Vehicle battery power supply state real-time detection method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to a vehicle battery power supply state real-time detection method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting the voltage, current and temperature data of a vehicle battery in real time; s2, preprocessing the acquired voltage, current and temperature data; s3, calculating the internal resistance and the charge state of the vehicle battery; s4, determining the health state of the vehicle battery, and calculating the residual electric quantity of the vehicle battery according to the charge state; and S5, judging whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged or not according to the calculation result of the health state and the residual electric quantity, and outputting corresponding charging prompt information when the vehicle battery needs to be charged. According to the invention, by monitoring the health state and the residual electric quantity of the vehicle battery in real time and based on multi-parameter analysis and dynamic calculation, the performance change of the battery can be accurately predicted, an operator of a seismic station can be prompted in time, the battery management precision is improved, and the safety and the use reliability of an electric vehicle are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management, and in particular to a method and system for real-time detection of the power supply status of a vehicle battery. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of electric vehicles, power batteries, as their core components, carry vital energy storage and supply functions; however, during the use of batteries, with repeated charging and discharging, their performance gradually declines, resulting in a decrease in the remaining power and health status of the battery, which in turn affects the vehicle's endurance and safety; traditional battery management systems mostly only monitor the battery in the initial use stage, and it is difficult to detect the performance changes of the battery during use in time, resulting in battery failure or premature failure; especially after the battery performance declines to a certain level, the battery can still continue to be used, but is usually eliminated, which not only wastes resources, but also increases the environmental burden; In addition, the replaced power battery has a certain amount of residual capacity. After performance evaluation, it can be used in a cascade in specific scenarios, such as in fixed application sites such as seismic stations. Seismic stations have high requirements for battery stability and low equipment power consumption. The replaced battery can continue to provide power support for monitoring equipment in these scenarios. However, most current battery management systems do not consider the battery's cascade utilization process and lack accurate battery performance evaluation methods, resulting in the replaced battery being unable to effectively enter the cascade utilization stage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new technical solution that can accurately monitor the battery's health status and remaining power, and provide a basis for cascade utilization, avoid waste, and maximize the battery's use value. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a method and system for real-time detection of the power supply status of a vehicle battery.

[0004] A method for real-time detection of a vehicle battery power supply status comprises the following steps: S1: Collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the deployed sensor network; S2: preprocessing the collected voltage, current and temperature data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; S3: Calculate the internal resistance and charge state of the vehicle battery using a preset battery model based on the preprocessed voltage, current and temperature data; S4: Compare the internal resistance calculated by S3 with a preset battery health standard to determine the health state of the vehicle battery, and calculate the remaining power of the vehicle battery according to the charge state; S5: judging whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged according to the calculation results of the health status and the remaining power, and outputting corresponding charging prompt information when charging is required; S6: Display the health status and remaining power information of the vehicle battery to the seismic station operator in real time.

[0005] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes: S11: installing a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor at the positive and negative ports of the vehicle battery, wherein the voltage sensor is used to measure the terminal voltage of the battery in real time; the current sensor is used to measure the charge and discharge current of the battery in real time; and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the operating temperature of the battery in real time; S12: transmitting the data collected by the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the temperature sensor to the data receiving terminal in real time through wireless communication, wherein the wireless communication method includes low-power Bluetooth, Zigbee or Wi-Fi; S13: During the data transmission process, the timestamp technology is used to time-mark the data collected by each sensor to ensure the synchronization of the data in time.

[0006] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes: S21: According to the collected voltage, current and temperature data, the effective range and threshold value of each data are set; S22: Perform a preliminary screening on each collected data, and treat the data exceeding the set threshold as abnormal values, and remove or mark them as invalid data; S23: performing noise removal processing on the screened data, and smoothing the voltage, current and temperature data using a median filter algorithm or a weighted moving average method to reduce interference of random noise on the data; S24: receiving the processed voltage, current and temperature data, and applying a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise; S25: Time alignment is performed on the data after noise removal and filtering to ensure that the collected data of each sensor is synchronized on the time axis.

[0007] Optionally, the S24 specifically includes: S241: Determine the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter, where the cutoff frequency is set to 5 Hz; S242: A first-order low-pass filter is used to construct a mathematical model of the low-pass filter. The transfer function expression of the mathematical model is: ,in, is the transfer function of the low-pass filter, is the cutoff frequency of the filter, is the complex frequency domain variable in Laplace transform; S243: The pre-processed voltage, current and temperature data are used as input signals, respectively, filtered through a low-pass filter, and calculated according to the following differential equation: ,in, is the output signal after filtering, is the input signal at the current moment, is the sequence number of the current moment, is the filter coefficient; S244: Normalize the filtered voltage, current and temperature data to ensure that each parameter is within the same magnitude range.

