Potato aeroponic culture system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of novel agricultural planting, in particular to a potato aeroponic cultivation system and a using method thereof.The potato aeroponic cultivation system comprises a planting plate, a box body and transplanting barrels, the box body is of a transversely-through groove-shaped structure, the planting plate is fixed to an opening in the top of the box body, multiple sets of planting holes for containing the transplanting barrels are vertically formed in the planting plate in a penetrating mode, and the transplanting barrels are fixed to the planting plate. A turning plate for sealing the planting holes is arranged at the bottom of the planting plate; a plurality of sets of scraping grooves distributed in a comb tooth shape are formed in one side of the turning plate. The device has the beneficial effects that after the transplanting cylinder is taken out, the turning plate is supported by the torsion spring to reset, the planting holes are synchronously closed, loss of atomized water and nutrient solution in the box body is avoided, blocking objects do not need to be manually filled in the planting holes, and operation is more convenient; in addition, the potato fruits are separated from root hairs through the scraping groove, and the first automatic picking procedure of the potato fruits is achieved; and the potato fruits are supported by the two groups of guide plates to realize secondary picking and separation action of the potato fruits and the root hairs, and manual picking is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of novel agricultural planting, and in particular to a potato mist cultivation system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aeroponics is a soilless cultivation technology. Aeroponics is also called aeroponics. It involves hanging the roots of plants in the space inside a cultivation container, atomizing the nutrient solution through a spray device, and spraying it directly onto the surface of the plant roots. The plant roots absorb nutrients and water in the dark, relatively humid air to meet their growth and development needs. The plant roots are in direct contact with the air in an aeroponic environment, and the atomized nutrient solution can maintain a high oxygen content around the roots. Compared with traditional soil cultivation and some hydroponic methods, aeroponics can provide more sufficient oxygen for the roots, and is especially suitable for root fruit crops. For example, potato roots can efficiently perform aerobic respiration in an aeroponic environment, providing sufficient energy for plant growth and tuber formation.

[0003] The structure of the current potato mist culture equipment is relatively primitive. It mainly uses a transplanting tube to place the potato seedlings into the planting holes of the planting board, and the planting holes are sealed by the transplanting tube to keep the planting box in a closed environment. The atomized water and nutrient solution in the box are not prevented from being lost. It is necessary to manually fill the planting holes in the unplanted areas with sealing materials such as sponges, which is inconvenient to operate. After the potatoes are ripe, it is necessary to manually reach into the box to pick the fruits. The fruits of the inner plants are easily blocked by the roots of the outer plants, which restricts the planting area of ​​the planting board, slows the picking speed, and has low harvesting efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a potato mist culture system and a method of using the system in order to solve the above problems. After the transplanting tube is taken out, the flap is supported by a torsion spring to reset and the planting hole is closed synchronously to avoid the loss of atomized water and nutrient solution in the box. There is no need to manually fill the planting hole with a plug, which makes the operation more convenient. In addition, the scraping groove is used to separate the potato fruit from the root to realize the first automatic picking process of the potato fruit. The potato fruit is supported by two sets of guide plates to realize the second picking and separation action from the root without manual picking, as described below.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a potato aeroponic system, comprising a planting plate, a box body and a transplanting tube, wherein the box body is a transversely through-going groove-shaped structure, the planting plate is fixed at the top opening of the box body, the planting plate is vertically through-going with multiple groups of planting holes for accommodating the transplanting tubes, and a flap for closing the planting holes is provided at the bottom of the planting plate; One side of the flap is provided with multiple groups of scraping grooves distributed in a comb-teeth shape, and the inner side of the scraping groove is provided with a cutting edge, and the other side of the flap is provided with a mounting rod fixedly connected to the planting plate, and the edge of the flap is provided with a rotating ear rotatably connected to the mounting rod, and the outer side of the mounting rod is provided with a torsion spring for keeping the flap against the bottom surface of the planting plate.

[0006] Preferably, the mounting rod is a C-shaped bent rod structure with its opening facing upward, and mounting holes are provided on the planting board corresponding to both ends of the mounting rod. The ends of the mounting rod extend out of the mounting holes and extend to the top side of the planting board, and the ends of the mounting rod are threadedly fitted with mounting nuts.

