Ecological resource background condition evaluation method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological resource background condition evaluation method, which comprises the following steps of: constructing an ecological resource background evaluation index system, and selecting 25 secondary indexes from five aspects of quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern and management and protection according to the accessibility and representativeness of data to construct an ecological resource condition evaluation index system; basic data investigation: based on an ecological resource classification system, comprehensively investigating the area, the structure, the quality and the management condition of each type of ecological land within the evaluation time period, and obtaining evaluation basic data; evaluation index calculation: calculating various evaluation index values according to the evaluation system; and evaluating the background condition of the ecological resources, determining the weight of each evaluation index according to the index parameters, standardizing the evaluation indexes, and carrying out weighted summation on the standardized evaluation index values to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the condition of the ecological resources. According to the invention, comprehensive monitoring of ecological resource conditions is realized, and the accuracy of ecological condition assessment results is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to ecological resource assessment technology, and in particular to an ecological resource background status assessment method and device. Background Art

[0002] At present, carrying out special surveys on ecological resources, building ecological resource classification standards and an ecological resource assessment system, and comprehensively grasping the status and changing trends of ecological resources are of great practical significance and application value for analyzing and discovering problems in ecological protection and restoration, and supervising and urging relevant management departments to carry out practical and effective protection and restoration work. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for evaluating the basic status of ecological resources, which can construct an all-round ecological evaluation system from the perspectives of quantity, distribution, quality, structure, function, landscape pattern, health, management and protection of all elements of natural resources such as farmland, forests, grasslands, waters, wetlands, deserts, wild animals and plants, and towns, and can achieve a comprehensive evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources, greatly improving the accuracy of the evaluation results of the basic status of ecological resources.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources, comprising:

[0005] S1. Construct an ecological resource background evaluation index system. According to the availability and representativeness of data, select 25 secondary indicators from five aspects: quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, and management and protection to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system;

[0006] S2. Basic data survey: Based on the ecological resource classification system, a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land during the evaluation period is conducted to obtain basic evaluation data;

[0007] S3, calculation of evaluation indicators, calculating the values ​​of various evaluation indicators according to the evaluation system;

[0008] S4. Evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources: determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the indicator parameters, standardize the evaluation indicators, and take the weighted sum of the standardized evaluation indicator values ​​to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status.

[0009] Furthermore, step S1 includes selecting 25 indicators from five aspects to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system, specifically including: the proportion of ecological resource land, the total amount of water resources, the forest stock per unit area, the fresh grass yield per unit area, the proportion of good groundwater quality, the proportion of good surface water quality, water quality, vegetation coverage, soil organic matter content, the number of species included in the national key protected wild animal and plant list, drought index, soil pollution degree, land desertification degree, land salinization, habitat quality, soil erosion, connectivity, aggregation, water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation and carbon fixation indicators.

[0010] Furthermore, step S2 includes, based on the ecological resource classification system, dividing the current land use data into seven types of ecological resources: farmland, forest, grassland, water, wetland, desert, and town; collecting various data reflecting the status of ecological resources, such as comprehensive monitoring of forest, grassland and wetland, desertification census, biodiversity survey, and water resource survey and monitoring; collecting basic geographical data on topography, roads, geological disasters, climate, atmosphere, and soil; and administrative divisions, population, and economic and socio-economic data.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, the evaluation index calculation includes calculating various parameters of the ecological resource background status evaluation system according to the evaluation system.

[0012] Furthermore, the step S4 includes standardizing each indicator according to the indicator parameters, and determining the weight of each evaluation indicator using the entropy weight method.

