Preparation method of feed for ruminants

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a feed for ruminants, and relates to the technical field of feed production, bighead atractylodes rhizome, Chinese angelica, ligusticum wallichii, hawthorn and jujube are taken as base materials, rhodiola rosea, acanthopanax, medicated leaven, herba epimedii, cistanche and morinda officinalis are taken as auxiliary materials, and honey, tetrapanax papyriferus, cassia twig and cowherb seed are taken as synergistic materials. Cooking the base material, dissolving out effective components, and adding triethanolamine to obtain a first mixture; cooking the base material, dissolving out effective components, and adding triethanolamine to obtain a first mixture; mixing auxiliary materials with glyceryl monostearate octadecanol, heating and stirring to obtain a second mixture; grinding synergistic materials of ricepaperplant pith and cassia twig, adding cowherb seed and honey, and co-melting and mixing to obtain a third mixture; the ruminant feed is obtained by adding a first mixture, a second mixture and a third mixture into a fermentation substrate and processing in a multi-layer wrapping manner, and the problem that the acid-base balance is difficult to control when traditional Chinese medicine plants are mixed into the feed is expected to be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to feed production technology, and in particular to a method for preparing feed for ruminants. Background Art

[0002] Traditional ruminant feeds have certain limitations in terms of nutrients and digestion and absorption. Based on the eating characteristics of ruminants, in addition to traditional feeds, biological feeds need to be regularly fed to assist the growth of ruminants. Biological feeds are usually fed regularly in the form of fermented feeds, which stimulate a variety of beneficial metabolites to improve the feed utilization efficiency of ruminants, improve feed palatability, and maintain the balance of intestinal flora and intestinal health of animals. Generally speaking, ruminants have rumens and abomasums (digestive stomachs). In the non-feeding stage, the rumens and abomasums are anaerobic environments. However, during the gas exchange process of ruminant food itself, limited oxygen will enter the rumen and be quickly consumed by microorganisms in the rumen. However, during the eating process, the oxygen concentration inside the rumen is usually maintained at a micro-oxygen environment of 0.1% to 0.5%.

[0003] Considering that fermented feed mainly uses animal and plant by-products as fermentation substrates, and based on microbial metabolic activities, the nutrients of conventional feed are converted into small molecular components, and the conversion efficiency of nutrients is improved through a variety of microbial metabolites. At present, there are two main types of breeding processes: on the one hand, based on traditional breeding technology, Chinese herbal medicines are added to fermented feed through modern detection and analysis methods to improve the growth rate and production performance of ruminants. However, the mixing of Chinese herbal plant ingredients into fermented feed as additives is limited by the changes in the chewing time of ruminants, which may sometimes cause acid-base loss of control in the rumen of some ruminants, and may even cause acidosis risks, thereby affecting the growth cycle of ruminants. On the other hand, based on the biological digestive system itself, modern beneficial bacteria are added to fermented feed to assist in improving the physiological adaptability of animals. By inoculating probiotics and fermenting them in the animal rumen, nutrients that are beneficial to animal feeding and absorption are obtained. However, due to the feeding characteristics of ruminants, the amount of probiotics added is difficult to control. Too many probiotics may cause an imbalance in the flora in the animal, while too few probiotics may not achieve the expected effect. The survival rate of probiotics is also affected by many factors, such as temperature and humidity during feed processing, which may reduce the survival rate of probiotics in feed and even increase the discomfort of ruminants. Therefore, it is worth studying how to prepare a feed that can meet the nutritional needs of ruminants and control the microbial balance well. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the problems pointed out in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for preparing feed for ruminants, hoping to improve the problem that it is difficult to control the acid-base balance by mixing Chinese medicinal plants into feed.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention also provide a layered arrangement of Chinese medicinal plant feed, utilizing the synergistic effects of different bacterial species and the rumen and abomasum environments of ruminants, in the hope of improving the control of the bacterial flora of Chinese medicinal plants as additives during feed fermentation.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for preparing feed for ruminants, comprising the following steps: according to weight, taking 4-7 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 3-6 parts of Angelica sinensis, 3-6 parts of Chuanxiong, 5-11 parts of Hawthorn, and 3-9 parts of jujube as base materials, taking 1-3 parts of Rhodiola rosea, 2-3 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 1-3 parts of Shenqu, 1-2 parts of Epimedium, 1-2 parts of Cistanche deserticola, and 1-2 parts of Morinda officinalis as auxiliary materials, obtaining 3-10 parts of honey, 2-6 parts of Tongcao , 1-2 parts of cinnamon twig, and 2-10 parts of fenugreek as synergistic materials; the base material is steamed to dissolve the effective ingredients and triethanolamine is added to obtain a first mixture; the auxiliary materials are mixed with glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol and heated and stirred to obtain a second mixture; the synergistic materials of tongcao and cinnamon twig are crushed and fenugreek and honey are added to obtain a third mixture through blending; the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are added to the fermentation substrate and processed in a multi-layer packaging manner to obtain ruminant feed.

[0007] Preferably, by weight, 5-7 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 4-5 parts of Angelica sinensis, 4-6 parts of Ligusticum chuanxiong, 6-9 parts of Hawthorn, and 3-6 parts of jujube are taken as the base materials, 1-3 parts of Rhodiola rosea, 2-3 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 1-3 parts of Shenqu, 1-2 parts of Epimedium, 1-2 parts of Cistanche deserticola, and 1-2 parts of Morinda officinalis are taken as auxiliary materials, and 6-10 parts of honey, 4-6 parts of Tongcao, 1-2 parts of cinnamon twig, and 4-10 parts of Vaccaria segetalis are taken as synergistic materials.

