Intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection and wireless Internet of Things node adopting system

Abstract

An intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection comprises an environmental energy collection module, an energy storage element and a monitoring module, and is characterized in that the environmental energy collection module is used for collecting environmental energy and converting the environmental energy into electric energy, and the energy storage element is used for storing the electric energy converted by the environmental energy collection module; the monitoring module comprises a Schmidt trigger circuit and a power output control circuit, the Schmidt trigger circuit is provided with a turn-on voltage threshold value and a turn-off voltage threshold value, and the monitoring module turns on power output when the voltage at the two ends of the energy storage element rises to the turn-on voltage threshold value; and when the voltage at the two ends of the energy storage element drops to a turn-off voltage threshold value, power supply output is turned off. According to the technical scheme, the intermittent output of the power supply is controlled by monitoring the voltage of the energy storage element, so that the power consumption in a non-working state is reduced, and the application range of the passive Internet of Things application circuit is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power management and Internet of Things, and in particular relates to an intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection and a wireless Internet of Things node that adopts environmental energy collection and intermittent power supply. Background Art

[0002] Ambient energy harvesting technology is a technology that generates electricity by collecting fragmented energy in the environment. The so-called fragmented energy refers to weak signals existing in the environment, such as light, sound, temperature difference, vibration, radio frequency, etc. The ambient energy harvesting module extracts energy from these signals and converts it into electrical energy.

[0003] Ambient energy harvesting technology is mainly used in wireless node units of passive IoT (Passive IoT or Ambient IoT). Since the amount of electricity collected and converted from ambient energy is generally weak, wireless node units of IoT that use ambient energy harvesting need to perform power management according to the working status. Existing technologies usually use a microprocessor (MCU) to set the application circuit to a sleep state when not in communication to reduce power consumption. However, even when the application circuit of the node unit is in sleep mode, it still consumes at least hundreds of microamperes of current. When the amount of electricity collected and converted from ambient energy cannot meet the minimum power consumption of the node unit application circuit in sleep mode, the wireless node unit cannot work normally, which limits the environmental application conditions of the wireless node units of passive IoT. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection and a wireless Internet of Things node that uses environmental energy collection for intermittent power supply to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection, including an environmental energy collection module, an energy storage element and a monitoring module. The environmental energy collection module is used to collect environmental energy and convert it into electrical energy; the energy storage element is used to store the electrical energy converted by the environmental energy collection module; the monitoring module includes a Schmitt trigger circuit and a power output control circuit, the Schmitt trigger circuit is provided with a start voltage threshold and a shutoff voltage threshold, and outputs high and low levels by monitoring the potential changes at both ends of the energy storage element, and the voltage output control circuit controls the power output of the energy storage element through the output level of the Schmitt trigger circuit; the monitoring module turns on the power output when the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element rises to the start voltage threshold, and turns off the power output when the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element drops to the shutoff voltage threshold.

[0006] Furthermore, the environmental energy collected by the environmental energy collection module includes one or more of kinetic energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and radio frequency energy.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy storage element includes a farad capacitor or a secondary battery.

[0008] Preferably, the Schmitt trigger circuit adopts a positive feedback comparator.

[0009] Preferably, the power output control circuit uses an ideal diode electronic switch to control the power output.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention also provides a wireless Internet of Things node that uses intermittent power supply through environmental energy collection, including a data acquisition module, a wireless communication module, and an intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection. The data acquisition module includes a plurality of acquisition units with different functions; the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module for wireless communication transmission of acquisition unit data; the power supply of the wireless communication module and the data acquisition module is provided by the intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection.

[0011] Furthermore, the acquisition unit includes one or more sensors that convert physical quantities into digital signals.

[0012] Furthermore, the acquisition unit includes a circuit having an acquisition position positioning function.

[0013] Furthermore, the wireless communication module includes one or more wireless communication modules using Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee, NB-IoT, Wi-Fine, eMTC, and LoRa communication protocols.

