An explosion hardening device and method for a high manganese steel frog

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of high manganese steel frog hardening, and discloses a high manganese steel frog explosive hardening device and method. The device includes a frog side explosion mechanism. The frog side explosion mechanism, the frog internal explosion mechanism and the frog top explosion mechanism jointly provide the impact force required for hardening for the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog, so as to perform heat treatment on the surface of the high manganese steel frog. Through the high temperature and high impact force generated by the explosion of the explosive, the surface of the high manganese steel frog is heat-treated, so that the metal on the surface of the high manganese steel frog undergoes plastic deformation and grain refinement, thereby changing the physical structure of the metal on the frog surface, so as to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance. Moreover, through the pre-hardening heat treatment before use and the post-hardening heat treatment after use of the high manganese steel frog explosive hardening device by the high manganese steel frog explosive hardening method, the residual stress before hardening of the high manganese steel frog is eliminated, the plasticity is improved, and the microscopic stress generated by the explosion is released to prevent crack propagation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high manganese steel frog hardening, and particularly relates to a high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device and method. Background Art

[0002] The explosion hardening technology is a new type of metal material surface treatment technology developed based on the outstanding cold working hardening characteristics of metal materials such as high manganese steel. Under the action of the shock wave generated by the explosion of explosives, plastic deformation or structural changes occur inside the high manganese steel workpiece, the surface layer and deep layer hardness of the workpiece are significantly improved, and a large number of slips and refinements occur in the internal grains of the workpiece under the action of the explosion shock wave, which can simultaneously improve the tensile strength and impact toughness of the workpiece, improve the mechanical properties of the workpiece, and thus extend the service life of the workpiece.

[0003] This technology is to attach high detonation velocity special flexible explosives to the surface part of the high manganese steel workpiece that needs to improve its wear resistance, and use the high pressure generated by the explosion of the explosives to increase the hardness of the workpiece surface, thereby improving wear resistance. At the same time, the toughness of the high manganese steel remains unchanged inside the workpiece, and the characteristics of high manganese steel being strong, tough and wear-resistant can be fully exerted.

[0004] However, the existing methods for hardening high manganese steel frogs include explosion hardening treatment, shot peening treatment, chemical heat treatment, etc. Among them, in the process of explosion hardening treatment of high manganese steel frogs, the following technical problems remain to be solved:

[0005] In the past hardening treatment of high manganese steel frogs, there was also a lack of accurate positioning methods, resulting in the displacement of the frog during the hardening process, making the hardening effect uneven and affecting the performance and service life of the frog. For example, some simple fixing methods may not be able to ensure that the frog remains in the accurate position when subjected to the impact force generated by the explosion, resulting in excessive or insufficient local hardening.

[0006] In the existing explosion hardening technology, the layout of the explosion mechanism does not fully consider the requirements of different parts of the high manganese steel frog, resulting in uneven surface hardening of the frog. Some parts do not receive sufficient hardening treatment, affecting the overall performance of the frog. For example, for the top and both sides of the frog, a suitable explosion mechanism is not specifically designed, resulting in insufficient hardness improvement in these parts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical solution to solve the problems in the existing technology mentioned in the above background art by designing a mold adapted to the high manganese steel frog and installing explosion mechanisms in multiple directions between the mold and the high manganese steel frog for surface hardening treatment of the high manganese steel frog.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A high manganese steel frog explosive hardening device, comprising a mold for high manganese steel frog explosive hardening. The mold includes a lower mold, side molds and an upper mold. The high manganese steel frog is arranged inside the lower mold, side molds and upper mold. A frog limiting groove for installing the base of the high manganese steel frog is formed on the top surface of the lower mold;

[0010] On both sides inside the side molds, a frog side explosion mechanism for the explosion on both sides of the high manganese steel frog is adsorbed through a magnetic attraction mechanism;

[0011] An embedding groove is formed on the bottom surface of the upper mold. A frog center filling body and a frog top explosion mechanism are inserted and installed in the embedding groove through a mortise and tenon mechanism. On both side walls of the frog center filling body, a frog internal explosion mechanism for the explosion on both sides inside the high manganese steel frog is adsorbed through a magnetic attraction mechanism. The frog top explosion mechanism is arranged on both side walls of the embedding groove;

[0012] The gap formed between the frog internal explosion mechanism, the frog top explosion mechanism and the frog side explosion mechanism and the inside of the mold provides an installation space required for the explosion of the high manganese steel frog. The frog side explosion mechanism, the frog internal explosion mechanism and the frog top explosion mechanism jointly provide the impact force required for hardening the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog.