[0013] Furthermore, the step S4 includes weighted summing up the values ​​of various evaluation indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource background status evaluation.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ecological resource background status assessment device, comprising:

[0015] Construct an ecological resource background evaluation index system module, which is used to select 25 secondary indicators from five aspects, namely quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, management and protection, to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system based on the availability and representativeness of data;

[0016] The basic data survey module is used to conduct a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land within the evaluation period based on the ecological resource classification system to obtain basic evaluation data;

[0017] Evaluation index calculation module, used to calculate the values ​​of various evaluation indexes according to the evaluation system;

[0018] The ecological resource background status evaluation module is used to determine the weight of each evaluation indicator according to the indicator parameters, standardize the evaluation indicators, and obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status by weighted summation of the standardized evaluation indicator values.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention can clearly obtain the good condition of ecological resources in the evaluation area, their location, area and their changes, thereby realizing comprehensive monitoring of ecological resource conditions and greatly improving the accuracy of ecological status assessment results.

[0021] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 , a method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. Construct an ecological resource baseline evaluation index system. Based on the availability and representativeness of data, 25 secondary indicators were selected from five aspects: quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, management and protection to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system.

[0027] S2. Basic data survey: Based on the ecological resource classification system, conduct a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land during the evaluation period to obtain basic evaluation data.

[0028] S3. Calculation of evaluation indicators. According to the evaluation system, calculate the values ​​of various evaluation indicators.

[0029] S4. Evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources. According to the indicator parameters, determine the weight of each evaluation indicator, standardize the evaluation indicators, and sum the standardized evaluation indicator values ​​to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status.

[0030] In step S1, 25 indicators are selected from 5 aspects to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system, including: ecological resource land proportion, total water resources, forest stock per unit area, fresh grass yield per unit area, proportion of groundwater with good water quality (reaching or better than Class III), proportion of surface water with good water quality (reaching or better than Class III), water quality (oxygen content), vegetation coverage (NDVI), soil organic matter content (SOC), number of species included in the national key protected wild animal and plant list, drought index, soil pollution degree, land desertification degree, land salinization, habitat quality, soil erosion, connectivity, aggregation, water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, carbon fixation and other indicators.

[0031] In step S2, based on the ecological resource classification system, the current land use data are divided into seven types of ecological resources: farmland, forest, grassland, water, wetland, desert, and town. Various data reflecting the status of ecological resources are collected, such as comprehensive monitoring of forests, grasslands and wetlands, desertification census, biodiversity survey, water resources survey and monitoring; basic geographic data such as topography, roads, geological disasters, climate, atmosphere, soil, etc. are collected; and socio-economic data such as administrative divisions, population, and economy are collected.

[0032] In step S3, various parameters of the ecological resource background status evaluation system are calculated, including:

[0033] Using the formula: Calculate the ecological resource land ratio index, where ρ is the ecological resource land ratio of the region; EL is the ecological resource area of ​​the region; LA is the land area of ​​the region. The index value is between 0 and 1. The larger the value of ρ, the greater the degree of ecological resource land use, and vice versa.

[0034] Using the water resources bulletin, we obtained the total water resources index for each administrative county, which includes groundwater and surface water.

[0035] Using the formula: The forest volume index per unit area was calculated, where Mi is the forest volume per unit area; S is the total forest area; DBH is the average breast diameter of trees; and D is the density of trees in the sample area.

[0036] Utilize formula: XCCL i =XB_XCCL i / S i Calculate the fresh grass yield index per unit area, where XCCL i is the fresh grass yield per unit area in the ith region, XB_XCCL i is the fresh grass yield of the i-th class, S i is the area of ​​the ith small class.

[0037] Utilize the formula: Water ≥Ⅲ类 =m / M×100% calculates the proportion index of excellent surface water quality (reaching or better than Class III), where Water≥Class III represents the proportion of excellent surface water quality, m is the number of nationally controlled surface water environmental quality monitoring sections with excellent surface water quality, and M is the total number of sections.

[0038] Using the formula: Calculate the groundwater quality index (reaching or better than Class III), where Water 地下水 ≥Class III indicates the proportion of surface water with excellent quality, Pi is the number of sampling points with excellent groundwater quality, and P is the total number of sampling points.

[0039] Spatial interpolation is used to interpolate the wetland monitoring sample data and calculate the wetland water quality (oxygen content) index.

