Gastrodia elata alkaloid component as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides rhizoma gastrodiae alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, a preparation method of the rhizoma gastrodiae alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, and an application of the rhizoma gastrodiae alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in the fields of cosmetics and medicines. Belongs to the technical field of cosmetics and medicines. According to the present invention, the gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 can significantly promote the secretion of # imgabs0 # collagen in human dermis fibroblasts (HDFa) under the extremely low concentration (0.1 [mu] M), and can significantly promote the secretion of the # imgabs0 # collagen in the human dermis fibroblasts (HDFa), such that the effect of the gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 can be provided; and under the concentration, no cytotoxicity exists. The compounds can be used for preparing anti-aging drugs or skin care products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of cosmetics and pharmaceutical technology, specifically to the field of botanical medicine technology, and more specifically to gastrodia alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, their pharmaceutical compositions, their preparation methods, and their use in the preparation of drugs and in the preparation of cosmetics. Background Art

[0002] Collagen is a major structural protein in the extracellular matrix of mammals. It is widely present in skin, bones, muscles and other tissues. It is mainly involved in physiological and biochemical behaviors such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and signal transduction, and plays a supporting, repairing and protecting role for tissue cells [Ye Tao, Xiang Qi, Yang Yan, Huang Yadong. Research progress on the development and application of collagen. Journal of Biotechnology, 2023, 39(3): 942–960]. Among them, type I collagen (collagen I) is the most abundant protein in human skin, accounting for about 70% of the dry weight of the skin. Type I collagen can increase skin elasticity and delay skin aging [Zhang Yuhan, Zhou Jingxuan, Zhang Nanhai, Zhao Liang, Zhang Liebing, Zhou Feng. Research progress on collagen peptides and elastin peptides to improve skin photoaging. Food Research and Development, 2023, 44(11): 208–215]. In addition, on the wound surface, type I collagen promotes wound healing by providing structural support for cell attachment and migration. However, animal-derived type I collagen may be immunogenic, and problems related to the processing technology, degradation rate and sterilization process of type I collagen limit its application [Cheng Y., Li Y., Huang S., Yu F., Bei Y., Zhang Y., Tang J., Huang Y., Xiang Q. Hybrid freeze-dried dressings composed of epidermal growth factor and recombinant human-like collagen enhance cutaneous wound healing in rats. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2020, 8: 742]. Therefore, screening plant extracts and natural products with the activity of promoting collagen secretion is a current research hotspot.

[0003] The Chinese herbal medicine Gastrodia elata is the dried tuber of the orchid plant Gastrodia elata Blume. It is a traditional Chinese medicine with good therapeutic effects on nervous system diseases [Duan Xiaoyan, Yan Hui, Chen Yifang, Luo Jifeng, Ding Peichao, Tian Menghua, Wang Yuehu. Study on the chemical composition of the dichloromethane extraction part of Gastrodia elata and its cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Chinese Herbal Medicine, 2022, 53(23): 7324–7330]. Research on Gastrodia elata alkaloids is relatively rare. So far, there are no reports on Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in the prior art, nor are there any reports on their activity in promoting collagen secretion. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, preparation methods thereof, and uses thereof in the preparation of drugs and in the preparation of cosmetics in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 shown in the following structural formula,

[0007]

[0008] A method for preparing gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] The dried tubers, peduncles and inflorescences of Gastrodia elata after collecting seeds are crushed, extracted with 90% ethanol aqueous solution at 70°C for 3h, filtered to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue, the filter residue is extracted twice again in the same way, the filtrates are combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an extract; distilled water is added to the extract to prepare a suspension, HCl is added to adjust the pH to 2-3, extracted with an equal volume of petroleum ether 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a petroleum ether extraction part; after the petroleum ether extraction, the remaining aqueous phase is extracted with an equal volume of ethyl acetate 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain an ethyl acetate extraction part; after the ethyl acetate extraction, the remaining aqueous phase is adjusted to pH 9-10 with a NaOH aqueous solution, extracted with an equal volume of dichloromethane 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a dichloromethane extraction part;

[0010] The dichloromethane extraction part was subjected to 100-200 mesh silica gel column chromatography and v / v acetone-petroleum ether 20:1→1:1 gradient elution to obtain 10 components, namely, components A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J;

