Novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure and a construction method thereof. Comprising two longitudinal beams, claw hooks, a supporting column and a cross beam, the two longitudinal beams are arranged side by side in parallel, the middles of the two longitudinal beams are fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross beam to form an H-shaped bottom plate structure, the areas, defined by the longitudinal beams, of the two sides of the cross beam are limiting grooves, and the upper end face of the middle of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the lower end of the supporting column; the upper end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with one end of each claw hook, the other end of each claw hook is fixedly connected with one side of the upper end face of each longitudinal beam, the width of each longitudinal beam is equal to one half of the length of the cross beam, the two longitudinal beams are embedded into the limiting groove side by side, and the ends of the two longitudinal beams abut against the side face of the cross beam. The ecological bottom protection structure has the advantages of being good in integrity, convenient to construct and install and high in scouring resistance and wave resistance, and meanwhile by means of the structural characteristics of the ecological bottom protection structure, the water permeability of the bottom protection structure and protection of the ecological environment of a water area are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coastal bottom protection, and in particular to a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The structural forms of coastal bottom protection projects are mainly divided into three categories: riprap bottom protection, soft concrete block bottom protection and other bottom protection. Riprap bottom protection has been used early and widely in coastal engineering. Its advantages include convenient material acquisition, simple and flexible construction, and phased implementation. Riprap bottom protection has a wide adaptability to complex conditions such as water depth, bank slope and flow rate, and can resist the damage caused by boats' punting and anchoring. It has mature construction experience and obvious anti-scouring effect, but its integrity and flexibility are poor. Soft concrete block bottom protection has good integrity and self-strength, and can automatically adjust its strain capacity, especially when it is scoured, it can quickly compensate and adjust to prevent further damage. However, soft concrete block bottom protection cannot withstand direct scouring of water flow for a long time, and protective ballast is required to dissipate energy and fix the ballast. Protect the continuous stability of the coastal environment. Other bottom protection structures are often solid blocks, relying on a large amount of concrete or metal support, which makes it difficult to balance permeability and stability, and has an adverse impact on the ecological environment of the water area. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a bottom protection structure with multiple functions, including anti-scouring, wave-breaking, and ecological protection.

[0003] To this end, we designed a new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure and its construction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, such as the poor integrity of coastal bottom protection projects, the need for protective ballast to dissipate energy and fix the row body, and the lack of consideration for the impact on the water environment. A new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure and its construction method are proposed. Each individual bottom protection structure is constrained and fixed to each other, making the entire bottom protection structure more stable and more integrated. The claw hook can effectively resist water flow impact and wave erosion. As an artificial fish reef, it can also provide a good spawning place and a safe habitat for aquatic organisms, which is conducive to ecological environmental protection.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure comprises a longitudinal beam, a claw hook, a support column and a cross beam, wherein two longitudinal beams are arranged side by side in parallel, and the middle parts of the two longitudinal beams are fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross beam to form an H-shaped bottom plate structure, and the areas on both sides of the cross beam enclosed by the longitudinal beams are limiting grooves, and the upper end surface of the middle part of the cross beam is fixedly connected to the lower end part of the support column, the upper end part of the support column is fixedly connected to one end of the claw hook, and the other end of the claw hook is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end surface of the longitudinal beam, and four claw hooks are arranged, and the two ends of the longitudinal beam are respectively fixedly connected to the end of each claw hook, the width of the longitudinal beam is equal to half of the length of the cross beam, and the two longitudinal beams are embedded in the limiting groove side by side, and the ends of the two longitudinal beams are against the side of the cross beam.

[0007] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the longitudinal beam and the cross beam are both plate-like structures, and both have the same width and thickness. The length of the longitudinal beam is equal to the length of the cross beam plus the width of the cross beam.

[0008] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the outer peripheral contour of the claw hook is a tetrahedral structure, and the claw hook structure path is a quarter arc shape.

[0009] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, among the four claw hooks, the planes where the axes of any two adjacent claw hooks are located are in a vertical state.

