Coaxial prism correction number measurement method and deviation correction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a correction number measurement method and a deviation correction method for coaxial prisms. The method comprises the following steps: measuring a first side length and a first angle from a control point A to a first prism P1; measuring a second side length and a second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1; measuring the actual side length and the actual angle from the control point B to the second prism P2; determining theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length and the second angle; the theoretical side length and the theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism P2 are determined according to the theoretical coordinates; and determining the correction number of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 according to the actual side length, the actual angle, the theoretical side length and the theoretical angle. The method can quickly measure the correction number of the coaxial prism, and has the advantages of being simple, convenient to operate and high in measurement precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of appearance measurement, and in particular relates to a correction number measurement method and a deviation correction method of a coaxial prism. Background Art

[0002] Appearance measurement is one of the main contents of safety monitoring. In recent years, with the improvement of the hardware level of observation instruments and the integration and improvement of measurement methods, the observation method has also moved from traditional manual monitoring to a more convenient and fast automation field. At present, many large reservoirs and dams have established appearance safety monitoring automation systems. Appearance automation measurement applications such as subway safety monitoring projects and deformation monitoring of complex steel structure buildings are also widely used.

[0003] In traditional manual measurement, stations can be set up at each monitoring point in sequence, and the original observation data obtained can meet the accuracy requirements of adjustment calculation. However, in automated measurement, the original observation data is limited due to the fixed positions of the measurement robot and prism. In order to meet the requirements of high-precision measurement results, multiple total stations are required to measure jointly in some special parts, so two coaxial prisms need to be installed on the same measurement station.

[0004] The introduction of single-station coaxial prism technology meets the requirements of appearance observation efficiency and accuracy. Different companies and manufacturers have also conducted relevant research and proposed a variety of coaxial prism device solutions. However, due to defects in the manufacturing process, it is difficult for the upper and lower prisms to be strictly coaxial, and there will be slight deviations. The deviation caused by the coaxiality of the prism will directly affect the accuracy and reliability of the measurement and calculation results. At present, there is no solution to correct the deviation of the coaxiality of the prism. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a correction number measurement method and deviation correction method for a coaxial prism.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism, wherein the coaxial prism comprises a first prism P1 and a second prism P2, and the measuring method comprises

[0007] Measure the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism P1;

[0008] Measure the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1;

[0009] Measure the actual side length and actual angle from the control point B to the second prism P2;

[0010] Determine the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length, and the second angle;

[0011] Determine the theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism P2 according to the theoretical coordinates;

[0012] The correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 is determined according to the actual side length, the actual angle, the theoretical side length and the theoretical angle.

[0013] Further, the measuring of the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism includes:

[0014] A total station is set up at control point A, with control point B as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle;

[0015] The first prism is adjusted to face the total station, and the distance from the control point A to the first prism P1 is measured by the total station as the first side length, and the angle between the triangle side length AP1 and AB is measured as the first angle.

[0016] Further, the measuring of the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism includes:

[0017] A total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle;

[0018] Adjust the first prism to face the total station, measure the distance from the control point B to the first prism P1 by the total station as the second side length, and measure the angle between the triangle side length BP1 and BA as the second angle.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of times the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism are measured, the number of times the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1 are measured, and the number of times the actual side length and the actual angle from the control point B to the second prism are measured all include multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final corresponding data.

[0020] Furthermore, the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 are determined according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length and the second angle through coordinate calculation and adjustment calculation methods.

[0021] Furthermore, the theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism are determined by the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, L1 is the theoretical side length, α0 is the theoretical angle, (Xcp2, Ycp2) is the plane coordinate of the control point B, and (Xp2, Yp2) is the theoretical coordinate of the first prism P1.

[0024] Further, the measuring of the actual side length and the actual angle from the control point B to the second prism includes:

[0025] A total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle;

[0026] The second prism is adjusted to face the total station, and the distance from the control point B to the second prism P2 is measured by the total station as the actual side length, and the angle between the triangle side length BP2 and BA is measured as the actual angle.