[0013] Preferably, the lower mold includes lower insertion slots and positioning rods. The lower insertion slots are respectively formed on both sides of the top surface of the lower mold. The positioning rods are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the lower mold. The lower mold is inserted and assembled with the side mold and the upper mold through the positioning rods.

[0014] Preferably, the side mold includes a first side mold and a second side mold. First tenons are integrally formed at both ends of the first side mold. First mortise grooves are formed at both ends of the second side mold. The two ends of the first side mold are mortise-and-tenon combined with the mortise grooves at both ends of the second side mold. First positioning holes are respectively formed at the corners of the top surfaces of the first side mold and the second side mold. The positioning rods are inserted into the interiors of the first positioning holes. Lower insertion blocks are integrally formed at the bottom surfaces of the first side mold and the second side mold. The lower insertion blocks are inserted into the interiors of the lower insertion slots.

[0015] Preferably, second positioning holes are respectively formed at the corners of the bottom surface of the upper mold. After the positioning rods are inserted into the first positioning holes, they are inserted through and into the second positioning holes, and are threadedly connected with the threaded portions at the tops of the positioning rods through nuts. The nuts are in contact with the top surface of the upper mold to assemble and fix the lower mold, the side mold and the upper mold. Upper insertion slots are formed on both sides of the bottom surface of the upper mold. Upper insertion blocks are integrally formed at the top surfaces of the first side mold and the second side mold. The upper insertion blocks are inserted into the upper insertion slots.

[0016] Preferably, the frog center filling body is made of titanium alloy. Second tenons are integrally formed on both sides of the frog center filling body. Second tenon grooves are correspondingly formed on both sides of the bottom surface of the upper die. The second tenons and the second tenon grooves are combined by mortise and tenon joints. A dovetail groove is formed at the tail of the frog center filling body according to the shape of the high manganese steel frog. The surface of the dovetail groove and both sides of the frog center filling body are adsorbed with internal explosion mechanisms of the frog through magnetic attraction mechanisms.

[0017] Preferably, the internal explosion mechanism of the frog includes a second explosive carrier plate, honeycomb grooves and inner explosive sheets. One side of the second explosive carrier plate is magnetically connected to the surface of the dovetail groove and both sides of the frog center filling body through a magnetic attraction mechanism. Uniform honeycomb grooves are formed on the other side surface of the second explosive carrier plate, and inner explosive sheets are installed in the honeycomb grooves.

[0018] Preferably, third tenon grooves are respectively formed on both sides of the upper die located in the embedding groove. The top explosion mechanism of the frog includes a first explosive carrier plate, a second silicon steel plate and top-side explosive sheets. A third tenon is integrally formed on one side of the first explosive carrier plate. The third tenon and the third tenon groove are combined by mortise and tenon joints. The other side of the first explosive carrier plate is magnetically connected to the second silicon steel plate through a magnetic attraction mechanism. A plurality of equidistant V-shaped grooves are formed on one side side wall of the second silicon steel plate. The side wall of the second silicon steel plate located on one side of the V-shaped groove is bonded to the top-side explosive sheets.

[0019] Preferably, the side explosion mechanism of the frog includes a first silicon steel plate and side explosive columns. One side of the first silicon steel plate is magnetically connected to the inner sides of the first side die and the second side die respectively through a magnetic attraction mechanism. A plurality of arc grooves are equidistantly formed on the other side wall of the first silicon steel plate, and side explosive columns are installed in the plurality of arc grooves.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic attraction mechanism includes grooves and magnetic attraction sheets. The magnetic attraction sheets are arranged on the outer side walls on both sides of the frog center filling body, in the dovetail groove formed at the tail of the frog center filling body, on the side wall of the first explosive carrier plate, and on the inner side walls of the first side die and the second side die. The grooves are respectively formed on the side walls of the second explosive carrier plate, the second silicon steel plate and the first silicon steel plate. The magnetic attraction sheets are inserted into the grooves.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for explosive hardening of high manganese steel frogs, including the following steps:

[0022] S1. Pre-hardening heat treatment;

[0023] S2. Pre-assembly and preparation of the mold;

[0024] S3. Installation of the high manganese steel frog and the explosion mechanism;

[0025] S4. Die closing and locking;

[0026] S5. Explosive hardening execution;

[0027] S6. Post-hardening heat treatment.