[0040] The 30-meter resolution Normalized Difference Vision Index (NDVI) data is used to represent vegetation coverage in this method, characterizing the vegetation status in the area. The NDVI value ranges from [-1,1], where higher NDVI values ​​indicate higher vegetation coverage, while lower values ​​may indicate water bodies or areas without vegetation coverage.

[0041] The soil organic matter content index is calculated using arable land quality grade data.

[0042] The index of the number of species included in the national key protected wild animal and plant list is calculated using the results of wild animal and plant surveys in the region, the "National Key Protected Wild Animal List" and the "National Key Protected Wild Plant List".

[0043] The drought index is calculated using the formula: r = E0 / P, where r is the drought index; E0 is the annual potential evapotranspiration, in mm, and P is the annual precipitation, in mm. When r < 1.0, it means that the evaporation capacity of the region is less than the precipitation, and the region has a humid climate. When r > 1.0, that is, the evaporation capacity exceeds the precipitation, indicating that the region is dry. The larger the r, the more the evaporation capacity exceeds the precipitation, and the more severe the dryness. The data used mainly include: China's 1km resolution monthly precipitation dataset and China's 1km monthly potential evapotranspiration dataset.

[0044] The degree of soil heavy metal pollution is calculated using the soil heavy metal pollution degree. First, eight kinds of polluted metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, are extracted using the geochemical sample sampling point data. Then, the soil heavy metal pollution index is calculated through spatial interpolation and grid calculation. Finally, the pollution degree is graded using the natural break point method.

[0045] Utilize the formula: HMH i =AREA hmhi / LAi Calculate the land desertification index value, where HMH i is the desertification index in the ith region; AREA hmhi is the desertification area in the ith region; LA i is the land area in the ith region; then the land desertification index values ​​in the evaluation area are classified by the natural break point method to calculate the degree of land desertification.

[0046] Utilize formula: YZH i =AREA yzhi / LA i Calculate the land salinization index value, where YZH i is the salinization index in the ith area; AREA yzhi is the salinization area in the ith region; LA i is the land area in the ith region; then the land salinization index values ​​in the evaluation area are graded using the natural break point method to calculate the degree of land salinization.

[0047] Using the formula: The habitat quality index was calculated, where HQI is the habitat quality index; Abio is the normalization coefficient of the habitat quality index, with a reference value of 494.8122; SF is the forest index; SG is the grassland index; SW is the water wetland index; SC is the cultivated land index; SB is the construction land index; SU is the unused land index; and LA is the regional land area.

[0048] The soil and water conservation bulletin was used to obtain the soil and water loss area index for each administrative county.

[0049] Using the formula: Calculate the connectivity index, where PC is the connectivity index of important ecological space. Important ecological space refers to the area greater than 0.1km after the forest, grassland, water and swamp are combined. 2 Plaques; A PC is the normalized coefficient of the connectivity index of important ecological space, and the reference value is 103.70; n is the total number of important ecological space patches; a i is the area of ​​patch i; a j is the area of ​​patch j; LA is the regional land area; is the maximum value of the final connectivity of all paths between patch i and patch j, that is, the maximum value of all possible paths P between patches i and j. ij The maximum product probability; P ij is the direct diffusion probability between patches i and j; d ij is the minimum cost distance between patches i and j, which refers to the shortest distance here; k is a constant term, the average distance is 5 km, and the probability is set to 0.5.

[0050] Using the formula: Calculate the aggregation index, where AI is the aggregation index, AI∈(0,100], the smaller the value, the more discrete the landscape; g ij is the number of similar adjacent patches of the corresponding landscape type.

[0051] Using the formula: Calculate the water conservation index, where TQ is the total water conservation capacity, P is i is the rainfall, R i is the surface runoff, ET i is the evaporation rate, A i is the area of ​​ecosystem type i, i is the type of ecosystem type i in the study area, and j is the number of ecosystem types in the study area. RP, P is the average rainfall over many years, and α is the average surface runoff coefficient.

