Plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plateau runoff monitoring, and particularly relates to a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system which comprises a core main control unit which has the functions of transmitting control signals to other modules, receiving data, processing and the like and is a core component of the system. And the hydrological monitoring acquisition module is mainly used for collecting, processing and analyzing various parameters related to the water body. The plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system is provided with the core main control unit, the hydrological monitoring acquisition module, the soil monitoring acquisition module, the water quality monitoring acquisition module, the data processing module, the memory, the background monitoring terminal, the wireless transmission module and the photovoltaic power supply system. The hydrology monitoring and collecting module, the soil monitoring and collecting module and the water quality monitoring and collecting module are arranged in the system, so that the conditions of hydrology, water quality, soil and the like of a water body in a plateau runoff monitoring area can be monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plateau runoff monitoring, and in particular to a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Runoff refers to the process in which precipitation or other water sources (such as melting ice and snow) flow on the surface or underground and eventually flow into rivers, lakes, oceans and other water bodies. It includes three main forms: surface runoff, subsoil flow and groundwater runoff. Runoff monitoring is a key link in hydrological science and water resources management. It involves systematic observation and recording of the amount, quality and changing patterns of surface water flows (such as rivers and streams) and groundwater flows. For example, when monitoring plateau runoff, a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system is required. However, the current plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system usually performs hydrological monitoring operations on water bodies during use, and the monitoring is not comprehensive enough, which results in the staff being unable to timely understand other conditions of the water bodies within the plateau runoff area. In addition, it has shortcomings such as limited data processing and data transmission, so it is impossible to timely upload the water body monitoring situation to the background for staff to view in real time. Therefore, we propose a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system, comprising a core main control unit, which is responsible for transmitting control signals to other modules and receiving data processing functions, and is the core component of the system; a hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, which is mainly used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to water bodies; a soil monitoring and acquisition module, which is mainly used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to soil in the runoff monitoring area; a water quality monitoring and acquisition module, which is mainly used to perform real-time monitoring and data analysis on multiple parameters of water bodies; a data processing module, which is responsible for collecting and analyzing data from the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, the soil monitoring and acquisition module and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module; a memory, which is used to store The device is mainly responsible for data storage and data protection, so as to realize the storage of data collected by the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, the soil monitoring and acquisition module and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module; the background monitoring terminal, which is mainly used to centrally manage and monitor the operation status of the entire system, the data acquisition status and the working status of each monitoring module; the wireless transmission module, which mainly realizes the data transmission and remote management between each monitoring module and the background monitoring terminal through wireless communication technology; the photovoltaic power supply system, which can provide stable and reliable power support for the core main control unit, the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, the soil monitoring and acquisition module, the water quality monitoring and acquisition module, the data processing module, the storage device and the wireless transmission module to ensure that these devices can operate uninterruptedly.

[0005] Furthermore, the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module includes a flow sensor and a flow velocity sensor. The flow sensor is used to monitor the flow of the water body in real time, while the flow velocity sensor is used to monitor the flow velocity of the water body in real time.

[0006] Furthermore, the soil monitoring and collection module includes a humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor. The humidity sensor can monitor the water content inside the soil, and the soil conductivity sensor can measure the concentration of dissolved salts in the soil.