[0028] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: A high manganese steel frog explosive hardening device and method proposed by the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0029] 1. In the present invention, a frog limit groove for installing the base of the high manganese steel frog is provided on the top surface of the lower die. The frog limit groove matches the shape of the base of the high manganese steel frog, which can accurately position the base of the high manganese steel frog. At the same time, the lower insertion slot and the positioning rod of the lower die cooperate with the lower insertion block and the first positioning hole of the side die and the second positioning hole of the upper die respectively to realize the plug-in assembly of each part of the die. After the upper die is connected to the side die and the lower die through the positioning rod, it is further tightened by the threaded connection of the nut and the positioning rod, making the whole die a tight whole. At the same time, the plug-in connection of the upper insertion slot and the upper insertion block further enhances the stability of the die. For example, in actual explosive hardening operations, the die with this structural design can withstand the impact force generated by the explosion, maintain the tight connection of each part of the die, and will not loosen or displace, thus ensuring the accuracy and quality of the explosive hardening;

[0030] 2. In the present invention, on both inner sides of the side die, there are adsorbed with frog side explosion mechanisms for the explosion on both sides of the high manganese steel frog through magnetic attraction mechanisms. An embedding groove is provided on the bottom surface of the upper die, and a frog center filling body and a frog top explosion mechanism are inserted and installed in the embedding groove through a mortise and tenon mechanism. On both side walls of the frog center filling body, there are adsorbed with frog inner explosion mechanisms for the explosion on both inner sides of the high manganese steel frog through magnetic attraction mechanisms. These explosion mechanisms apply impact forces to the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog from different directions, and can perform heat treatment on the surface of the high manganese steel frog. Through the high temperature and high impact force generated by the explosion of the explosive, the surface of the high manganese steel frog is heat-treated, so that the metal on the surface of the high manganese steel frog undergoes plastic deformation and grain refinement, changing the physical structure of the metal on the surface of the frog, thereby improving the surface hardness and wear resistance. In practical applications, the shock waves generated by the side explosive columns of the bilateral explosion mechanism act on both sides of the high manganese steel frog, the shock waves generated by the explosion of the inner explosive sheets of the frog inner explosion mechanism act on both inner sides of the frog, and the shock waves generated by the explosion of the top explosive sheets of the frog top explosion mechanism act on the top of the frog, realizing uniform hardening treatment of each part of the frog and improving the overall performance of the frog. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the die assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2Structural schematic diagram of the split state of the mold of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the lower mold of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the side mold of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper mold, frog center filling body, frog top explosion mechanism, and frog internal explosion mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the split state of the upper mold, frog center filling body, frog top explosion mechanism, and frog internal explosion mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the frog top explosion mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of the installation demonstration of the protective cover and the mold of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the cross-section of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure:

[0042] 1. Lower mold; 11. Lower slot; 12. Positioning rod; 13. Frog limit slot;

[0043] 2. Side mold; 21. First side mold; 22. First tenon; 23. Second side mold; 24. First mortise; 25. Upper insert block; 26. Lower insert block; 27. First positioning hole;

[0044] 3. Upper mold; 31. Second positioning hole; 32. Second mortise; 33. Third mortise; 34. Upper slot; 35. Embedded slot;

[0045] 4. High manganese steel frog;

[0046] 5. Frog side explosion mechanism; 51. First silicon steel plate; 52. Arc groove; 53. Side explosive column;

[0047] 6. Frog center filling body; 61. Second tenon; 62. Dovetail groove;

[0048] 7. Explosion mechanism at the top of the frog; 71. First explosive carrier plate; 72. Second silicon steel plate; 73. Groove; 74. Magnetic sheet; 75. Top-side explosive sheet; 76. Third tenon; 77. V-shaped groove;

[0049] 8. Explosion mechanism inside the frog; 81. Second explosive carrier plate; 82. Honeycomb groove; 83. Inner-side explosive sheet;

[0050] 9. Protective cover; 91. Outer layer; 92. Intermediate layer; 93. Inner layer; 94. Warehouse opening;

[0051] 10. Feeding roller device. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary implementation manners. It should be understood that discussing these implementation manners is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the protection scope of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described in some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0053] Example 1: The invention provides, as shown in Figures 1 to 10 , a high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device, including a mold for the explosion hardening of the high manganese steel frog 4, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 . The mold includes a lower mold 1, side molds 2, and an upper mold 3. The high manganese steel frog 4 is arranged inside the lower mold 1, side molds 2, and upper mold 3. As a whole structure, the mold surrounds the high manganese steel frog 4 inside through the combination of the lower mold 1, side molds 2, and upper mold 3, forming a relatively enclosed space for the explosion hardening operation. A frog limiting groove 13 for installing the base of the high manganese steel frog 4 is provided on the top surface of the lower mold 1. The frog limiting groove 13 of the lower mold 1 is used to accurately position the base of the high manganese steel frog 4, so that it has an accurate position in the mold;

