Synchronous precision seeding and fertilizing integrated device for rice

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous precision seeding and fertilizing integrated device for rice and belongs to agricultural machinery. A cylindrical fertilizer box is coaxially and fixedly installed on the side portion of a cylindrical seed box, a box cavity inner partition plate is fixedly installed in the cylindrical seed box and the cylindrical fertilizer box, a seed box end cover and a fertilizer box end cover are fixedly installed at the outer end of the cylindrical seed box and the outer end of the cylindrical fertilizer box respectively, and a negative pressure air suction pipe and a fertilizer injection pipe are installed on the seed box end cover and the fertilizer box end cover respectively. A seed storage hopper and a seed outlet pipe are respectively installed on the upper portion and the lower portion of a cylindrical seed box, a fertilizer outlet pipe is installed on the lower portion of a cylindrical fertilizer box, an annular disc and a circular groove indent type seed filling and discharging wheel are sequentially inserted in a center hole of a partition plate in a box cavity from inside to outside, and a driving shaft is inserted in a seed box end cover and the annular disc. A seed cleaning brush, an arc-shaped seed protecting plate and a seed unloading mechanism composed of a crank throw, an active push-pull rocker and the like are assembled in the cylindrical seed box, and a fertilizing mechanism composed of a double-clamping-groove shifting fork, a triangular push-pull frame and a triangular closing plate is installed in the cylindrical fertilizer box; the seeder can simultaneously finish seeding and fertilizing operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a synchronous precision sowing and fertilizing integrated operator for direct seeding of rice. Background Art

[0002] Compared with rice transplanting and seedling throwing, rice dry direct seeding has many advantages, such as no need for advance seedling raising procedures, no need for investment in seedling raising equipment, saving labor, time, investment, and reducing operating costs. Therefore, the agronomic technology of rice dry direct seeding has been the planting mode that has been used in rice planting to this day. Moreover, with the development of rice dry direct seeding planting technology, the quality and operation effect of rice dry direct seeding have been improved, and its use area has gradually increased and expanded. However, due to the inadequacy of machine structure design, rice dry direct seeding and fertilization operations are currently mostly completed by two single operation machines, sowing and fertilization, respectively. Not only does it increase the cost of purchasing the machine, the operation cycle is long, the efficiency is low, and the operating cost is increased, but there are also technical problems such as low fertilizer utilization rate and large losses. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, combine with the actual needs of the current mechanized operation of rice dry direct seeding, and develop and design a rice synchronous precision sowing and fertilization integrated device, so as to achieve the goals of high operation efficiency, short operation cycle, saving sowing and fertilization equipment investment, reducing operation costs, reducing fertilizer losses, and improving fertilizer utilization rate.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way: a cylindrical fertilizer box is coaxially fixed on one side end of a cylindrical seed box, a box cavity partition is fixed at the middle position of the cylindrical seed box and the cylindrical fertilizer box, the seed box end cover and the fertilizer box end cover are respectively sealed and fixed on the outer ends of the cylindrical seed box and the cylindrical fertilizer box, a negative pressure suction pipe and a fertilizer injection pipe are respectively installed on the seed box end cover and the fertilizer box end cover, a seed storage funnel is installed on the upper end of the cylindrical seed box, a seed outlet pipe is equipped on the lower side of the cylindrical seed box, and a fertilizer outlet pipe is installed on the lower side of the cylindrical fertilizer box through a triangular fertilizer protection tube. A circular groove and socket type seed filling and discharging wheel is radially and axially positioned in the central through hole of the partition in the box cavity and is circumferentially rotatable. The circular groove and socket type seed filling and discharging wheel is located as a whole in the cylindrical seed box. An annular disk is radially and axially positioned in the central through hole of the circular groove and socket type seed filling and discharging wheel and is circumferentially rotatable. The drive shaft is supported and inserted into the central through hole of the seed box end cover and the central through hole of the annular disk in sequence. The drive shaft is rotationally matched with the seed box end cover, and the drive shaft is fixedly matched with the annular disk. On one side of the annular disk located in the box cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box The double-slot fork is rotatably hinged vertically on the side through an eccentrically installed pin shaft D, and a limiting cylinder and a guide rail are respectively fixed on the upper and lower parts of the side of the inner cavity of the partition plate facing the inner cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box, and the limiting cylinder can be inserted into the upper slot of the double-slot fork by sliding up and down relatively, and a plurality of shifting cylinders are evenly installed along the circumferential direction on the side of the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel located on one side of the cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box, and the lower slot of the double-slot fork and the plurality of shifting cylinders are in a snap-in contact fit or out of snap-in fit in turn, and the lower slot of the double-slot fork The push-pull rod B is hinged on the end surface so as to swing back and forth in a circle through the pin shaft C, and the push-pull rod A is clamped on the guide rail so as to slide back and forth up and down. The upper end of the push-pull rod A is hinged on the lower side of the push-pull rod B through the pin shaft B, and the lower end of the push-pull rod A is hinged on the triangular push-pull frame through the cylindrical hanging hinge, and the triangular closing plate is hinged on the fertilizer discharge port at the lower end of the cylindrical fertilizer box so as to swing up and down through the pin shaft G. The lower end of the triangular push-pull frame is hinged to the triangular closing plate through the pin shaft A and the connecting seat, and the triangular closing plate and the triangular fertilizer protection cylinder are mutually closed or open.A crank is fixedly installed on the end of the driving shaft located in the cavity of the cylindrical seed box, and an active push-pull rocker is hung and hinged on the crank through a pin F. The pin F and the pin D coincide with each other in the circumferential direction without any misalignment angle. The pin E hangs and hinges the active push-pull sleeve on the lower side of the active push-pull rocker. Positioning columns are fixedly installed symmetrically on the end cover of the seed box and located inside the cylindrical seed box. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the end of the positioning column. The auxiliary push-pull column can be reciprocated up and down and inserted into the cavity of the guide sleeve. The auxiliary compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary push-pull column. The lower end face and the upper end face of the auxiliary compression spring are respectively in extrusion contact with the bottom end of the guide sleeve and in the auxiliary push-pull The axial positioning on the column is matched, and a seat plate is hung and fixed on the lower ends of the two auxiliary push-pull columns. The active push-pull column is fixed on the middle part of the seat plate. The active push-pull column is axially positioned and inserted in the active push-pull sleeve cavity. The rubber seed unloading column is fixed on the lower side of the seat plate, and is inserted or disengaged with the seed filling and discharging sockets on the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel. The seed blocking plate, seed cleaning brush and arc-shaped seed protection plate are fixed in sequence along the circumferential direction on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical seed box, located between the cylindrical seed box and the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel. The seed blocking plate and seed cleaning brush are respectively located on both sides of the lower part of the seed discharging port of the seed storage funnel, so as to form a rice synchronous precision sowing and fertilization integrated device. ;