[0007] Furthermore, the water quality monitoring and collection module includes a limit seat, the upper limit of the limit seat is provided with a bracket, a tank body is fixed on the bracket, a heating seat is fixed inside the tank body, two weighing sensors are fixed on the top of the limit seat, the bottom of the tank body is fitted with the top of the weighing sensor, a support plate is fixed on the top of the tank body, the inside of the tank body is rotatably connected with a cylinder body through a bearing, the surface of the cylinder body is provided with a mud and sand inlet in an annular array, a spiral blade is provided inside the cylinder body, a bevel gear 1 is fixed on the surface of the cylinder, and the surface of the spiral blade A bevel gear 2 is fixed thereto, and one side wall of the support plate is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft through a bearing, a transmission bevel gear is fixed to the surface of the transmission shaft, and the transmission bevel gear is meshed and connected with bevel gear 1 and bevel gear 2, a rotating plate is fixed to one end of the transmission shaft, and a reciprocating rod is movably connected to one side wall of the rotating plate through a T-axis, and the bottom end of the reciprocating rod slides through the tank body and extends into the interior thereof, and a piston cylinder fixed to the outer wall of the tank body through a mounting frame is provided on one side of the reciprocating rod, a piston plate is slidably provided inside the piston cylinder, and two piston rods are fixed on the top of the piston plate, two The ejection end of the piston rod slides through the piston cylinder to extend above it and is fixedly connected to the reciprocating rod, and an intake check valve is installed on the two air inlet pipes of the piston cylinder, and a heating component for heating the air inhaled by the piston cylinder is provided on the top of the support plate, and an exhaust check valve is installed on the two air outlet pipes of the piston cylinder, and mounting seats fixed to the inner wall of the tank body are provided at the two sediment discharge pipe openings of the cylinder body, and air blowing plates are fixed on the mounting seats, and a scattering component for dispersing the sediment discharged from the cylinder body discharge pipe is provided inside the mounting seats, and the piston cylinder An air delivery elbow is connected and fixed on the two air outlet pipes, both ends of which penetrate the tank body, extend into the interior thereof and are connected and fixed with the corresponding air blowing disks, a stirring paddle is fixed on the surface of the cylinder body, a knife gate valve installed at the bottom of the cylinder body is provided below the stirring paddle, a drain pipe is fixed inside the drain hole of the cylinder body, an electric valve is installed on the drain pipe, a circular filter screen fixed inside the drain pipe is provided on one side of the electric valve, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, a PH sensor, a water conductivity sensor and an optical sensor for detecting the entering water body are installed on the tank body.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating assembly includes a heating box fixed on the top of the support plate, the top ends of the two air inlet pipes of the piston cylinder are connected and fixed to the bottom of the heating box, an insulation frame is fixed inside the heating box, three heating wires are fixed between the inner walls on both sides of the insulation frame, a protective net is fixed at the air inlet of the heating box, and four inclined plates are fixed inside the heating box.

[0009] Furthermore, the breaking up component includes a hollow tube rotatably connected to the mounting seat through a bearing, one end of the hollow tube is sealingly and rotatably connected to the air blowing disk, and the other end of the hollow tube is fixed with a pneumatic spiral disk, and a rotating disk is fixed to the top of the pneumatic spiral disk through a round rod, and breaking up blades are fixed to the top of the rotating disk in an annular array, and an annular rail for limiting the rotating disk is fixed on the mounting seat, and the rotating disk rotates inside an annular groove opened in the annular rail.

[0010] Furthermore, a support ring is rotatably connected inside the annular limiting groove formed at the bottom of the support plate, and the support ring is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear.

[0011] Furthermore, two water inlet pipes and an exhaust pipe are connected and fixed to the top of the tank body, the water inlet pipes are rubber hoses, and a dustproof net is fixed inside the exhaust pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the knife gate valve and the electric valve are both controlled wirelessly.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention, by setting a core main control unit, a hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, a soil monitoring and acquisition module, a water quality monitoring and acquisition module, a data processing module, a memory, a background monitoring terminal, a wireless transmission module and a photovoltaic power supply system, during the use of this plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system, by setting the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module, the soil monitoring and acquisition module and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module inside the system, it can monitor the hydrology, water quality and soil conditions of the water body inside the plateau runoff monitoring area in real time, so that the staff can grasp the conditions of the water body from different aspects, and during the monitoring process, the data monitored by the three can be uploaded to the background monitoring terminal in real time through the core main control unit, so that the staff can view the data monitored by the water body in various aspects at any time.