[0008] Preferably, the first mixture is used as a dissolving substance, the second mixture is in a paste form, and the third mixture is a fluid. Among them, hawthorn and jujube are taken from the base material and crushed into a modulated powder less than 1 mm; the remaining base material is put into warm water for steaming and dissolving the effective ingredients to obtain a raw material liquid; the raw material liquid is mixed with preheated triethanolamine and stirred evenly, and the modulated powder is added to obtain the first mixture. Among them, Rhodiola rosea, Acanthopanax senticosus, Shenqu, Epimedium, Cistanche deserticola, Morinda officinalis are taken from the auxiliary materials and mixed with glyceryl monostearate octadecanoate and stirred at a temperature of 60 to 80 degrees Celsius and a stirring speed of 100 to 300rpm to obtain the second mixture.

[0009] Preferably, the amount of the glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol is between 1.3 and 1.5 times the total amount of the auxiliary materials, and the temperature of the second mixture is lowered and maintained at 45° C. after heating and stirring.

[0010] Preferably, when the base material is steamed, the amount of triethanolamine used is 2% to 3% of the total mass of the base material, the water-to-material ratio of the base material is 1:8, the steaming temperature is greater than or equal to 90°C, and the steaming time is greater than or equal to one hour.

[0011] Preferably, the ruminant feed is divided into a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer from the inside to the outside; wherein the bottom layer is obtained by adding anaerobic bacteria to the third mixture, mixing the anaerobic bacteria and the third mixture in a ratio of 1:3 and evenly coating the mixture on the surface of the fermentation substrate; wherein the middle layer is obtained by adding fiber-decomposing bacteria to the second mixture, mixing the fiber-decomposing bacteria with the second mixture in a ratio of 1:4 and evenly applying the mixture on the bottom layer; wherein the surface layer is obtained by mixing and stirring the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a ratio of 3:2:3 to obtain the reagent to be formed, and mixing the lactic acid bacteria powder with the reagent to be formed in a ratio of 1:8 and coating the mixture on the middle layer.

[0012] Preferably, the fermentation substrate is sprayed corn husk, and the ruminant feed is pelletized feed.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the bottom layer is 1.5-2.0 mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom layer is 2.0 mm, the middle layer is 1.8 mm, and the surface layer is 1.2 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the anaerobic bacteria include one or more of proteolytic bacteria, yellow fiber decomposing bacteria, Bacteroides, starch decomposing bacteria, and Micrococcus prausnitzii.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a method for preparing ruminant feed. The method enriches the nutritional components of the feed by combining specific Chinese medicinal materials with modern fermentation technology, and at the same time effectively improves the conversion efficiency of the nutritional components of the feed by utilizing the auxiliary relationship of the ingredients, while improving the palatability of the feed and maintaining the balance of the intestinal flora and intestinal health of the animal.

[0018] The ruminant feed of the present invention is divided into a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer from the inside to the outside. The layers are able to interact with each other during the fermentation process through independent microbial structures to form a stable microbial ecosystem. The lactic acid bacteria powder is activated under the action of saliva to generate precursor lactic acid to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. After entering the rumen, it consumes oxygen to maintain an acidic environment, waits for the release of fiber-decomposing bacteria, and uses the conditions provided by the lactic acid bacteria powder to decompose fiber, produce volatile fatty acids, regulate carbon and nitrogen metabolism and inhibit methane. The fiber-decomposing bacteria also decompose oligosaccharides, promote the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria powder, and form a positive feedback loop. The second mixture in the middle layer contains glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol, which can also serve as a sustained-release carrier to support the continuous action of fiber-decomposing bacteria.

[0019] When digesting ruminant feed, the animal's secondary chewing characteristics are used to promote the distribution of microorganisms, allowing the microorganisms to come into contact with the fermentation base material. Under the action of anaerobic bacteria, the excessive production of lactic acid is inhibited, and the fiber and sugar metabolism in the rumen produces volatile fatty acids for complete digestion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. in a certain working state. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be an electrical signal connection or a signal connection; it can also be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] If there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0023] First embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing feed for ruminants, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S100, select materials, take base materials: 40g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 30g of Angelica sinensis, 30g of Chuanxiong, 50g of Hawthorn, 30g of Jujube. Take auxiliary materials: 10g of Rhodiola rosea, 20g of Acanthopanax senticosus, 10g of Shenqu, 10g of Epimedium, 10g of Cistanche deserticola, 10g of Morinda officinalis. Take synergistic materials: 30g of honey, 20g of Tongcao, 10g of Cinnamon twig, 20g of Vaccaria segetalis.

[0025] From the selection of Chinese medicinal plants, there is a synergistic effect among the formulas. Atractylodes macrocephala, jujube, hawthorn and Shenqu can complement each other to improve the digestion and absorption of ruminants, while botanicals such as Acanthopanax senticosus, Rhodiola rosea and Angelica sinensis help enhance the disease resistance of animals. Plants such as Epimedium, Morinda officinalis and Cistanche deserticola help increase the growth rate and reproductive capacity of animals. Honey and Shenqu mainly provide beneficial nutrients for lactic acid bacteria and promote the growth of probiotics.

[0026] S200, according to the water-to-material ratio of 1:8, the base material is put into clean water and cooked at 90°C for 60 minutes, and then 5g of triethanolamine is added and stirred. For uniform stirring, the cooking temperature is adjusted to 70°C and the stirring time is maintained for 15 minutes to obtain a first mixture.

[0027] It should be noted that there are many polar solvents on the market, but considering that the sugars, amino acids and vitamins in jujube and hawthorn are water-soluble, the use of triethanolamine will achieve a better dissolution effect. The base material needs to reduce excessive damage to the active ingredients during the dissolution process. Therefore, triethanolamine is used as a solvent. In addition to polar dissolution, triethanolamine can also maintain surface activity and function under mild conditions, reduce the impact on pH value, and enhance the contact between the solvent and the medicinal material. This allows the first mixture to ensure a sufficient amount of comprehensive effective substances, laying the foundation for the subsequent addition of excipients and synergistic materials.

[0028] S300, heating 100 g of glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol until it is melted, then adding 70 g of auxiliary materials to the glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol and stirring, and after stirring evenly, cooling to 45° C. to obtain a second mixture.

