Comprehensive rod device integrating optical storage charging and discharging and municipal traffic facilities and micro-grid system

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive rod device integrating optical storage charging and discharging and municipal traffic facilities and a micro-grid system. The comprehensive rod device comprises a light storage charging and discharging facility, a municipal traffic facility and a rod body, and the municipal traffic facility is arranged on the rod body; the light storage charging and discharging facility comprises a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the rod body, an energy storage facility arranged in the inner space of the rod body and a charging and discharging device hung on the rod body in a wall mode. According to the comprehensive rod device, the space layout of all the modules is optimally designed, the occupied area and size are reduced to the maximum extent, and the urban space utilization rate and attractiveness are improved. The comprehensive rod type micro-grid system is provided with an energy management system which is controlled in a layered and time-phased mode, multiple power balance modes are divided, grid-connected / off-grid switching operation can be achieved, independent and continuous operation can still be achieved when a power grid is subjected to peak power limiting or power failure due to faults, electric vehicle charging and discharging and integration and unified management of municipal traffic facilities can be promoted, and the comprehensive rod type micro-grid system is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the energy scheduling and utilization efficiency is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of power supply and distribution technology, and relates to a microgrid system, and in particular to an integrated pole device and microgrid system integrating photovoltaic storage, charging and discharging, and municipal transportation facilities. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for the intensification and intelligence of municipal infrastructure is becoming increasingly urgent. As a new type of urban road supporting facilities, the integrated pole device integrates various functions such as traffic lights, road lighting, monitoring equipment, and information screens, and has initially solved the problem of fragmentation of public spaces caused by the proliferation of traditional poles.

[0003] However, the integrated pole device in the existing technology only realizes the physical integration and functional stacking of facilities, but does not build an energy interconnection system. Each module (such as lighting, signal lights, and charging piles) is independently connected to the public power grid, resulting in an extensive power supply mode and one-way energy flow. It is impossible to achieve the microgrid operation of "self-generation and self-use-surplus power sharing" through the coordination of photovoltaic storage and charging and discharging, lacking energy coordination and low energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, the existing integrated pole devices are completely dependent on the main grid for power supply. When the grid is experiencing peak power cuts or failures, important municipal loads (such as traffic lights) face the risk of power outages. They lack the ability to operate in an isolated island supported by energy storage and distributed power sources, have weak risk resistance, and are unable to ensure the reliability of the urban transportation system.

[0005] At the same time, the existing integrated pole devices lack the ability to perceive and dynamically optimize load demand, photovoltaic output, and electricity price signals in real time. They are unable to achieve “peak shaving and valley filling” and reduce energy costs through stratified or time-divided strategies, nor can they respond to the demand-side management requirements of urban power grids.

[0006] Finally, the pole surface, internal cavity and underground space of the existing integrated pole device are not fully utilized. For example, the pole surface is only used to hang equipment and is not covered with photovoltaic power generation film; no energy storage system or power electronic equipment is deployed in the internal space; charging piles or V2G facilities are not integrated in the pole, resulting in repeated occupation of land resources and waste of energy production potential. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides an integrated pole device and microgrid system that integrates photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities. It is intended to achieve the "three-dimensional intensive design and extreme utilization of spatial resources", "multi-energy complementary microgrid architecture", and "intelligent hierarchical control and dynamic optimization in different time periods" of the integrated pole device and the integrated pole-type microgrid system through the three-in-one innovation of "spatial reconstruction-energy interconnection-intelligent control", and upgrade the traditional integrated pole to an "energy interconnection system", and realize the leap of the power supply mode of municipal facilities from "single reliance on the power grid" to "local consumption-dynamic balance-wide area mutual assistance", providing a highly intensive, flexible and reliable infrastructure model for smart cities.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides an integrated pole-type microgrid system, the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system and a municipal transportation facility load, wherein the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body of an integrated pole device integrating photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with the municipal transportation facility; the photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the pole, an energy storage device built into the inner space of the pole body, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the pole body; based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the energy interaction mode between each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the public distribution network in different time periods, a hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is formed by fusion; the hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and judging the charge state of the energy storage device, and determining a suitable power balancing mode according to the above-mentioned surplus power and charge state; on the basis of determining the suitable power balancing mode, adjusting the operation strategy of each module in the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods, so as to form a power complementary mode suitable for different time periods.