[0014] The present invention, by setting a limit seat, a bracket, a tank body, a weighing sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, a water conductivity sensor and an optical sensor, in the process of monitoring the water body by using a water quality monitoring and acquisition module, when the water body enters the interior of the tank body, the water quality acquisition and monitoring module can monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, conductivity, turbidity and sand content in the water body, so that the staff can know the water quality of the water body more comprehensively, by setting a support plate, a cylinder body, a spiral blade, a bevel gear one, a bevel gear two, a transmission shaft, a transmission bevel gear, a rotating plate, a reciprocating rod, a piston cylinder, a piston Plate, piston rod, heating component, air blowing plate, breaking up component, gas transmission elbow, stirring paddle and heating seat. When the sand content in the water body is detected, the stirring paddle and heating seat can quickly dry the sediment after filtering the water, and while drying, the sediment can be lifted to a certain height and then fall down through the cooperation of the cylinder and the spiral blades, and then, under the action of the air blowing plate and the breaking up component, the falling sediment can be broken up and dried. Therefore, compared with the traditional drying method for detecting the sediment content in the water body, this drying method can dry the sediment more quickly for detection, and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrological monitoring and collection module and the soil monitoring and collection module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water quality monitoring and collection module of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the tank structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating rod structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the piston cylinder structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating component of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disassembled components of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. core main control unit; 2. hydrological monitoring and acquisition module; 3. soil monitoring and acquisition module; 4. water quality monitoring and acquisition module; 401. limit seat; 402. bracket; 403. tank; 404. weighing sensor; 405. support plate; 406. cylinder; 407. spiral blade; 408. bevel gear one; 409. bevel gear two; 410. transmission shaft; 411. transmission bevel gear; 412. rotating plate; 413. reciprocating rod; 414. piston cylinder; 415. piston plate; 416. piston rod; 417. intake check valve; 418. heating component; 41801. heating box; 41802. insulation frame; 41803. heating wire; 41804. protection net; 41805. inclined plate; 419. outlet Gas check valve; 420, mounting base; 421, air blowing disc; 422, breaking up assembly; 42201, hollow tube; 42202, pneumatic spiral disc; 42203, rotating disc; 42204, breaking up blades; 42205, ring track; 423, gas transmission elbow; 424, stirring paddle; 425, knife gate valve; 426, drain pipe; 427, electric valve; 428, circular filter; 429, dissolved oxygen sensor; 430, PH sensor; 431, water conductivity sensor; 432, optical sensor; 433, support ring; 434, water inlet pipe; 435, exhaust pipe; 436, heating base; 5, data processing module; 6, memory; 7, background monitoring terminal; 8, wireless transmission module; 9, photovoltaic power supply system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a plateau runoff integrated monitoring system proposed in one embodiment of the present invention includes a core main control unit 1, which is responsible for transmitting control signals to other modules and receiving data processing functions, and is the core component of the system; a hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2, which is mainly used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to water bodies; a soil monitoring and acquisition module 3, which is mainly used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to soil in the runoff monitoring area; a water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4, which is mainly used to perform real-time monitoring and data analysis on multiple parameters of water bodies; a data processing module 5, which is responsible for collecting and analyzing data from the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2, the soil monitoring and acquisition module 3 and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4; a memory 6, which is mainly responsible for data storage and data protection, thereby realizing the storage of data collected by the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2, the soil monitoring and acquisition module 3 and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4; a background monitoring terminal 7, which is mainly used to centrally manage and monitor the operating status of the entire system, data acquisition conditions and various monitoring The working condition of the monitoring module; the wireless transmission module 8, the wireless transmission module 8 mainly realizes the data transmission and remote management between each monitoring module and the background monitoring terminal 7 through wireless communication technology; the photovoltaic power supply system 9, the photovoltaic power supply system 9 can provide stable and reliable power support for the core main control unit 1, the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2, the soil monitoring and acquisition module 3, the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4, the data processing module 5, the memory 6 and the wireless transmission module 8 to ensure that these devices can operate uninterruptedly. When using this plateau runoff comprehensive monitoring system, the water body and soil in the plateau runoff monitoring area can be monitored through the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2, the soil monitoring and acquisition module 3 and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4, and then the three can send the monitored data to the core main control unit 1 through the data processing module 5, and finally the core main control unit 1 can send the data collected by the three to the memory 6 for storage, and at the same time it will also send the data to the background monitoring terminal 7 through the wireless transmission module 8, so that the staff can view it in real time. Because the modules and other components used in the system are all existing technologies, the electrical connection relationship and model between the modules are not described in detail here.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2 includes a flow sensor and a flow velocity sensor. The mentioned hydrological monitoring and acquisition module 2 can be used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to the water body. The parameters related to the water body here include flow and flow velocity monitoring of the water body. The flow sensor is used to monitor the flow of the water body in real time, and the flow velocity sensor is used to monitor the flow velocity of the water body in real time. By monitoring the flow velocity and flow of plateau runoff, the long-term impact of hydrological conditions on the ecosystem can be evaluated, so as to take measures to protect natural ecosystems such as wetlands and rivers.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the soil monitoring and acquisition module 3 includes a humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor. The soil monitoring and acquisition module 3 is mainly used to collect, process and analyze various parameters related to the soil in the runoff monitoring area. The parameters related to the soil here include humidity and conductivity monitoring of the soil. The humidity sensor can monitor the water content inside the soil, and the soil conductivity sensor can measure the concentration of dissolved salts in the soil. Since soil humidity is one of the important factors affecting the formation of runoff, by monitoring soil humidity, the distribution and migration of water in the soil after rainfall or snowmelt can be understood, thereby predicting the time and flow of runoff. The change of soil conductivity in the plateau runoff monitoring area can reflect the change of soil moisture state, which can further help researchers understand the hydrological process in the plateau area and its relationship with climate change.