[0010] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the support column is a cylindrical structure, and its diameter is no greater than the width of the crossbeam.

[0011] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the longitudinal beam, claw hook, support column and cross beam are integrally formed by using a mold and concrete casting, and the longitudinal beam, claw hook, support column and cross beam are all provided with steel bars.

[0012] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the intersection between the end of the claw hook and the top of the support column is an arc-shaped surface.

[0013] A construction method of a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0014] Excavate the foundation. According to the construction elevation, excavate the foundation surface, compact the foundation, and mark the starting point of the bottom protection structure;

[0015] For laying the bottom protection structure, at the starting point of the foundation surface, place the longitudinal beams of two bottom protection structures against each other, and arrange the longitudinal beam of another bottom protection structure perpendicular to the cross beam. The longitudinal beams of the three bottom protection structures are interlocked with each other. Repeat the above laying method to fully lay the bottom protection structure on the foundation.

[0016] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the laying direction of the longitudinal beams is consistent with the water flow direction; the longitudinal beams of the three bottom protection structures are interlocked in the following way: the longitudinal beams of two bottom protection structures are embedded in the limiting grooves side by side, and the ends of the longitudinal beams of the two bottom protection structures are against the sides of the cross beams of the third two bottom protection structures.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the ecological bottom protection structure proposed by the present invention has good integrity, is easy to construct and install, has strong anti-scouring and anti-wave performance, and at the same time, by utilizing its own structural characteristics, takes into account the water permeability of the bottom protection structure and the protection of the ecological environment of the water area. The longitudinal beams of each bottom protection structure of the present invention are mutually engaged and constrained to form a stable connection relationship, thereby improving the stability and impact resistance of the entire bottom protection structure; utilizing the overhead space of the claw hook, on the one hand, it can effectively resist the impact of water flow and wave erosion, and improve the wave-breaking performance; on the other hand, it can also be used as an artificial fish reef, providing a good spawning place and a safe habitat for aquatic organisms, which is helpful for the ecological environment protection of the water area where the bottom protection structure is located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of a new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure proposed in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction and installation of a new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure proposed in this embodiment.

[0020] The numbers in the figure are: 1. longitudinal beam; 2. claw hook; 3. support column; 4. cross beam; 5. bottom plate structure; 6. limiting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Coastal bottom protection projects play an important role in protecting the coastline and maintaining the stability of the seabed. Through various means, they can effectively reduce seabed scouring, improve water flow conditions, and protect the sustainable stability of the coastal environment. Different from traditional solid blocks, they rely on a large amount of concrete or metal support, making it difficult to balance permeability and stability, cutting off the contact between aquatic organisms and land, and causing negative impacts on the marine ecosystem.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment introduces a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure, including a longitudinal beam 1, a claw hook 2, a support column 3 and a cross beam 4. Two longitudinal beams 1 are arranged in parallel, and the middle parts of the two longitudinal beams 1 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross beam 4 to form an H-shaped bottom plate structure 5. The areas on both sides of the cross beam 4 surrounded by the longitudinal beams 1 are limiting grooves 6. The upper end surface of the middle part of the cross beam 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support column 3, and the upper end of the support column 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the claw hook 2, and the other end of the claw hook 2 is fixed to the longitudinal beam 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end surface, four claw hooks 2 are set, and the two ends of the longitudinal beam 1 are fixedly connected to the end of each claw hook 2 respectively. The width of the longitudinal beam 1 is equal to half the length of the cross beam 4. The two longitudinal beams 1 are embedded in the limiting groove 6 side by side, and the ends of the two longitudinal beams 1 are against the side of the cross beam 4. Since the width of the longitudinal beam 1 is equal to half the length of the cross beam 4, the two longitudinal beams 1 are just embedded in the limiting groove 6 enclosed by the cross beam 4 and the longitudinal beams 1 on both sides, and the bottom protection structures are tightly and firmly connected. Each individual bottom protection structure is mutually constrained and fixed, so that the bottom protection structure project has a strong integrity, and the bottom protection structure can achieve good stability with the help of its own weight as a whole, without the need to use protective ballast to dissipate energy and fix the row body.