[0007] Preferably, two groups of guide plates are arranged laterally symmetrically distributed below the planting plate, the rear ends of the two groups of guide plates are inclined downward, and a downward inclined residual material trough is formed between the bottom edges of the two groups of guide plates, and clamping rollers are rotatably arranged on the bottom sides of the two groups of guide plates, and a waste discharge trough is formed between the two groups of clamping rollers, and the width of the waste discharge trough is smaller than the width of the residual material trough.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the guide plate are fixedly connected with a hanger, a transmission rod is arranged in front of the hanger, and a positioning frame for detachably mounting the transmission rod is fixed on the front of the hanger, and side rails supporting the hanger are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the planting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the side rail is a C-shaped groove structure extending laterally and opening outward, and the side rail, the planting board and the box body are all equal in length.

[0010] Preferably, a longitudinally extending axle is rotatably provided at the top of the hanger, a hanging wheel is provided at one end of the axle extending into the inside of the side rail, a driving gear is provided at the other end of the axle, and mounting ears for fixing the two groups of guide plates extend laterally from the top of the hanger.

[0011] Preferably, a shaft extending along its length direction is coaxially fixed to the middle part of the clamping roller, auxiliary ears supporting the rotation of the shaft are provided on the bottom sides of both ends of the guide plate, a synchronous gear and a driven gear are fixed to the outer side of the front end of the shaft, the driven gear is arranged in front of the synchronous gear, and the synchronous gears of the two groups of the shafts are meshed with each other.

[0012] Preferably, a knob is fixed to the front end of the shaft rod, transmission gears are provided at both ends of the transmission rod, and two groups of the transmission gears are respectively meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0013] Preferably, two groups of vertically arranged rotating sleeves are rotatably provided in the middle section of the transmission rod, and clamps for removably clamping the rotating sleeves are provided at the four corners of the positioning frame. A combination hole is longitudinally penetrated through the positioning frame and the middle of the hanger, and a handle with an end passing through the positioning frame and the hanger is provided on the outer side of the positioning frame, and a positioning nut is threadedly fitted on the end of the handle to keep the positioning frame and the hanger pressed tightly.

[0014] The method for using the potato aeroponic system comprises the following steps: a. Connect multiple groups of boxes and planting boards in sequence from end to end to form a planting channel, arrange the length of the aeroponic system according to the corresponding planting site, transfer the transplanting tube with potato seedlings after seedling raising into the planting hole of the planting board, and in specific operation, press the transplanting tube into the planting hole to press down and flip the flap with the transplanting tube, keep the torsion spring in a compressed state, flip the flap to the position close to the side wall of the transplanting tube, and complete the arrangement of the transplanting tube; b. When the potato plants in a transplanting tube at a certain position are poorly grown or necrotic and need to be removed, the transplanting tube is pulled out upward to separate it from the planting hole. At this time, the flap is reset under the action of the torsion spring, that is, the flap rotates to cover the bottom of the planting hole of the planting plate, thereby closing the planting hole at the corresponding position, ensuring that the inner cavity of the aeroponic system is in a closed state to prevent the leakage of the internal atomized water and nutrients; c. During the growth process, the potato roots extend along the bottom of the transplanting tube to the middle of the box. When the potatoes grow to the picking state, the operating handle moves the supporting mechanism composed of two sets of guide plates to the picking position, and then the transplanting tube is pulled out from the planting board. During this process, when the bottom of the transplanting tube gradually separates from the flap, the flap is reset upward under the action of the torsion spring, and at the same time, the potato roots and the fruits attached to the roots are separated by the comb-shaped scraping groove, the fruits are blocked from falling downward, and the roots pass through the scraping groove to get out of the planting board upward; d. The roots that are broken by the upward pulling of the transplanting tube fall down onto the guide plate along with the fruits. At the same time, the blade inside the scraping groove cuts off the roots that cannot be pulled off or cannot pass through the scraping groove. The transplanting tube that is taken out upward is sent to the seedling raising area for reuse. e. The fruits and roots that fall on the guide plate gradually gather. During the horizontal movement of the slate side rail supported by the hanger, the rotation of the hanging wheel and the meshing of the synchronous gears are used to support the two sets of clamping rollers to rotate in opposite directions. The potato roots that extend into the waste discharge chute are clamped and discharged downward by the clamping rollers, and the fruits are separated from the roots while the roots are pulled downward by the clamping rollers. At the same time, the potato fruits supported on the top of the residual material chute are rolled backward along the guide plate that is tilted backwards and discharged.