[0029] Among them, when executing S300, octadecyl monostearate has an emulsifying effect, which can help ingredients with different solubility, especially fat-soluble ingredients and water-soluble ingredients. The auxiliary materials contain Rhodiola rosea, Acanthopanax senticosus, Shenqu, Epimedium, Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis, in order to be evenly dispersed in the solution, it can prevent stratification between the ingredients. Compared with the glyceryl monostearate used in traditional feed processing, octadecyl monostearate is safer and is not easy to cause allergic reactions in ruminants. Considering that the additives are mainly traditional Chinese medicine, mildness and safety are the main considerations for non-traditional Chinese medicine substances.

[0030] S400, crushing the synergistic materials of Tongcao and Guizhi into 300 meshes, adding powder of Vaccaria segetalis and honey, and obtaining a third mixture by blending.

[0031] Among them, when executing S400, the tongcao and cinnamon twig are crushed to 300 mesh and mixed, which can ensure the diuretic and collateral-clearing effects of tongcao without causing too much cold stimulation, which is beneficial to enhance the ruminant's body temperature regulation and blood circulation in a cold environment, and avoid the negative impact of tongcao on the physiology of the ruminant. The Chinese medicine properties of cinnamon twig, which warm the yang, dispel cold, and promote blood circulation, are utilized. After mixing cinnamon twig with tongcao, the coldness of tongcao is improved.

[0032] S500, adding the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture into a fermentation substrate and processing them in a multi-layer wrapping manner to obtain a ruminant feed.

[0033] When S500 is executed, the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all mixed into the fermentation substrate, and the mixing ratio of the first mixture, the second mixture, the third mixture and the fermentation substrate is 5:2:1:10. That is, for every 10g of the fermentation substrate, 5g of the first mixture, 2g of the second mixture and 1g of the third mixture are mixed.

[0034] Explanatory, the first mixture mainly contains the dissolution of Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica sinensis, Chuanxiong, Hawthorn and jujube, and the ingredients of the base material can be dissolved into the liquid by steaming. The above-mentioned first mixture is a dissolving substance, the second mixture is in a paste state, and the third mixture is a fluid. Considering that Atractylodes macrocephala and Angelica sinensis contain volatile oils, starch, phenols, as well as Chuanxiongzine in Chuanxiong, flavonoids and organic acids in Hawthorn, sugars, amino acids, and vitamins in jujube need to be better dissolved in the first mixture through dissolution. In the dissolution process, triethanolamine is added to promote the dissolution process. On the one hand, triethanolamine, as a polar solvent, can use hydrophilicity and lipophilicity to help dissolve compounds with different polarities, especially the volatile oil components in Atractylodes macrocephala are fat-soluble, while the phenolic compounds in Angelica sinensis have a certain polarity. Triethanolamine can interact with these components through its own molecular structure, thereby effectively dissolving these components in the solution. Among them, honey can play a certain role as a natural preservative and improve the palatability of feed, and its fenugreek is mainly used to promote the circulation of base material and body fluid metabolism.

[0035] On the one hand, the carbohydrates and essential oils provided by Atractylodes macrocephala in the base material work synergistically with the blood-enriching components of Angelica sinensis to enhance the function of the immune system. The flavonoids and organic acids of Hawthorn assist digestion and metabolism, combined with the ligustrazine in Chuanxiong to improve blood flow, so that the sugar, amino acid and vitamin supplements of jujube can provide better nutritional supplements for ruminants.

[0036] On one hand, auxiliary materials mainly provide adaptogens and digestive enzymes. A small amount of Rhodiola rosea can improve the adrenal glands, while Acanthopanax senticosus assists adrenal function. Combining Shenqu with Epimedium, Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis can promote the reproductive function and stress resistance of ruminants.

[0037] Second embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention is that this embodiment mainly adjusts the raw material parameters; in step S100, take the base material: 50g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 40g of Angelica sinensis, 40g of Chuanxiong, 60g of Hawthorn, and 30g of jujube. Take the auxiliary materials: 10g of Rhodiola rosea, 20g of Acanthopanax senticosus, 10g of Shenqu, 10g of Epimedium, 10g of Cistanche deserticola, and 10g of Morinda officinalis. Take the synergistic materials: 60g of honey, 40g of Tongcao, 10g of Cinnamon twig, and 40g of Vaccaria segetalis. In step S200, maintain the same cooking conditions as the previous embodiment, and only adjust the mixing method, that is, take Hawthorn and jujube from the base material and crush them into a modulated powder less than 1 mm; put the remaining base material into warm water for cooking and dissolve the effective ingredients to obtain a raw material liquid; mix the raw material liquid into preheated triethanolamine and stir evenly, and add the modulated powder to obtain a first mixture.

[0038] Among them, the amount of preheated triethanolamine is 2% to 3% of the total mass of the base material. The contact area of ​​the effective ingredients of hawthorn and jujube is increased by crushing the hawthorn and jujube. First, a certain degree of dissolution is carried out through the remaining base material, and then triethanolamine is used to promote it. Finally, the powder is prepared to increase the contact between the materials and improve the extraction efficiency.

[0039] In step S300, stirring is performed in the following manner: Rhodiola rosea, Acanthopanax senticosus, Shenqu, Epimedium, Cistanche deserticola, Morinda officinalis are taken from the auxiliary materials and mixed with glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol, and stirred at a temperature of 60 to 70 degrees Celsius and a stirring speed of 100 to 300 rpm to obtain a second mixture.

[0040] Wherein, in order to better mix auxiliary material with glyceryl monostearate octadecanol, the consumption of glyceryl monostearate octadecanol of the present embodiment is 1.3 times of auxiliary material total amount, the temperature range of heating and stirring selects the temperature interval of 60-70 DEG C, under this temperature condition, on the one hand, reach the melting point lower limit of glyceryl monostearate octadecanol, ensure that glyceryl monostearate octadecanol can melt, and ensure that the upper temperature limit of temperature 70 ° will not cause the degradation of heat-sensitive active ingredients in herbs such as Rhodiola rosea and Epimedium.In the whole heating and stirring process, it can be ensured that enough heat is effectively extracted active ingredients, and it can be ensured that its stability is maintained.Objectively, the mode of heating and stirring can provide good fluidity in the mixing process, while minimizing oxidation risk to the greatest extent.

