Coal rock spectrum identification device for while-drilling electromagnetic wave transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal rock spectrum identification device based on while-drilling electromagnetic wave transmission. The coal rock spectrum identification device is mainly composed of a spectrum data acquisition system, a transmission system and an operation system. Wherein the spectral data acquisition system comprises a drill bit and a spectrometer miniature probe; the transmission system comprises a signal transmitter, an insulating box, a drill rod, a receiving electrode and a signal receiver; the operation system comprises a spectral analysis system, a host and a host display screen. The device can effectively identify the coal rock and detect the thickness of the coal rock layer. The device can scan the coal rock in real time through the spectrometer miniature probe, generates a spectrum curve, and compares the spectrum curve with a coal rock spectrum database to realize accurate identification of the coal rock layer. The while-drilling electromagnetic wave transmission spectrum coal rock recognition device has the advantages of being high in recognition precision, easy and convenient to operate, safe, efficient and the like, and the high-precision coal rock recognition device is provided for the coal mining industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mine drilling, and in particular relates to a spectrum identification device for coal and rock by using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining, accurate identification and tracking of coal and rock layers are crucial to improving mining efficiency and safety. Identifying coal and rock is the basis for realizing intelligent mining design and construction. Intelligent technology can significantly improve the safety and efficiency of coal production. Existing coal and rock identification methods include coal and rock identification using coal and rock identifiers and coal and rock identification devices based on electric spark spectroscopy. However, existing coal and rock identification methods are mainly used for coal and rock identification on coal mining devices, and have not been used for real-time coal and rock identification during drilling. In addition, the electromagnetic wave transmission method while drilling is also mainly used in drilling measurement, and has not been used to transmit spectral data for coal and rock identification. Existing methods for checking coal seam thickness mostly rely on geological exploration and manual experience, and have problems such as low accuracy, slow speed, high cost and high safety risks. Especially in drilling operations, the rock properties are complex and changeable, and there are many interference factors. It is a huge challenge to explore the coal-rock interface.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention designs a spectrum identification coal and rock device using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] Existing coal-rock identification technologies include coal-rock identification using coal-rock identifiers, coal-rock identification based on electric spark spectroscopy, and coal-rock identification based on surface coal-rock identification methods of air-coupled geological radar. These methods are mainly used to identify coal and rock during the coal mining process on coal mining equipment, or for coal and rock detection. There has not yet been an invention involving a technology for accurately identifying coal and rock during drilling operations, especially a device that can identify coal-rock interfaces while drilling in real time and accurately. The present invention combines spectral analysis, drilling electromagnetic wave transmission methods and drilling rig technology to achieve automatic detection and precise tracking of coal and rock formations, solve the problems of low accuracy, slow speed, high cost and high safety risks in traditional coal and rock formation identification methods, and provide a high-precision coal and rock identification device for the coal mining industry, providing a new solution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a spectral identification device for coal and rock by electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling. The drilling rig can measure the depth and thickness of coal and rock layers when coal and rock layers are detected through the cooperation between an operating system, a transmission system and a probe-type spectrometer.

[0006] The drill bit of the spectral data collection system is used for drilling operations.

[0007] The spectrometer probe is installed on the inner wall of the drill pipe, close to the connection between the drill bit and the drill pipe, and 10 cm above the connection between the drill bit and the drill pipe. The near-infrared light emitted by the spectrometer shines on the ground rock powder or coal powder to obtain spectral data, and transmits the data to the host through the drilling electromagnetic wave transmission method.

[0008] The transmission system is a drilling-while-drilling electromagnetic wave transmission method, which provides fast and stable data transmission for the operation of the entire device and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0009] The signal transmitter is installed on the inner wall of the drill pipe and on the upper part of the micro-probe of the spectrometer, and is connected to the micro-probe of the spectrometer by a data line, so as to transmit the spectrum data of coal and rock.

[0010] The insulating box wraps the signal transmitter and is used to protect the signal transmitter.

[0011] The drill pipe is used to transmit signals and transmit spectrum data to a ground signal receiver.

[0012] The receiving electrode and the signal receiver are used to amplify, filter and demodulate the signal after receiving the signal transmitted by the underground transmitter, so as to obtain data and realize the stable transmission of the spectral data.

