Seed fertilizer application amount adjusting device and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed and fertilizer application amount adjusting device and method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machineries, the seed and fertilizer application amount adjusting device comprises a driving structure, a seed inlet pipe, a seed falling pipe and a backflow pipe, one end of the seed inlet pipe is used for being connected with a seed and fertilizer metering device, the driving structure is used for driving the seed inlet pipe to move, and the seed falling pipe is connected with the seed and fertilizer metering device; the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected with the seed falling pipe and / or the return pipe, and the return pipe is used for being connected with the seed return box. According to the seed fertilizer application amount adjusting device and method, the problem that the seeding fertilizer application amount is not accurate in the starting and stopping stages of an existing seeding fertilizer applicator is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a seed and fertilizer application amount regulating device and a regulating method. Background Art

[0002] Precision agriculture is a new trend in the development of agriculture in the world today. Its principle is to adjust various soil and crop management measures precisely and accurately according to the specific conditions of each operating unit in the field, optimize various agricultural inputs to the maximum extent, obtain the highest yield and maximum economic benefits, and protect the agricultural ecological environment at the same time, so as to maintain the efficient use of agricultural resources and the sustainable development of the agricultural industry. Among them, the precision sowing and fertilization technology is to sow the precise amount of qualified seeds and fertilizers in accordance with agricultural technical requirements to the predetermined parts of the soil that meet the growth requirements, including a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system composed of precise plant spacing, sowing depth and row spacing, that is, precise sowing amount, precise plant spacing and precise sowing depth. This advanced technology ensures the reasonable distribution of seeds in the field, creates the best conditions for seed growth and development, and has significant advantages such as saving seeds, saving seedling labor, and increasing production. It has been widely promoted and applied at home and abroad.

[0003] The existing seeding and fertilizing machines have poor regulation performance in terms of seeding and fertilizing amount, and when the seeding and fertilizing machines are in operation, the phenomena of missed seeding and repeated seeding are easily formed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device and adjustment method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and solve the problem of inaccurate seed and fertilizer application amount during the starting and stopping stages of the current seeding and fertilizer application machine.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device, comprising: a driving structure, a seed inlet pipe, a seed drop pipe and a return pipe, one end of the seed inlet pipe is used to be connected to a seed and fertilizer discharger, the driving structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe to move, so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected to the seed drop pipe and / or the return pipe, and the return pipe is used to be connected to the seed return box.

[0007] Preferably, the driving structure comprises a linear driving assembly and a connecting plate, the telescopic end of the linear driving assembly is hinged to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is used to be connected to the seed feeding tube.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a sliding seat, which is used to connect with the seeding and fertilizing machine, and the seed inlet pipe, the seed drop pipe and the return pipe are all arranged on the sliding seat, and the seed inlet pipe is slidably connected to the sliding seat.

[0009] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the sliding seat, a sliding plate is provided in the slide groove, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the sliding seat, and the seed inlet tube is connected to the sliding plate.

[0010] Preferably, the seed drop pipe and the return pipe are arranged in parallel, and the diameters of the seed inlet pipe, the seed drop pipe and the return pipe are the same.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Make the position of the seed inlet tube correspond to the seed drop tube and be at the seed drop opening position;

[0013] Step 2, measuring the forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0014] Step 3, calculating the real-time sowing amount S of the seed fertilizer and the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device;

[0015] Step 4, compare the real-time sowing amount S of seed fertilizer with the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold A of the seed and fertilizer discharger: when S>A, the position of the seed inlet pipe corresponds to the seed drop pipe and is at the seed drop position. At this time, the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer discharger is used to control the sowing and fertilization amount; when S≤A, the seed and fertilizer discharger fixes the sowing and fertilizer application at the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold A, and the seed inlet pipe moves a distance M toward the return pipe.

[0016] Preferably, in step 2, the forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine is measured by a rotary encoder connected to the ground wheel as follows:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, V is the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; D is the diameter of the ground wheel, in meters; N is the number of pulses output by the rotary encoder collected during the sampling period; K is the fixed number of pulses output by the rotary encoder when the ground wheel rotates one circle; T is the speed sampling period, in milliseconds.

[0019] Preferably, in step 3, the real-time application amount S of the seed fertilizer is:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, S is the real-time sowing amount of seed fertilizer, in kilograms per second; Q is the preset sowing amount of seed fertilizer per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters.

[0022] Preferably, in step 3, the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, R is the real-time rotation speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in revolutions per second; Q is the preset sowing rate of seed and fertilizer per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters; q is the single-turn displacement of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in kilograms per second.