[0052] The soil conservation index was calculated using the formula: Ac Ap Ar RKL S1C, where Ac is the soil conservation amount; Ap is the potential soil erosion amount; Ar is the actual soil erosion amount; and R is the rainfall erosivity factor. k is the 25 half-months of a year, k = 1, 2, ..., 24; i is the year of the rainfall data used; j is the number of erosive rainfall days in the kth half-month of the i-th year; P i,j,k is the erosivity daily rainfall in the kth half month of the i-th year, α is a parameter, α=0.3937 in the warm season and α=0.3101 in the cold season; K is the soil erodibility factor, K=(-0.01383+0.51575K EPIC )×0.1317, KEPIC represents the soil erodibility factor before correction, m c 、m silt 、m s and orgC are the percentage contents (%) of clay particles (<0.002mm), silt particles (0.002mm~0.05mm), sand particles (0.05mm~2mm) and organic carbon respectively; L represents the slope length factor, S represents the slope factor; and C represents the vegetation cover factor.

[0053] Using the formula: SR = S L潜 -S L Calculate the windbreak and sand fixation index, where SR is the amount of sand fixation, S L潜 is the potential wind erosion, S 潜 =150.71(WF×EF×SCF×K') -0.3711 , Q MAX潜 =109.8[WF×EF×SCF×K']; S Lis the actual amount of wind erosion, S=150.71·(WF×EF×SCF×K'×C) -0.3711 , Q max =109.8[WF×EF×SCF×K'×C]; QMAX is the maximum transfer amount, Z is the maximum wind erosion distance; WF is the climate factor, Wf is the multi-year average wind factor for each month, ρ is the air density, g is the acceleration of gravity; SW is the multi-year average soil moisture factor for each month; SD is the snow cover factor; EF is the soil erodibility factor, sa is the soil coarse sand content; si is the soil silt content; cl is the soil clay content; OM is the soil organic matter content; Caco3 is the calcium carbonate content. SCF is the soil crust factor, SCF = 1 / (1+0.0066(cl 2 )+0.021(OM 2 )), cl is the soil clay content; OM is the soil organic matter content (%); C is the vegetation coverage factor, SC is the vegetation coverage, ai is the coefficient of different vegetation types, and the values ​​are: forest land 0.1535, grassland 0.1151, shrub 0.0921, bare land 0.0768, sandy land 0.0658, farmland 0.0438; K' is the surface roughness factor, Kr is the soil ridge roughness, calculated by the Smith-Carson equation; Crr is the random roughness factor, which is taken as 0; L is the terrain undulation parameter; ΔH is the elevation difference within the range of distance L.

[0054] Using the formula: C = C above +C below +C soil +C dead The carbon sequestration index was calculated, where C is the total carbon storage; Cabove is the aboveground carbon storage; Cbelow is the underground carbon storage; Csoil is the soil carbon storage; and Cdead is the organic carbon storage.

[0055] In step S4, each indicator is standardized according to the indicator parameters, and the weight of each evaluation indicator is determined using the entropy weight method. Specifically, it includes:

[0056] Using the formula: Each evaluation index is standardized, where x is the original data, x' is the deviation-standardized data, and its value range is [0,1]. max(x) and min(x) represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of x, respectively. When x' is expected to increase from 0 to 1 as x increases, the (positive standardization) calculation formula is used; when x' is expected to increase from 0 to 1.0 as x decreases, the (negative standardization) calculation formula is used.

[0057] Using the formula: Calculate the numerical weight Pij of the i-th item of the j-th indicator.

[0058] Using the formula: Calculate the entropy value of each indicator, where k>0; ej≥0.

[0059] Using the formula: d j =1-e j (j=1,2...,n) Calculate the coefficient of variation of each indicator.

[0060] Using the formula: Calculate the entropy weight of each indicator.

[0061] In step S4, the weighted sum of the values ​​of various evaluation indicators is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource background status evaluation. Specifically, it includes:

[0062] Using the formula: Calculate a composite score for ecological status.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1. Construct an ecological resource baseline evaluation index system. Based on the availability and representativeness of data, 25 secondary indicators were selected from five aspects: quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, management and protection to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system.