[0013] The spectrum analysis system has data recording and analysis capabilities and can record and analyze the parameters of each drilling operation.

[0014] The host computer has the functions of data recording and analysis, and can distinguish coal and rock layers and measure the positions of coal and rock layers through data comparison.

[0015] The interface display screen is a touch screen, which is easy to operate and improves the working efficiency and accuracy of coal mining.

[0016] The spectral database pre-stores a large amount of coal and rock spectral data to facilitate comparison with the measured coal and rock spectral characteristics.

[0017] The spectral identification coal and rock device of the invention using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling has significant advantages: it not only improves mining efficiency and accuracy, but also greatly reduces the risk and cost of manual operation. The device realizes accurate identification of the coal-rock interface by combining spectral analysis, electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling and drilling rig technology. It has the characteristics of high detection accuracy, simple operation, safety and efficiency, etc. It provides an innovative solution for the coal mining industry and creates broad application prospects and high market value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for spectrum identification of coal and rock using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a working flow chart of a device for identifying coal and rock using spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A detailed diagram of a drill bit of a device for identifying coal and rock using spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic signal transmission while drilling of a spectrum identification coal and rock device using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to the present invention. 1- spectral data acquisition system, 11- drill bit, 12- probe spectrometer, 121- spectrometer host, 122- spectrometer probe, 2- electromagnetic signal transmission system while drilling, 21- signal transmitter, 22- insulation box, 23- drill pipe, 24- receiving electrode, 25- signal receiver, 3- operation system, 31- acquisition and analysis system, 311- host, 312- host display, 32- spectral database. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the entire device consists of a spectral data acquisition system, a transmission system and an operating system. The spectral data acquisition system includes a drill bit and a probe of a probe-type spectrometer; the transmission system consists of a signal transmitter, an insulating box, a drill rod, a receiving electrode and a signal receiver; the operating system consists of a spectral analysis system, a spectrometer host and a host display screen, wherein the drill bit is used for drilling operations, and the host of the probe-type spectrometer is located in the operating room and is used to collect spectral data of coal and rock during the drilling process in real time; the probe-type spectrometer has high sensitivity and high resolution and can accurately capture the characteristic spectrum of coal and rock; the transmission system encodes and modulates the signal through the control system of the signal transmitter, and the signal is amplified and transmitted by the transmitting system and transmitted to the ground through the drill rod, and the ground signal receiver receives the signal through the transceiver antenna, and the receiver amplifies, simulates and demodulates the received signal to obtain good spectral data, thereby ensuring the ultimate stability and reliability of data transmission. The spectral analysis system has the function of data recording and analysis, which can record and analyze the parameters of each drilling operation in detail, provide data support and historical record query, and thus provide an important reference basis for the optimization and improvement of drilling operations. The host has a built-in kernel principal component analysis combined with the support vector machine KPCA-SVM intelligent algorithm and the spectral database. Combined with the spectral database, it can accurately identify the existence and location of coal and rock layers; the host display is located on the host and is a touch screen for convenient operation; the spectral database contains characteristic spectral data of various coal and rock samples, which is established by pre-storing a large amount of coal and rock data for comparison and analysis with the data collected in real time by the spectrometer. The technical effect that can be achieved is that the drilling rig can identify coal and rock in real time and accurately during the drilling process, transmit the data to the ground host in real time, display the location of the coal-rock interface through the interface display, and determine the thickness and depth of the coal and rock layer.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the workflow diagram of the spectral identification device for coal and rock using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling. First, the drill rig starts drilling, then the spectrometer collects coal and rock spectral data in real time, and then transmits the spectral data to the operating system. The operating system conducts comparative analysis of the coal and rock spectral data and detects the thickness and depth of the coal and rock layers.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the enlarged drill bit structure includes a spectrometer probe, which is located on the inner wall of the drill pipe, 10 cm above the connection between the drill bit and the drill pipe. This position allows the near-infrared light of the spectrometer to irradiate the ground rock powder or coal powder, thereby realizing real-time collection of spectral data of coal rock.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic signal transmission method while drilling is shown. First, the spectrometer probe (122) collects relevant rock powder or coal powder parameters, which are encoded and modulated by the control system of the signal transmitter (21) and then transmitted to the signal transmitter (21). After the signal transmitter amplifies the signal, the encoded, modulated and amplified electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the ground through the drill pipe (23). The ground signal receiver (25) receives the signal through the receiving antenna, amplifies and demodulates the received signal, and finally obtains the spectral data of the coal rock passed by the borehole. This method can ensure the stable transmission of spectral data and ensure the accuracy and stability of data acquisition.

