary to deploy a large number of wind speed and direction sensors. In addition, mountainous areas have inconvenient transportation, high costs for transporting materials and equipment, large labor costs, and high costs for the installation and subsequent maintenance of wind observation equipment.
[0003] Therefore, a wind sensor layout method is needed that can collect wind field characteristic information in the target area and conduct different wind resistance studies with a small number of wind speed and direction sensors. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the layout of wind sensors for large-aperture radio telescope field sites. The method is guided by the wind environment measurement requirements and wind resistance research requirements of the target area, and uses the historical meteorological data of the target area and the wind field data simulation results to quantitatively analyze and provide the basis for sensor location selection, and then determines the actual sensor layout location based on the wind speed and wind direction sensor layout requirements and the target area construction plan. Compared with the traditional empirical layout method, this technical solution optimizes the number of wind sensors, making the layout of wind sensors in the target area more accurate and scientific.
[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a method for arranging wind measurement sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site, comprising:
[0007] Based on the wind environment observation needs and wind resistance research needs in the target area, determine the overall wind observation needs in the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site;
[0008] Based on the historical meteorological data of the target area and the numerical simulation results of the wind field in the target area, the number and location of wind speed and direction sensors in the target area are preliminarily determined;
[0009] According to the requirements for the location of wind speed and direction sensors and the construction plan of the target area, the location of wind speed and direction sensors is confirmed on the spot, avoiding the locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas, and obtaining the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors;
[0010] Determine whether the actual deployment locations of wind speed and direction sensors all meet the overall wind observation requirements. If not, re-determine the wind speed and direction sensor locations that do not meet the overall wind observation requirements; until the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors meet the overall wind observation requirements.
[0011] As a priority, based on the wind environment observation needs and wind resistance research needs of the target area, the overall wind observation needs of the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site are determined, including:
[0012] According to the wind environment observation requirements of the target area, it is determined that the wind from all directions in the target area can be observed by the wind speed and direction sensors;
[0013] According to the needs of wind resistance research, the wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area;
[0014] The wind speed and direction sensor at a certain location is set to take into account multiple wind observation requirements.
[0015] Preferably, according to the wind environment observation requirements of the target area, it is determined that the wind from all directions of the target area can be observed by the wind speed and direction sensor, including:
[0016] The terrain elevation data of the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site where the wind sensor layout is to be designed and the extended area with close spatial correlation with the target area are given, and the three-dimensional terrain of the target area and the extended area is reconstructed;
[0017] According to the terrain undulation, the topographical shape of the target area is determined, and the minimum number of wind speed and direction sensors and the initial layout positions that can measure wind from all directions in the target area are given.
[0018] As a preferred method, a wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area, including:
[0019] According to the terrain of the target area, a wind field simulation model is constructed and the wind resistance research function is optimized. Wind speed and direction sensors are arranged on two intersecting lines, and the minimum internal angle of the two intersecting lines is greater than 22.5°; at least 3 wind speed and direction sensors are arranged on each line; one of the lines is located in the target wind direction;
[0020] Find a reference point in a relatively flat location in the target area to deploy wind speed and direction sensors.
[0021] As a preferred method, a wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area, including:
[0022] Carry out wind forecast and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least two wind speed and direction sensors in the target wind direction;
[0023] 1 wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object;
[0024] A wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind side, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object;
[0025] The horizontal distance between the two wind speed and direction sensors is greater than the product of the predicted wind speed and the predicted time.
[0026] As a preferred method, a wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area, including:
[0027] Carry out wind field control and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least two wind speed and direction sensors in the target wind direction;
[0028] A wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information after the wind field near the target object is regulated;
[0029] One wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind port, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object.
[0030] As a preferred method, a wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area, including:
[0031] Carry out wind field reconstruction and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least 4 wind speed and direction sensors around the target object;
[0032] 1 wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object;
[0033] The remaining wind speed and direction sensors are located in the far area of the target object and are arranged in triangle, quadrilateral and other arrays.
[0034] Preferably, the target wind direction includes: the prevailing wind direction throughout the year, the wind direction with relatively high wind speed, and the wind direction that is unfavorable to the target area.