[0015] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a flap corresponding to the planting hole and capable of being flipped downward and reset upward under pressure. When a transplanting tube is inserted into the planting hole, the flap is pressed down to automatically open the planting hole channel. After the transplanting tube is taken out, the flap is reset by supporting the torsion spring to close the planting hole synchronously, thereby preventing the loss of atomized water and nutrient solution in the box, and there is no need to manually fill the planting hole with a blockage, which makes the operation more convenient. 2. In addition, after the potato root system and fruits are ripe, the transplanting tube is directly pulled out upwards, and the potato fruits and roots are separated by the scraping groove under the action of the flap reset, thus realizing the first automatic picking process of potato fruits; 3. The roots that cannot pass through the scraping groove are cut by the inner blade of the flap, and the cut roots fall to the top side of the guide plate together with the potato fruits. The two sets of clamping rollers rotate in opposite directions to clamp and transport the roots gathered on the guide plate downward, and the two sets of guide plates support the potato fruits to achieve the second picking and separation action from the roots, and the picked and separated potato fruits are discharged along the guide plate tilted downward at the rear end, completing the separation process of roots and fruits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a right view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure splitting of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the hanger of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping roller of the present invention; Figure 7 is a top view of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flap of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of another aspect of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the planting board of the present invention; Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide plate of the present invention in another direction; Fig.12 It is a bottom view structural diagram of the planting board of the present invention.

[0018] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1. Planting plate; 101. Planting hole; 102. Mounting hole; 2. Box; 3. Transplanting tube; 301. Limiting convex edge; 4. Flap; 401. Scraping groove; 401a. Blade; 402. Rotating ear; 403. Mounting rod; 403a. Mounting nut; 404. Torsion spring; 5. Side rail; 6. Guide plate; 601. Auxiliary ear; 7. Clamp roller; 701. Shaft rod; 702. Synchronous gear; 703. Driven gear; 704. Knob; 8. Hanger; 801. Hanging wheel; 802. Wheel axle; 802a. Driving gear; 803. Mounting ear; 9. Transmission rod; 901. Rotating sleeve; 902. Transmission gear; 10. Positioning frame; 10a. Clamp; 11. Handle; 11a. Positioning nut; 12. Residual material trough; 13. Waste discharge trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the present invention provides a potato aeroponic system, comprising a planting plate 1, a box body 2 and a transplanting tube 3, the box body 2 is a transversely through-grooved structure, the planting plate 1 is fixed at the top opening of the box body 2, a plurality of groups of planting holes 101 for accommodating the transplanting tube 3 are vertically penetrated on the planting plate 1, and a flap 4 for closing the planting holes 101 is provided at the bottom of the planting plate 1, the top edge of the transplanting tube 3 extends outward to form a limiting convex edge 301, and the transplanting tube 3 and the top surface of the planting plate 1 are pressed tightly by the limiting convex edge 301, so as to keep the gap between the planting hole 101 and the transplanting tube 3 closed, and prevent the moisture inside the box body 2 and the atomized gas of the nutrient solution from leaking outward; A plurality of scraping grooves 401 distributed in a comb-teeth shape are arranged on one side of the flap 4, and the scraping grooves 401 are used to guide the potato roots to pass upward, and the potato fruits are scraped off the root surface through the scraping grooves 401, and a blade 401a is arranged on the inner side of the scraping groove 401, and the blade 401a is used to cut off the roots that cannot be pulled off or pulled upward out of the planting hole 101, and a mounting rod 403 fixedly connected to the planting plate 1 is arranged on the other side of the flap 4, and a rotating ear 402 rotatably connected to the mounting rod 403 is arranged on the edge of the flap 4, and a torsion spring 404 is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting rod 403 for keeping the flap 4 against the bottom surface of the planting plate 1, to ensure that the flap 4 automatically flips up after the transplanting tube 3 escapes from the planting hole 101, so as to close the planting hole 101.