[0011] Component H is subjected to reverse phase C 18 Silica gel column chromatography, v / v methanol-water 10%→100%, to obtain 10% methanol elution part H1; component H1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as eluent to obtain H1-1; H1-1 is separated by H silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-acetone 10:1→3:1 to obtain H1-1-1; H1-1-1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, using methanol as eluent to obtain H1-1-1-3; H1-1-1-3 is separated by H silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-acetone 10:1→1:1 to obtain H1-1-1-3-1; H1-1-1-3-1 is separated by HPLC to obtain PFT201; PFT201 is separated by HPLC to obtain compounds PFT201A and PFT201B;

[0012] Alternatively, component J is subjected to reverse phase C 18 Silica gel column chromatography, v / v methanol-water 5%→100% gradient elution, the 30% methanol elution portion is compound PFT203; the 40% methanol elution portion J6-1 is separated by 300-400 mesh silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-ethyl acetate 10:1→0:1 gradient elution to obtain J6-1-1; J6-1-1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as eluent to obtain J6-1-1-1; J6-1-1-1 is purified by HPLC to obtain PFT201; PFT201 is separated by HPLC to obtain compounds PFT201A and PFT201B.

[0013] Application of Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in the preparation of anti-aging drugs.

[0014] Application of Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in the preparation of active agents for promoting collagen secretion.

[0015] The pharmaceutical composition consists of any one of the gastrodia alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0016] The pharmaceutical composition is used in the preparation of anti-aging drugs and in the preparation of an active agent for promoting collagen secretion.

[0017] The preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition comprises the following steps: firstly preparing the gastrodia alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 by the above-mentioned preparation method, taking at least one of them and adding a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0018] Application of Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in the preparation of cosmetics.

[0019] A cosmetic comprising at least one of the gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 shown in the structural formula as an active ingredient.

[0020] The method for preparing cosmetics comprises the following steps: firstly preparing gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 by the above-mentioned preparation method, taking at least one of them, and adding common cosmetic auxiliary materials.

[0021] In the present invention, when the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 or their compositions are used to prepare drugs, the content of the compounds or their compositions in the drugs is preferably 0.1-99%; in the pharmaceutical composition, the content of any one of the active ingredients or any combination thereof in the pharmaceutical composition is preferably 0.5-90%. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably used in the form of a dosage per unit body weight. In the present invention, the prepared drugs are preferably administered in two forms: injection (intravenous injection, intramuscular injection) and oral administration. The pharmaceutical preparations include tablets, capsules, nasal sprays, pills, dripping pills, etc., but are not limited to the above preparations.

[0022] In the present invention, when the gastrodia alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 are used to prepare cosmetics, the preparation of the cosmetics is not limited and can be prepared by conventional preparation methods of cosmetics.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The present invention provides compounds PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, which can promote collagen secretion at extremely low concentrations (0.1 μM).

[0025] 2. Compounds PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 were not toxic to adult human dermal fibroblasts at concentrations where they exerted their efficacy.

[0026] 3. The raw materials for extracting the compound are the waste (tubers, pedicels and inflorescences) after collecting Gastrodia elata seeds. The raw materials are easy to obtain and have low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the chemical structure of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 The ECD spectra of the experiment and the calculated ECD spectra of the (S)-isomer and (R)-isomer of the present invention are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The substantial content of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings using embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Preparation of Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203:

[0032] Gastrodia tubers, peduncles and inflorescences (21.4 kg) dried after collecting seeds were crushed together, extracted with 80 L of 90% ethanol aqueous solution at 70 ° C for 3 h, filtered to obtain filtrate and residue, and the residue was extracted twice again in the same way. The filtrates were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 6.6 kg of extract. Distilled water (6.8 L) was added to the extract to make a suspension, 0.1% HCl (8 L) was added to adjust the pH to 2-3, extracted with an equal volume of petroleum ether 5 times, and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60 ° C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a petroleum ether extraction part (142.2 g). After petroleum ether extraction, the remaining aqueous phase was extracted with an equal volume of ethyl acetate 5 times, and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60 ° C using a rotary evaporator to obtain an ethyl acetate extraction part (104.4 g). After extraction with ethyl acetate, the remaining aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 9-10 with 5% NaOH aqueous solution (4 L), extracted 5 times with an equal volume of dichloromethane, and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60° C. using a rotary evaporator to obtain a dichloromethane extract portion (25.6 g).

[0033] The dichloromethane extraction part was subjected to 100-200 mesh silica gel column chromatography (acetone-petroleum ether, 20:1→1:1, v / v) gradient elution to obtain 10 components including component A (449.2 mg), B (103.0 mg), C (336.1 mg), D (57.5 mg), E (962.8 mg), F (422.7 mg), G (3.9 g), H (1.6 g), I (1.4 g) and J (10.2 g).