[0035] Preferably, the number and location of wind speed and direction sensors to be deployed in the target area are preliminarily determined based on historical meteorological data of the target area and numerical simulation results of the wind field in the target area, including:
[0036] Import the terrain data of the target area into the numerical simulation pre-processing model to construct a wind field simulation model of the target area, and perform numerical simulation of the wind field to obtain the wind speed and direction distribution profile of the target area;
[0037] Based on the historical wind speed and wind direction data, a wind rose diagram of the target area is produced to obtain the distribution frequency of wind speed and wind direction in the target area, as well as the prevailing wind direction in the target area, the wind direction with relatively high wind speed, and the wind direction that is unfavorable to the target area;
[0038] The target wind direction for wind resistance research is determined based on the wind field characteristic information of the target area, and the number of wind speed and direction sensors required for wind environment measurement and wind resistance research in the target area and the area where they can be deployed are further determined in combination with the numerical simulation results.
[0039] As a preferred method, avoiding the non-deployable positions and unstable areas of wind speed and direction sensors, and obtaining the actual deployment positions of all wind speed and direction sensors, includes:
[0040] The deployment site has a wide view, flat terrain, and no obstacles nearby;
[0041] If there are obstacles near the deployment site, the horizontal distance from the obstacles should be greater than 3 times the height of the obstacles;
[0042] If the obstacle avoidance requirements cannot be met, multiple wind speed and direction sensors are deployed to ensure that the wind information blowing toward the target area can be measured in 360° directions;
[0043] Wind speed and direction sensors should be placed at the upwind side of the target area where there is relatively more wind;
[0044] When determining the actual location, clarify the existing buildings in the target area and the future planning of the target area, and avoid locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas;
[0045] Integrate the wind observation functions of each wind speed and direction sensor and optimize the number of wind speed and direction sensors.
[0046] In addition to meeting the needs of daily wind environment monitoring, the deployment of wind measurement sensors at large-aperture radio telescope field sites should also have other wind resistance research functions to improve the robustness of the comprehensive performance of radio telescopes and the stable observation time in complex wind disturbance environments.
[0047] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0048] 1. The method of the present invention first determines the number and positions of wind speed and direction sensors required for a single wind observation function, and then comprehensively considers the overall wind observation needs, integrates the positions of wind speed and direction sensors that can take into account multiple wind observation functions, thereby optimizing the number of wind speed and direction sensors.
[0049] 2. The method of the present invention optimizes the number and position of wind measuring sensors through historical meteorological data of the target area and numerical simulation results, so that the wind measurement function is more targeted and the determination of the position of each wind speed and direction sensor is more accurate and scientific; the actual position of each wind speed and direction sensor is determined one by one through the wind speed and direction sensor position layout requirements and the target area construction plan, making the overall design scheme more reliable.
[0050] 3. The technical indicators given by the traditional wind sensor layout method are relatively broad and highly dependent on experience. The method of the present invention provides a number of specific technical indicators and parameter setting bases for the wind environment observation needs and wind resistance research needs in the target area, which is more instructive for technical personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0051] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the design process of wind sensor layout;
[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout design of wind sensors in a certain target area terrain;
[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation process;
[0055] Figure 4 It is the wind rose diagram of a target area;
[0056] Figure 5 It is a cloud map of wind speed distribution of a target area numerically simulated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0057] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site, especially for the complex terrain conditions where the target area is located in a mountainous area. Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation steps are as follows:
[0059] Step S101: Based on the wind environment observation requirements and wind resistance research requirements of the target area, determine the overall wind observation requirements of the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site.
[0060] Step S11: according to the wind environment observation requirements of the target area, it is determined that the incoming winds in all directions (360°) of the target area can be observed by the wind speed and direction sensors.
[0061] Step S111: providing a target area of a large-aperture radio telescope field site where a wind sensor layout is to be designed, and providing terrain elevation data of the target area and an extended area that is closely spatially correlated with the target area, and reconstructing the three-dimensional terrain of the target area and the extended area.
[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the target area of a large-aperture radio telescope field site where a wind sensor layout is to be designed. The solid-line frame is the target area, which is located in a rectangular basin. The area outside the solid-line frame is the extended area with a close spatial correlation with the target area, that is, the relatively high mountain ridge at the edge of the basin.
[0063] Step S112: According to the terrain undulation, the topographical features of the target area are clarified, and then the minimum number of wind speed and direction sensors and their initial deployment positions that can measure wind from all directions in the target area are given.
[0064] The topographic and geomorphic features of the target area should be clarified, including the topographic and geomorphic features of the target area at the medium geomorphic level (spatial units occupy tens to hundreds of square kilometers), small geomorphic level (spatial units occupy several square kilometers to tens of square kilometers), and micro-geomorphic level (spatial units occupy several square centimeters to several square kilometers).