[0054] During the use of the high manganese steel frog 4, its surface needs to have high hardness and wear resistance to extend its service life. The explosion hardening technology can harden the surface of the frog through the impact force generated by the explosion, so as to perform heat treatment on the high manganese steel frog 4. The role of the mold is to provide a stable support and positioning structure for the high manganese steel frog 4, and at the same time provide a suitable space for the arrangement of explosives. As shown in Figure 3 , the frog limiting groove 13 matches the shape of the base of the high manganese steel frog 4, which can ensure that the frog does not displace in the mold, guarantee the uniformity of the explosion hardening effect, contribute to improving the accuracy and quality of the explosion hardening, and lay a foundation for the subsequent explosion operation.

[0055] Specifically, the lower mold 1 includes lower slots 11 and positioning rods 12. The lower slots 11 are respectively opened on both sides of the top surface of the lower mold 1, and the positioning rods 12 are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the lower mold 1. The lower mold 1 is inserted and assembled with the side mold and the upper mold 3 through the positioning rods 12, as Figure 4 shown. The side mold 2 includes a first side mold 21 and a second side mold 23. At both ends of the first side mold 21, first tenons 22 are integrally formed. At both ends of the second side mold 23, first mortises 24 are opened. The two ends of the first side mold 21 are tenon-and-mortise jointed with the mortises at both ends of the second side mold 23 through the first tenons 22. The first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23 of the side mold 2 are combined together through a tenon-and-mortise structure (the first tenon 22 and the first mortise 24) to form a complete side mold 2 structure. At the top surface corners of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23, first positioning holes 27 are respectively opened. The positioning rods 12 are inserted into the interiors of the first positioning holes 27. At the bottom surfaces of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23, lower inserting blocks 26 are integrally formed. The lower inserting blocks 26 are inserted into the interiors of the lower slots 11, as Figure 7 shown. At the bottom surface corners of the upper mold 3, second positioning holes 31 are respectively opened. After the positioning rods 12 are inserted into the first positioning holes 27, they are inserted through and into the second positioning holes 31, and are threadedly connected with the threaded parts at the tops of the positioning rods 12 through nuts. The nuts are in contact with the top surface of the upper mold 3 to assemble and fix the lower mold 1, the side mold, and the upper mold 3. On both sides of the bottom surface of the upper mold 3, upper slots 34 are opened. At the top surfaces of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23, upper inserting blocks 25 are integrally formed. The upper inserting blocks 25 are inserted into the upper slots 34.

[0056] The lower slots 11 and the positioning rods 12 of the lower mold 1 cooperate with the lower inserting blocks 26 and the first positioning holes 27 of the side mold 2 and the second positioning holes 31 of the upper mold 3 respectively to realize the insertion and assembly of each part of the mold. After the upper mold 3 is connected with the side mold 2 and the lower mold 1 through the positioning rods 12, it is further fastened through the threaded connection between the nuts and the positioning rods 12, making the whole mold become a tight whole. The insertion of the upper slots 34 and the upper inserting blocks 25 further enhances the stability of the mold. The purpose is to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the mold, and at the same time ensure that the mold has sufficient strength and stability during the explosion process. The tenon-and-mortise structure is a traditional and effective connection method, which can disperse and bear the impact force generated by the explosion to a certain extent. The cooperation between the positioning rods 12 and the positioning holes and the insertion of the inserting blocks and the slots ensure the accurate alignment and tight connection between each part of the mold, preventing loosening or displacement during the explosion process. During the explosion hardening process, a stable mold structure can ensure that the impact force generated by the explosive acts uniformly on the high manganese steel frog 4, improving the consistency and reliability of the hardening effect. At the same time, the detachable structure is also beneficial to the maintenance and reuse of the mold.

[0057] On both inner sides of the side mold 2, there are fork side explosion mechanisms 5 adsorbed by magnetic attraction mechanisms for the explosion on both sides of the high manganese steel frog 4. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the fork side explosion mechanism 5 includes a first silicon steel plate 51 and side explosive columns 53. One side of the first silicon steel plate 51 is magnetically connected to the inner sides of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23 respectively through a magnetic attraction mechanism. On the other side wall of the first silicon steel plate 51, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 52 are equidistantly arranged. Side explosive columns 53 are installed in each of the plurality of arc-shaped grooves 52. The magnetic attraction mechanism uses magnetic force to adsorb the first silicon steel plate 51 on the inner side of the side mold 2 and fix it in a suitable position. The arc-shaped grooves 52 on the first silicon steel plate 51 are used to place the side explosive columns 53. When the explosive explodes, the shock wave generated by the side explosive columns 53 will act on both sides of the high manganese steel frog 4, hardening its surface. The design of its arc-shaped grooves 52 can make the side explosive columns 53 be arranged more closely and can transfer the shock wave to both sides of the high manganese steel frog 4 more effectively during the explosion;