[0009] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system further includes a distribution box, and the integrated pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box via an underground cable and is connected to a low-voltage public distribution network via a distribution switch.

[0010] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system also includes an energy management system; the photovoltaic storage and charging and discharging system is connected to the AC common bus with the municipal transportation facilities; the AC common bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to a low-voltage public distribution network through a grid-connected switch; the energy management system communicates data with the power grid dispatching center through a wireless signalizer.

[0011] In some implementations, the photovoltaic power generation film has a power generation area of S g Power generation P g for: ; in, L g , W g and H g Respectively represent the length, width and height of the photovoltaic power generation film, ρ g Indicates the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic film.

[0012] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a bottom-level control area, a middle-level control area, and a high-level control area, wherein the bottom-level control area is used for module control and instruction execution, the middle-level control area is used for data collection, data processing, and signal transmission, and the high-level control area is used for energy management and scheduling control.

[0013] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple power balancing modes, and the power balancing modes are determined according to the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the charge state of the energy storage device.

[0014] In some implementations, the surplus power δP for: ; Among them, the charging power of the energy storage device is P b,ch , the discharge power is P b,dis ; The charging power of the charger and discharger is P V2G,ch , the discharge power is P V2G,dis ; The load power of the municipal transportation facilities is P L , the power purchased by the public distribution network is P n，buy , the power for electricity sales is P n，sell , P g Indicates the power generation of the photovoltaic film.

[0015] In some implementations, when the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charging and discharging power of the charger and discharger is balanced, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is less than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, When the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network has external power balance, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power to the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode.

[0016] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, and the energy management strategies are determined according to the power balancing mode and distribution network load characteristics in different time periods.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application also provides an integrated pole device integrating photovoltaic storage, charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities, which is used in conjunction with the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application. The integrated pole device includes photovoltaic storage, charging and discharging facilities, municipal transportation facilities and a pole body, and the municipal transportation facilities are arranged on the pole body; the photovoltaic storage, charging and discharging facilities include a photovoltaic power generation film adhered to the outer surface of the pole, an energy storage facility built into the internal space of the pole body, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the pole body.

[0018] As described above, the embodiments of the present application provide an integrated pole device and microgrid system integrating photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities, which has the following beneficial effects: Based on the integration of multifunctional municipal transportation facilities, the embodiment of the present application integrates photovoltaic power generation film, energy storage device and charger and discharger into the integrated pole device, and connects the integrated pole device and the photovoltaic storage and charging system through the energy management system to form an integrated pole-type microgrid system integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, charging, municipal lighting, traffic monitoring and microgrid management. The power supply and operation of the system are not completely dependent on the public power grid, and can still operate independently and continuously even when the power grid is peak or faulty.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the spatial layout, volume and floor space of the integrated pole device can be further optimized by adopting photovoltaic power generation film and an intelligent lifting charger that can be conveniently mounted on the side. Thus, while integrating multiple types of functions, the surface area, internal space and spatial layout of the integrated pole body are fully utilized to maximize the reduction of the floor space and volume of the integrated pole device, thereby improving the utilization rate and aesthetics of urban space.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, standardized interfaces and communication protocols can be used to comprehensively design a hierarchically controlled energy management system, thereby constructing a comprehensive pole-type microgrid system with real-time information sharing and energy mutual assistance and interconnection.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, by designing a variety of microgrid system power balance modes that are adapted to different system surplus powers and grid-connected or off-grid operation, it is possible to achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation of isolated grids in emergency and fault scenarios. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present application, the power complementarity strategy of each module can be adjusted based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods, and a hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy that is adapted to different power balance modes and operation time periods can be established. The operation can be switched on / off-grid, maximizing the energy and power balance of the microgrid system, the complementary operation mechanism of each module, and the market benefits.