[0024] Specifically, the longitudinal beam 1 and the cross beam 4 are both plate-like structures, and the width and thickness of the longitudinal beam 1 are the same, and the length of the longitudinal beam 1 is equal to the length of the cross beam 4 plus the width of the longitudinal beam 1 or the cross beam 4. The outer contour of the claw hook 2 is a tetrahedral structure, and the structural path of the claw hook 2 is a quarter-circular arc. Among the four claw hooks 2, the plane where the axes of any two adjacent claw hooks 2 are located is in a vertical state. The support column 3 is a cylindrical structure, and its diameter is not greater than the width of the cross beam 4; the intersection of the end of the claw hook 2 and the top of the support column 3 is an arc surface.

[0025] The longitudinal beam 1, the claw hook 2, the support column 3 and the cross beam 4 are integrally formed by using a mold and concrete pouring. The longitudinal beam 1, the claw hook 2, the support column 3 and the cross beam 4 are all provided with steel bars to enhance the strength and scour resistance of the bottom protection structure.

[0026] In this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure, a construction method of the novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure is also proposed, and the method mainly includes the following steps:

[0027] Excavate the foundation. According to the construction elevation, excavate the foundation surface, compact the foundation, and mark the starting point of the bottom protection structure;

[0028] When laying the bottom protection structure, at the starting point of the foundation surface, place the longitudinal beams 1 of two bottom protection structures against each other, and arrange the longitudinal beam 1 of another bottom protection structure perpendicular to the cross beam 4. It should be noted that the laying direction of the longitudinal beam 1 is consistent with the direction of water flow. Under the action of water flow, the longitudinal beam 1 and the cross beam 4 are more firmly supported against each other.

[0029] The longitudinal beams 1 of the three bottom protection structures are interlocked with each other, and the above-mentioned laying method is repeated to fully lay the foundation of the bottom protection structure. Specifically, the longitudinal beams 1 of the three bottom protection structures are interlocked with each other in the following manner: two longitudinal beams 1 of the bottom protection structure are embedded in the limiting groove 6 side by side, and the ends of the longitudinal beams 1 of the two bottom protection structures are against the side of the cross beam 4 of the third two bottom protection structures, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0030] The present embodiment adopts a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure formed by the above-mentioned laying method. The bottom plate, claw hook and support column are integrally formed to make the entire bottom protection structure more stable and can effectively resist the impact of water flow and wave erosion. It is difficult to flip or overturn under the action of unidirectional flow at high tide, and the individual blocks that flip or overturn under the action of water flow can return to their original positions at low tide. The claw hook design provides gaps, which can be used as artificial fish reefs, providing a good spawning place and a safe habitat for aquatic organisms, helping to protect and increase the number and species of aquatic organisms, and can achieve good stability by relying on the overall weight of the bottom protection structure. Through the bite and splicing between the longitudinal beams of the bottom protection structure, each bottom protection structure is tightly and firmly connected, which greatly improves the integrity, stability and scour resistance of the bottom protection structure project.

[0031] This embodiment is explained in combination with actual engineering applications and experimental conditions. The flow velocity change of the bottom protection structure under the action of waves is verified by experiments, and the rising flow velocity is measured. The strength of the rising flow affects the transportation of nutrients, plays a role in the full exchange of nutrients and the proliferation of biological resources. Under the premise of ensuring stability, the present invention has the least impact on the rising flow, and the specific flow velocity change is shown in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1 Comparison of upwelling strength of different bottom protection

[0033] Bottom protection type <![CDATA[V max / V0]]> <![CDATA[V ave / V0]]> New bottom protection 0.71 0.16 Four-legged hollow cube 0.65 0.14 Twist King Block 0.44 0.12

[0034] Among them, V max is the maximum rising velocity, V ave is the mean value of the rising velocity, and V0 is the incoming flow velocity. It can be seen that under the same wave dynamics, the new bottom protection structure has smaller rising flow changes than the four-legged hollow cube and the twisted king block, which is more conducive to the exchange of nutrients in the water body and provides a good habitat for aquatic organisms.