[0058] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, an embedding groove 35 is opened on the bottom surface of the upper mold 3. A frog center filling body 6 and a frog top explosion mechanism 7 are inserted and installed in the embedding groove 35 through a mortise and tenon mechanism. On both side walls of the frog center filling body 6, there are fork inner explosion mechanisms 8 adsorbed by magnetic attraction mechanisms for the explosion on both inner sides of the high manganese steel frog 4. The frog center filling body 6 is made of titanium alloy. Because titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, low density, and good corrosion resistance, it can withstand a certain impact force during the explosion and at the same time reduce the overall weight of the mold. Second tenons 61 are integrally formed on both sides of the frog center filling body 6 respectively. Second mortise grooves 32 are correspondingly opened on both sides of the bottom surface of the upper mold 3. The second tenons 61 and the second mortise grooves 32 are mortised together. A dovetail groove 62 is opened at the tail of the frog center filling body 6 according to the shape of the high manganese steel frog 4. Fork inner explosion mechanisms 8 are adsorbed on the surface of the dovetail groove 62 and both sides of the frog center filling body 6 through magnetic attraction mechanisms.

[0059] The embedding groove 35 of the upper mold 3 is connected to the frog center filling body 6 through a mortise and tenon mechanism (the second tenon 61 and the second mortise groove 32), fixing it on the bottom surface of the upper mold 3. The dovetail groove 62 and both side surfaces of the frog center filling body 6 adsorb the fork inner explosion mechanism 8 through a magnetic attraction mechanism. When the explosive explodes, the shock wave generated by the fork inner explosion mechanism 8 will act on both inner sides of the high manganese steel frog 4, realizing the hardening of the inner two side surfaces.

[0060] As Figure 7As shown, the internal explosion mechanism 8 of the frog includes a second explosive carrier plate 81, honeycomb grooves 82, and inner explosive sheets 83. One side of the second explosive carrier plate 81 is magnetically connected to the surface of the dovetail groove 62 and both sides of the frog center filler 6 through a magnetic attraction mechanism. Uniform honeycomb grooves 82 are formed on the other side surface of the second explosive carrier plate 81, and inner explosive sheets 83 are installed in the honeycomb grooves 82. The design of the honeycomb grooves 82 enables the inner explosive sheets 83 to be evenly arranged on the second explosive carrier plate 81. When the inner explosive sheets 83 explode, the generated shock waves will act evenly on the inner two side surfaces of the high manganese steel frog 4 to achieve hardening. The design of the internal explosion mechanism 8 of the frog ensures that the inner two side surfaces of the high manganese steel frog 4 can be evenly hardened, improving the overall performance of the frog. The combination of the honeycomb grooves 82 and the inner explosive sheets 83 and the application of the magnetic attraction mechanism make the explosion hardening process more controllable and efficient, and can meet the hardening requirements of the high manganese steel frog 4 under different working conditions.

[0061] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog is arranged on the two side walls of the embedding groove 35. Third mortise grooves 33 are respectively formed on both sides of the upper die 3 located in the embedding groove 35. The top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog includes a first explosive carrier plate 71, a second silicon steel plate 72, and top side explosive sheets 75. A third tenon 76 is integrally formed on one side of the first explosive carrier plate 71, and the third tenon 76 is mortise-and-tenon jointed with the third mortise groove 33. The other side of the first explosive carrier plate 71 is magnetically connected to the second silicon steel plate 72 through a magnetic attraction mechanism. A plurality of equidistant V-shaped grooves 77 are formed on one side wall of the second silicon steel plate 72, and the top side explosive sheets 75 are bonded to the side wall of the second silicon steel plate 72 located on one side of the V-shaped grooves 77.

[0062] The first explosive carrier plate 71 is mortise-and-tenon jointed with the third mortise groove 33 of the upper die 3 through the third tenon 76 and fixed on the two side walls of the embedding groove 35. The first explosive carrier plate 71 is then connected to the second silicon steel plate 72 through a magnetic attraction mechanism. The V-shaped grooves 77 on the second silicon steel plate 72 are used to bond the top side explosive sheets 75. When the top side explosive sheets 75 explode, the generated shock waves will act on the top of the high manganese steel frog 4 to achieve hardening of the top surface. The double fixing methods of mortise-and-tenon joint and magnetic attraction mechanism ensure the stability and reliability of the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog. At the same time, the design of the V-shaped grooves 77 can more effectively transmit the shock waves to the top of the high manganese steel frog 4 during the explosion. The setting of the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog enables the top of the high manganese steel frog 4 to also be hardened, further improving the overall hardness and wear resistance of the frog.