[0027] Furthermore, the correction factor of the second prism relative to the first prism is determined by the following formula:

[0028] ΔS=L1-S2 ′

[0029] Δα=α0-α2 ′

[0030] Among them, ΔS is the distance correction number, L1 is the theoretical side length, S2′ is the actual side length, Δα is the angle correction number, α0 is the theoretical angle, and α2′ is the actual angle.

[0031] A method for correcting the deviation of a coaxial prism measures actual observation data from a control point B to a second prism, and corrects the actual observation data based on a correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 determined by the above measurement method.

[0032] Furthermore, the actual observed data is corrected by the following formula:

[0033] S2 c =S2 a +ΔS

[0034] α2 c =α2 a +Δα

[0035] Among them, S2 c To correct the side length, S2 a is the actual observed side length, ΔS is the distance correction factor, α2 c is the correction angle, α2 a is the actual observation angle, and Δα is the angle correction number.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] The present invention measures the actual distance and angle data between two prisms at two control points respectively, calculates theoretical data based on the actual data, and then determines the correction number of one prism relative to the other prism. The method can quickly measure the correction number of the coaxial prism and has the advantages of being simple, easy to operate, and having high measurement accuracy.

[0038] When the present invention measures the correction number, the corresponding measurement data is determined by taking the average value of multiple measurements, which can effectively avoid accidental errors and thus obtain high-precision measurement data.

[0039] The present invention corrects the actual observation data of the second prism through the measured correction number, solves the deviation problem of the coaxial prism device caused by the manufacturing process error, and performs corresponding appearance measurement through the corrected data, which can effectively improve the measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0040] The invention has strong versatility and is applicable to any appearance measurement field with a similar coaxial prism device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the correction number measurement method of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 A diagram of a coaxial prism.

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the equipment arrangement for measuring the distance from control point A (B) to the first prism P1 according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of data marking for measuring the control point A (B) to the first prism P1 according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of theoretical data for calculating the control point B to the second prism P2 according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the equipment arrangement for measuring the distance from the control point B to the second prism P2 according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of actual data marking from the control point B to the second prism P2 measured by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the correction numbers calculated for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step 1, measuring the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism P1;

[0052] Step 2, measuring the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1;

[0053] Step 3, determining the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length and the second angle;

[0054] Step 4, determining the theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism P2 according to the theoretical coordinates;

[0055] Step 5, measuring the actual side length and actual angle from the control point B to the second prism P2;

[0056] Step 6, determining the correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 according to the actual side length, the actual angle, the theoretical side length and the theoretical angle.

[0057] The present invention measures the actual distance and angle data between two prisms at two control points respectively, calculates theoretical data based on the actual data, and then determines the correction number of one prism relative to the other prism. The method can quickly measure the correction number of the coaxial prism and has the advantages of being simple, easy to operate, and having high measurement accuracy.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the coaxial prism described in the present invention includes a first prism P1 with a base and a second prism P2 with a base that are coaxially (theoretically) arranged. The position of the prism is the target point. Theoretically, the first prism and the second prism are coaxially arranged (that is, the projections of their centers coincide on the horizontal plane). However, due to defects in the manufacturing process, the two theoretically coaxial prisms will have a slight deviation in practice. This deviation will affect the measurement accuracy and reliability during actual measurement. The purpose of the present invention is to correct this deviation. Figure 2The first prism shown in the figure is the lower prism located at the bottom of the coaxial prism device, and the second prism is the upper prism located at the top of the coaxial prism device. The control point A and the control point B of the present invention are two control points for easy measurement and setting. All control points A are the same point, and all control points B are the same point. The selection of control points A and control points B should ensure that they are arranged in a triangle with the first prism P1 (or the second prism P2), preferably in an acute triangle.

[0059] It can be understood that the above step 1 of measuring the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism includes: Figure 3 As shown, a total station is set up at control point A, with control point B as the orientation point, and the first prism is adjusted to face the total station at control point A. The total station measures the plane distance from control point A to the first prism P1 as the first side length, and measures the angle between the triangle side length AP1 and AB as the first angle. The first side length and the first angle are respectively as follows: Figure 4 The measurement of side length and angle is achieved by the total station emitting a laser beam, which is reflected back by the corresponding prism according to the corresponding parameters. Therefore, the adjustment of the first prism to make it face the control point A means: adjusting the first prism to ensure that the laser emitted by the total station at the control point A can be reflected back by it, and the subsequent operation of adjusting the corresponding prism to face the total station at the corresponding control point is the same operation.