[0041] Among them, the setting condition of the stirring speed of 100 to 300 rpm is based on a staged heating and stirring process. Specifically: the initial melting stage is carried out at a stirring speed of 150-180 rpm to ensure that glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol is fully melted. When the auxiliary materials are added, the stirring speed is 180-220 rpm. Sufficient dispersing force is provided by sufficient stirring speed. When the auxiliary materials are stirred evenly, the stirring speed is adjusted to 220-300 rpm to ensure uniform mixing. Finally, the stirring speed is gradually reduced to 150 rpm in the cooling stage to prevent the viscosity from increasing due to cooling.

[0042] The synergistic materials of Tongcao and Guizhi are crushed and added with Vaccaria segetalis and honey, and the third mixture is obtained by blending and mixing; the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are added to the fermentation substrate and processed by a multi-layer wrapping method to obtain ruminant feed. The addition ratio of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture to the fermentation substrate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0043] The third embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention is, based on palatability considerations, this embodiment mainly adjusts the raw material parameters: take 70g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 50g of Angelica sinensis, 60g of Ligusticum chuanxiong, 90g of Crataegus pinnatifida, and 60g of jujube as base materials, take 30g of Rhodiola rosea, 30g of Acanthopanax senticosus, 30g of Shenqu, 20g of Epimedium, 20g of Cistanche deserticola, and 20g of Morinda officinalis as auxiliary materials, and obtain 100g of honey, 60g of Tongcao, 20g of cinnamon twig, and 100g of Vaccaria segetalis as synergistic materials. The base material is boiled to dissolve the effective ingredients and triethanolamine is added to obtain a first mixture; the auxiliary material is mixed with glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol and heated and stirred to obtain a second mixture; the amount of the above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol is 1.5 times the total amount of the auxiliary material, the synergistic materials of tongcao and cassia twig are crushed and fenugreek and honey are added, and the third mixture is obtained by blending and mixing; the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are added to the fermentation substrate and processed in the same multi-layer wrapping manner as the previous embodiment to obtain ruminant feed.

[0044] The fourth embodiment is an optimization of the multi-layer packaging solution based on the above-mentioned embodiment. The ruminant feed is divided into a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer from the inside to the outside.

[0045] The bottom layer is obtained by adding anaerobic bacteria to the third mixture, mixing the anaerobic bacteria and the third mixture in a ratio of 1:3 and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the fermentation substrate. In the anaerobic environment of the abomasum, the anaerobic bacteria decompose the residual complex fibers and plant cell wall components, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, and at the same time, the anaerobic bacteria regulate protein hydrolysis and amino acid synthesis, promote the absorption of Chinese medicine substances and fermented substances in the small intestine, and thus improve the digestibility of feed.

[0046] The middle layer is obtained by adding fiber-decomposing bacteria to the second mixture, mixing the fiber-decomposing bacteria with the second mixture in a ratio of 1:4 and evenly applying the mixture on the bottom layer.

[0047] The main function of the fiber-decomposing bacteria in the middle layer is to decompose the fiber in the feed and regulate the balance of microorganisms. The second mixture is in the form of a paste and contains Chinese medicinal ingredients such as Rhodiola rosea and Acanthopanax senticosus, which help to improve animal immunity and digestion. At the same time, the second mixture contains octadecyl monostearate, which makes the second mixture have good adhesion and stability and is suitable as a carrier for fiber-decomposing bacteria. The paste structure of the second mixture can provide better protection for the fiber-decomposing bacteria, so that the middle layer can be slowly released after reaching the rumen, avoiding bloating problems caused by too rapid reaction.

[0048] Among them, the surface layer is obtained by mixing and stirring the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a ratio of 3:2:3 to obtain the reagent to be formed, and the lactic acid bacteria powder and the reagent to be formed are mixed in a ratio of 1:8 and coated on the middle layer.

[0049] Since the first mixture is in a dissolved state and contains Chinese medicinal ingredients such as Atractylodes macrocephala and Angelica sinensis, which mainly provide nutrients and medicinal ingredients, a higher proportion is required in the biological reaction. The second mixture is in a paste state and can provide good adhesion. Its dosage is usually moderate to avoid affecting subsequent processing. The third mixture is in a fluid state and contains ingredients such as honey to improve the taste and palatability of the feed. The mixed lactic acid bacteria powder, as a surface bacteria species, can quickly consume trace oxygen and create a suitable weakly acidic environment after the feed enters the rumen. The reagent to be formed can be used as a carrier to evenly wrap the lactic acid bacteria powder and form a stable surface structure. The first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are mixed in a ratio of 3:2:3, which can ensure sufficient effective ingredients of the base material and have a suitable consistency to ensure good mixing with the lactic acid bacteria powder, and is suitable for coating on the middle layer,

[0050] It should be noted that too high a concentration of lactic acid bacteria powder will lead to excessive lactic acid production in the rumen of ruminants, which may destroy the microbial balance in the rumen. Therefore, the mixing ratio of lactic acid bacteria powder to the molding reagent is selected to be 1:8. This allows the lactic acid bacteria to be effectively activated under the action of saliva, but will not over-proliferate and cause acidosis or flatulence problems.

[0051] Furthermore, the fermentation substrate is sprayed corn husks, and the ruminant feed is granular feed. From the perspective of microorganisms, the sprayed corn husks are used as the fermentation substrate and the bottom layer is prepared.

[0052] Furthermore, the thickness of the bottom layer is 1.5-2.0 mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0053] Furthermore, anaerobic bacteria include protein decomposing bacteria, yellow fiber decomposing bacteria, Bacteroidetes, amylolytic bacteria, and Micrococcus prausnitzii.