[0066] S2. Basic data survey: Based on the ecological resource classification system, conduct a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land during the evaluation period to obtain basic evaluation data.

[0067] S3. Calculation of evaluation indicators. According to the evaluation system, calculate the values ​​of various evaluation indicators.

[0068] S4. Evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources. According to the indicator parameters, determine the weight of each evaluation indicator, standardize the evaluation indicators, and sum the standardized evaluation indicator values ​​to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status.

[0069] In this embodiment, in step S1, 25 evaluation indicators are selected from 5 aspects, as shown in the following table.

[0070]

[0071] In this embodiment, in step S2, the basic data required for the calculation of the indicators in S1 is investigated and obtained, and the specific data sources are as follows:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In this embodiment, in step S3, various evaluation index values ​​are calculated according to the evaluation system.

[0075] S4. Evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources. According to the indicator parameters, determine the weight of each evaluation indicator, standardize the evaluation indicators, and obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status by weighted summation of the standardized evaluation indicator values. Obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the basic status of ecological resources by weighted summation of various evaluation indicator indexes.

[0076] Table 1 Classification criteria for ecological resource status evaluation results

[0077] Evaluation results very good good better generally Poor Evaluation score [90,100] [80,90] [70,80] [60,70] [0,60)

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources, characterized in that: include: S1. Construct an ecological resource background evaluation index system. According to the availability and representativeness of data, select 25 secondary indicators from five aspects: quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, and management and protection to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system; S2. Basic data survey: Based on the ecological resource classification system, a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land during the evaluation period is conducted to obtain basic evaluation data; S3, calculation of evaluation indicators, calculating the values ​​of various evaluation indicators according to the evaluation system; S4. Evaluation of the basic status of ecological resources: determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the indicator parameters, standardize the evaluation indicators, and take the weighted sum of the standardized evaluation indicator values ​​to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status.

2. The method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes selecting 25 indicators from five aspects to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system, specifically including: the proportion of ecological resource land, the total amount of water resources, the forest stock per unit area, the fresh grass yield per unit area, the proportion of good groundwater quality, the proportion of good surface water quality, water quality, vegetation coverage, soil organic matter content, the number of species included in the national key protected wild animal and plant list, drought index, soil pollution degree, land desertification degree, land salinization, habitat quality, soil erosion, connectivity, aggregation, water source conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation and carbon fixation indicators.

3. The method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 includes dividing the land use status data into seven types of ecological resources, namely farmland, forest, grassland, water, wetland, desert and town, based on the ecological resource classification system; collecting various data reflecting the status of ecological resources, such as comprehensive monitoring of forest, grassland and wetland, desertification census, biodiversity survey and water resource survey and monitoring; collecting basic geographical data on topography, roads, geological disasters, climate, atmosphere and soil; and administrative division, population, economic and socio-economic data.

4. The method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the evaluation index calculation includes calculating various parameters of the ecological resource background status evaluation system according to the evaluation system.

5. The method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 includes standardizing each indicator according to the indicator parameters and determining the weight of each evaluation indicator using the entropy weight method.

6. The method for evaluating the background status of ecological resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 includes weighting and summing the values ​​of various evaluation indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value for the background status of ecological resources.

7. An ecological resource background status evaluation device, characterized in that: include: Construct an ecological resource background evaluation index system module, which is used to select 25 secondary indicators from five aspects, namely quantity, quality, function, landscape pattern, management and protection, to construct an ecological resource status evaluation index system based on the availability and representativeness of data; The basic data survey module is used to conduct a comprehensive survey of the area, structure, quality, and management of various types of ecological land within the evaluation period based on the ecological resource classification system to obtain basic evaluation data; Evaluation index calculation module, used to calculate the values ​​of various evaluation indexes according to the evaluation system; The ecological resource background status evaluation module is used to determine the weight of each evaluation indicator according to the indicator parameters, standardize the evaluation indicators, and obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the ecological resource status by weighted summation of the standardized evaluation indicator values.

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