[0060] It can be understood that the above step 2 of measuring the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism includes: Figure 3 As shown, a total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, and the first prism is adjusted to face the total station at control point B. The total station measures the plane distance from control point B to the first prism P1 as the second side length, and measures the angle between the triangle side length BP1 and BA as the second angle. The second side length and the second angle are respectively as follows: Figure 4 S2, α2 shown in .

[0061] It should be noted that the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 in step 3 are calculated based on the first side length, the first angle, the second side length, the second angle, and the known coordinates of control point A and control point B through coordinate calculation and adjustment calculation methods. This specific calculation process is a conventional calculation method and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] It can be understood that the theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism in step 4 are calculated and determined by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Where L1 is the theoretical side length, α0is the theoretical angle, (Xcp2, Ycp2) are the plane coordinates of the control point B, and (Xp2, Yp2) are the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1.

[0065] Theoretical side length and theoretical angle are as follows Figure 5 As shown, since the theoretical data from the control point B to the first prism P1 is calculated based on the corner intersection of the control point A and the control point B, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The distance and angle data in are not equal, that is, L1≠S2, α0≠α2.

[0066] It is understandable that the above step 5 of measuring the actual side length and actual angle from the control point B to the second prism includes: Figure 6 As shown, a total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, and the second prism is adjusted to face the total station at control point B. The distance from control point B to the second prism P2 is measured by the total station as the actual side length, and the angle between the triangle side length BP2 and BA is measured as the actual angle. The actual side length and the actual angle are respectively as follows: Figure 7 S2' and α2' shown in .

[0067] In some embodiments, the number of times the first side length and the first angle of the first prism are measured from the control point A, the number of times the second side length and the second angle of the first prism P1 are measured from the control point B, and the number of times the actual side length and the actual angle of the second prism are measured from the control point B are measured multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final corresponding data, which can effectively avoid accidental errors and obtain high-precision measurement data. That is, the number of times the first side length and the first angle of the first prism are measured from the control point A can include multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final first side length and first angle; the number of times the second side length and the second angle of the first prism P1 are measured from the control point B can include multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final second side length and second angle; the number of times the actual side length and the actual angle of the second prism are measured from the control point B can include multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final actual side length and actual angle.

[0068] The time interval between two adjacent measurements in each step of steps 1-3 is as short as possible, and the interval between measurements between steps is also as short as possible, which can effectively reduce the impact of meteorological conditions on observation data and further improve measurement accuracy. The specific interval time is determined according to actual needs.

[0069] It should be noted that in order to reduce the complexity of the measurement operation, after the second prism and the first prism are installed at the target point, a total station with prisms can be arranged at both control point A and control point B. When the corresponding data needs to be measured, the corresponding total station can be adjusted and set. All the measured or calculated side lengths mentioned above are the horizontal distances after parameter conversion when the corresponding two points are projected to the same height, and the angle is the coordinate azimuth after parameter conversion.

[0070] It can be understood that the correction number of the second prism relative to the first prism in step 6 is determined by the actual side length, actual angle, theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism, such as Figure 8 As shown, the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0071] ΔS=L1-S2′

[0072] Δα=α0-α2′

[0073] Among them, ΔS is the distance correction number, L1 is the theoretical side length, S2′ is the actual side length, Δα is the angle correction number, α0 is the theoretical angle, and α2′ is the actual angle.

[0074] Table 1 shows one of the measurement results of the correction factor. It can be seen from the table that the correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 is very small, which means that the deviation between the first prism and the second prism is very small. The measurement method of the present invention can also accurately measure this tiny deviation, which reflects the measurement effect of the present invention.

[0075] Table 1 A measurement result of the correction number

[0076]

[0077] The present invention also provides a method for correcting the deviation of a coaxial prism, that is, in the subsequent observation of the control point B, the actual observation data of the second prism is corrected, specifically, after the subsequent measurement of the actual observation data from the control point B to the second prism, the actual observation data is corrected based on the correction number of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 determined by the above measurement method, and the correction result is shown in Table 2. After the correction value is obtained, it can be combined with the data measured by the control point A to form a joint adjustment of the angles to obtain the actual coordinates of the second prism P2 for the subsequent actual appearance measurement.