[0021] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, the water quality monitoring and collection module 4 includes a limit seat 401, a bracket 402 is set at the upper limit of the limit seat 401, a tank body 403 is fixed on the bracket 402, a heating seat 436 is fixed inside the tank body 403, two weighing sensors 404 are fixed on the top of the limit seat 401, the bottom of the tank body 403 is in contact with the top of the weighing sensor 404, a support plate 405 is fixed on the top of the tank body 403, and a cylinder body 406 is rotatably connected to the inside of the tank body 403 through a bearing, and a sediment inlet is opened on the surface of the cylinder body 406 in an annular array, and a spiral blade 407 is arranged inside the cylinder body 406, a bevel gear 1 408 is fixed on the surface of the cylinder body 406, and a bevel gear 2 is fixed on the surface of the spiral blade 407. 409, a support ring 433 is rotatably connected inside the annular limiting groove at the bottom of the support plate 405, and the support ring 433 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear 409, which can play an auxiliary supporting role for the bevel gear 409, so that it will be more stable during the rotation process, and a side wall of the support plate 405 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 410 through a bearing, and a transmission bevel gear 411 is fixed on the surface of the transmission shaft 410, and the transmission bevel gear 411 is meshed with the bevel gear 408 and the bevel gear 409. A rotating plate 412 is fixed at one end of the transmission shaft 410, and a reciprocating rod 413 is movably connected to the side wall of the rotating plate 412 through a T-axis, and the bottom end of the reciprocating rod 413 slides through the tank body 403 and extends into the interior thereof, and one side of the reciprocating rod 413 A piston cylinder 414 is provided which is fixed to the outer wall of the tank body 403 by a mounting frame, a piston plate 415 is slidably provided inside the piston cylinder 414, two piston rods 416 are fixed on the top of the piston plate 415, the ejection ends of the two piston rods 416 slide through the piston cylinder 414 to extend above it and are fixedly connected to the reciprocating rod 413, an intake check valve 417 is installed on the two air inlet pipes of the piston cylinder 414, a heating component 418 for heating the air sucked into the piston cylinder 414 is provided on the top of the support plate 405, an outlet check valve 419 is installed on the two air outlet pipes of the piston cylinder 414, and a mounting seat 420 fixed to the inner wall of the tank body 403 is provided at the two sediment discharge pipe openings of the cylinder body 406, and the mounting seat 420 is An air blowing plate 421 is fixed, and a dispersing component 422 for dispersing the mud and sand discharged from the discharge pipe of the cylinder 406 is arranged inside the mounting seat 420. An air delivery elbow 423 is connected and fixed to the two air outlet pipes of the piston cylinder 414. Both ends of the air delivery elbow 423 penetrate the tank body 403 and extend to the inside thereof and are connected and fixed to the corresponding air blowing plate 421. A stirring paddle 424 is fixed on the surface of the cylinder 406. A knife gate valve 425 installed at the bottom end of the cylinder 406 is arranged below the stirring paddle 424. A drain pipe 426 is fixed inside the drain hole of the cylinder 406. An electric valve 427 is installed on the drain pipe 426. Both the knife gate valve 425 and the electric valve 427 are controlled wirelessly. After the two are controlled wirelessly,Therefore, when the cylinder 406 rotates and drives the two to rotate, the influence of the electrical connection wire can be avoided. A circular filter 428 fixed inside the drain pipe 426 is provided on one side of the electric valve 427. A dissolved oxygen sensor 429, a pH sensor 430, a water conductivity sensor 431 and an optical sensor 432 for detecting the entering water body are installed