[0034] Component H was subjected to reverse phase (RP) C 18Silica gel column chromatography (methanol-water, 10%→100%, v / v) obtained a major component, namely the 10% methanol elution portion (H1, 1.5 g). Component H1 was separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as the eluent to obtain H1-1 (1.1 g); H1-1 was separated by H silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether-acetone, 10:1→3:1, v / v) to obtain H1-1-1 (493.0 mg); H1-1-1 was separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as the eluent to obtain H1-1-1-3 (207.8 mg); H1-1-1-3 was separated by H silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether-acetone, 10:1→1:1, v / v) to obtain H1-1-1-3-1 (40.1 mg); H1-1-1-3-1 was separated by HPLC (Agilent Zorbax SB-C 18 PFT201 (14.2 mg, t R =29.0min); PFT201 was separated by HPLC (Shiseido Chiral CD-Ph column, φ4.6×250mm, 5μm; MeOH-H2O, 60:40, 1mL / min) to obtain compound PFT201A (6.3mg, t R =9.6min) and PFT201B (3.9mg, t R =11.3min).

[0035] Component J was subjected to reverse phase (RP) C 18 Silica gel column chromatography (methanol-water, 5%→100%, v / v) gradient elution, wherein the 30% methanol elution portion is compound PFT203 (30.0 mg). The 40% methanol elution portion (J6-1, 209.6 mg) was separated by 300-400 mesh silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether-ethyl acetate, 10:1→0:1, v / v) gradient elution to obtain J6-1-1 (39.0 mg); J6-1-1 was separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as the eluent to obtain J6-1-1-1 (16.0 mg); J6-1-1-1 was separated by HPLC (Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 After purification with a column (φ7.8×250mm, 5μm; MeOH-H2O, 55:45, 2mL / min), PFT201 (10.0mg, t R =21.6min).

[0036] Example 2

[0037] PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203( Figure 1 ) Spectral data and structural identification:

[0038] Compound PFT201A, Chinese name is (+)-(S)-4-(2-hydroxy-2-quinolin-4-ylethyl)phenol, English name is (+)-(S)-4-(2-Hydroxy-2-quinolin-4-ylethyl)phenol, white solid, molecular formula C 17 H 15 NO2; [α] 2 D 5 +17(c 0.31,MeOH); ECD(c 0.008,MeOH)λ max (Δε)289(-0.11),233(5.50),203(-2.05)nm; 1 H NMR (500MHz, chloroform-d)δ H 8.85(1H,d,J=4.5Hz,H-2),8.16(1H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-8),8.08(1H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-5),7.72(1H,m,H-7),7.60(1H,m,H-6),7.51(1H,d,J=4.5Hz,H-3),7.00(2H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-2′,6′),6.77(2H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-3′,5′),5.66(1H,dd,J=8.1,3.8Hz,H-8′),3.24(1H,dd,J=14.1,3.8Hz,H-7′a),2.96(1H,dd,J=14.1,8.1Hz,H-7′b); 13 CNMR (126MHz, chloroform-d)δ C 155.4(C,C-4′),150.0(CH,C-2),149.6(C,C-4),147.7(C,C-8a),130.7(CH,C-2′,6′),130.0(CH,C-8),129.3(CH,C-7),128.4(C,C- 1′)126.8(CH,C-6),125.4(C,C-4a),122.9(CH,C-5),117.8(CH,C-3),115.6(CH,C-3′,5′),71.0(CH,C-8′),43.9(CH2,C-7′); ESIMS m / z 266[M+H] +Its nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data are reported for the first time, and its absolute configuration is determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations ( Figure 2 ).