[0005] The invention combines the dry direct seeding rice seed metering device and the fertilizer applicator into one, realizing the synchronous joint operation of precision seeding and fertilization. It has the characteristics of novel structure, scientific, reasonable, compact, dual-purpose, good operation quality, high efficiency, short operation cycle, low machine purchase cost, and high fertilizer utilization rate, providing technical guarantee for the large-scale application of dry direct seeding rice planting agronomic technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rice synchronous precision seeding and fertilization integrated device;

[0007] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rice synchronous precision seeding and fertilizing integrated device after the fertilizer box end cover is removed;

[0008] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rice synchronous precision seeding and fertilizing integrated device after the seed box end cover is removed;

[0009] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed arrangement mechanism.

[0010] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0011] 1. Fertilizer pipe, 2. Seed pipe, 3. Cylindrical seed box, 4. Positioning column, 5. Seed box end cover, 6. Negative pressure suction pipe, 7. Cylindrical fertilizer box, 8. Drive shaft, 9. Fertilizer injection pipe, 10. Fertilizer box end cover, 11. Seed storage funnel, 12. Triangular fertilizer protection cylinder, 13. Triangular closing plate, 14. Connecting seat, 15. Pin A, 16. Triangular push-pull frame, 17. Cylinder, 18. Push-pull rod A, 19. Guide rail, 20. Pin B, 21. Push-pull rod B, 22. Pin C, 23. Double slot fork, 2 4. Pin D, 25. Annular disc, 26. Limiting cylinder, 27. Toggle cylinder, 28. Circular groove eye-type seed filling and discharging wheel, 29. Seat plate, 30. Auxiliary push-pull column, 31. Rubber seed unloading column, 32. Guide sleeve, 33. Active push-pull column, 34. Partition in box cavity, 35. Active push-pull sleeve, 36. Pin E, 37. Active push-pull rocker, 38. Crank, 39. Pin F, 40. Arc-shaped seed protection plate, 41. Seed cleaning brush, 42. Seed retaining plate, 43. Auxiliary compression spring, 44. Pin G. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A synchronous precision seeding and fertilizing integrated device for rice, a cylindrical fertilizer box 7 is coaxially fixed on one side end of a cylindrical seed box 3, a box cavity partition 34 is fixed in the middle of the cylindrical seed box 3 and the cylindrical fertilizer box 7, a seed box end cover 5 and a fertilizer box end cover 10 are respectively sealed and fixed on the outer ends of the cylindrical seed box 3 and the cylindrical fertilizer box 7, a negative pressure suction pipe 6 and a fertilizer injection pipe 9 are respectively installed on the seed box end cover 5 and the fertilizer box end cover 10, a seed storage funnel 11 is installed on the upper end of the cylindrical seed box 3, a seed outlet pipe 2 is equipped on the lower side of the cylindrical seed box 3, and a fertilizer outlet pipe 1 is installed on the lower side of the cylindrical fertilizer box 7 through a triangular fertilizer protection tube 12; A circular grooved eye-type seed-filling and discharging wheel 28 is inserted into the central through hole of the partition 34 in the box cavity in a radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatable manner. The circular grooved eye-type seed-filling and discharging wheel 28 is located in the cylindrical seed box 3 as a whole. An annular disk 25 is inserted into the central through hole of the circular grooved eye-type seed-filling and discharging wheel 28 in a radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatable manner. The drive shaft 8 is supported and inserted into the central through hole of the seed box end cover 5 and the central through hole of the annular disk 25 in sequence. The drive shaft 8 is rotationally matched with the seed box end cover 5, and the drive shaft 8 is fixedly matched with the annular disk 25. The annular disk 25 is eccentrically fixed