[0008] Optionally, the S3 specifically includes: S31: Selecting a battery model of a vehicle battery type, wherein the battery model includes parameters describing the electrochemical reaction process of the battery and physical parameters, including the open circuit voltage, internal resistance, charge and discharge curve, and temperature coefficient of the battery; S32: using the preprocessed voltage, current and temperature data, combined with the physical parameters in the battery model, to calculate the instantaneous internal resistance of the battery, specifically, based on the instantaneous voltage and current data of the battery, combined with the charge and discharge characteristics of the battery and the influence of temperature, using the equivalent circuit model of the battery to estimate the internal resistance of the battery; S33: Based on the preprocessed voltage and current data and in combination with the electrochemical reaction model of the battery, the charge state of the vehicle battery is calculated. Specifically, the total discharge amount or charge amount of the battery is calculated according to the current integral, thereby obtaining the charge state of the battery.

[0009] Optionally, the S32 specifically includes: S321: Obtain pre-processed instantaneous voltage data and instantaneous current data ,in Indicates at time The battery terminal voltage at the moment, Indicates at time The charge and discharge current at each moment; S322: Select an equivalent circuit model of a vehicle battery type, wherein the equivalent circuit model includes an open circuit voltage source of a battery , an internal resistance and a capacitor , used to simulate the electrochemical reaction process of the battery under different working conditions; S323: According to the selected equivalent circuit model, a relationship between the battery voltage and current is established, and the expression is: ,in, is the integration variable; From time 0 to The current integral represents the total charge of the battery during this period; S324: Obtained through measurement and Substitute the data into the above relationship and use the least squares method to solve the internal resistance of the battery ; S325: Apply temperature compensation coefficient based on the effect of temperature on battery internal resistance , adjust the calculated internal resistance to the following formula: , is the internal resistance after temperature compensation; The internal resistance calculated for S324; is the temperature compensation coefficient; is the current battery operating temperature; is the reference temperature.

[0010] Optionally, the S33 specifically includes: S331: Current data obtained from S321 , and integrate it over time to calculate the total charge of the battery; the formula is: ,in, From time 0 to The total charge during the period; For battery in time The charge and discharge current at each moment; is the integration variable; S332: Calculate the battery state of charge (SOC) according to the battery charge and discharge characteristics; the battery state of charge reflects the ratio of the current remaining power of the battery to its maximum power. The charge state calculation formula is: ,in, For time The battery's charge status at all times; For time The total charge at the time; is the nominal capacity of the battery in coulomb; S333: Based on the temperature influence of the battery, the calculated state of charge Perform temperature compensation; the formula is: ,in, is the battery charge state after temperature compensation; For time The battery's charge status at all times; is the temperature compensation coefficient; is the current battery operating temperature; is the reference temperature.

[0011] Optionally, the S4 specifically includes: S41: The internal resistance of the battery , and preset battery health standards Compare to determine the health status of the battery; the specific judgment expression is: ; in, The internal resistance of the battery calculated by S32; It is the preset battery health standard, indicating the maximum allowable internal resistance of the battery in a good health state; is the threshold value of the internal resistance of the battery; S42: Battery charge state after temperature compensation , calculate the remaining battery power , the formula is: ,in, For time The remaining battery power at all times; is the battery charge state after temperature compensation; is the nominal capacity of the battery.

[0012] Optionally, the S5 specifically includes: S51: Battery health status calculated by S41 and remaining power calculated by S42 , determine whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged; If the battery health status is good and the remaining power is Above the preset charging threshold When the battery is charged, no charging is required; If the battery health status is Warning, Bad or Remaining Power Below charging threshold When the battery is charged, it needs to be charged.

[0013] A vehicle battery power supply status real-time detection system, used to implement the above-mentioned vehicle battery power supply status real-time detection method, includes the following modules: Battery data acquisition module: used to collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the sensor network, and transmit the collected data to the data preprocessing module; Data preprocessing module: used to preprocess the battery data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; Battery status calculation module: Based on the pre-processed battery voltage, current and temperature data, the battery internal resistance and charge state are calculated using a preset battery model, and the calculation results are transmitted to the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module; Health status judgment module: used for comparing the internal resistance of the battery with a preset battery health standard, judging the health status of the battery, and transmitting the health status information to the display module; A remaining power calculation module is used to calculate the remaining power of the battery according to the battery charge state, and transmit the remaining power information to the display module; Display module: used to receive the battery health status and remaining power information output by the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module, and display it to the seismic station operator.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention can accurately evaluate the health status and remaining power of the vehicle battery in real time by comprehensively utilizing data such as battery voltage, current and temperature, and combining it with a preset battery model; this dynamic monitoring method based on multi-parameter analysis is more comprehensive and accurate than traditional single parameter evaluation; by real-time collection and processing of battery working data, this solution can timely reflect the health changes of the battery, discover potential battery failures or performance degradation in advance, and thus avoid various safety risks caused by battery problems.