[0022] The integrated pole device and microgrid system integrating photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities provided in the embodiment of the present application is one of the core facilities and systems for building a smart urban energy and transportation Internet. It can promote the integration and unified management of electric vehicle charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities, deeply optimize urban space utilization and energy management, effectively reduce dependence on traditional power grids, significantly improve energy scheduling and utilization efficiency, and improve the intelligence, efficiency and environmental protection level of urban infrastructure. It has broad prospects for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of an integrated pole device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the energy interaction mode between each module of the microgrid system and the public distribution network determined based on different time periods in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 5 Shown is a flow chart of determining a power balancing mode and an energy management strategy in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and therefore the illustrations only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0032] The integrated pole device is an urban infrastructure device located on both sides of the road. However, most integrated pole devices usually simply integrate multiple types of facilities and functions, and are not further combined into independently operable microgrid systems. Their power supply and operation are completely dependent on the public power grid, and they cannot operate independently and continuously during peak power restrictions or power outages. In addition, although some integrated pole devices integrate small-power photovoltaic power generation devices, photovoltaic power generation depends on weather and time periods, and has obvious intermittent and uncertainties, and cannot fundamentally guarantee the continuous and uninterrupted operation of the integrated pole device. On the other hand, some integrated pole devices install electric vehicle charging piles in the internal space of the integrated pole device, or expand a part of the lower structure of the device into a charging pile. Although this saves the public floor space of the charging pile to a certain extent, it cannot further optimize and reduce the floor space and volume of the integrated pole device.

[0033] At least to address the above-mentioned problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an intensive integrated pole device that integrates photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities. Figure 1 The structure diagram of the integrated rod device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the integrated pole device includes a solar storage charging and discharging system, municipal transportation facilities and a pole body.

[0034] Municipal traffic facilities are arranged on the pole body, including municipal facilities and traffic facilities. For example, municipal facilities may include lighting devices, environmental monitors and / or wireless signal devices (such as 5G signal devices), etc., and traffic facilities may include traffic cameras, traffic lights, electronic displays and / or infrared thermal imagers, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0035] The photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the pole, an energy storage device built into the inner space of the pole, and a charger and discharger mounted on the pole. The charger and discharger is, for example, a convenient wall-mounted lightweight V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) charger and discharger.

[0036] In some implementations, the photovoltaic power generation film, energy storage device, and charger / discharger can be integrated inside and outside of a uniform rectangular pole. The photovoltaic power generation film is evenly attached to the outer surface of the pole. S d And volume V d As shown below: ; in, L d , W d andH d They represent the length, width and height of the integrated pole device respectively. In specific applications, the floor space and volume of the integrated pole device can be adjusted according to the scale and scene requirements.

[0037] In some scenarios, L d , W d and H d The value range is 0.3m≤ L d ≤0.4m, 0.25m≤ W d ≤0.35m, 4.5m≤ H d ≤5m, at this time, the area and volume of the integrated pole device are 0.075m 2 ≤ S d ≤0.14m 2 , 0.3375m 3 ≤ V d ≤0.7m 3 It can be seen from this that the floor space and volume of the integrated pole device in the embodiment of the present application are very compact, and the public area and space can be saved as much as possible.

[0038] In some implementations, the power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic film S g Power generation P g As shown below: ; in, L g , W g and H g Respectively represent the length, width and height of the photovoltaic film, ρ g Indicates the power generation capacity of photovoltaic thin film.

[0039] In some scenarios, ρ g The value range is 50~60 watts / m 2 The length, width and height of the photovoltaic power generation film are in the range of 0.25m≤ L g ≤0.35m, 0.2m≤ W g ≤0.3m, 3.0m≤H g ≤3.5m. At this time, the power generation area and power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation film are: 2.7m 2 ≤ S g ≤4.55m 2 , 135W ≤ P g ≤273 watts. Assuming that the average effective sunlight time in a certain area is 8 hours a day, the amount of electricity that can be generated by photovoltaic thin films is 1080 watt-hours to 2184 watt-hours per day.

[0040] In some scenarios, the energy storage device is built into the hollow area at the bottom of the pole body, and the capacity range is, for example, 40kW / 80kWh~60kW / 120kWh.

[0041] In some scenarios, the power of the charger and discharger is, for example, 7 kW.

[0042] It should be understood that the above parameters regarding the photovoltaic power generation film, energy storage device, and charger and discharger are only examples in some implementations of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. In other implementations, these parameters can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, an integrated pole-type microgrid system is also provided. The integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system and a municipal transportation facility load, wherein the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body of an integrated pole device integrating photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities. The photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the pole, an energy storage device built into the inner space of the pole body, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the pole body.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system may further include a distribution box. The integrated pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box through an underground cable and is connected to the low-voltage public distribution network through a distribution switch.