on the side surface of the annular disk 25 located in the box cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box 7. The installed pin shaft D24 can rotatably hinge the double-slot fork 23 vertically, and the limiting cylinder 26 and the guide rail 19 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower parts of the side of the inner side of the partition plate 34 facing the inner side of the cylindrical fertilizer box 7. The limiting cylinder 26 can be inserted into the upper slot of the double-slot fork 23 by sliding up and down relatively. A plurality of shifting cylinders 27 are evenly installed along the circumferential direction on the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28 located on the side of the box cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box 7. The lower slot of the double-slot fork 23 and the plurality of shifting cylinders 27 are in a snap-in contact fit or out of snap-in fit in turn. The pin shaft C2 is used on the end face of the lower slot of the double-slot fork 23. The push-pull rod B21 is hingedly mounted so as to swing back and forth in a circle, and the push-pull rod A18 is clamped on the guide rail 19 so as to slide back and forth up and down. The upper end of the push-pull rod A18 is hingedly connected to the lower side of the push-pull rod B21 through a pin B20. The lower end of the push-pull rod A18 is hingedly mounted with a triangular push-pull frame 16 by hanging and hingedly mounted through a cylinder 17. The triangular closing plate 13 is hingedly mounted so as to swing up and down at the fertilizer discharge port at the lower end of the cylindrical fertilizer box 7 through a pin G44. The lower end of the triangular push-pull frame 16 is hingedly connected to the triangular closing plate 13 through a pin A15 and a connecting seat 14. The triangular closing plate 13 and the triangular fertilizer protection cylinder 12 are mutually closed or open.A crank 38 is fixedly mounted on the end of the driving shaft 8 located in the cavity of the cylindrical seed box 3, and an active push-pull rocker 37 is hung and hinged on the crank 38 through a pin F39. The pin F39 coincides with the pin D24 in the circumferential direction without a misaligned angle. The pin E36 hangs and hinges the active push-pull sleeve 35 on the lower side of the active push-pull rocker 37. The positioning columns 4 are fixedly mounted symmetrically on the seed box end cover 5 at the inner position of the cylindrical seed box 3, and the guide sleeve 32 is fixedly mounted on the end of the positioning column 4. The auxiliary push-pull column 30 can be reciprocated up and down and inserted into the cavity of the guide sleeve 32. The auxiliary compression spring 43 is sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary push-pull column 30, and the lower end face and the upper end face of the auxiliary compression spring 43 are squeezed with the bottom end of the guide sleeve 32 respectively. Press-contact fit and axial positioning fit on the auxiliary push-pull column 30, hang and fix the seat plate 29 on the lower end of the two auxiliary push-pull columns 30, fix the active push-pull column 33 on the middle part of the seat plate 29, the active push-pull column 33 is axially positioned and inserted into the cylinder cavity of the active push-pull sleeve 35, and the rubber seed unloading column 31 is fixed on the lower side of the seat plate 29, and is inserted or disengaged with the seed filling and discharging sockets on the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28; the seed blocking plate 42, the seed cleaning brush 41 and the arc-shaped seed protection plate 40 are fixed in sequence along the circumferential direction on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical seed box 3, located between the cylindrical seed box 3 and the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28, and the seed blocking plate 42 and the seed cleaning brush 41 are respectively located on both sides of the lower part of the seed discharging port of the seed storage funnel 11. ;