[0054] Among them, the proportion of protein-decomposing bacteria added is 28%, which is mainly responsible for decomposing protein in feed. The proportion of yellow fiber-decomposing bacteria added is 18%, which promotes ruminants to better digest the fiber components of plant cell walls. The proportion of Bacteroidetes added is 21%, which is used to decompose various complex carbohydrates and promote the decomposition of cellulose. The proportion of starch-decomposing bacteria added is 20%, which is used to decompose starch substances in feed. The proportion of Micrococcus Provostani added is 13%, which helps to decompose carbohydrates and proteins and promote the overall digestion efficiency of ruminants.

[0055] For reference, when ruminants eat ruminant feed, the lactic acid bacteria powder on the surface is activated by saliva and fermented to produce precursor lactic acid, which initially inhibits pathogenic bacteria (such as Salmonella). When the feed enters the rumen, the lactic acid bacteria powder on the surface begins to react to consume weak oxygen and maintain the weak acid environment of the rumen. Over time, under the infiltration of saliva, the fiber-decomposing bacteria in the middle layer begin to be gradually released, because the lactic acid bacteria powder provides suitable reaction conditions for the fiber-decomposing bacteria. Under the action of fiber-decomposing bacteria, the fiber is decomposed in the rumen and volatile fatty acids are produced, while methane production is inhibited by regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. At the same time, the fiber-decomposing bacteria decompose the oligosaccharides in the surface layer (derived from hawthorn and jujube in the first mixture) in the rumen, which again promotes the continuous proliferation of lactic acid bacteria in the lactic acid bacteria powder, forming a positive feedback loop.

[0056] It is worth noting that the lactic acid bacteria powder is only added to the surface layer, so that the proportion of lactic acid bacteria in the total bacteria is easy to control, avoiding excessive acid production of lactic acid bacteria leading to rumen over-acidification. Since the middle layer is combined with the second mixture containing glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol, the second mixture can serve as a slow-release carrier structure to support the continuous action of fiber-decomposing bacteria.

[0057] For reference, when ruminants vomit rumen feed from the rumen and chew it again, the chewing action can promote the distribution of microorganisms in the bottom layer. When the rumen feed enters the abomasum for absorption, the microorganisms can fully contact the fermentation base (sprayed corn husks), and the nutrients such as fiber and sugar can be reproduced and metabolized under the action of anaerobic bacteria. On the one hand, beneficial metabolites such as volatile fatty acids can be produced and provide energy and nutritional support for ruminants. On the other hand, the release of anaerobic bacteria can inhibit the production rate of lactic acid and maintain a proper acidic environment to promote the stable digestion of protein and other nutrients. That is, fiber-decomposing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria powder synergistically ferment in the rumen to optimize the production of volatile fatty acids, while anaerobic bacteria can ensure the integrity of the latter digestion in the abomasum. Objectively optimize the lactic acid bacteria content produced by ruminants in the rumen and improve the digestibility and utilization of feed.

[0058] The fifth embodiment is an experimental example. In order to explore the feeding effect of the feed itself, the following experimental groups are set. Each experimental group selects healthy ruminants as breeding objects, and at least each experimental group is not less than 20 heads to ensure the representativeness and statistical reliability of the feeding effect. The experimental groups set are as follows:

[0059] Experimental Group Feed type Experimental Group 1 Example 1 Common structure feed prepared by components Experimental Group 2 Example 2 Common structure feed prepared by components Experimental Group 3 Example 3 Common structure feed prepared by components Experimental Group 4 Example 1 Multilayer structure feed prepared by components Experimental Group 5 Example 2 Multilayer structure feed prepared by components Experimental Group 6 Example 3 Multilayer structure feed prepared by components Control group Feeding conventional ruminant diets

[0060] Considering the growth cycle and reaction time of ruminants, the feeding cycle of all experimental groups was set at more than 2 months, so that the ruminants could fully adapt to the feed and have enough time to observe growth, immune response and other indicators. The feeding method adopted daily fixed-time quantitative feeding, and the amount of feed intake of each experimental group was controlled to be the same every day. The ruminants were fed under the condition of temperature and humidity controlled at 25±2°C, and the humidity was maintained at 45% to 50%.

[0061] The observed experimental indicators include weight changes, weight gain rate, feed conversion rate, serum immune indicators, and fecal flora sequencing.

[0062] Among them, weight changes were measured once a week and the weight gain rate was recorded.

[0063] Among them, feed conversion rate calculates the weight gain per unit of feed consumed.

[0064] Among them, serum immune indicators are measured by blood sampling every two weeks to test immunoglobulin concentration and white blood cell count.

[0065] Among them, fecal microbiota sequencing analyzes the microbial communities in fecal samples through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

[0066] The results were analyzed using SPSS data, and the ANOVA test was used to compare the groups to verify the differences between the different feed groups. The conclusions are as follows:

[0067] Weight change and growth performance data of the experimental group:

[0068] Experimental Group Feed type Initial body weight (kg) Final body weight (kg) Weight gain rate (kg / day) Feed conversion rate (kg feed / kg weight gain) Experimental Group 1 Example 1 Common structure feed 268.5±12.4 320.7±15.2 0.87±0.06 5.48±0.24 Experimental Group 2 Example 2 Common structure feed 270.2±11.8 325.3±14.6 0.92±0.07 5.30±0.22 Experimental Group 3 Example 3 Common structure feed 267.9±13.1 326.8±16.3 0.98±0.08 5.15±0.25 Experimental Group 4 Example 1 Multilayer structure feed 269.3±12.6 325.8±14.9 0.94±0.05 5.21±0.20 Experimental Group 5 Example 2 Multilayer structure feed 271.4±11.5 332.1±15.8 1.01±0.06 5.05±0.18 Experimental Group 6 Example 3 Multilayer structure feed 270.6±12.9 335.7±15.5 1.09±0.07 4.85±0.16 Control group Traditional ruminant feed 269.8±12.2 302.3±14.1 0.54±0.05 6.82±0.28