[0078] Among them, measuring the actual observation data from the control point B to the second prism includes setting up a total station at the control point B, taking the control point A as the orientation point, adjusting the second prism to face the total station of the control point B, measuring the distance from the control point B to the second prism P2 by the total station as the actual observation side length, and measuring the angle between the triangle side length BP2 and BA as the actual observation angle. After obtaining the actual observation data, the actual observation data is corrected by the following formula:

[0079] S2 c =S2 a +ΔS

[0080] α2 c =α2 a +Δα

[0081] Among them, S2 c To correct the side length, S2 a is the actual observed side length, ΔS is the distance correction factor, α2 c is the correction angle, α2 a is the actual observation angle, and Δα is the angle correction number.

[0082] Table 2 Correction results of the actual observation data of the second prism

[0083]

[0084] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism, characterized in that: The coaxial prism includes a first prism P1 and a second prism P2. The measuring method includes Measure the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism P1; Measure the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1; Determine the theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length, and the second angle; Determine the theoretical side length and theoretical angle from the control point B to the second prism P2 according to the theoretical coordinates; Measure the actual side length and actual angle from the control point B to the second prism P2; The correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 is determined according to the actual side length, the actual angle, the theoretical side length and the theoretical angle.

2. The correction number measuring method of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring of the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism comprises: A total station is set up at control point A, with control point B as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle; The first prism is adjusted to face the total station, and the distance from the control point A to the first prism P1 is measured by the total station as the first side length, and the angle between the triangle side length AP1 and AB is measured as the first angle.

3. The correction number measuring method of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring control point B to the second side length and the second angle of the first prism comprises: A total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle; Adjust the first prism to face the total station, measure the distance from the control point B to the first prism P1 by the total station as the second side length, and measure the angle between the triangle side length BP1 and BA as the second angle.

4. The method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of times the first side length and the first angle from the control point A to the first prism are measured, the number of times the second side length and the second angle from the control point B to the first prism P1 are measured, and the number of times the actual side length and the actual angle from the control point B to the second prism are measured all include multiple times, and the average value of the multiple measurements is taken as the final corresponding data.

5. The method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The theoretical coordinates of the first prism P1 are determined according to the first side length, the first angle, the second side length and the second angle through coordinate calculation and adjustment calculation methods.

6. The method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The theoretical side length and theoretical angle from control point B to the second prism are determined by the following formula: Among them, L1 is the theoretical side length, α0 is the theoretical angle, (Xcp2, Ycp2) is the plane coordinate of the control point B, and (Xp2, Yp2) is the theoretical coordinate of the first prism P1.

7. The method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring of the actual side length and the actual angle from the control point B to the second prism includes: A total station is set up at control point B, with control point A as the orientation point, wherein control point A, control point B and the first prism P1 are arranged in a triangle; The second prism is adjusted to face the total station, and the distance from the control point B to the second prism P2 is measured by the total station as the actual side length, and the angle between the triangle side length BP2 and BA is measured as the actual angle.

8. The method for measuring the correction number of a coaxial prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correction factor of the second prism relative to the first prism is determined by the following formula: ΔS=L1-S2′ Δα=α0-α2′ Among them, ΔS is the distance correction number, L1 is the theoretical side length, S2′ is the actual side length, Δα is the angle correction number, α0 is the theoretical angle, and α2′ is the actual angle.

9. A method for correcting deviation of a coaxial prism, characterized in that: The actual observation data from the control point B to the second prism is measured, and the actual observation data is corrected based on the correction factor of the second prism P2 relative to the first prism P1 determined by the measurement method of claim 1.

10. The method for correcting the deviation of a coaxial prism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The actual observed data are corrected by the following formula: S2 c =S2 a +ΔS a2 c =α2 a +Da Among them, S2 c To correct the side length, S2 a is the actual observed side length, ΔS is the distance correction factor, α2 c is the correction angle, α2 a is the actual observation angle, and Δα is the angle correction number.

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