[0013] During operation, fertilizer is filled into the cylindrical fertilizer box 7 from the fertilizer injection pipe 9, and the seeds in the seed storage hopper 11 are filled into the outer circumference of the circular groove socket type seed filling wheel 28 between the seed retaining plate 42 and the seed cleaning brush 41 under the action of self-weight, and the rotating external power drives the annular disc 25 and the crank 38 to rotate synchronously through the driving shaft 8, wherein the rotating annular disc 25 is sequentially driven by the pin shaft D24, the double slot fork 23, the pin shaft C22, the pusher The pull rod B21 and the pin B20 make the push-pull rod A18 reciprocate up and down in the guide rail 19, and drive the triangular closing plate 13 to rotate upward and downward around the pin G44 through the cylinder 17, the triangular push-pull frame 16, the pin A15, and the connecting seat 14, and cooperate with the triangular fertilizer protection cylinder 12 to connect or close the pipe hole of the fertilizer outlet pipe 1, and complete the intermittent fertilizer discharge operation repeatedly in a cycle; synchronously, the up and down movement The double-slot fork 23 that reciprocates and swings cooperates with the shifting cylinder 27 in turn to shift the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28 to rotate. Under the action of the negative pressure suction force of the negative pressure suction pipe 6, the seeds are adsorbed in the socket holes of the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28. After the seed cleaning brush 41 cleans the seeds and the arc-shaped seed protection plate 40 protects the seeds, when it rotates to the position above the coaxial center of the seed outlet tube 2, the rotating crank 38 passes through the pin F39, the active push-pull rocker 37, the pin E36, the main The dynamic push-pull sleeve 35, the active push-pull column 33, the seat plate 29, and the auxiliary push-pull column 30 coordinated with the fixed guide sleeve 32 and the auxiliary compression spring 43 drive the rubber seed discharge column 31 to reciprocate up and down and insert into the seed filling and discharging socket on the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel 28 that has absorbed the seeds, and while blocking the negative pressure suction, the seeds are mechanically forced out of the seed filling and discharging socket, and the fallen seeds are discharged through the seed outlet pipe 2, completing the seed discharge operation. The sowing and fertilization synchronous operations are performed repeatedly in sequence.