[0063] It is worth noting that as Figure 8As shown, the magnetic attraction mechanism includes a groove 73 and a magnetic attraction sheet 74. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is arranged on the outer two side walls of the frog center filling body 6. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is arranged in a dovetail groove 62 opened at the tail of the frog center filling body 6. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is arranged on the side wall of the first explosive carrier plate 71. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is arranged on the inner side walls of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23. The grooves 73 are respectively opened on the side walls of the second explosive carrier plate 81, the second silicon steel plate 72 and the first silicon steel plate 51. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is inserted into the groove 73;

[0064] The magnetic attraction mechanism utilizes the interaction between the magnetic attraction sheet 74 and the groove 73 to adsorb each component together by magnetic force. The magnetic attraction sheet 74 is usually made of a magnetic material, and the groove 73 provides a fixed position for the magnetic attraction sheet 74. When the magnetic attraction sheet 74 is inserted into the groove 73, the magnetic force makes them tightly connected to achieve the fixation of the components. Compared with traditional bolt connections or other fixation methods, the magnetic attraction mechanism does not require additional tools, and the installation and disassembly processes are simple, which can greatly improve work efficiency. The application of the magnetic attraction mechanism makes the assembly of the mold and the installation of the explosion mechanism more flexible and efficient. It can quickly adjust the positions and combination methods of the components according to different working requirements to adapt to the explosion hardening operations of high manganese steel frogs 4 of different specifications.

[0065] The gap formed between the internal explosion mechanism 8 of the frog, the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog and the side explosion mechanism 5 of the frog and the inside of the mold provides the installation space required for the explosion of the high manganese steel frog 4. The side explosion mechanism 5 of the frog, the internal explosion mechanism 8 of the frog and the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog jointly provide the impact force required for hardening the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog 4.

[0066] The gaps between each explosion mechanism and the inside of the mold provide a placement space for the high manganese steel frog 4 to ensure that the frog can be fully affected by the shock wave generated by the explosion of the explosive during the explosion process. The side explosion mechanism 5 of the frog, the internal explosion mechanism 8 of the frog and the top explosion mechanism 7 of the frog respectively apply impact forces to the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog 4 from different directions, causing plastic deformation and grain refinement of the metal on the frog surface, so as to change the physical structure of the metal on the surface of the high manganese steel frog 4, thereby improving the surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0067] A further optional preferred solution is: as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown in the figure, in order to prevent potential safety hazards caused by sudden accidents, after the mold and the high manganese steel frog 4 are assembled, they are fed into the protective cover 9 through the feeding roller device 10 from the bin opening 94 of the protective cover 9. The protective cover 9 is fixed upside down on the ground in a hemispherical shape. The protective cover 9 is divided into three layers. The outer layer 91 is made of steel plate, the middle layer 92 is an energy-absorbing material, such as porous metal foam, and the inner layer 93 is a heat-insulating layer. When the high manganese steel frog 4 is explosively hardened by the mold, if an accident occurs, the generated shock wave can be completely covered by the protective cover 9 to improve the safety of the high manganese steel frog 4 explosive hardening device.

[0068] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to specifically realize the explosive hardening treatment of the high manganese steel frog, the present invention also provides a method for explosive hardening of the high manganese steel frog, which includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Pre-hardening heat treatment. Before the explosive hardening treatment of the high manganese steel frog 4, solution treatment (heating to 1050°C and water quenching) is carried out on the high manganese steel frog 4 to eliminate residual stress and improve plasticity.

[0070] S2. Pre-assembly and preparation of the mold;

[0071] Positioning of the lower mold 1. Place the lower mold 1 horizontally on the explosion-proof base, ensure that the frog limiting groove 13 on its top surface matches the shape of the base of the high manganese steel frog 4, and check the cleanliness of the lower slot 11 and the positioning rod 12 to avoid foreign objects affecting the assembly accuracy;

[0072] Assembly of the side mold 2. Combine the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23 through mortise and tenon joints. The first tenon 22 at both ends of the first side mold 21 is inserted into the first mortise groove 24 at both ends of the second side mold 23. Insert the lower insertion block 26 of the assembled side mold 2 into the lower slot 11 of the lower mold 1, and fix it by inserting and connecting with the first positioning hole 27 through the positioning rod 12;