[0021] As an optional embodiment, the mounting rod 403 is a C-shaped bent rod structure with its opening facing upward, and mounting holes 102 are provided at both ends of the mounting rod 403 on the planting board 1. The ends of the mounting rod 403 extend out of the mounting holes 102 and extend to the top side of the planting board 1, and the ends of the mounting rod 403 are threadedly fitted with mounting nuts 403a to complete the fixing of the mounting rod 403 on the planting board 1.

[0022] Two groups of laterally symmetrically distributed guide plates 6 are arranged below the planting plate 1. The rear ends of the two groups of guide plates 6 are inclined downward, and a downwardly inclined residual material trough 12 is formed between the bottom edges of the two groups of guide plates 6. Clamping rollers 7 are rotatably arranged on the bottom sides of the two groups of guide plates 6. A waste discharge trough 13 is formed between the two groups of clamping rollers 7. The width of the waste discharge trough 13 is smaller than the width of the residual material trough 12. The waste discharge trough 13 is used to accommodate plant roots and discharge downward under the clamping action of the clamping rollers 7. The potato fruits picked downward by the scraping groove 401 fall on the top surface of the guide plate 6. The width of the residual material trough 12 is smaller than the diameter of the picked potato fruits, so as to ensure that the potato fruits will not be crushed by the rotating squeezing action of the two groups of clamping rollers 7.

[0023] In addition, both ends of the guide plate 6 are fixedly connected to a hanger 8, a transmission rod 9 is arranged in front of the hanger 8, and a positioning frame 10 for detachably installing the transmission rod 9 is fixed on the front of the hanger 8. Side rails 5 supporting the hanger 8 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the planting board 1. The side rails 5 are C-shaped groove structures extending laterally and opening outward. The lengths of the side rails 5, the planting board 1 and the box body 2 are equal, so that a corresponding number of boxes 2, planting boards 1 and side rails 5 can be arranged according to the length of the site, so as to form a mist cultivation system connected in a horizontal strip shape, and the front and rear ends of the box body 2 are both openable box doors (not shown in the figure) to facilitate the discharge of potato fruits and roots through the guide plate 6 during potato picking.

[0024] The top of the hanger 8 is rotatably provided with a longitudinally extending axle 802, one end of the axle 802 extending into the inner side rail 5 is provided with a hanging wheel 801, the hanging wheel 801 cooperates with the side rail 5 to support the hanger 8 and the guide plate 6 and the clamping roller 7 below it to move horizontally, and the other end of the axle 802 is provided with a driving gear 802a, the top of the hanger 8 is horizontally extended with a mounting ear 803 for fixing two sets of guide plates 6, the middle of the clamping roller 7 is coaxially fixed with a shaft 701 extending along its length direction, and the bottom sides of both ends of the guide plate 6 are provided with a driving gear 802a. Auxiliary ears 601 are provided to support the rotation of the shaft rod 701. A synchronous gear 702 and a driven gear 703 are fixed to the outer side of the front end of the shaft rod 701. The driven gear 703 is arranged in front of the synchronous gear 702. The synchronous gears 702 of the two sets of shaft rods 701 are meshed with each other to ensure that the two sets of shaft rods 701 can support the two sets of clamping rollers 7 to rotate in opposite directions, so as to ensure that the roots in the waste discharge trough 13 can be discharged downward under the clamping of the clamping rollers 7, and at the same time, the roots are pulled and separated from the potato fruits; A knob 704 is fixed to the front end of the shaft 701, which is convenient for manually rotating the knob 704 to cooperate with the clamping roller 7 to semi-mechanizedly separate the potato fruits and roots. In addition, transmission gears 902 are provided at both ends of the transmission rod 9, and the two sets of transmission gears 902 are respectively meshed with the driving gear 802a and the driven gear 703. When the hanger 8 supports the guide plate 6 and the clamping roller 7 to move horizontally, the hanging wheel 801 is used to drive the wheel shaft 802 to rotate, and the driving gear 802a at the end of the wheel shaft 802 and the transmission gear 902 at the end of the transmission rod 9 are meshed, thereby driving the lower clamping roller 7 to rotate automatically, and the two sets of clamping rollers 7 follow the hanger 8 is automatically rotated during the process of horizontally moving to different positions of the transplanting tube 3, thereby realizing the automatic and fully mechanized separation of potato fruits and roots. The middle section of the transmission rod 9 is provided with two groups of vertically arranged rotating sleeves 901, and the four corners of the positioning frame 10 are provided with detachable clamps 10a for clamping the rotating sleeves 901, ensuring that the transmission rod 9 can be supported and rotated by the rotating sleeves 901, and ensuring that the transmission rod 9 can change its position after the rotating sleeves 901 are separated from the clamps 10a, and then the two groups of clamping rollers 7 can be driven to rotate downward on the adjacent side during the sliding of the hanger 8 to the left and right, that is, the downward clamping and separation function of the clamping rollers 7 on the roots is guaranteed. At the same time, the transmission connection state between the hanging wheel 801 and the clamping roller 7 can be released by removing the rotating sleeve 901 from the clamp 10a, and then the manual rotation and separation action of the clamping roller 7 on the roots can be realized by manually rotating the knob 704.