on the tank 403. During use, if Figure 3As shown, when the water body is sent to the inside of the L-shaped pipe for flow, when the water quality of the water body needs to be tested, the valves on the two outlet pipes of the L-shaped pipe are opened, and then the water body will enter the inside of the tank body 403 through the pipe. When the water body enters the inside of the tank body 403 and reaches a certain height, the valve can be closed, and before the water body is sent to the inside of the tank body 403, the two weighing sensors 404 have removed the weight of the entire tank body 403 and its contained structure, so that when the silt water is injected into the inside of the tank body 403, the weighing sensor 404 will weigh it and send the data to the core main control unit 1 and the background monitoring terminal 7, and after the water body enters the inside of the tank body 403, the dissolved oxygen sensor 4 arranged inside it is used to detect the water quality of the water body. 29. The pH sensor 430, the water conductivity sensor 431 and the optical sensor 432 can detect the dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, conductivity and turbidity in the water body, and then the collected data will be sent to the background monitoring terminal 7. After the collection of these four data is completed, the last step is to collect and detect the sand content in the water body. The specific work flow is: by controlling the electric valve 427 to open, the water inside the tank 403 can be discharged. After the water is discharged, the silt will remain in the tank 403. Then turn on the heating seat 436 to dry the silt. When drying, the motor can be started to drive the spiral blade 407 to rotate. At this time, under the cooperation of the transmission bevel gear 411, the bevel gear one 408 and the bevel gear two 409, when the spiral When the blade 407 rotates, it can drive the cylinder 406 to rotate in the opposite direction. After the cylinder 406 rotates in the opposite direction, it will drive the stirring paddle 424 to dry the mud and sand on the heating seat 436. The cooperation of the cylinder 406 and the spiral blade 407 can lift the mud and sand to a certain height and then fall down. When the mud and sand fall down, it will fall on the scattering component 422. When the transmission shaft 410 rotates, it will drive the rotating plate 412 to rotate. After the rotating plate 412 rotates, it will drive the reciprocating rod 413 to move up and down. At this time, after the reciprocating rod 413 moves up and down, it can drive the piston plate 415 to move up and down inside the piston cylinder 414 through the piston rod 416. Then, with the cooperation of the air inlet check valve 417 and the air outlet check valve 419, the piston cylinder 414 will suck the external air into it. The air sucked into the piston cylinder 414 is heated by the heating component 418, and then the heated air is blown out through the gas delivery bend 423 and then diverted to the two air blowing discs 421 for spraying out. The gas can also drive the breaking component 422 to rotate while being blown out to the air blowing discs 421. At this time, the mud and sand lifted and dropped by the cylinder 406 can be broken up and dried, and the broken mud and sand will fall onto the heating seat 436 again, and this process is repeated, so that the mud and sand retained in the tank 403 can be dried quickly. After all the water in the mud and sand is removed, the weighing sensor 404 will send the data to the core main control unit 1, and then send it to the background monitoring terminal 7 after calculation.Thus, the sediment content in the water body is finally obtained. After the measurement is completed, the dried sediment inside the tank body 403 can be discharged by opening the knife gate valve 425. When in use, the reciprocating rod 413 will vibrate and reciprocately knock the tank body 403 during operation, thereby playing an auxiliary role in draining water, drying sediment, and subsequently discharging sediment inside the tank body 403.