[0073] Pre-assembly of the upper mold 3. Combine the frog center filling body 6 with the second mortise groove 32 of the upper mold 3 through the second tenon 61. Install the frog top explosion mechanism 7 on both sides of the embedding groove 35. The third tenon 76 is inserted into the third mortise groove 33 of the upper mold 3 to ensure that the first explosive carrier plate 71 and the second silicon steel plate 72 are fixed by the magnetic attraction sheet 74;

[0074] S3. Installation of the high manganese steel frog 4 and the explosion mechanism;

[0075] Positioning of the high manganese steel frog 4. Insert the base of the high manganese steel frog 4 into the frog limiting groove 13 of the lower mold 1 to ensure that its axis is aligned with the center of the mold;

[0076] Installation of the side explosion mechanism. Adsorb the first silicon steel plate 51 on the inner sides of the first side mold 21 and the second side mold 23 through the magnetic attraction sheet 74, and evenly place the side explosive columns 53 in the arc groove 52 to ensure that the spacing error ≤ 1mm;

[0077] Installation of the internal explosion mechanism: Adsorb the second explosive carrier plate 81 to the dovetail groove 62 and both side surfaces of the frog center filling body 6 through the magnetic sheet 74, and load the inner explosive sheet 83 into the honeycomb groove 82 to ensure that each explosive sheet fits tightly with the honeycomb groove 82.

[0078] Fixing of the top explosion mechanism: Bond the side wall of the V-shaped groove 77 of the second silicon steel plate 72 to the top-side explosive sheet 75, and check the firmness of the insertion of the magnetic sheet 74 into the groove 73.

[0079] S4. Mold closing and locking;

[0080] Assembly of the upper mold 3: Press down the pre-assembled upper mold 3 so that the second positioning hole 31 is aligned with and inserted into the positioning rod 12, and the upper insert block 25 is inserted into the upper slot 34 of the upper mold 3 to ensure that the side mold 2 fits tightly with the upper mold 3.

[0081] Bolt tightening: Install a nut on the threaded part at the top of the positioning rod 12 and tighten it until the nut abuts against the top surface of the upper mold 3, and apply a torque of 10 - 15 N·m.

[0082] S5. Execution of explosion hardening;

[0083] Use electronic detonators for staged detonation:

[0084] First-stage detonation: The side explosive column 53 and the inner explosive sheet 83 detonate synchronously with a delay of 0 ms.

[0085] Second-stage detonation: The top-side explosive sheet 75 detonates with a delay of 0.2 ms to enhance the shock wave superposition effect. The peak value of the shock wave pressure is controlled at 15 - 25 GPa, and the depth of the hardened layer reaches 10 - 15 mm.

[0086] S6. Post-hardening heat treatment: The high manganese steel frog 4 after explosion is subjected to low-temperature tempering (held at 200 - 250 °C for 2 h) to release the microscopic stress generated by the explosion and prevent crack propagation.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mould for explosive hardening of a high manganese steel frog (4), the mould comprising a lower mould (1), a side mould (2) and an upper mould (3), the high manganese steel frog (4) being arranged inside the lower mould (1), the side mould (2) and the upper mould (3), and the top surface of the lower mould (1) being provided with a frog limit groove (13) for mounting a base of the high manganese steel frog (4); Frog side explosion mechanisms (5) for exploding the two sides of the high manganese steel frog (4) are adsorbed on both sides of the side mold (2) through a magnetic attraction mechanism; The bottom surface of the upper mold (3) is provided with an embedding groove (35), in which a frog center filling body (6) and a frog top explosion mechanism (7) are inserted and installed through a mortise and tenon mechanism, and the frog internal explosion mechanism (8) for explosion on both sides of the high manganese steel frog (4) is adsorbed on the side walls of the embedding groove (35) through a magnetic attraction mechanism, and the frog top explosion mechanism (7) is arranged on the side walls of the embedding groove (35); The gap formed between the frog internal explosion mechanism (8), the frog top explosion mechanism (7), the frog side explosion mechanism (5) and the inside of the mold provides an installation space required for the explosion of the high manganese steel frog (4); the frog side explosion mechanism (5), the frog internal explosion mechanism (8) and the frog top explosion mechanism (7) jointly provide the impact force required for hardening the outer surface of the high manganese steel frog (4); The tail of the frog center filling body (6) is provided with a dovetail groove (62) according to the shape of the high manganese steel frog (4); the surface of the dovetail groove (62) is adsorbed with a frog internal explosion mechanism (8) through a magnetic attraction mechanism; the frog internal explosion mechanism (8) comprises a second explosive carrier plate (81), a honeycomb groove (82) and an inner explosive piece (83); one side of the second explosive carrier plate (81) is magnetically connected to the surface of the dovetail groove (62) and two sides of the frog center filling body (6) through a magnetic attraction mechanism; the other side of the second explosive carrier plate (81) is provided with uniform honeycomb grooves (82), and the inner explosive pieces (83) are all installed in the honeycomb grooves (82); The upper mold (3) is provided with third tenons (33) on both sides of the embedding groove (35), the frog top explosion mechanism (7) comprises a first explosive carrier plate (71), a second silicon steel plate (72) and a top explosive sheet (75), one side of the first explosive carrier plate (71) is integrally formed with a third tenon (76), the third tenon (76) and the third tenon (33) are joined by mortise and tenon joints, the other side of the first explosive carrier plate (71) is magnetically connected to the second silicon steel plate (72) via a magnetic attraction mechanism, a side wall of one side of the second silicon steel plate (72) is provided with a plurality of equidistant V-shaped grooves (77), and a side wall of the second silicon steel plate (72) located on one side of the V-shaped groove (77) is bonded to the top explosive sheet (75); The frog side explosion mechanism (5) comprises a first silicon steel plate (51) and a side explosive column (53), one side of the first silicon steel plate (51) is magnetically connected to the inner sides of the first side mold (21) and the second side mold (23) respectively through a magnetic attraction mechanism, and the other side wall of the first silicon steel plate (51) is provided with a plurality of arc grooves (52) at equal intervals, and the plurality of arc grooves (52) are each equipped with a side explosive column (53).

2. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold (1) comprises a lower slot (11) and a positioning rod (12), wherein the lower slot (11) is respectively provided on both sides of the top surface of the lower mold (1), and the positioning rod (12) is fixedly arranged at four corners of the top surface of the lower mold (1), and the lower mold (1) is plug-connected and assembled with the side mold and the upper mold (3) via the positioning rod (12).

3. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side mold (2) comprises a first side mold (21) and a second side mold (23); first tenons (22) are integrally formed at both ends of the first side mold (21); first tenons (24) are provided at both ends of the second side mold (23); the two ends of the first side mold (21) are mortise and tenoned with the tenons (22) and the tenons (24) at both ends of the second side mold (23); first positioning holes (27) are respectively provided at the top corners of the first side mold (21) and the second side mold (23); the positioning rods (12) are plugged into the inside of the first positioning holes (27); lower insert blocks (26) are integrally formed on the bottom surfaces of the first side mold (21) and the second side mold (23); the lower insert blocks (26) are plugged into the inside of the lower slot (11).

4. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Second positioning holes (31) are respectively provided at the bottom corners of the upper mold (3); the positioning rod (12) is inserted into the first positioning hole (27) and then inserted into the second positioning hole (31), and is threadedly connected to the top of the positioning rod (12) through a nut; the nut contacts the top surface of the upper mold (3) to assemble and fix the lower mold (1), the side mold and the upper mold (3); upper slots (34) are provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the upper mold (3); upper plug blocks (25) are integrally formed on the top surfaces of the first side mold (21) and the second side mold (23); and the upper plug blocks (25) are inserted into the upper slots (34).

5. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frog center filling body (6) is made of titanium alloy, and second tenons (61) are integrally formed on both sides of the frog center filling body (6), and second tenons (32) are correspondingly formed on both sides of the bottom surface of the upper mold (3), and the second tenons (61) and the second tenons (32) are connected by mortise and tenon joints.

6. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction mechanism comprises a groove (73) and a magnetic attraction sheet (74); the magnetic attraction sheet (74) is arranged on the outer side walls of the frog center filling body (6); the magnetic attraction sheet (74) is arranged in a dovetail groove (62) opened at the tail of the frog center filling body (6); the magnetic attraction sheet (74) is arranged on the side wall of the first explosive carrier plate (71); the magnetic attraction sheet (74) is arranged on the inner side walls of the first side mold (21) and the second side mold (23); the groove (73) is respectively opened on the side walls of the second explosive carrier plate (81), the second silicon steel plate (72) and the first silicon steel plate (51); and the magnetic attraction sheet (74) is plugged into the groove (73).

7. A method for explosive hardening of a high manganese steel frog, using a high manganese steel frog explosive hardening device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, pre-hardening heat treatment; S2, mold pre-assembly and preparation; S3, installation of high manganese steel frog and explosion mechanism; S4, mold closing and locking; S5, Explosion hardening execution; S6. Post-hardening heat treatment.

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