[0045] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system may also include an energy management system (EMS). The photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system is connected to a unified AC public bus with municipal transportation facilities. The AC public bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to a low-voltage public distribution network through a grid-connected switch. The energy management system communicates data with the grid dispatching center through a wireless signaler.

[0046] For example, an energy meter and a power quality monitor can be connected to the AC public bus. The energy meter can measure the power consumption on the AC public bus in real time and accurately, providing accurate data for energy management, facilitating cost accounting and energy-saving analysis. The power quality monitor can monitor parameters such as voltage, current, harmonics, and power factor in real time, and promptly detect power quality problems (such as voltage fluctuations, excessive harmonics, etc.) to ensure stable power supply quality.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, since the photovoltaic power generation film, energy storage device and charger and discharger in the integrated pole device can maintain the power demand and system power balance of municipal transportation facilities within a certain period of time, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application can operate in the grid-connected mode, and can also switch to the off-grid mode during the peak or fault period of the power grid.

[0048] Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic diagram of the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, in some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a bottom-level control area, a middle-level control area, and a high-level control area.

[0049] The bottom control area is the control and command execution layer of each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system. This layer uses a microgrid controller to control each photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system and load module to execute scheduling and control instructions. The power of each module in the system complements each other to achieve microgrid power optimization. The bottom control area receives the power signal of the middle control area and the scheduling instructions of the high-level control area, and uploads the historical operation data of each module to feedback the real-time status. The formulas of each core module in the bottom control area are as follows.

[0050] The photovoltaic power generation film sets two control modes, as shown in the following formula: ; in, t Indicates the time, P g,1 ( t )and P g,2 ( t ) respectively represent in t The output power of the first mode and the output power of the second mode at time, η g They represent the power generation efficiency coefficient in the first mode, G ( t ) is in t The real-time light intensity at the time, Δ T ( t ) is in t Temperature deviation at any time, α is the temperature correction factor.P n,sell,max ( t ) means in t The maximum power sold by the distribution network at the time, P b,dis ( t ) means in t The discharge power of the energy storage system at time t.

[0051] The energy storage system (ESS) charging and discharging control formula is as follows.

[0052] ; in, P b,sch ( t ) means in t High-level dispatch instructions for energy storage devices at all times, P b,ch,max ( t )and P b,dis,max ( t ) respectively represent in t The maximum charging power and maximum discharging power of the energy storage device at time t, SOC b ( t ) and SOC b ( t -1) respectively represent t Time and t-1 The state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage device at the moment, η b,ch and η b,dis Respectively represent the charging efficiency and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device, Δ t Indicates a certain period of time during which the energy storage device is charged and discharged. E b Indicates the rated capacity of the energy storage device.

[0053] The priority of the charging and discharging execution logic of the convenient wall-mounted lightweight V2G charger and discharger is set to: emergency power supply > user demand > scheduling plan, and the corresponding control mode is as follows.

[0054] ; in, P V2G ( t ) means in t The charger and discharger at this moment participate in the V2G charging and discharging power, P V2G，sch ( t ) means in tHigh-level dispatching instructions for chargers and dischargers to participate in V2G charging and discharging at all times, δ i (t)∈{0,1} represents the i Whether electric vehicles can participate in V2G charging and discharging, P V2G，i,max Indicates the maximum value of the charging and discharging power of the charger and discharger participating in V2G charging and discharging. N V2G ( t ) means in t The number of electric vehicles participating in V2G charging and discharging at any given time.

[0055] The municipal traffic load implements a dynamic adjustment control strategy. Taking street lamps and traffic lights as examples, the two main facility loads, street lamps adopt an intelligent dimming control mode coordinated with energy storage devices, and traffic lights adopt an energy-saving mode (triggered during the evening peak period), as shown in the following formula.

[0056] ; in, P light ( t )and P traffic ( t ) respectively represent in t The power of street lights and traffic lights at all times, P light，base Indicates the basic power of the street lamp. P traffic，base Indicates the basic power of the traffic light. γ represents the coordination coefficient between street lamps and energy storage systems, SOC b,max express SOC b ( t )’s maximum value.