[0025] A combination hole is longitudinally passed through the middle of the positioning frame 10 and the hanger 8. A handle 11 is arranged on the outer side of the positioning frame 10, and the end of the handle 11 passes through the positioning frame 10 and the hanger 8. The end of the handle 11 is threadedly matched with a positioning nut 11a for keeping the positioning frame 10 and the hanger 8 pressed tightly, so that the positioning frame 10 and the hanger 8 are fixedly connected by the handle 11.

[0026] The method for using the potato aeroponic system comprises the following steps: a. Connect multiple groups of boxes 2 and planting boards 1 in sequence end to end to form a planting channel, so as to arrange the length of the aeroponic system according to the planting site, and set covers (not shown in the figure) at the ends of the boxes 2 at both ends of the aeroponic system to ensure the closedness of the inner cavity of the box 2 as the aeroponic cavity. At the same time, an atomization pipeline for spraying water and nutrient solution is introduced into the aeroponic cavity to ensure the supply of potato growth components in the aeroponic system, and the transplanting tube 3 with potato seedlings after seedling cultivation is transferred to the planting hole 101 of the planting board 1. During the specific operation, the transplanting tube 3 is pressed into the planting hole 101 to use the transplanting tube 3 to press down and flip the flap 4, keep the torsion spring 404 in a compressed state, flip the flap 4 to a position close to the side wall of the transplanting tube 3, and complete the arrangement of the transplanting tube 3; b. When the potato plants in the transplanting tube 3 at a certain position are poorly grown or necrotic and need to be removed, the transplanting tube 3 is pulled out upward to separate it from the planting hole 101. At this time, the flap 4 is reset under the action of the torsion spring 404, that is, the flap 4 rotates to cover the bottom of the planting hole 101 of the planting plate 1, thereby closing the planting hole 101 at the corresponding position, ensuring that the inner cavity of the aeroponic system is in a closed state to prevent the leakage of the internal atomized water and nutrients; c. During the growth process, the potato roots extend along the bottom of the transplanting tube 3 to the middle of the box body 2. When the potatoes grow to the picking state, the operating handle 11 moves the supporting mechanism composed of the two sets of guide plates 6 to the picking position, and then the transplanting tube 3 is pulled out from the planting plate 1 upward. During this process, when the bottom of the transplanting tube 3 gradually separates from the flap 4, the flap 4 is reset upward under the action of the torsion spring 404, and at the same time, the potato roots and the fruits attached to the roots are separated by the comb-shaped scraping groove 401, and the fruits are blocked from falling downward, and the roots pass through the scraping groove 401 to get out of the planting plate 1 upward; d. The roots that are broken by the upward pulling action of the transplanting tube 3 fall down onto the guide plate 6 along with the fruits. At the same time, the blade 401a inside the scraping groove 401 cuts off the roots that cannot be pulled off or cannot pass through the scraping groove 401. The transplanting tube 3 that is taken out upward is sent to the seedling raising area for reuse. e. The fruits and roots that have fallen on the guide plate 6 are gradually gathered. When the guide plate 6 and the rock side rail 5 are supported by the hanger 8 to move horizontally, the two sets of clamping rollers 7 are supported to rotate in opposite directions by the rotation of the hanging wheel 801 and the meshing action of the synchronous gear 702. The potato roots that extend into the waste discharge trough 13 are clamped downward by the clamping rollers 7 and discharged. The fruits are separated from the roots while the roots are pulled downward by the clamping rollers 7. At the same time, the potato fruits supported on the top of the residual material trough 12 are rolled backward along the guide plate 6 that is tilted backward and discharged.