[0015] The present invention, through real-time battery monitoring technology, can dynamically calculate the remaining power of the battery according to the battery's charge state and health state, and display it to the seismic station operator in real time; this technology effectively solves the problem that traditional battery management systems cannot reflect the remaining power of the battery in real time and accurately, allowing seismic station operators to understand the battery status at any time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for real-time detection of battery power supply status according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a battery power supply status real-time detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0020] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status includes the following steps: S1: Collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the deployed sensor network; S2: preprocessing the collected voltage, current and temperature data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; S3: Calculate the internal resistance and charge state of the vehicle battery using a preset battery model based on the preprocessed voltage, current and temperature data; S4: Compare the internal resistance calculated by S3 with a preset battery health standard to determine the health state of the vehicle battery, and calculate the remaining power of the vehicle battery according to the charge state; S5: judging whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged according to the calculation results of the health status and the remaining power, and outputting corresponding charging prompt information when charging is required; S6: Display the health status and remaining power information of the vehicle battery to the seismic station operator in real time, so that the seismic station operator can understand the power supply status of the vehicle battery in a timely manner.

[0022] S1 specifically includes: S11: Install a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor at the positive and negative ports of the vehicle battery, wherein the voltage sensor is used to measure the terminal voltage of the battery in real time; the current sensor is used to measure the charge and discharge current of the battery in real time; and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the working temperature of the battery in real time to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the working status of the battery; S12: transmitting the data collected by the voltage sensor, the current sensor, and the temperature sensor to the data receiving terminal in real time through wireless communication, where the wireless communication method includes low-power Bluetooth, Zigbee, or Wi-Fi, so as to achieve efficient data transmission; S13: During the data transmission process, the data collected by each sensor is time-marked using timestamp technology to ensure the synchronization of the data in time, so that the collection time of each set of data can be accurately identified during subsequent processing; through the implementation of the above specific steps, it can ensure that the voltage, current and temperature data of the battery are collected in real time and accurately under various working conditions. At the same time, the time synchronization of the data is guaranteed by timestamp technology to avoid data loss or confusion. The application of wireless communication makes data transmission efficient and reliable, which helps to monitor the working status of the battery in real time.

[0023] S2 specifically includes: S21: according to the collected voltage, current and temperature data, the valid range and threshold value of each data are set. The valid range is determined based on the normal working range of the vehicle battery. The setting of the threshold value is adjusted according to the historical data or the battery working characteristics to determine whether there is abnormal data. S22: Perform a preliminary screening of each collected data, treat the data exceeding the set threshold as outliers, and remove or mark them as invalid data to ensure that subsequent analysis is based on reliable data; S23: performing noise removal processing on the screened data, and smoothing the voltage, current and temperature data using a median filter algorithm or a weighted moving average method to reduce interference of random noise on the data, thereby improving the accuracy of the data; S24: receiving the processed voltage, current and temperature data, and applying a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise, thereby making the data more stable, adapting to the dynamic changes of the battery, and ensuring the smoothness and stability of the data; S25: Time-align the data after noise removal and filtering to ensure that the collected data of each sensor are synchronized on the time axis, so that the changes in various battery parameters can be accurately compared in subsequent calculations and analysis; through the implementation of the above steps, it can be ensured that the collected voltage, current and temperature data are free of noise and outliers during the preprocessing process, thereby effectively improving the reliability and accuracy of the data.

[0024] S24 specifically includes: S241: determining a cutoff frequency of a low-pass filter, wherein the cutoff frequency is set to 5 Hz to ensure that noise components higher than 5 Hz are filtered out and to adapt to dynamic changes in the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery; S242: A first-order low-pass filter is used to construct a mathematical model of the low-pass filter. The transfer function expression of the mathematical model is: ,in, is the transfer function of the low-pass filter, which represents the relationship between the input signal and the output signal. is the cutoff frequency of the filter, in units of , is the complex frequency domain variable in Laplace transform, The definition is ,in is the attenuation rate, is the frequency (in ); S243: The pre-processed voltage, current and temperature data are used as input signals, respectively, filtered through a low-pass filter, and calculated according to the following differential equation: ,in, is the filtered output signal, indicating the filtering result at the current moment, is the input signal at the current moment, indicating the collected voltage, current or temperature data, is the sequence number of the current moment, is the filter coefficient, defined as: ,in, is the sampling time interval in seconds, is the time constant of the filter in seconds, With cutoff frequency The relationship is: ; S244: Normalize the filtered voltage, current and temperature data to ensure that each parameter is within the same order of magnitude for subsequent battery status calculation; through the implementation of the above steps, the low-pass filter can accurately filter out high-frequency noise in the vehicle battery voltage, current and temperature data to ensure the smoothness and stability of the data.