[0057] The public distribution network adopts interactive execution of power purchase / sale power restrictions to ensure that the local minimum load demand is met first when selling electricity, as shown in the following formula.

[0058] ; in, P n，buy ( t )and P n，sell ( t ) respectively represent in t The power of the distribution network purchased electricity and sold electricity at any time. P n，max Indicates the maximum power limit of the power purchase on the distribution network. P g (t ) means in t The power generation of the photovoltaic film at the moment, P b，dis ( t ) means in t The discharge power of the energy storage device at time P L，min Indicates the minimum load power of the integrated pole, P n，buy,sch ( t )and P n，sell,sch ( t ) respectively represent in t High-level dispatching instructions on purchasing power online and selling power downstream at all times, P n，buy,max express P n，buy ( t )’s maximum value.

[0059] The bottom-level control area ensures that the system can reliably execute energy flow under complex time strategies by executing the control methods of the above modules, while responding to real-time changes (such as random vehicle access and light fluctuations). It is the "bottom-level hardware defense line" in the hierarchical control architecture.

[0060] The middle-level control area is the data collection, calculation and signal transmission layer of the integrated pole-type microgrid system. This layer calculates the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the historical operation data of each module collected from the bottom layer, thereby determining the output signal, grid-connected / off-grid operation signal and power balance mode signal that need to be adjusted for the integrated pole-type microgrid system. The middle-level control area receives the prediction results of each module in the high-level control area, uploads the generated power signal to the high-level, and decomposes the dispatching instructions. The data collection control model of the middle-level control area is as follows: ; The instruction decomposition control model is as follows: ; in, P g，mod ( t )and P L，mod ( t ) respectively represent in t The corrected value of photovoltaic power generation and the corrected value of comprehensive pole load power at the moment, ε g and ε L Respectively represent the measurement errors of photovoltaic power generation and comprehensive pole load power. P b，ref and P b，emergencyThey represent the control target value of the energy storage device and the charging and discharging power in an emergency situation, respectively. P V2G，ref and P V2G，emergency They represent the control target value of V2G charging and discharging power and the charging and discharging power in emergency situations, respectively. μ , β They are the weight coefficients of energy storage devices and chargers and dischargers, respectively, which are used to balance planning and emergency needs.

[0061] The high-level control area is the energy management system and dispatch control layer of the integrated pole-type microgrid system. This layer processes and analyzes the historical operation data and power signals collected from each module, and then uses intelligent algorithms to carry out output and load forecasting, which are then sorted and statistically transmitted to the dispatch center to create dispatch instructions and send the instruction signals to the bottom-level control area.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the load fluctuation of the public distribution network in different time periods every day, a day can be divided into 6 time periods: morning peak (08:00-12:00), midday valley (12:00-14:00), midday flat (14:00-18:00), evening peak (18:00-22:00), evening flat (22:00-24:00), morning valley (00:00-08:00). The high-level control area realizes global optimization scheduling by formulating a time-divided energy plan, and the control objective function is designed as follows.

[0063] ; in, t =1~6 correspond to six time periods (early peak, midday valley, midday flat, late peak, late flat, early valley), C n,buy ( t )and C sell,buy ( t ) respectively represent in t The cost of purchasing electricity and transmitting electricity for sale in the morning of the distribution network at the time of the moment. C b,loss represents the charging and discharging loss cost of the energy storage device, C V2G,loss It represents the battery loss cost of the charger / discharger participating in V2G charging and discharging, As described above, in the embodiment of the present application, through the hierarchical control of the above three layers of control, real-time information sharing and power complementarity of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and real-time response to output and load demand can be achieved.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system may be divided into a plurality of power balancing modes based on the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, if the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation film is P g , the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is P b (Charging power is P b,ch , the discharge power is P b,dis ), the charge and discharge power of the charger and discharger is P V2G (Charging power is P V2G,ch , the discharge power is P V2G,dis , the load power of municipal transportation facilities is P L , the power of the public distribution network to be connected / downloaded is P n (Online power purchase power is P n，buy , the power for electricity sales is P n，sell ), then the surplus power δP As shown below: ; Table 1 shows the operating states of corresponding modules in different power balancing modes of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Table 1, these implementations include the first power balancing mode to the fifth power balancing mode.