[0065] by Figure 2 Take the terrain as an example. At the medium level, the target area is located in a basin, and the target area is located in the middle of the basin. At the small level, the target area has several hills running from north to south and a river valley running from northwest to southeast, and there are low mountain ridges on both sides of the target area. Figure 2 The wind field information of the target area shown requires the deployment of a wind speed and direction sensor at each of the east, west, south and north boundaries, a wind speed and direction sensor in the river valley, and a wind speed and direction sensor in a relatively flat position at the bottom of the basin.
[0066] Step S12: According to the needs of wind resistance research, the wind resistance research function includes but is not limited to building and optimizing a wind field simulation model for the terrain of the target area, and conducting wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction for an object in the target area.
[0067] Step S121: To build a wind field simulation model and optimize wind resistance research functions for the target area terrain, it is necessary to arrange wind speed and direction sensors on two intersecting lines, one of which is located in the target wind direction. The minimum internal angle of the two intersecting lines is greater than 22.5°.
[0068] At least three wind speed and direction sensors are deployed on each line. Due to the undulating terrain, the sensor locations cannot be completely located on a straight line. The vertical and horizontal distances between the current proposed wind speed and direction sensor locations and the line where they are located cannot be greater than the horizontal distances between the adjacent wind speed and direction sensors on the same line.
[0069] Step S122: To construct a wind field simulation model and optimize wind resistance research functions based on the terrain of the target area, it is necessary to find a reference point in a relatively flat position in the target area to deploy wind speed and direction sensors.
[0070] The larger the flat area, the better the reference position. Place a reference wind speed and direction sensor in the center of a relatively flat area.
[0071] Step S123: To carry out wind prediction and wind resistance research for an object in the target area, at least two wind speed and direction sensors need to be deployed in the target wind direction.
[0072] One wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object.
[0073] One wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind port, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object.
[0074] The horizontal distance between the two wind speed and direction sensors should be greater than the product of the predicted wind speed and the predicted time. For example, if the wind speed is predicted to be less than 10m / s and the prediction time is 60 seconds in advance, the horizontal distance between the two wind speed and direction sensors should be greater than 600 meters.
[0075] Step S124: To carry out wind field control and wind resistance research for a certain object in the target area, at least two wind speed and direction sensors need to be deployed in the target wind direction.
[0076] One wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information of the target object after the wind field is regulated.
[0077] One wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind port, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object.
[0078] The horizontal distance between the two wind speed and direction sensors is set according to the position and performance of the control device.
[0079] The target wind direction includes but is not limited to the prevailing wind direction throughout the year, the wind direction with relatively high wind speed, the wind direction that is unfavorable to the target area, etc.
[0080] Step S125: To carry out wind field reconstruction and wind resistance research on an object in the target area, at least four wind speed and direction sensors need to be deployed around the target object.
[0081] One wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object.
[0082] The remaining wind speed and direction sensors are located in the far area of the target object and are arranged in triangle, quadrilateral and other arrays.
[0083] The horizontal distance between the far-zone wind speed and direction sensor and the near-zone wind speed and direction sensor of the target object is set according to the properties of the target object itself and the characteristics of the terrain in which it is located.
[0084] Step S13: Wind speed and direction sensor: If conditions permit, a wind speed and direction sensor at a certain location can take into account multiple wind observation requirements.
[0085] Step S102: Based on the historical meteorological data of the target area and the numerical simulation results of the wind field in the target area, the number and positions of wind speed and direction sensors to be deployed in the target area are preliminarily given.
[0086] Step S21: importing the terrain data of the target area into the numerical simulation pre-processing model to construct a wind field simulation model of the target area, and performing a wind field numerical simulation.
[0087] The numerical simulation process is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it includes: constructing simulation model and computational domain, dividing computational grid, establishing control equation, determining initial conditions and boundary conditions, establishing discrete equation, discrete initial conditions and boundary conditions, giving control parameters for solution, solving discrete equation, judging whether the solution converges, outputting results and other steps.
[0088] The relevant parameter settings of numerical simulation are related to the topography type of the target area. You can find the relevant standard parameters for setting. The numerical simulation results will show the distribution profile of wind speed and direction in the target area.
[0089] Step S22: Create a wind rose diagram (e.g. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the distribution frequency of wind speed and direction in the target area can be obtained, and then the wind field characteristic information such as the prevailing wind direction, the wind direction with relatively large wind speed, and the wind direction that is unfavorable to the target area can be obtained.