[0014] The above technical solution adopted by the present invention is suitable for passive Internet of Things application circuits that do not need to work at a certain time. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1) The static operating current of the low-power Schmitt trigger and the ideal diode power switch is much smaller than the consumption current of the existing circuit sleep MCU. When the power is off, the back-end application circuit has almost no power consumption. The environmental energy collection module collects and converts the energy mainly for the energy storage element. Therefore, the environmental adaptability range of the application circuit can be further improved; 2) An intermittent power supply scheme is adopted, and the power supply is provided only when the energy storage element stores a relatively sufficient amount of energy. The power supply current of the application circuit is not limited by the output current of the environmental energy collection module, and can be adapted to circuit applications that need to consume a large amount of power in a short time; 3) Only a low-power Schmitt trigger and an ideal diode power switch are used to manage the power output, without the need for a microprocessor and software control, with low cost and simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Attached Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy harvesting of the present invention.

[0016] Attached Figure 2It is a charge and discharge curve diagram of the energy storage element of the present invention.

[0017] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Attached Figure 4 It is an output voltage curve diagram of the intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy harvesting of the present invention.

[0019] Attached Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the wireless Internet of Things node that uses environmental energy collection and intermittent power supply in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Hereinafter, the exemplary embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the same or similar elements are represented by the same reference numerals regardless of the reference numerals, and their redundant descriptions will be omitted. In addition, when describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may obscure the key points of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, its detailed description will be omitted.

[0021] The block diagram of the intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes an environmental energy collection module 100 , an energy storage element 200 and a monitoring module 300 .

[0022] The environmental energy collection module 100 is used to collect environmental energy and convert it into electrical energy. The environmental energy collected by the environmental energy collection module 100 includes one or more of kinetic energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and radio frequency energy. The environmental energy collection module 100 is provided with a reverse isolation circuit 110 at the output end of the energy storage element 200 to prevent reverse input of the rear-end current.

[0023] The energy storage element 200 is used to store the electric energy converted by the environmental energy collection module 100 . The energy storage element 200 is a farad capacitor or a rechargeable and dischargeable secondary battery.

[0024] The monitoring module 300 includes a Schmitt trigger circuit 310 and a power output control circuit 320. The Schmitt trigger circuit 310 is provided with an on-voltage threshold and an off-voltage threshold. The high and low levels are outputted by monitoring the potential changes at both ends of the energy storage element 200. The voltage output control circuit 320 controls the power output of the energy storage element 200 through the output level of the Schmitt trigger circuit 310.

[0025] By utilizing the hysteresis characteristic of the Schmitt trigger circuit 310 , the monitoring module 300 turns on the power output when the voltage across the energy storage element 200 rises to the turn-on voltage threshold, and does not turn off the power output until the voltage across the energy storage element 200 drops to the turn-off voltage threshold.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the start voltage threshold 311 and the shutoff voltage threshold 312 can be set according to the charging curve 210 and the discharging curve 220 of the energy storage element. The start voltage threshold 311 is always greater than the shutoff voltage threshold 312. The shutoff voltage threshold 312 is set to the minimum voltage value that can maintain the normal operation of the back-end application circuit.

[0027] When the energy storage element is a farad capacitor, Figure 2 (a), the opening voltage threshold 311 can be set to be more than 80% of the charging voltage value 313a; when the energy storage element is a rechargeable secondary battery, such as Figure 2 (b), the opening voltage threshold 311 can be set to be greater than 80% of the charging termination voltage 313b.