[0066] Table 1. Operation status table of corresponding modules in different power balance modes of integrated pole-type microgrid system

[0067] When the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charging and discharging power of the charger and discharger is balanced, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the first power balance mode is as follows: ; When the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network is externally balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the second power balance mode is as follows: ; When the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger and discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network absorbs power from the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode. The system balance equation in the third power balance mode is as follows: ; When the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network is externally balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the fourth power balance mode is as follows: ; When the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power to the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode. The system balance equation in the fifth power balance mode is as follows: ; Among them, the integrated pole-type microgrid system can realize the switching of on-grid / off-grid operation mode. When the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in off-grid operation mode, it has no power interaction with the public distribution network, that is, P n (Island)=0.

[0068] As mentioned above, when the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in the first power balance mode, the second power balance mode or the fourth power balance mode, it can switch between the grid-connected and off-grid modes, and can be converted to the isolated grid operation mode in emergency scenarios to achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation. When the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in the third power balance mode or the fifth power balance mode, it needs to be connected to the grid most of the time. When switching to the isolated grid operation mode, it is necessary to first evaluate the remaining power supply energy of the photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system inside the integrated pole-type microgrid system.

[0069] According to the six time periods of the public distribution network, combined with the photovoltaic output characteristics, electricity prices and traffic loads in different time periods, the time-divided energy management strategy is designed as shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2. Time-sharing energy management strategy for integrated pole-type microgrid

[0071] Based on the time-sharing energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid, the energy interaction mode between each module of the microgrid system and the public distribution network in different time periods is designed. Figure 4 shown.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, and the energy management strategies are determined according to the power balance mode and the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the energy interaction mode between each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the public distribution network can be determined based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and different time periods, and the hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system can be integrated.

[0073] Figure 5 The flowchart of determining the power balance mode and energy management strategy in one embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein SOC max and SOC min It can be set according to actual needs. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the process includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and judging the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage device, and determining the appropriate power balance mode according to the above surplus power and SOC; on the basis of determining the appropriate power balance mode, adjusting the operation strategy of each module in the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods, forming a power complementary mode suitable for different time periods, and maximizing the energy and power balance of the integrated pole-type microgrid system, the complementary operation of each module and the market benefits.

[0074] In summary, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a surface photovoltaic power generation film that can maximize the area, capacity and efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and an energy storage device placed inside the integrated pole body, and includes other modules such as V2G chargers and dischargers, municipal lighting, traffic signs and monitoring, environmental monitoring and microgrid management. In addition, the composition, structure and hierarchical and time-divided control energy management system of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in the embodiment of the present application forms a selection process for the power balance mode and time-divided power complementation mode of the energy management system, realizing a synchronous innovative design system at the device and function level, the system and operation level, and the operation and maintenance management and benefit level.

[0075] At the device and function level, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application may include municipal facilities (such as lighting devices, environmental detectors, 5G annunciators, etc.), traffic facilities (surveillance cameras, traffic lights, electronic displays, etc.), power generation facilities (photovoltaic power generation films, etc.), charging and discharging facilities (convenient wall-mounted intelligent lifting V2G charging and discharging piles, etc.) and energy storage facilities (built-in energy storage devices of the pole body). The embodiments of the present application follow the principles of structuring, modularization, and interface standardization, which can achieve convenient installation, maintenance and upgrading, and has the characteristics of modular and standardized design. The integrated pole-type microgrid system integrates multiple functions such as municipal lighting, traffic signals, monitoring, environmental detection, communication, and light storage and charging equipment, and has the characteristics of high functional integration. In addition, the embodiments of the present application adopt a modular layout method that can make full use of the surface area, internal space, and hanging space of the pole body. Each functional module is interconnected, self-sufficient and coordinated, and has the advantages of high space utilization and practicality.