Claims

1. A rice synchronous precision sowing and fertilization integrated device, characterized in that: A cylindrical fertilizer box (7) is coaxially fixed on one side end of the cylindrical seed box (3); a box cavity partition (34) is fixed in the middle of the cylindrical seed box (3) and the cylindrical fertilizer box (7); a seed box end cover (5) and a fertilizer box end cover (10) are respectively sealed and fixed on the outer ends of the cylindrical seed box (3) and the cylindrical fertilizer box (7); a negative pressure suction pipe (6) and a fertilizer injection pipe (9) are respectively installed on the seed box end cover (5) and the fertilizer box end cover (10); a seed storage funnel (11) is installed on the upper end of the cylindrical seed box (3); a seed outlet pipe (2) is provided on the lower side of the cylindrical seed box (3); and a fertilizer outlet pipe (1) is installed on the lower side of the cylindrical fertilizer box (7) through a triangular fertilizer protection tube (12); the box cavity partition ( A circular groove eye-shaped seed filling and discharging wheel (28) is inserted into the central through hole of the cylindrical seed box (34) in a radially and axially positioned manner and circumferentially rotatable manner. The circular groove eye-shaped seed filling and discharging wheel (28) is located in a cylindrical seed box (3) as a whole. An annular disc (25) is inserted into the central through hole of the circular groove eye-shaped seed filling and discharging wheel (28) in a radially and axially positioned manner and circumferentially rotatable manner. The drive shaft (8) is supported and inserted into the central through hole of the seed box end cover (5) and the central through hole of the annular disc (25) in sequence. The drive shaft (8) is rotationally matched with the seed box end cover (5), and the drive shaft (8) is fixedly matched with the annular disc (25). On one side of the annular disc (25) located in the box cavity of the cylindrical fertilizer box (7), an eccentrically installed pin D is connected to the annular disc (25). (24) A double-slot fork (23) is rotatably hinged vertically, and a limiting cylinder (26) and a guide rail (19) are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the inner chamber of the partition plate (34) facing the inner chamber of the cylindrical fertilizer box (7), and the limiting cylinder (26) can be inserted into the upper slot of the double-slot fork (23) in a relatively upward and downward sliding manner. A plurality of shifting cylinders (27) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side surface of the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel (28) located on the inner chamber of the cylindrical fertilizer box (7), and the lower slot of the double-slot fork (23) and the plurality of shifting cylinders (27) are sequentially engaged in contact or disengaged from engagement, and the lower slot end surface of the double-slot fork (23) can be reciprocated in a circle through a pin C (22). A push-pull rod B (21) is hingedly mounted in a swingable manner, and a push-pull rod A (18) is clamped on a guide rail (19) so as to slide back and forth up and down. The upper end of the push-pull rod A (18) is hingedly connected to the lower side of the push-pull rod B (21) through a pin shaft B (20). The lower end of the push-pull rod A (18) is hung and hingedly mounted on a triangular push-pull frame (16) through a cylinder (17). A triangular closing plate (13) is hingedly mounted in a swingable manner at the fertilizer discharge port at the lower end of the cylindrical fertilizer box (7) through a pin shaft G (44). The lower end of the triangular push-pull frame (16) is hingedly connected to the triangular closing plate (13) through a pin shaft A (15) and a connecting seat (14). The triangular closing plate (13) and the triangular fertilizer protection cylinder (12) are mutually closed or open.A crank (38) is fixedly mounted on the end of the driving shaft (8) located in the inner cavity of the cylindrical seed box (3), and an active push-pull rocker (37) is hung and hinged on the crank (38) through a pin shaft F (39). The pin shaft F (39) and the pin shaft D (24) are coincident in the circumferential direction without a misaligned angle. The pin shaft E (36) hangs and hinges the active push-pull sleeve (35) on the lower side of the active push-pull rocker (37). (5), the positioning columns (4) are fixedly mounted symmetrically at positions inside the cylindrical seed box (3), the guide sleeve (32) is fixedly mounted on the end of the positioning column (4), the auxiliary push-pull column (30) is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the guide sleeve (32) so as to be reciprocatingly movable up and down, the auxiliary compression spring (43) is sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary push-pull column (30), and the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the auxiliary compression spring (43) are respectively connected to the bottom of the guide sleeve (32). The two ends are pressed and contacted and axially positioned on the auxiliary push-pull column (30). A seat plate (29) is hung and fixed on the lower ends of the two auxiliary push-pull columns (30). An active push-pull column (33) is fixed on the middle part of the seat plate (29). The active push-pull column (33) is axially positioned and inserted into the cylinder cavity of the active push-pull sleeve (35). The rubber unloading column (31) is fixed on the lower side of the seat plate (29) and is connected to the circular groove socket type filling and discharging The seed filling and discharging sockets on the seed wheel (28) are in an insertion or disengagement fit; a seed blocking plate (42), a seed cleaning brush (41) and an arc-shaped seed protection plate (40) are fixedly mounted in sequence along the circumferential direction on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical seed box (3) and between the cylindrical seed box (3) and the circular groove socket type seed filling and discharging wheel (28); the seed blocking plate (42) and the seed cleaning brush (41) are respectively located on both sides of the lower part of the seed discharging opening of the seed storage funnel (11).

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