[0028] The schematic diagram of the monitoring module 300 of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring module 300 is composed of a Schmitt trigger circuit 310 and an output control circuit 320. The Schmitt trigger circuit 310 is composed of a low-power comparator 314 and a positive feedback resistor network 315. The output control circuit 320 adopts an ideal diode electronic switch 321. The working power supply VDD of the low-power comparator 314 is provided separately by the environmental energy collection module. The voltage monitoring terminal Vcc of the positive feedback comparator 314 is connected to the output terminal of the energy storage element together with the input terminal of the ideal diode electronic switch 321. The turn-on voltage threshold and the turn-off voltage threshold are set by the resistance value of the positive feedback resistor network 315. The ideal diode electronic switch 321 has a very small conduction voltage drop (mV level) and a low static working current (μA or nA level). In the on and off states, the low-power comparator 314 and the ideal diode electronic switch 321 only require very little energy consumption.

[0029] The output voltage curve of the intermittent power supply system for ambient energy harvesting is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the voltage value controlled by the monitoring module is in an intermittent output state. When the environmental energy collection module charges the energy storage element to the voltage at both ends of the turn-on voltage value 311, it outputs the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element. When the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element drops to the turn-off voltage value 312, the output voltage is turned off to zero. The environmental energy collection module charges the energy storage element to the turn-on voltage value 311 again and then repeats the above process.

[0030] The principle block diagram of a wireless Internet of Things node using intermittent power supply by environmental energy collection provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes a data acquisition module 40, a wireless communication module 50 and an intermittent power supply system 60 based on environmental energy collection.

[0031] The data acquisition module 40 includes a plurality of acquisition units 41 with different functions. The acquisition unit 41 includes one or more sensors that convert physical quantities into digital signals. When the position information of the acquisition unit 41 needs to be transmitted, the acquisition unit 41 also includes an application circuit with a position positioning function.

[0032] The wireless communication module 50 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 40 and is used for wireless communication transmission of data from the acquisition unit 41. The wireless communication module 50 can adopt a wireless communication module including one or more communication protocols such as Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee, NB-IoT, Wi-Fine, eMTC, and LoRa.

[0033] The primary power supply of the wireless communication module 50 and the data acquisition module 40 is provided by an intermittent power supply system 60 based on environmental energy collection. A secondary voltage stabilizing circuit is provided inside the wireless communication module 50 and the data acquisition module 40 to ensure power supply in the working state.

[0034] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection, comprising an environmental energy collection module, an energy storage element and a monitoring module, characterized in that: The environmental energy collection module is used to collect environmental energy and convert it into electrical energy; the energy storage element is used to store the electrical energy converted by the environmental energy collection module; the monitoring module includes a Schmitt trigger circuit and a power output control circuit, the Schmitt trigger circuit is provided with a turn-on voltage threshold and a turn-off voltage threshold, and outputs high and low levels by monitoring the potential changes at both ends of the energy storage element, and the power output control circuit controls the power output of the energy storage element through the output level of the Schmitt trigger circuit; the monitoring module turns on the power output when the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element rises to the turn-on voltage threshold, and turns off the power output when the voltage at both ends of the energy storage element drops to the turn-off voltage threshold.

2. The intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental energy collected by the environmental energy collection module includes one or more of kinetic energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and radio frequency energy.

3. The intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage element includes a farad capacitor or a secondary battery.

4. The intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Schmitt trigger circuit adopts a positive feedback comparator.

5. The intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power output control circuit uses an ideal diode electronic switch to control the power output.

6. A wireless Internet of Things node that uses environmental energy collection and intermittent power supply, comprising at least a data acquisition module and a wireless communication module, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes multiple acquisition units with different functions; the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and is used for wireless communication transmission of acquisition unit data; the power supply of the wireless communication module and the data acquisition module is provided by the intermittent power supply system based on environmental energy collection as described in claim 1.

7. A wireless Internet of Things node using intermittent power supply through environmental energy collection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes one or more sensors that convert physical quantities into digital signals.

8. The wireless Internet of Things node using intermittent power supply through environmental energy collection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes a circuit with an acquisition position positioning function.

9. The wireless Internet of Things node using intermittent power supply through environmental energy collection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wireless communication module includes one or more wireless communication modules using Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee, NB-IoT, Wi-Fine, eMTC, and LoRa communication protocols.

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