[0039] Compound PFT201B, Chinese name (-)-(R)-4-(2-Hydroxy-2-quinolin-4-ylethyl)phenol, English name (-)-(R)-4-(2-Hydroxy-2-quinolin-4-ylethyl)phenol, white solid, molecular formula C 17 H 15 NO2; [α] 2 D 5 -25(c 0.29,MeOH); ECD(c 0.006,MeOH)λ max (Δε)290(1.13),223(-6.96),202(+6.99)nm; 1 H NMR (500MHz, chloroform-d)δ H 8.85(1H,d,J=4.5Hz,H-2),8.16(1H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-8),8.08(1H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-5),7.72(1H,m,H-7),7.60(1H,m,H-6),7.51(1H,d,J=4.5Hz,H-3),7.00(2H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-2′,6′),6.77(2H,br d,J=8.5Hz,H-3′,5′),5.66(1H,dd,J=8.1,3.8Hz,H-8′),3.24(1H,dd,J=14.1,3.8Hz,H-7′a),2.96(1H,dd,J=14.1,8.1Hz,H-7′b); 13 CNMR (126MHz, chloroform-d)δ C 155.4(C,C-4′),150.0(CH,C-2),149.6(C,C-4),147.7(C,C-8a),130.7(CH,C-2′,6′),130.0(CH,C-8),129.3(CH,C-7),128.4(C,C- 1′),126.8(CH,C-6),125.4(C,C-4a),122.9(CH,C-5),117.8(CH,C-3),115.6(CH,C-3′,5′),71.0(CH,C-8′),43.9(CH2,C-7′); ESIMS m / z 266[M+H] +. Its NMR data are reported for the first time, and its absolute configuration is determined by ECD calculation ( Figure 2 ).

[0040] Compound PFT203, English name Para-topolin riboside, white needle-shaped crystals, molecular formula C 17 H 19 N5O5; [α] 2 D 5 -68 (c 0.12, MeOH); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ H 8.36(1H,s,H-8),8.31(1H,br s,6-NH),8.21(1H,s,H-2),7.14(2H,d,J=8.3Hz,H-2″,6″),6.67(2H,d,J=8 .3Hz,H-3″,5″),5.88(1H,d,J=6.2Hz,H-1′),4.60(1H,m,H-3′),4.58(2H,br s,H-7″),4.14(1H,m,H-2′),3.96(1H,m,H-4′),3.67(1H,m,H-5′a),3.55(1H,m,H-5′b); 13 C NMR (126 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ C 156.1(C,C-6),154.5(C,C-1″),152.4(CH,C-2),148.4(C,C-4),139.8(CH,C-8),130.2(C,C-4″),128.5(CH,C-2″,6″),119.8(C,C-5) ,115.0(CH,C-3″,5″),88.0(CH,C-1′),86.0(CH,C-4′),73.5(CH,C-3′),70.7(CH,C-2′),61.7(CH2,C-5′),42.4(CH2,C-7″); ESIMSm / z 396[M+Na] + ,769[2M+Na] +The NMR data of this compound are consistent with the data in the literature [Huang Z.-B., Wu Z., Chen F.-K., Zou L.-B. The protective effects of phenolic constituents from Gastrodiaelata on the cytotoxicity induced by KCl and glutamate. Arch. Pharm. Res., 2006, 29(11), 963-968].

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Experiment on the promotion of type I collagen secretion by Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203.

[0043] 1. Cells

[0044] Human dermal fibroblasts-adult (HDFa) were purchased from Beina Biotechnology.

[0045] 2. Reagents

[0046] DMEM (high glucose) medium, PBS, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), penicillin-streptomycin and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Hyclone; 0.25% trypsin (containing EDTA) was purchased from ThermoFisher; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was purchased from Peprotech; collagen ELISA kit was purchased from TaKaRa; MTS reagent was purchased from Promega.

[0047] 3. Experimental Methods

[0048] On a 96-well cell culture plate, HDFa cells were mixed with the sample to be tested, and a blank control without the compound and a TGF-β positive control were set; cultured at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 3 days, the cell culture supernatant was collected and stored at -80°C; MTS was added, and the OD value at 490nm was detected by MTS colorimetry; the secretion of type I collagen was detected according to the method provided in the collagen ELISA kit, and the OD value was measured by a microplate reader, and the detection wavelength was 450nm. The increase rate of type I collagen secretion was calculated.

[0049] Increase rate of type I collagen secretion (%) = (OD 450 nm / Cell viability / blank well OD 450 nm -1)×100%

[0050] 4. Experimental Results

[0051] The present invention evaluates the activity of the three compounds PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 in promoting the secretion of type I collagen in HDFa cells, and the test results are shown in Table 1. At a concentration of 0.1 μM, PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 have a significant promoting effect on the secretion of type I collagen, and the increase rates of type I collagen secretion are 49.7%, 31.1% and 55.2%, respectively, and at this concentration, PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 have no toxicity to HDFa cells.

[0052] Table 1. Effect of Gastrodia elata alkaloids on the secretion of type I collagen in HDFa cells

[0053]

[0054] Embodiment 4:

[0055] Tablets: at least one of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203 10 mg, lactose 180 mg, starch 55 mg, and magnesium stearate 5 mg;

[0056] Preparation method: Mix at least one of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, PFT203, lactose and starch, and evenly moisten with water. Sieve and dry the moistened mixture, sieve again, add magnesium stearate, and then compress the mixture into tablets. Each tablet weighs 250 mg and contains 10 mg of the compound.