[0025] Preferably, in step 4, the distance M that the seed inlet pipe moves toward the return pipe is:

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, M is the distance that the seed inlet pipe moves toward the return pipe, in meters; L is the length of the seed inlet pipe, in meters; S is the real-time sowing amount of seed and fertilizer, in kilograms per second; A is the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold of the seed and fertilizer discharger, in kilograms per second; k is the seed and fertilizer distribution coefficient between the seed drop port and the return port, and its value range is 0 to 1.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0029] The present invention drives the seed inlet tube to slide through a driving structure, so that the position of the seed inlet tube changes, and the seed inlet tube is connected with the seed drop tube, or the seed inlet tube is connected with the return tube, or the seed inlet tube is connected with the seed drop tube and the return tube at the same time, thereby adjusting the sowing amount of fertilizer and the return amount of fertilizer, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate sowing and fertilization amount during the starting and stopping stages of the current seeding and fertilization machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is an axonometric schematic diagram of the seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a side view of the seed fertilizer application amount adjustment device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a top view of the seed and fertilizer application amount regulating device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the seed and fertilizer application amount regulating device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a sectional isometric view of the seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied according to the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1-connecting pin, 2-linear drive assembly, 3-sliding plate, 4-sliding seat, 5-connecting plate, 6-mounting plate, 7-seed drop tube, 8-return pipe, 9-seed inlet tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device and adjustment method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and solve the problem of inaccurate seed and fertilizer application amount during the starting and stopping stages of the current seeding and fertilizer application machine.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a seed and fertilizer application amount adjustment device, including: a driving structure, a seed inlet pipe 9, a seed drop pipe 7 and a return pipe 8, one end of the seed inlet pipe 9 is used to connect with the seed and fertilizer discharger, the driving structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe 9 to move, so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe 9 can be connected with the seed drop pipe 7 and / or the return pipe 8, and the return pipe 8 is used to connect with the seed return box.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the seed drop pipe 7 and the return pipe 8 are arranged in parallel, and the diameters of the seed inlet pipe 9, the seed drop pipe 7 and the return pipe 8 are the same.

[0044] In this embodiment, the driving structure includes a linear drive component 2 and a connecting plate 5. The linear drive component 2 is preferably an electric push rod. The linear drive component 2 is mounted on a mounting plate 6. The telescopic end of the linear drive component 2 is hinged to the connecting plate 5 through a connecting pin 1. The connecting plate 5 is used to connect to the seed feeding tube 9. The telescopic end of the linear drive component 2 is provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the position of the telescopic end of the linear drive component 2, and then detecting the position of the seed feeding tube 9.

[0045] This embodiment also includes a sliding seat 4, which is used to connect to the frame of the seeding and fertilizing machine. The mounting plate 6, the seed inlet pipe 9, the seed drop pipe 7 and the return pipe 8 are all arranged on the sliding seat 4. The sliding seat 4 is provided with a slide groove, and the slide groove is provided with a sliding plate 3. The sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the sliding seat 4, and the sliding plate 3 is respectively connected to the seed inlet pipe 9 and the connecting plate 5.

[0046] In this embodiment, the linear drive component 2 drives the seed inlet tube 9 to slide in the slide groove of the sliding seat 4 through the connecting plate 5 and the sliding plate 3, so that the position of the seed inlet tube 9 changes, so that the seed inlet tube 9 is connected with the seed drop tube 7, or the seed inlet tube 9 is connected with the return pipe 8, or the seed inlet tube 9 is connected with the seed drop tube 7 and the return pipe 8 at the same time, thereby adjusting the sowing amount of seed fertilizer and the return amount of seed fertilizer.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Start the machine and monitor the displacement signal of the displacement sensor to determine whether the position of the seed inlet tube 9 is at the seed drop position. If it is not in place, it will automatically reset so that the position of the seed inlet tube 9 corresponds to the seed drop tube 7 and is at the seed drop position;

[0050] Step 2: The forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine (i.e. the forward speed of the tractor) is measured by a rotary encoder connected to the ground wheel of the seeding and fertilizing machine:

[0051]

[0052] Wherein, V is the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; D is the diameter of the ground wheel of the seeding and fertilizing machine, in meters; N is the number of pulses output by the rotary encoder collected within the sampling period; K is the fixed number of pulses output by the rotary encoder when the ground wheel rotates one circle; T is the speed sampling period, in milliseconds; to ensure the accuracy of the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, select an appropriate speed sampling period T;

[0053] Step 3, calculating the real-time sowing amount S of the seed fertilizer and the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, the seed and fertilizer dispensing device is driven by the driving motor;

[0054] The real-time application amount of seed fertilizer S is:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, S is the real-time sowing amount of fertilizer, in kilograms per second; Q is the preset sowing amount of fertilizer per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters;