[0025] S3 specifically includes: S31: Select a battery model of a vehicle battery type, the battery model includes parameters describing the electrochemical reaction process of the battery and physical parameters, including the open circuit voltage, internal resistance, charge and discharge curve and temperature coefficient of the battery; S32: using the pre-processed voltage, current and temperature data, combined with the physical parameters in the battery model, the instantaneous internal resistance of the battery is calculated. Specifically, according to the instantaneous voltage and current data of the battery, combined with the charge and discharge characteristics of the battery and the influence of temperature, the internal resistance of the battery is estimated using the equivalent circuit model of the battery. The calculation obtains the real-time internal resistance value by analyzing the voltage fluctuation of the battery under load and combining the influence of the current change on the resistance. S33: Based on the pre-processed voltage and current data and the electrochemical reaction model of the battery, the state of charge (SOC) of the vehicle battery is calculated. Specifically, the total discharge or charge amount of the battery is calculated based on the current integral to obtain the battery state of charge. During the calculation process, the influence of the battery's operating temperature on the SOC is taken into account, and the calculation result is corrected by the temperature compensation coefficient to ensure the accuracy of the SOC calculation.

[0026] S32 specifically includes: S321: Obtain pre-processed instantaneous voltage data and instantaneous current data ,in Indicates at time The battery terminal voltage at the moment, Indicates at time The charge and discharge current at each moment; S322: Select the equivalent circuit model of the vehicle battery type. The equivalent circuit model includes an open circuit voltage source for the battery. , an internal resistor and a capacitor , used to simulate the electrochemical reaction process of the battery under different working conditions; S323: According to the selected equivalent circuit model, a relationship between the battery voltage and current is established, and the expression is: ,in, is the integration variable; From time 0 to The current integral represents the total charge of the battery during this period, in coulombs; S324: Obtained through measurement and Substitute the data into the above relationship and use the least squares method to solve the internal resistance of the battery ; The specific steps are as follows: a. For multiple time points , record the corresponding voltage and current ; b. Substitute the data at each time point into the relationship to form a linear equation system; c. Solve the equations using the least squares method to obtain the internal resistance The estimated value of .

[0027] S325: Apply temperature compensation coefficient based on the effect of temperature on battery internal resistance , adjust the calculated internal resistance to the following formula: , is the internal resistance after temperature compensation, in ohms; The internal resistance calculated for S324; is the temperature compensation coefficient in degrees Celsius; is the current battery operating temperature in degrees Celsius; is the reference temperature in degrees Celsius.

[0028] S33 specifically includes: S331: Current data obtained from S321 , and integrate it over time to calculate the total charge of the battery; the formula is: ,in, From time 0 to The total charge during the period, in coulombs; For battery in time The charge and discharge current at the moment, in amperes; is the integral variable, representing time; S332: Calculate the battery's state of charge (SOC) based on the battery's charge and discharge characteristics. The battery's state of charge reflects the ratio of the battery's current remaining capacity to its maximum capacity. The state of charge calculation formula is: ,in, For time The battery's state of charge at the moment, in percentage; From time 0 to The total charge during the period, in coulombs; is the nominal capacity of the battery, measured in coulombs, which indicates the amount of charge that the battery can store when fully charged; S333: Based on the temperature influence of the battery, the calculated state of charge Perform temperature compensation; the formula is: ,in, is the battery charge state after temperature compensation, in percentage; For time The battery's state of charge at the moment, in percentage; is the temperature compensation coefficient in degrees Celsius; is the current battery operating temperature in degrees Celsius; is the reference temperature in degrees Celsius. Through the implementation of the above steps, the total charge and discharge capacity of the battery can be accurately calculated and the charge state of the battery can be calculated based on this. By using the time integral of the current, not only can the charging or discharging process of the battery be accurately reflected, but also the influence of temperature changes on the calculation of the battery charge state can be eliminated through the temperature compensation mechanism.