[0069] Serum immune indicators of the experimental group:

[0070] Experimental Group Feed type IgG (g / L) IgA (g / L) IgM (g / L) <![CDATA[White blood cell count (×10 9 / L)]]> Experimental Group 1 Example 1 Common structure feed 25.6±1.8 1.75±0.12 2.68±0.15 8.25±0.42 Experimental Group 2 Example 2 Common structure feed 26.2±1.9 1.82±0.14 2.76±0.18 8.42±0.45 Experimental Group 3 Example 3 Common structure feed 27.5±2.1 1.92±0.15 2.85±0.17 8.68±0.48 Experimental Group 4 Example 1 Multilayer structure feed 27.8±1.7 1.94±0.13 2.93±0.16 8.72±0.43 Experimental Group 5 Example 2 Multilayer structure feed 28.5±1.8 2.05±0.16 3.02±0.19 8.96±0.47 Experimental Group 6 Example 3 Multilayer structure feed 30.2±2.0 2.18±0.17 3.15±0.18 9.25±0.51 Control group Traditional ruminant feed 22.3±1.6 1.52±0.11 2.31±0.14 7.46±0.38

[0071] Fecal flora sequencing results of the experimental group:

[0072] Experimental Group Feed type Probiotics ratio (%) Proportion of harmful bacteria (%) Microbial diversity index (Shannon) Pielou's index of flora uniformity Experimental Group 1 Example 1 Common structure feed 28.5±2.1 15.2±1.1 4.12±0.22 0.65±0.03 Experimental Group 2 Example 2 Common structure feed 29.8±2.3 14.5±1.2 4.25±0.24 0.67±0.04 Experimental Group 3 Example 3 Common structure feed 31.4±2.5 13.6±1.0 4.38±0.25 0.69±0.03 Experimental Group 4 Example 1 Multilayer structure feed 33.7±2.4 12.8±0.9 4.45±0.23 0.71±0.04 Experimental Group 5 Example 2 Multilayer structure feed 35.6±2.6 11.5±0.8 4.62±0.26 0.73±0.03 Experimental Group 6 Example 3 Multilayer structure feed 38.3±2.8 10.2±0.7 4.87±0.28 0.76±0.04 Control group Traditional ruminant feed 22.1±1.9 19.5±1.4 3.75±0.20 0.58±0.03

[0073] ANOVA was used to summarize the test results:

[0074] Measurement parameters Normal structure group vs control group Multilayer structure group vs. ordinary structure group Multilayer structure group vs control group Weight gain rate F=18.72, P<0.001 F=9.35, P<0.01 F=26.47, P<0.001 Feed conversion rate F=16.45, P<0.001 F=8.21, P<0.01 F=23.65, P<0.001 Immunoglobulin levels F=12.83, P<0.01 F=7.54, P<0.01 F=19.28, P<0.001 White blood cell count F=10.92, P<0.01 F=6.37, P<0.05 F=15.63, P<0.001 Probiotics ratio F=14.56, P<0.001 F=8.92, P<0.01 F=22.14, P<0.001 Harmful bacteria ratio F=13.25, P<0.01 F=7.86, P<0.01 F=20.37, P<0.001 Microbial diversity F=11.48, P<0.01 F=6.75, P<0.05 F=17.92, P<0.001

[0075] After the test results are summarized using ANOVA, the F value and P value both represent the statistical results of the ANOVA test, and the table shows that the common structure feed group is compared with the control group, and the common structure feeds of Examples 1 to 3 have weight changes, weight gain rates, and feed conversion rates. Through the ANOVA test, P<0.05, the feeds prepared by the present invention are significantly improved, indicating that these feed components have a positive promoting effect on the growth of ruminants. Compared with traditional feeds, these feed groups help to improve the growth performance of ruminants.

[0076] Compared with the corresponding ordinary structure feed group, the multi-layer structure feed group has a slightly higher weight gain rate and shows good serum immune indicators. The surface structure feed can not only maintain the stability of feed components, but also further enhance the immunity of animals. Therefore, it can be determined that the multi-layer structure feed has good stability and animal adaptability. At the same time, in the feces of animals in the multi-layer structure feed group, the proportion of probiotics increased significantly (P<0.05), the proportion of harmful bacteria decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the flora diversity and uniformity index also improved significantly. The proportion of probiotics in the feces of animals in the multi-layer structure feed group increased, and the proportion of harmful bacteria decreased, further verifying the positive effect of multi-layer structure feed on the intestinal health of ruminants.

[0077] The sixth embodiment is an experimental example, using the same preparation processing parameters and components to obtain the first to third mixtures, and then exploring the effect of layer thickness of multi-layer wrapped feeds, testing feed stability, feeding changes, feed digestion progress, rumen gas changes, and microbial conditions.

[0078] Set up the following experimental groups:

[0079] Experimental Group Feed type Experimental Group A The bottom layer is 1.5 mm thick, the middle layer is 1.2 mm thick, and the surface layer is 0.8 mm thick. Experimental Group B The bottom layer is 1.8 mm thick, the middle layer is 1.5 mm thick, and the surface layer is 1.0 mm thick. Experimental Group C The bottom layer is 2.0 mm thick, the middle layer is 1.8 mm thick, and the surface layer is 1.2 mm thick. Control group A Single layer conventional ruminant feed (without multi-layer wrapping structure) Control group B The bottom layer is 3.0 mm thick, the middle layer is 3 mm thick, and the surface layer is 2 mm thick. Control group C The bottom layer is 1.8 mm thick, the middle layer is 3 mm thick, and the surface layer is 1 mm thick. Control group D The bottom layer is 3 mm thick, the middle layer is 0.6 mm thick, and the surface layer is 0.3 mm thick.