[0027] A flap 4 is provided corresponding to the planting hole 101 and can be turned downward under pressure and reset upward. When the transplanting tube 3 is inserted into the planting hole 101, the flap 4 is pressed down to automatically open the planting hole 101 passage. After the transplanting tube 3 is taken out, the flap 4 is supported by the torsion spring 404 to reset the planting hole 101, and the planting hole 101 is closed synchronously to prevent the loss of atomized water and nutrient solution in the box 2. There is no need to manually fill the planting hole 101 with a plug, and the operation is more convenient. In addition, after the potato root system and fruits are ripe, the transplanting tube 3 is directly pulled out upwards, and the potato fruits and roots are separated by the scraping groove 401 under the reset action of the flap 4, thereby realizing the first automatic picking process of the potato fruits; The roots that cannot pass through the scraping groove 401 are cut by the inner blade 401a of the flap 4, and the cut roots fall to the top side of the guide plate 6 together with the potato fruits. The two sets of clamping rollers 7 rotate in opposite directions to clamp the roots gathered on the guide plate 6 and transport them downward. The two sets of guide plates 6 support the potato fruits to achieve a second picking and separation action from the roots, and the picked and separated potato fruits are discharged along the guide plate 6 tilted downward at the rear end, completing the separation process of the roots and fruits.

[0028] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A potato aeroponic system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a planting plate (1), a box body (2) and a transplanting tube (3), wherein the box body (2) is a transversely through-going groove-shaped structure, the planting plate (1) is fixed to the top opening of the box body (2), the planting plate (1) is vertically through-going with a plurality of groups of planting holes (101) for accommodating the transplanting tube (3), and a flap (4) for closing the planting holes (101) is provided at the bottom of the planting plate (1); One side of the flap (4) is provided with a plurality of scraping grooves (401) distributed in a comb-tooth shape, and a blade portion (401a) is provided on the inner side of the scraping groove (401); the other side of the flap (4) is provided with a mounting rod (403) fixedly connected to the planting plate (1); the edge of the flap (4) is provided with a rotating ear (402) rotatably connected to the mounting rod (403); and the outer side of the mounting rod (403) is provided with a torsion spring (404) for keeping the flap (4) pressed against the bottom surface of the planting plate (1).

2. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting rod (403) is a C-shaped bent rod structure with an opening facing upwards. Mounting holes (102) are provided on the planting board (1) at both ends corresponding to the mounting rod (403). The ends of the mounting rod (403) extend out of the mounting holes (102) and extend to the top side of the planting board (1). The ends of the mounting rod (403) are threadedly matched with mounting nuts (403a).

3. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of guide plates (6) are arranged below the planting plate (1) and are symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction. The rear ends of the two groups of guide plates (6) are inclined downward, and a downward inclined residual material trough (12) is formed between the bottom edges of the two groups of guide plates (6). Clamping rollers (7) are rotatably arranged on the bottom sides of the two groups of guide plates (6), and a waste discharge trough (13) is formed between the two groups of clamping rollers (7). The width of the waste discharge trough (13) is smaller than the width of the residual material trough (12).

4. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the guide plate (6) are fixedly connected to a hanger (8), a transmission rod (9) is arranged in front of the hanger (8), and a positioning frame (10) for detachably mounting the transmission rod (9) is fixed on the front of the hanger (8), and side rails (5) for supporting the hanger (8) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the planting plate (1).

5. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side rail (5) is a C-shaped groove structure extending laterally and opening outward, and the side rail (5), the planting board (1) and the box body (2) are all of equal length.

6. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A longitudinally extending axle (802) is rotatably provided at the top of the hanger (8); one end of the axle (802) extending into the side rail (5) is provided with a hanging wheel (801); the other end of the axle (802) is provided with a driving gear (802a); and mounting ears (803) for fixing two groups of guide plates (6) are extended transversely from the top of the hanger (8).

7. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shaft (701) extending in the length direction is coaxially fixed to the middle of the clamping roller (7), and auxiliary ears (601) supporting the rotation of the shaft (701) are arranged on the bottom sides of both ends of the guide plate (6). A synchronous gear (702) and a driven gear (703) are fixed to the outside of the front end of the shaft (701), and the driven gear (703) is arranged in front of the synchronous gear (702). The synchronous gears (702) of the two groups of shafts (701) are meshed with each other.

8. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A knob (704) is fixed to the front end of the shaft (701), and transmission gears (902) are provided at both ends of the transmission rod (9), and two sets of the transmission gears (902) are respectively meshed with the driving gear (802a) and the driven gear (703).

9. A potato aeroponic system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The middle section of the transmission rod (9) is rotatably provided with two groups of vertically arranged rotating sleeves (901); the four corners of the positioning frame (10) are provided with clamps (10a) for detachably clamping the rotating sleeves (901); the positioning frame (10) and the middle of the hanger (8) are longitudinally penetrated by a combination hole; the outer side of the positioning frame (10) is provided with a handle (11) whose end passes through the positioning frame (10) and the hanger (8); the end of the handle (11) is threadedly matched with a positioning nut (11a) for keeping the positioning frame (10) and the hanger (8) pressed tightly.

10. The method for using the potato aeroponic system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. connecting a plurality of boxes (2) and planting plates (1) end to end in sequence to form a planting channel, so as to arrange the length of the aeroponic system according to the planting site, and transferring the transplanting tube (3) containing potato seedlings after seedling cultivation into the planting hole (101) of the planting plate (1). In the specific operation, the transplanting tube (3) is pressed into the planting hole (101), and the flap (4) is pressed down and flipped by the transplanting tube (3), and the torsion spring (404) is kept in a compressed state, and the flap (4) is flipped to a position close to the side wall of the transplanting tube (3), so as to complete the arrangement of the transplanting tube (3); b. When the potato plants in a transplanting tube (3) at a certain position are poorly grown or necrotic and need to be removed, the transplanting tube (3) is pulled out upward to separate it from the planting hole (101). At this time, the flap (4) is reset under the action of the torsion spring (404), that is, the flap (4) rotates to cover the bottom of the planting hole (101) of the planting plate (1), thereby closing the planting hole (101) at the corresponding position, ensuring that the inner cavity of the aeroponic system is in a closed state, preventing the leakage of the internal atomized water and nutrients; c. During the growth process, the potato roots extend along the bottom of the transplanting tube (3) to the middle of the box body (2). When the potatoes grow to a picking state, the operating handle (11) moves the supporting mechanism composed of the two sets of guide plates (6) to the picking position, and then the transplanting tube (3) is pulled upward from the planting plate (1). During this process, when the bottom of the transplanting tube (3) gradually separates from the flap (4), the flap (4) is reset upward under the action of the torsion spring (404), and at the same time, the potato roots and the fruits attached to the roots are separated by the comb-shaped scraping groove (401), and the fruits are blocked from falling downward, and the roots pass through the scraping groove (401) and escape from the planting plate (1) upward; d. The roots that are broken off due to the upward pulling action of the transplanting tube (3) also fall downward onto the guide plate (6) along with the fruit, and at the same time, the blade (401a) inside the scraping groove (401) cuts off the roots that cannot be pulled off or cannot pass through the scraping groove (401), and the transplanting tube (3) that is taken out upward is sent to the seedling raising area for reuse; e. The fruits and roots that have fallen on the guide plate (6) are gradually gathered. When the guide plate (6) and the rock side rail (5) are supported by the hanger (8) to move horizontally, the rotation of the hanger wheel (801) and the meshing of the synchronous gear (702) are utilized, and the transmission rod (9) is used to support the two sets of clamping rollers (7) to rotate in opposite directions. The potato roots that have extended into the waste discharge trough (13) are clamped downwards by the clamping rollers (7) and discharged. The fruits are separated from the roots while the roots are pulled downwards by the clamping rollers (7). At the same time, the potato fruits supported on the upper side of the residual material trough (12) are rolled backwards along the guide plate (6) that is tilted backwards and discharged.

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