[0057] Embodiment 5:

[0058] Ampoule: 2 mg of at least one of the compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203, 10 mg of sodium chloride;

[0059] Preparation method: dissolve at least one of the compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, PFT203 and sodium chloride in an appropriate amount of water for injection, filter the resulting solution, and fill it into an ampoule under sterile conditions.

[0060] Embodiment 6:

[0061] Capsules: at least one of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, PFT203 10 mg, lactose 187 mg, magnesium stearate 3 mg;

[0062] Preparation method: Mix at least one of the compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203 with an auxiliary agent, sieve, and mix evenly. Fill the resulting mixture into hard gelatin capsules. Each capsule weighs 200 mg and contains 10 mg of the active ingredient.

[0063] Embodiment 7:

[0064] Cream formulation containing at least one of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203 (W %):

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The cosmetics of the present invention are prepared by conventional methods for preparing cosmetics.

[0068] Embodiment 8:

[0069] Emulsion formula containing at least one of compounds PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203 (W %):

[0070]

[0071] The cosmetics of the present invention are prepared by conventional methods for preparing cosmetics.

Claims

1. Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 as shown in the following structural formula, 2. A method for preparing the gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: The dried tubers, peduncles and inflorescences of Gastrodia elata after collecting seeds are crushed, extracted with 90% ethanol aqueous solution at 70°C for 3h, filtered to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue, the filter residue is extracted twice again in the same way, the filtrates are combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an extract; distilled water is added to the extract to prepare a suspension, HCl is added to adjust the pH to 2-3, extracted with an equal volume of petroleum ether 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a petroleum ether extraction part; after the petroleum ether extraction, the remaining aqueous phase is extracted with an equal volume of ethyl acetate 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain an ethyl acetate extraction part; after the ethyl acetate extraction, the remaining aqueous phase is adjusted to pH 9-10 with a NaOH aqueous solution, extracted with an equal volume of dichloromethane 5 times, and the organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a dichloromethane extraction part; The dichloromethane extraction part was subjected to 100-200 mesh silica gel column chromatography and v / v acetone-petroleum ether 20:1→1:1 gradient elution to obtain 10 components, namely, components A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J; Component H is subjected to reverse phase C 18 Silica gel column chromatography, v / v methanol-water 10%→100%, to obtain 10% methanol elution part H1; component H1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as eluent to obtain H1-1; H1-1 is separated by H silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-acetone 10:1→3:1 to obtain H1-1-1; H1-1-1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, using methanol as eluent to obtain H1-1-1-3; H1-1-1-3 is separated by H silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-acetone 10:1→1:1 to obtain H1-1-1-3-1; H1-1-1-3-1 is separated by HPLC to obtain PFT201; PFT201 is separated by HPLC to obtain compounds PFT201A and PFT201B; Alternatively, component J is subjected to reverse phase C 18 Silica gel column chromatography, v / v methanol-water 5%→100% gradient elution, the 30% methanol elution portion is compound PFT203; the 40% methanol elution portion J6-1 is separated by 300-400 mesh silica gel column chromatography, v / v petroleum ether-ethyl acetate 10:1→0:1 gradient elution to obtain J6-1-1; J6-1-1 is separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using methanol as eluent to obtain J6-1-1-1; J6-1-1-1 is purified by HPLC to obtain PFT201; PFT201 is separated by HPLC to obtain compounds PFT201A and PFT201B.

3. Use of the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1 in the preparation of anti-aging drugs.

4. Use of the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1 in the preparation of an active agent for promoting collagen secretion.

5. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising any one of the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1 or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

6. Use of the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4 in the preparation of anti-aging drugs and in the preparation of an active agent for promoting collagen secretion.

7. The method for preparing the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining the gastrodia alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 by the preparation method described in claim 2, and then taking at least one of them and adding a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

8. Use of the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1 in the preparation of cosmetics.

9. A cosmetic comprising at least one of the Gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B, and PFT203 represented by the structural formula of claim 1 as an active ingredient.

10. The method for preparing cosmetics according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adopting the preparation method described in claim 2 to obtain gastrodia elata alkaloids PFT201A, PFT201B and PFT203, and then taking at least one of them and adding common cosmetic auxiliary materials.

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