[0080] Among them, the stability test is the condition of the feed after shaking in a 37°C water bath for 12 hours. Among them, the changes of the test feed in the gastrointestinal tract are tested through a gastrointestinal simulation experiment to check whether the feed at different levels is peeled off or stratified. At the same time, a microscope is used to observe and record the structure of the feed particles. Among them, the digestion process of the feed is measured by measuring the degradation rate and component release of the feed in the simulated stomach, rumen, and true stomach. Among them, the changes in rumen gas are mainly measured in the rumen environment after simulating the rumen environment. Among them, the microbial situation is to monitor the activity of anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the feed to evaluate the impact on microbial balance.

[0081] The test results of the feed layer structure stability test in the above 7 groups of experiments are as follows:

[0082] Group Peeling rate (%) Structural integrity (%) Moisture stability (1-10 points) Mechanical strength (N) Experimental Group A 15.3±1.2 85.4±2.1 7.5±0.4 42.3±2.1 Experimental Group B 12.1±0.9 88.7±1.8 8.2±0.3 45.6±1.9 Experimental Group C 8.5±0.7 92.3±1.5 8.9±0.2 48.9±1.7 Control group A 25.6±2.3 74.5±3.2 5.2±0.6 35.4±2.8 Control group B 18.9±1.6 81.2±2.4 6.8±0.5 51.2±2.3 Control group C 22.4±1.8 77.8±2.6 6.1±0.5 43.7±2.2 Control group D 28.7±2.1 71.3±2.9 4.8±0.7 38.9±2.5

[0083] Based on the test results of the feed layer structure stability, the lowest peeling rate (8.5%) and the highest structural integrity (92.3%) were observed in the experimental group C with a bottom layer of 2.0 mm, a middle layer of 1.8 mm, and a surface layer of 1.2 mm, which indicates that the multi-layer package structure under this thickness ratio has the best stability, the layers are tightly bonded, and not easy to separate. In contrast, the single-layer structure of the control group A and the control group D had too thick a bottom layer, and the middle layer and the surface layer were too thin, with peeling rates of 25.6% and 28.7% respectively, and low structural integrity. In terms of moisture stability, the experimental group C showed that this thickness ratio can effectively slow down the rapid penetration of moisture, protect the internal components of the feed, and prolong its stability time in the gastrointestinal tract. Although the control group B layers are thicker and have the highest mechanical strength, the mechanical strength of the experimental group C is similar to that of the control group B, which is sufficient to meet the strength requirements of the feed during transportation, storage and feeding, and performs better in other aspects.

[0084] The digestibility and nutrient release results of the above 7 groups of experiments are as follows:

[0085] Group 12h digestibility (%) 22h digestibility (%) Nutrient release rate (%) pH range Experimental Group A 45.6±2.3 78.4±3.1 82.3±3.2 6.2-6.8 Experimental Group B 48.9±2.1 83.2±2.8 85.7±2.9 6.3-6.8 Experimental Group C 52.3±1.9 87.5±2.5 88.9±2.6 6.4-6.9 Control group A 35.4±3.2 65.7±4.2 71.2±4.1 5.8-6.5 Control group B 38.7±2.8 68.9±3.8 73.5±3.7 5.9-6.6 Control group C 41.2±2.6 72.3±3.5 75.8±3.4 6.0-6.7 Control group D 33.8±3.4 63.2±4.4 69.4±4.3 5.7-6.4

[0086] Based on the test results of digestion performance and nutrient release: The digestion efficiency of experimental group C reached 52.3% and 87.5% at 12 hours and 22 hours, respectively, significantly exceeding other groups. This shows that its unique thickness ratio helps the gradual decomposition of feed in the rumen, thereby improving digestion efficiency. The digestion efficiency of control groups A and D was lower, 65.7% and 63.2% at 22 hours, respectively, which shows that a single layer or uneven thickness ratio is not conducive to the thorough digestion of feed. The nutrient release rate of experimental group C was as high as 88.9%, exceeding all other groups, which shows that its thickness ratio can ensure that the nutrients in the feed are released at the right time and location, thereby enhancing the utilization of nutrients. Based on pH fluctuations, the pH fluctuation range of experimental group C was 6.4-6.9, maintaining a relatively stable weak acidic state, which is conducive to the activity of rumen microorganisms and feed digestion. In contrast, the pH fluctuation range of control groups A and D was larger (5.8-6.5 and 5.7-6.4), which may lead to instability of the rumen environment, thus affecting the digestion effect.

[0087] The results of the gas generation and microbial activity analysis of the above 7 groups of experiments are as follows:

[0088] Group Total gas volume (mL / g) Methane production (mL / g) Anaerobic bacteria activity (CFU / g) Lactic acid bacteria activity (CFU / g) Experimental Group A 185.3±12.4 32.4±2.8 <![CDATA[8.5×10 8 ±0.4]]> <![CDATA[6.7×10 7 ±0.3]]> Experimental Group B 172.6±10.8 28.7±2.4 <![CDATA[9.2×10 8 ±0.3]]> <![CDATA[7.4×10 7 ±0.2]]> Experimental Group C 158.4±9.5 25.3±2.1 <![CDATA[9.8×10 8 ±0.2]]> <![CDATA[8.1×10 7 ±0.2]]> Control group A 223.5±15.7 42.6±3.5 <![CDATA[5.4×10 8 ±0.6]]> <![CDATA[4.2×10 7 ±0.5]]> Control group B 198.7±13.9 38.9±3.2 <![CDATA[6.1×10 8 ±0.5]]> <![CDATA[4.8×10 7 ±0.4]]> Control group C 208.4±14.5 40.2±3.3 <![CDATA[5.8×10 8 ±0.5]]> <![CDATA[4.5×10 7 ±0.4]]> Control group D 235.6±16.2 45.1±3.7 <![CDATA[4.9×10 8 ±0.7]]> <![CDATA[3.8×10 7 ±0.6]]>