[0022] like Figure 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the heating component 418 includes a heating box 41801 fixed on the top of the support plate 405, the top ends of the two air inlet pipes of the piston cylinder 414 are connected and fixed to the bottom of the heating box 41801, an insulation frame 41802 is fixed inside the heating box 41801, three heating wires 41803 are fixed between the inner walls of the two sides of the insulation frame 41802, a protective net 41804 is fixed at the air inlet of the heating box 41801, and four inclined plates 41805 are fixed inside the heating box 41801. When in use, external air enters After entering the interior of the heating box 41801, the heating wire 41803 arranged inside can be used to heat the incoming air, and then the heated air will be sent to the inside of the piston cylinder 414. The protective net 41804 arranged can protect the air inlet of the heating box 41801, thereby preventing dust and flocs in the external air from entering the interior of the heating box 41801, and the inclined plate 41805 arranged can extend the flow speed of the external incoming air in the heating box 41801, so as to make the air heating more thorough.

[0023] like Figure 4 and Fig.10As shown, in some embodiments, the scattering component 422 includes a hollow tube 42201 rotatably connected to the mounting seat 420 through a bearing, one end of the hollow tube 42201 is sealed and rotatably connected to the air blowing disk 421, and the other end of the hollow tube 42201 is fixed with a pneumatic spiral disk 42202, and a rotating disk 42203 is fixed to the top of the pneumatic spiral disk 42202 through a round rod, and the top of the rotating disk 42203 is fixed with scattering blades 42204 in an annular array, and an annular rail 42205 for limiting the rotating disk 42203 is fixed on the mounting seat 420, and the rotating disk 42203 rotates in an annular groove opened in the annular rail 42205 Internally, when in use, when the gas enters the air blowing disk 421 and is blown out, part of the gas will enter the pneumatic spiral disk 42202 through the hollow tube 42201 and be blown out. When the gas is blown out through the pneumatic spiral disk 42202, it can drive itself to rotate. After the pneumatic spiral disk 42202 rotates, it will drive the rotating disk 42203 to rotate. Finally, when the rotating disk 42203 rotates, the mud and sand lifted and dropped by the cylinder 406 can be broken up. Because one end of the hollow tube 42201 is connected to the air blowing disk 421 through a rotatable joint, the normal transportation of gas can be guaranteed without affecting the rotation of the pneumatic spiral disk 42202.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, two water inlet pipes 434 and an exhaust pipe 435 are connected and fixed to the top of the tank body 403. The water inlet pipes 434 are all rubber hoses, and a dust-proof net is fixed inside the exhaust pipe 435. By setting the water inlet pipe 434 to a rubber hose, the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4 can be separated from the L-shaped hydrophobic water supply pipeline as a whole to prevent the water supply pipeline from affecting the data of the sediment content in the water body detected by the water quality monitoring and acquisition module 4. The exhaust pipe 435 facilitates the discharge of the utilized gas inside the tank body 403, and the dust-proof net can prevent impurities such as dust in the external air from entering the interior of the tank body 403 through the exhaust pipe 435.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system, characterized by: The invention comprises a core main control unit (1), the core main control unit (1) being responsible for transmitting control signals to other modules and receiving data for processing; a hydrological monitoring and acquisition module (2), the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module (2) being used for collecting, processing and analyzing various parameters related to water bodies; a soil monitoring and acquisition module (3), the soil monitoring and acquisition module (3) being used for collecting, processing and analyzing various parameters related to soil in a runoff monitoring area; a water quality monitoring and acquisition module (4), the water quality monitoring and acquisition module (4) being used for real-time monitoring and data analysis of multiple parameters of water bodies; a data processing module (5), the data processing module (5) being responsible for collecting and analyzing data from the hydrological monitoring and acquisition module (2), the soil monitoring and acquisition module (3) and the water quality monitoring and acquisition module (4); and a memory (6), the memory (6) being responsible for The invention relates to a system for storing and protecting data, and storing data collected by a hydrological monitoring and collection module (2), a soil monitoring and collection module (3), and a water quality monitoring and collection module (4); a background monitoring terminal (7), wherein the background monitoring terminal (7) is used to centrally manage and monitor the operation status of the entire system, the data collection status, and the working status of each monitoring module; a wireless transmission module (8), wherein the wireless transmission module (8) realizes data transmission and remote management between each monitoring module and the background monitoring terminal (7) through wireless communication technology; and a photovoltaic power supply system (9), wherein the photovoltaic power supply system (9) provides power support for the core main control unit (1), the hydrological monitoring and collection module (2), the soil monitoring and collection module (3), the water quality monitoring and collection module (4), the data processing module (5), the memory (6), and the wireless transmission module (8).

2. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrological monitoring and acquisition module (2) comprises a flow sensor and a flow velocity sensor. The flow sensor is used to monitor the flow of the water body in real time, while the flow velocity sensor is used to monitor the flow velocity of the water body in real time.

3. The plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The soil monitoring and collection module (3) comprises a humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor. The humidity sensor can monitor the water content inside the soil, and the soil conductivity sensor can measure the concentration of dissolved salts in the soil.

4. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality monitoring and collection module (4) comprises a limit seat (401), the upper limit of the limit seat (401) is provided with a bracket (402), a tank body (403) is fixed on the bracket (402), a heating seat (436) is fixed inside the tank body (403), two weighing sensors (404) are fixed on the top of the limit seat (401), the bottom of the tank body (403) is in contact with the top of the weighing sensor (404), a support plate (405) is fixed on the top of the tank body (403), a cylinder body (406) is rotatably connected to the inside of the tank body (403) via a bearing, a sediment inlet is provided on the surface of the cylinder body (406) in the form of a ring array, and the inside of the cylinder body (406) A spiral blade (407) is provided, a bevel gear 1 (408) is fixed on the surface of the cylinder (406), a bevel gear 2 (409) is fixed on the surface of the spiral blade (407), a transmission shaft (410) is rotatably connected to a side wall of the support plate (405) via a bearing, a transmission bevel gear (411) is fixed on the surface of the transmission shaft (410), the transmission bevel gear (411) is meshingly connected with the bevel gear 1 (408) and the bevel gear 2 (409), a rotating plate (412) is fixed at one end of the transmission shaft (410), a reciprocating rod (413) is movably connected to a side wall of the rotating plate (412) via a T-shaped shaft, and the bottom end of the reciprocating rod (413) slides through the tank body (403) and extends to the inside thereof; a piston cylinder (414) fixed to the outer wall of the tank body (403) by a mounting frame is provided on one side of the reciprocating rod (413); a piston plate (415) is slidably provided inside the piston cylinder (414); two piston rods (416) are fixed to the top of the piston plate (415); the top ends of the two piston rods (416) slide through the piston cylinder (414) and extend to the top thereof and are fixedly connected to the reciprocating rod (413); an intake check valve (417) is installed on the two intake pipes of the piston cylinder (414); a heating component (418) for heating the air sucked into the piston cylinder (414) is provided on the top of the support plate (405); the two outlet pipes of the piston cylinder (414) An air outlet check valve (419) is installed on each of the air pipelines. A mounting seat (420) fixed to the inner wall of the tank body (403) is provided at each of the two sediment discharge pipe ports of the cylinder body (406). An air blowing plate (421) is fixed on each of the mounting seats (420). A scattering assembly (422) for dispersing the sediment discharged from the discharge pipe of the cylinder body (406) is provided inside each of the mounting seats (420). An air delivery elbow (423) is connected and fixed to the two air outlet pipes of the piston cylinder (414). Both ends of the air delivery elbow (423) penetrate the tank body (403) and extend into the interior thereof and are connected and fixed to the corresponding air blowing plate (421). A stirring paddle (424) is fixed on the surface of the cylinder body (406).A knife gate valve (425) mounted at the bottom of the cylinder (406) is provided below the stirring paddle (424), a drain pipe (426) is fixed inside the drain hole of the cylinder (406), an electric valve (427) is installed on the drain pipe (426), and a circular filter (428) fixed inside the drain pipe (426) is provided on one side of the electric valve (427), and a dissolved oxygen sensor (429), a pH sensor (430), a water conductivity sensor (431), and an optical sensor (432) for detecting the entering water are installed on the tank (403).

5. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating component (418) comprises a heating box (41801) fixed on the top of the support plate (405), the top ends of the two air inlet pipes of the piston cylinder (414) are connected and fixed to the bottom of the heating box (41801), an insulation frame (41802) is fixed inside the heating box (41801), three heating wires (41803) are fixed between the inner walls on both sides of the insulation frame (41802), a protective net (41804) is fixed at the air inlet of the heating box (41801), and four inclined plates (41805) are fixed inside the heating box (41801).

6. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scattering assembly (422) comprises a hollow tube (42201) rotatably connected to a mounting seat (420) via a bearing, one end of the hollow tube (42201) being sealingly rotatably connected to an air blowing disc (421), a pneumatic spiral disc (42202) being fixed to the other end of the hollow tube (42201), a rotating disc (42203) being fixed to the top of the pneumatic spiral disc (42202) via a round rod, scattering blades (42204) being fixed to the top of the rotating disc (42203) in an annular array, an annular rail (42205) for limiting the rotating disc (42203) being fixed to the mounting seat (420), and the rotating disc (42203) being rotated inside an annular groove formed in the annular rail (42205).

7. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support ring (433) is rotatably connected inside the annular limiting groove formed at the bottom of the support plate (405), and the support ring (433) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (409).

8. The plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized by: Two water inlet pipes (434) and an exhaust pipe (435) are connected and fixed to the top of the tank body (403); the water inlet pipes (434) are rubber hoses, and a dustproof net is fixed inside the exhaust pipe (435).

9. A plateau runoff integrated monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The knife gate valve (425) and the electric valve (427) are both controlled wirelessly.

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