[0026] Furthermore, the intelligent host has a large memory, which is convenient for storing and recording data.

[0027] Furthermore, the intelligent host performs real-time monitoring of the drilling and automatically controls the depth of the drilling.

[0028] Furthermore, the operation of the drilling machine is intelligently controlled, and when it is detected that the drill bit encounters a coal-rock layer, the depth of the coal-rock layer is measured.

[0029] The working principle adopted by the spectral identification device of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling of the present invention is as follows: a large number of coal rock spectral characteristic values ​​are pre-stored in the spectral database so as to be compared with the rock powder or coal powder measured in the borehole to distinguish the coal rock layer; the analysis system controls the drilling machine according to the data transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission method while drilling, and automatically identifies the position of the coal rock layer; the spectral data acquisition system includes a drill bit and a probe-type spectrometer; the probe-type spectrometer detects the spectral characteristics of the coal rock, which is convenient for comparison with the coal rock spectral database and determination of the thickness and depth of the coal rock layer.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that many modifications and changes can be made according to the contents of this specification; this specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can well understand and use the present invention; the present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The present invention proposes a spectral identification coal and rock device using electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling, which is characterized by comprising three core systems: a spectral data acquisition system (1), an electromagnetic signal transmission system while drilling (2) and an operation system (3), wherein the spectral data acquisition system (1) comprises: A drill bit (11), responsible for performing the drilling operation; The main unit (121) of the probe-type spectrometer (12) is located in the operating room; the micro-probe (122) enables the spectrometer probe to emit near-infrared light to illuminate the ground rock powder or coal powder, and accurately collect the spectral characteristics of the coal and rock; The electromagnetic signal transmission system while drilling (2) comprises: a signal transmitter (21) for transmitting spectral data of coal and rock; an insulating box (22) for protecting the signal transmitter; a drill rod (23) for transmitting spectral data to the ground; a receiving electrode (24) and a signal receiver (25) for amplifying, filtering and demodulating the signal after receiving the signal transmitted by the underground transmitter; an operating system (3) comprises: a host (311) of a spectral analysis system (31) and a host display screen (312); the host (311) has a built-in kernel principal component analysis combined with a support vector machine KPCA-SVM intelligent algorithm to establish an optimal model to identify different types of coal and rock, and combined with a spectral database (32), accurately determine the position of the coal and rock layer; the touch screen display screen (312) is located at the host position for easy operation.

2. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe-type spectrometer (12) is based on the difference in composition between coal and rock. The overall reflectivity of coal is low and rises gently, while the reflectivity of rock has a distinct absorption valley, resulting in significant differences in the spectral curves of coal and rock. Based on the spectral curves, coal and rock can be accurately distinguished. The spectrometer has high precision and high stability and can collect spectral data of coal and rock in real time during the drilling process.

3. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size and shape of the spectrometer probe (122) should meet the following conditions: small size, easy to install, installed on the inner wall of the drill rod connected to the drill bit (11), and 10 cm above the connection between the drill bit and the drill rod. This design ensures that the near-infrared light emitted by the spectrometer can irradiate the ground rock powder or coal powder. In terms of shape, a streamlined design can be considered to reduce the pressure wind resistance during drilling.

4. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: In terms of material selection for the spectrometer probe (122), the probe-type spectrometer (12) should meet the following conditions: the micro-probe (122) of the spectrometer should be made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant and waterproof materials to adapt to complex working environments. This patent recommends using high-hardness alloy materials to manufacture the spectrometer probe, and installing high-temperature and high-pressure resistant and light-transmitting composite materials at the position where near-infrared light is emitted to prevent it from being affected by dust, powder and oil, making the spectrometer probe durable to ensure the accuracy and reliability of spectral data. By quickly collecting spectral data of coal rocks and comparing them with the existing spectral feature database, the coal rocks can be effectively identified and the accuracy of the data can be guaranteed.

5. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The micro probe (122) of the spectrometer is installed on the inner wall of the drill rod connected to the drill bit (11), 10 cm above the connection between the drill bit and the drill rod. This installation method ensures that the near-infrared light emitted by the spectrometer can be irradiated on the ground rock powder or coal powder to obtain the spectral characteristics of the coal rock.

6. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the electromagnetic signal transmission system (2) while drilling, the spectrometer probe (122) first obtains coal and rock parameters, which are then encoded and modulated by the control system of the signal transmitter (21) and sent to the transmission system of the signal transmitter. The underground transmission system amplifies the signal and then transmits it to the ground through the drill pipe (23). The ground signal receiver (25) is located outside the operating room of the drilling vehicle, receives the signal from the signal transmitter (21) through the antenna, and amplifies, suppresses and demodulates the signal to obtain data, thereby realizing stable transmission of spectral data.

7. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal transmitter (21) of the drilling electromagnetic signal transmission system is installed on the inner wall of the drill pipe and on the upper part of the micro-probe of the spectrometer. It is connected to the micro-probe of the spectrometer by a data line and is used to transmit the spectral data of coal and rock.

8. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition and analysis system (31) has the function of measuring hole depth. A sensor for measuring depth while drilling is installed on the signal transmitter, which can measure the drilling depth in real time and display it on the host display screen (312). In addition, the spectrum analysis system (31) also has data recording and analysis capabilities, and can record and analyze the parameters of each drilling operation, provide data support and historical record query, and provide key record references for the optimization and improvement of drilling operations. The spectrum analysis system (31) can identify the coal-rock interface based on different spectral characteristics, determine the location of the coal-rock layer, and achieve effective control of the drilling depth, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the drilling operation.

9. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral analysis system (31) comprises a host (311) and a display screen (312); the host (311) has a built-in kernel principal component analysis combined with a support vector machine KPCA-SVM intelligent algorithm; the KPCA-SVM intelligent algorithm maps data to a high-dimensional feature space through principal component analysis (KPCA), uses principal component analysis to realize nonlinear features, improves the unsatisfactory analysis results of principal component analysis under nonlinear data distribution conditions, and uses a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to iterate the extracted data to establish an optimal model to identify different types of coal and rock.

10. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum of electromagnetic wave transmission while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral database (32) stores a large amount of spectral characteristic data of coal rock samples collected, which is used for comparison with the data collected in real time by the spectrometer (12), and can effectively identify coal rock and detect the thickness of coal rock layers. The spectral database (32) has a dynamic update function and can be continuously updated and optimized according to newly collected coal rock data, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of coal rock identification.

11. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic wave while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working process of the spectral coal-rock identification device is as follows: the probe (122) of the probe-type spectrometer (12) irradiates the ground rock powder or coal powder by emitting near-infrared light. When the rock powder or coal powder absorbs near-infrared radiation of a certain frequency, the vibration energy level of the molecules undergoes transition, and the light of the corresponding frequency in the transmitted light beam is weakened, resulting in an intensity difference between the corresponding radiation of the reference light path and the light path of the rock powder or coal powder, thereby obtaining the near-infrared spectrum of the rock powder or coal powder. The probe (122) then converts the spectrum into an electromagnetic wave signal using a sensor. The signal is transmitted to a signal receiver on the ground through the drilling electromagnetic wave transmission system (2), and then transmitted to a host after signal processing and displayed on a display screen (312) of the host. By comparing with the data in the spectral database (32), the coal rock can be accurately identified.

12. The device for identifying coal and rock by spectrum transmission of electromagnetic waves while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The drilling rig is started to drill; the spectrometer (12) collects spectral data of the coal rock sample in real time, and transmits the data to the spectral analysis system (31) on the ground through the electromagnetic signal transmission system while drilling; the spectral analysis system (31) compares and analyzes the spectral data with the data in the spectral database (32); the coal rock layer is identified based on the comparison result, and the depth and thickness of the coal rock layer are determined.

Images