[0076] At the system and operation level, in the embodiment of the present application, photovoltaic power generation film, energy storage device, wall-mounted charger and discharger, and municipal traffic load are combined into a microgrid system through energy conversion device, electrical line and control protection device, etc., and the system can operate independently or in coordination with the main power grid. In the embodiment of the present application, standardized interfaces and unified communication protocols are also used to design layered and time-divided energy management and dispatching control to form an energy management system for coordinated microgrid, integrated pole device and electric vehicle charging and discharging. Through the design of standardized interfaces and unified communication protocols, the microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application is effectively connected with the integrated pole device, so that the information transmission between the two is unimpeded. In the embodiment of the present application, according to the real-time load demand and energy supply, the energy distribution between the microgrid system and the integrated pole device can be optimized through layered and time-divided control to achieve efficient energy utilization. In addition, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided in the embodiment of the present application supports on / off-grid switching and isolated grid operation, can adapt to emergency and fault scenarios, and reliably achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation.

[0077] In terms of operation and maintenance management and benefits, the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies can be used in the embodiments of the present application to realize real-time data collection and analysis, system status monitoring, abnormal and fault warning and analysis, and have a visual remote interface for the whole process. In the embodiments of the present application, the integrated pole device can also be inspected and maintained regularly through a perfect operation and maintenance management system to achieve simple installation, disassembly and update operations to ensure its long-term stable operation. In the embodiments of the present application, there are reliable electrical connections and protective measures between the modules, and the structural strength is high, which can withstand the influence of severe weather and traffic conditions, so it has the advantages of high safety and reliability. In the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application, the equipment layout is intuitive and easy to install, the operation and maintenance process and operation method are simple, the labor demand is small, the utilization rate of new energy is high, and the carbon emissions are small, which has the advantages of simplified operation and maintenance and environmental friendliness. In addition, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application has low equipment investment and construction costs, high energy utilization, and can participate in grid demand response, peak frequency regulation and emergency power supply through the microgrid system and the V2G interface to obtain additional benefits, so it has the advantages of high economic and social benefits.

[0078] Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0079] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present application shall still be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated pole-type microgrid system, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system and a municipal transportation facility load, wherein the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body of an integrated pole device integrating photovoltaic storage charging and discharging with the municipal transportation facility; The light storage charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the rod, an energy storage device built into the inner space of the rod, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the rod; Based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and different time periods, determine the energy interaction mode between each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the public distribution network, and integrate to form a hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy for the integrated pole-type microgrid system; The hierarchical and time-divided energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and judging the charge state of the energy storage device, and determining a suitable power balance mode according to the surplus power and charge state; on the basis of determining the suitable power balance mode, adjusting the operation strategy of each module in the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods, so as to form a power complementary mode suitable for different time periods.

2. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system also includes a distribution box. The integrated pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box through an underground cable and is connected to a low-voltage public distribution network through a distribution switch.

3. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system also includes an energy management system; The photovoltaic storage charging and discharging system is connected to the AC common bus of the municipal transportation facilities; The AC common bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to a low-voltage public distribution network through a grid-connected switch; The energy management system performs data communication with the power grid dispatching center via a wireless annunciator.

4. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation film S g Power generation P g for: ； in, L g , W g and H g Respectively represent the length, width and height of the photovoltaic power generation film, ρ g Indicates the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic film.

5. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a bottom control area, a middle control area and a high-level control area, wherein the bottom control area is used for module control and instruction execution, the middle control area is used for data collection, data processing and signal transmission, and the high-level control area is used for energy management and scheduling control.

6. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple power balancing modes, and the power balancing mode is determined according to the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the charge state of the energy storage device.

7. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surplus power δP for: ； Among them, the charging power of the energy storage device is P b,ch , the discharge power is P b,dis ; The charging power of the charger and discharger is P V2G,ch , the discharge power is P V2G,dis ; The load power of the municipal transportation facilities is P L , the power purchased by the public distribution network is P n，buy , the power for electricity sales is P n，sell , P g Indicates the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation film.

8. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charging and discharging power of the charger and discharger is balanced, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network has external power balance, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger and discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network absorbs power from the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected mode; When the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network has external power balance, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger and discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power to the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in a grid-connected mode.

9. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, and the energy management strategies are determined according to the power balancing mode and distribution network load characteristics in different time periods.

10. An integrated pole device integrating solar storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities, characterized in that: Used in conjunction with the integrated pole-type microgrid system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the integrated pole device comprises a photovoltaic storage charging and discharging facility, a municipal transportation facility and a pole body, and the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body; The light storage charging and discharging facility comprises a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the rod, an energy storage facility built into the inner space of the rod body, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the rod body.

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