[0089] The total gas volume (158.4 mL / g) and methane production (25.3 mL / g) of experimental group C were the lowest, indicating that this thickness ratio can effectively control gas production during rumen fermentation and reduce the risk of flatulence. The gas production of control groups A and D was significantly higher than that of other groups, at 223.5 mL / g and 235.6 mL / g, respectively, which may increase the risk of flatulence in ruminants. From the perspective of microbial activity balance, the anaerobic activity of experimental group C (9.8 × 10 8 CFU / g) and lactic acid bacteria activity (8.1×10 7 CFU / g) reached the highest level, indicating that this thickness ratio can create an environment conducive to the growth of beneficial microorganisms and promote the balance of rumen microbial flora. The microbial activity of the control group was generally low, especially the control group D, which had the lowest activity of anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria

[0090] Based on the above experiments, the experimental data clearly show that if all the layers are too thick, such as the control group B, the digestibility of the feed may be reduced (digestibility is reduced), and the nutrient release rate may be reduced, the microbial activity may be limited, and the digestion may be inadequate. This will increase the feeding cost, cause the feed particles to be too large, and affect the animal's feeding. If the thickness of the surface and middle layers is too small, such as the control group D, it may lead to unstable structure, high peeling rate, low microbial activity, a wide range of pH changes, and significant changes in gas production, increasing the risk of flatulence. If the middle layer is too thick and the overall layer thickness ratio is unbalanced, such as the control group C, it is easy to cause uneven distribution of fiber decomposing bacteria, uneven digestion, asynchronous nutrient release, and unbalanced microbial activity in the rumen, affecting the quality of rumen fermentation. Experimental group C (bottom layer 2.0 mm, middle layer 1.8 mm, surface layer 1.2 mm) achieved the best results in feed stability, digestibility, nutrient release, gas control and microbial activity.

[0091] When referred to in this specification, "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "an embodiment", etc., it means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0092] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to a plurality of illustrative embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that those skilled in the art may devise many other modifications and implementations that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure and claims, a variety of variations and improvements may be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to variations and improvements made to the components and / or layout, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing feed for ruminants, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S100, according to weight parts, take 4-7 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 3-6 parts of Angelica sinensis, 3-6 parts of Chuanxiong, 5-11 parts of Hawthorn, 3-9 parts of jujube as base materials, take 1-3 parts of Rhodiola rosea, 2-3 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 1-3 parts of Shenqu, 1-2 parts of Epimedium, 1-2 parts of Cistanche deserticola, 1-2 parts of Morinda officinalis as auxiliary materials, and obtain 3-10 parts of honey, 2-6 parts of Tongcao, 1-2 parts of cinnamon twig, and 2-10 parts of Vaccaria segetalis as synergistic materials; S200, boiling the base material to dissolve the effective ingredient and adding triethanolamine to obtain a first mixture; S300, mixing the auxiliary materials into glyceryl monostearate stearyl alcohol and heating and stirring to obtain a second mixture; S400, crushing the synergistic materials of Tongcao and Guizhi, adding Vaccaria segetalis and honey, and mixing together to obtain a third mixture; S500, the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are added to the fermentation substrate and processed in a multi-layer wrapping manner to obtain ruminant feed.

2. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to weight, take 5-7 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 4-5 parts of Angelica sinensis, 4-6 parts of Ligusticum chuanxiong, 6-9 parts of Hawthorn, and 3-6 parts of jujube as the base material, take 1-3 parts of Rhodiola rosea, 2-3 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 1-3 parts of Shenqu, 1-2 parts of Epimedium, 1-2 parts of Cistanche deserticola, and 1-2 parts of Morinda officinalis as auxiliary materials, and take 6-10 parts of honey, 4-6 parts of Smilax glabra, 1-2 parts of cinnamon twig, and 4-10 parts of Vaccaria segetalis as synergistic materials.

3. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mixture is a dissolved substance, the second mixture is a paste, and the third mixture is a fluid; In S200, hawthorn and jujube are taken from the base material and crushed into a modulated powder less than 1 mm; the remaining base material is put into warm water for steaming and effective components are dissolved to obtain a raw material liquid; the raw material liquid is mixed with preheated triethanolamine and stirred evenly, and the modulated powder is added to obtain a first mixture; At S300, Rhodiola rosea, Acanthopanax senticosus, Shenqu, Epimedium, Cistanche deserticola, Morinda officinalis are taken from the auxiliary materials and mixed with glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol, and stirred at a temperature of 60 to 70 degrees Celsius and a stirring speed of 100 to 300 rpm to obtain a second mixture.

4. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amount of glyceryl monostearate octadecyl alcohol used is between 1.3 and 1.5 times the total amount of the auxiliary materials. After the second mixture is heated and stirred, the temperature is lowered and maintained at 45°C.

5. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the base material is boiled, the amount of triethanolamine used is 2% to 3% of the total mass of the base material, the water-to-material ratio of the base material is 1:8, the boiling temperature is greater than or equal to 90° C., and the boiling time is greater than or equal to one hour.

6. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ruminant feed is divided into a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer from the inside to the outside; The bottom layer is obtained by adding anaerobic bacteria to the third mixture, mixing the anaerobic bacteria and the third mixture in a ratio of 1:3 and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the fermentation substrate; The middle layer is obtained by adding fiber-decomposing bacteria to the second mixture, mixing the fiber-decomposing bacteria with the second mixture in a ratio of 1:4 and evenly applying the mixture on the bottom layer; Among them, the surface layer is obtained by mixing and stirring the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a ratio of 3:2:3 to obtain the reagent to be formed, and the lactic acid bacteria powder and the reagent to be formed are mixed in a ratio of 1:8 and coated on the middle layer.

7. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation substrate is sprayed corn husk, and the ruminant feed is pelletized feed.

8. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom layer is 1.5-2.0 mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.

9. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom layer is 2.0 mm, the middle layer is 1.8 mm, and the surface layer is 1.2 mm.

10. The method for preparing feed for ruminants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anaerobic bacteria include protein decomposing bacteria, yellow fiber decomposing bacteria, Bacteroides, starch decomposing bacteria, and Micrococcus prausnitzii.