[0035] The relationship between the stability of the bottom protection structure and the wave elements in this embodiment can be determined as follows:

[0036] M>16H 2 -44.7H

[0037] M is the stable weight of the bottom protection and H is the design wave height.

[0038] The relationship between the stable weight of the bottom protection structure and the design wave height is shown in Table 2 below.

[0039] Table 2 Relationship between stable weight of bottom protection structure and design wave height

[0040] Wave height H(m) Stable weight M(kg) 3.5 40 4 80 4.5 120 5 180 5.5 240 6 310 6.5 390 7 480 7.5 570 8 670 8.5 780

[0041] According to the relationship between the stable weight of the bottom protection structure and the design wave height, with reference to the annual hydrological conditions of the application waters, focusing on the wave height data of the waters, the stable weight of the bottom protection structure that meets the use requirements is selected, which provides a scientific reference value for the selection and manufacture of the bottom protection structure.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a longitudinal beam (1), a claw hook (2), a support column (3) and a cross beam (4), wherein two longitudinal beams (1) are arranged in parallel, the middle parts of the two longitudinal beams (1) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross beam (4) to form an H-shaped bottom plate structure (5), the areas on both sides of the cross beam (4) enclosed by the longitudinal beams (1) are limiting grooves (6), the upper end surface of the middle part of the cross beam (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support column (3), the upper end of the support column (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the claw hook (2), and the other end of the claw hook (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end surface of the longitudinal beam (1), four claw hooks (2) are arranged, the two ends of the longitudinal beam (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the end of each claw hook (2), the width of the longitudinal beam (1) is equal to half the length of the cross beam (4), the two longitudinal beams (1) are embedded in the limiting grooves (6) side by side, and the ends of the two longitudinal beams (1) are against the side of the cross beam (4).

2. A new claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal beam (1) and the cross beam (4) are both plate-shaped structures, and both have the same width and thickness. The length of the longitudinal beam (1) is equal to the sum of the length of the cross beam (4) and the width of the cross beam (4).

3. The novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer peripheral contour of the claw hook (2) is a tetrahedral structure, and the structural path of the claw hook (2) is a quarter-circular arc.

4. The novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Among the four claw hooks (2), the planes where the axes of any two adjacent claw hooks (2) are located are in a vertical state.

5. The novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support column (3) is a cylindrical structure, and its diameter is no greater than the width of the crossbeam (4).

6. The novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The longitudinal beam (1), the claw hook (2), the support column (3) and the cross beam (4) are integrally formed by using a mould and a concrete pouring method, and the longitudinal beam (1), the claw hook (2), the support column (3) and the cross beam (4) are all provided with steel bars.

7. The novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intersection between the end of the claw hook (2) and the top of the support column (3) is an arc-shaped surface.

8. A construction method for a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Excavate the foundation. According to the construction elevation, excavate the foundation surface, compact the foundation, and mark the starting point of the bottom protection structure; The bottom protection structure is laid. At the starting point of the foundation surface, two longitudinal beams (1) of the bottom protection structure are placed close to each other, and another longitudinal beam (1) of the bottom protection structure is arranged perpendicularly to the cross beam (4). The three longitudinal beams (1) of the bottom protection structure are interlocked with each other. The above laying method is repeated until the bottom protection structure is fully laid on the foundation.

9. The construction method of a novel claw-shaped ecological bottom protection structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The laying direction of the longitudinal beams (1) is consistent with the direction of water flow; the longitudinal beams (1) of the three bottom protection structures are interlocked in the following manner: the longitudinal beams (1) of the two bottom protection structures are embedded side by side in the limiting groove (6), and the ends of the longitudinal beams (1) of the two bottom protection structures are butted against the side surfaces of the cross beams (4) of the third two bottom protection structures.

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