[0090] Step S23: Determine the target wind direction for wind resistance research based on the wind field characteristic information of the target area, and further determine the number of wind speed and direction sensors required for wind environment observation and wind resistance research in the target area and the area where they can be deployed in combination with the numerical simulation results.
[0091] by Figure 2 Taking the terrain as an example, the wind in the target area is mainly in the north-south direction, and the wind in the east-west direction is relatively rare. The direction with high wind frequency is mainly located in the mountain gap outside the basin. Therefore, the target wind direction of the target area is the north-south direction, and the layout of wind speed and direction sensors is mostly arranged along the north-south wind direction. A wind speed and direction sensor is arranged in the east-west direction near the boundary of the target area, and there is a gap in the ridge on the west boundary of the target area, and the wind speed and direction sensor is arranged at the mountain gap.
[0092] Step S103: Based on the requirements for the deployment of wind speed and direction sensors and the construction plan of the target area, avoid the locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas, and obtain the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors.
[0093] Step S31: The requirements for the location of the wind speed and direction sensors include: (1) The location should have a wide field of view, flat terrain, and no nearby obstacles. (2) If there are obstacles near the location, the horizontal distance from the obstacle should be greater than three times the height of the obstacle. If the obstacle avoidance requirements cannot be met, multiple wind speed and direction sensors can be deployed to ensure that wind information blowing toward the target area can be measured in 360° directions. (3) Wind speed and direction sensors should be deployed at the upwind outlet where the wind from the target area is relatively strong.
[0094] Step S32: When determining the actual location, clarify the location information of existing buildings, roads, gardens, farmlands, pastures, etc. in the target area and the future planning of the target area, and avoid locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas.
[0095] Step S33: Mark the wind speed and direction sensor positions that do not meet the conditions. Integrate the wind observation functions that each wind speed and direction sensor can take into account and optimize the number of wind speed and direction sensors.
[0096] Step S104: Determine whether the actual deployment positions of the wind speed and direction sensors all meet the overall wind observation requirements. If not, re-determine the wind speed and direction sensor positions that do not meet the overall wind observation requirements; until the actual deployment positions of all wind speed and direction sensors meet the overall wind observation requirements.
[0097] In the first round of circulation, the actual layout positions of wind speed and direction sensors may not meet the overall wind observation requirements, so iterative optimization is performed. The positions of wind speed and direction sensors that do not meet the conditions are optimized based on historical meteorological data and numerical simulation results. Iterative optimization is performed until all wind observation requirements are met, and the iteration is terminated to give the optimized layout of wind speed and direction sensors.
[0098] Depend on Figure 2 The F1 point in the figure illustrates the iterative optimization process. Both F1' and F1 are located upwind from the west. The mountain ridge at F1' is higher than that at F1, making it more suitable for the deployment of wind speed and direction sensors. However, there will be construction planning at F1' in the future, which may lead to instability. From the numerical simulation of the wind speed distribution cloud map ( Figure 5 ), the wind speed distribution difference between the two locations is very small, and both can effectively represent the wind field characteristics of the area. Therefore, the actual deployment point is optimized from F1' to the area where F1 is located, and the downward cycle continues to determine the actual deployment location of F1 according to the deployment requirements of the wind speed and direction sensor locations and the construction plan of the target area.
[0099] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, technicians in this field can make some substitutions and deformations to some technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site, characterized in that: include: Based on the wind environment observation needs and wind resistance research needs in the target area, determine the overall wind observation needs in the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site; Based on the historical meteorological data of the target area and the numerical simulation results of the wind field in the target area, the number and location of wind speed and direction sensors in the target area are preliminarily determined; According to the requirements for the location of wind speed and direction sensors and the construction plan of the target area, the location of wind speed and direction sensors is confirmed on the spot, avoiding the locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas, and obtaining the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors; Determine whether the actual deployment locations of wind speed and direction sensors all meet the overall wind observation requirements. If not, re-determine the wind speed and direction sensor locations that do not meet the overall wind observation requirements; until the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors meet the overall wind observation requirements.
2. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the wind environment observation needs and wind resistance research needs in the target area, the overall wind observation needs of the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site are determined, including: According to the wind environment observation requirements of the target area, it is determined that the wind from all directions in the target area can be observed by the wind speed and direction sensors; According to the needs of wind resistance research, the wind field simulation model is constructed and optimized for the terrain of the target area, and wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction are carried out for a certain object in the target area; The wind speed and direction sensor at a certain location is set to take into account multiple wind observation requirements.
3. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the wind environment observation requirements of the target area, it is determined that the wind from all directions in the target area can be observed by the wind speed and direction sensors, including: The terrain elevation data of the target area of the large-aperture radio telescope field site where the wind sensor layout is to be designed and the extended area with close spatial correlation with the target area are given, and the three-dimensional terrain of the target area and the extended area is reconstructed; According to the terrain undulation, the topographical shape of the target area is determined, and the minimum number of wind speed and direction sensors and the initial layout positions that can measure wind from all directions in the target area are given.
4. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 2, characterized in that: Construct and optimize the wind field simulation model for the target area terrain, and carry out wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction for a certain object in the target area, including: According to the terrain of the target area, a wind field simulation model is constructed and the wind resistance research function is optimized. Wind speed and direction sensors are arranged on two intersecting lines, and the minimum internal angle of the two intersecting lines is greater than 22.5°; at least 3 wind speed and direction sensors are arranged on each line; one of the lines is located in the target wind direction; Find a reference point in a relatively flat location in the target area to deploy wind speed and direction sensors.
5. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 2, characterized in that: Construct and optimize the wind field simulation model for the target area terrain, and carry out wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction for a certain object in the target area, including: Carry out wind forecast and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least two wind speed and direction sensors in the target wind direction; 1 wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object; A wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind side, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object; The horizontal distance between the two wind speed and direction sensors is greater than the product of the predicted wind speed and the predicted time.
6. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 2, characterized in that: Construct and optimize the wind field simulation model for the target area terrain, and carry out wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction for a certain object in the target area, including: Carry out wind field control and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least two wind speed and direction sensors in the target wind direction; A wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information after the wind field near the target object is regulated; One wind speed and direction sensor is located in the far area of the target object and at the upwind port, and is used to observe the wind speed and direction information in the far area of the target object.
7. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 2, characterized in that: Construct and optimize the wind field simulation model for the target area terrain, and carry out wind prediction, wind field control, and wind field reconstruction for a certain object in the target area, including: Carry out wind field reconstruction and wind resistance research functions for a certain object in the target area, and deploy at least 4 wind speed and direction sensors around the target object; 1 wind speed and direction sensor is located near the target object, used to observe the wind speed and direction information near the target object; The remaining wind speed and direction sensors are located in the far area of the target object and are arranged in triangle, quadrilateral and other arrays.
8. A method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to any one of claims 4, 5, 6, and 7, characterized in that: Target wind directions include: prevailing wind directions throughout the year, wind directions with relatively high wind speeds, and wind directions that are unfavorable to the target area.
9. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the historical meteorological data of the target area and the numerical simulation results of the wind field in the target area, the number and location of wind speed and direction sensors in the target area are preliminarily determined, including: Import the terrain data of the target area into the numerical simulation pre-processing model to construct a wind field simulation model of the target area, and perform numerical simulation of the wind field to obtain the wind speed and direction distribution profile of the target area; Based on the historical wind speed and wind direction data, a wind rose diagram of the target area is produced to obtain the distribution frequency of wind speed and wind direction in the target area, as well as the prevailing wind direction in the target area, the wind direction with relatively high wind speed, and the wind direction that is unfavorable to the target area; The target wind direction for wind resistance research is determined based on the wind field characteristic information of the target area, and the number of wind speed and direction sensors required for wind environment observation and wind resistance research in the target area and the area where they can be deployed are further determined in combination with the numerical simulation results.
10. The method for arranging wind sensors for a large-aperture radio telescope field site according to claim 1, characterized in that: Avoid locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas, and obtain the actual deployment locations of all wind speed and direction sensors, including: The deployment site has a wide view, flat terrain, and no obstacles nearby; If there are obstacles near the deployment site, the horizontal distance from the obstacles should be greater than 3 times the height of the obstacles; If the obstacle avoidance requirements cannot be met, multiple wind speed and direction sensors are deployed to ensure that the wind information blowing toward the target area can be measured in 360° directions; Wind speed and direction sensors should be placed at the upwind side of the target area where there is relatively more wind; When determining the actual location, clarify the existing buildings in the target area and the future planning of the target area, and avoid locations where wind speed and direction sensors cannot be deployed and unstable areas; Integrate the wind observation functions of each wind speed and direction sensor and optimize the number of wind speed and direction sensors.