[0057] The real-time speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispenser is:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, R is the real-time rotation speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in revolutions per second; Q is the preset seed and fertilizer sowing rate per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters; q is the single-turn displacement of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in kilograms per second;

[0060] Step 4: compare the real-time sowing amount S of the fertilizer and the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold value A of the fertilizer dispensing device: when S>A, the position of the seed inlet tube 9 corresponds to the seed drop tube 7 and is at the seed drop port position. At this time, the real-time rotation speed R of the fertilizer dispensing device is used to control the sowing and fertilization amount; when S≤A, the fertilizer dispensing device sows the fertilizer at the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold value A, and the controller controls the linear drive component 2 to drive the seed inlet tube 9 to move a distance M toward the return pipe 8. The distance M moved by the seed inlet tube 9 toward the return pipe 8 is:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, M is the distance that the seed inlet pipe 9 moves toward the return pipe 8, in meters; L is the length of the seed inlet pipe 9, in meters; S is the real-time sowing amount of seed and fertilizer, in kilograms per second; A is the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold of the seed and fertilizer discharger, in kilograms per second; k is the seed and fertilizer distribution coefficient between the seed drop port and the return port, and its value range is 0 to 1.

[0063] The target control signal of this embodiment adopts PID control strategy according to the distribution of fertilizer between the seed drop port and the return port, and uses the displacement sensor as the feedback signal, so as to realize closed-loop control.

[0064] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed fertilizer application amount adjustment device, characterized in that: include: A driving structure, a seed inlet pipe, a seed drop pipe and a return pipe, one end of the seed inlet pipe is used to connect with the seed and fertilizer discharger, the driving structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe to move so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected with the seed drop pipe and / or the return pipe, and the return pipe is used to connect with the seed return box.

2. The seed and fertilizer application rate adjustment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a linear driving component and a connecting plate. The telescopic end of the linear driving component is hinged to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is used to be connected to the seed feeding tube.

3. The seed and fertilizer application rate adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sliding seat, which is used to connect with the seeding and fertilizing machine. The seed inlet pipe, the seed drop pipe and the return pipe are all arranged on the sliding seat, and the seed inlet pipe is slidably connected with the sliding seat.

4. The seed and fertilizer application rate adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove is provided with a sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected with the sliding seat, and the seed feeding tube is connected with the sliding plate.

5. The seed and fertilizer application rate adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed dropping pipe and the return pipe are arranged in parallel, and the diameters of the seed inlet pipe, the seed dropping pipe and the return pipe are the same.

6. A method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Make the position of the seed inlet tube correspond to the seed drop tube and be at the seed drop opening position; Step 2, measuring the forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine; Step 3, calculating the real-time sowing amount S of the seed fertilizer and the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device; Step 4, compare the real-time sowing amount S of seed fertilizer with the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold A of the seed and fertilizer discharger: when S>A, the position of the seed inlet pipe corresponds to the seed drop pipe and is at the seed drop position. At this time, the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer discharger is used to control the sowing and fertilization amount; when S≤A, the seed and fertilizer discharger fixes the sowing and fertilizer application at the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold A, and the seed inlet pipe moves a distance M toward the return pipe.

7. The method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, the forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine is measured by a rotary encoder connected to the ground wheel as follows: In the formula, V is the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; D is the diameter of the ground wheel, in meters; N is the number of pulses output by the rotary encoder collected during the sampling period; K is the fixed number of pulses output by the rotary encoder when the ground wheel rotates one circle; T is the speed sampling period, in milliseconds.

8. The method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the real-time application amount S of seed fertilizer is: In the formula, S is the real-time sowing amount of seed fertilizer, in kilograms per second; Q is the preset sowing amount of seed fertilizer per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the sowing and fertilizing machine, in meters.

9. The method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device is: In the formula, R is the real-time rotation speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in revolutions per second; Q is the preset sowing rate of seed and fertilizer per mu, in kilograms per mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters per second; H is the operating width of the seed and fertilizer dispensing machine, in meters; q is the single-turn displacement of the seed and fertilizer dispensing device, in kilograms per second.

10. The method for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, the distance M that the seed inlet pipe moves toward the return pipe is: Wherein, M is the distance that the seed inlet pipe moves toward the return pipe, in meters; L is the length of the seed inlet pipe, in meters; S is the real-time sowing amount of seed and fertilizer, in kilograms per second; A is the minimum effective sowing amount setting threshold of the seed and fertilizer discharger, in kilograms per second; k is the seed and fertilizer distribution coefficient between the seed drop port and the return port, and its value range is 0 to 1.

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