[0029] S4 specifically includes: S41: The internal resistance of the battery , and preset battery health standards Compare to determine the health status of the battery; the specific judgment expression is: ; in, is the internal resistance after temperature compensation; It is the preset battery health standard, expressed in ohms, indicating the maximum allowable internal resistance of the battery in a good health state; The threshold of the battery's internal resistance. If it exceeds this value, the battery is in poor health. The unit is ohm. The battery health status is divided into three states: good, warning and bad. S42: Battery charge state after temperature compensation , calculate the remaining battery power , the formula is: ,in, For time The remaining battery capacity at the moment, in coulombs; is the battery charge state after temperature compensation, in percentage; is the nominal capacity of the battery, measured in coulombs, which represents the amount of charge that the battery can store when fully charged. Through the implementation of the above steps, a comprehensive assessment of the health status of the vehicle battery can be achieved, abnormal battery conditions can be discovered in time, and accurate battery health management recommendations can be provided to users. In addition, through real-time calculation of the remaining battery power, users can be ensured to charge or replace the battery at the appropriate time to avoid safety risks caused by battery exhaustion.

[0030] S5 specifically includes: S51: Battery health status calculated by S41 and remaining power calculated by S42 , determine whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged; If the battery health status is good and the remaining power is Above the preset charging threshold When the battery is charged, no charging is required; If the battery health status is Warning, Bad or Remaining Power Below charging threshold When the battery is charged, it needs to be charged.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, a real-time detection system for the power supply status of a vehicle battery is used to implement the above-mentioned real-time detection method for the power supply status of a vehicle battery, and includes the following modules: Battery data acquisition module: used to collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the sensor network, and transmit the collected data to the data preprocessing module; Data preprocessing module: used to preprocess the battery data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; Battery status calculation module: Based on the pre-processed battery voltage, current and temperature data, the battery internal resistance and charge state are calculated using a preset battery model, and the calculation results are transmitted to the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module; Health status judgment module: used for comparing the internal resistance of the battery with a preset battery health standard, judging the health status of the battery, and transmitting the health status information to the display module; A remaining power calculation module is used to calculate the remaining power of the battery according to the battery charge state, and transmit the remaining power information to the display module; Display module: used to receive the battery health status and remaining power information output by the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module, and display it to the seismic station operator; through the above-mentioned real-time detection system of vehicle battery power supply status, real-time monitoring and accurate evaluation of vehicle battery status can be achieved; each module works closely together to ensure that from data collection to battery health status judgment, remaining power calculation, and real-time display, a complete data flow and control link is formed.

[0032] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the deployed sensor network; S2: preprocessing the collected voltage, current and temperature data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; S3: Calculate the internal resistance and charge state of the vehicle battery using a preset battery model based on the preprocessed voltage, current and temperature data; S4: Compare the internal resistance calculated by S3 with a preset battery health standard to determine the health state of the vehicle battery, and calculate the remaining power of the vehicle battery according to the charge state; S5: judging whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged according to the calculation results of the health status and the remaining power, and outputting corresponding charging prompt information when charging is required; S6: Display the health status and remaining power information of the vehicle battery to the seismic station operator in real time.

2. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 specifically includes: S11: installing a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor at the positive and negative ports of the vehicle battery, wherein the voltage sensor is used to measure the terminal voltage of the battery in real time; the current sensor is used to measure the charge and discharge current of the battery in real time; and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the operating temperature of the battery in real time; S12: transmitting the data collected by the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the temperature sensor to the data receiving terminal in real time through wireless communication, wherein the wireless communication method includes low-power Bluetooth, Zigbee or Wi-Fi; S13: During the data transmission process, the timestamp technology is used to time-mark the data collected by each sensor to ensure the synchronization of the data in time.

3. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21: According to the collected voltage, current and temperature data, the effective range and threshold value of each data are set; S22: Perform a preliminary screening on each collected data, and treat the data exceeding the set threshold as abnormal values, and remove or mark them as invalid data; S23: performing noise removal processing on the screened data, and smoothing the voltage, current and temperature data using a median filter algorithm or a weighted moving average method to reduce interference of random noise on the data; S24: receiving the processed voltage, current and temperature data, and applying a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise; S25: Time alignment is performed on the data after noise removal and filtering to ensure that the collected data of each sensor is synchronized on the time axis.

4. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S24 specifically includes: S241: Determine the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter, where the cutoff frequency is set to 5 Hz; S242: A first-order low-pass filter is used to construct a mathematical model of the low-pass filter. The transfer function expression of the mathematical model is: ,in, is the transfer function of the low-pass filter, is the cutoff frequency of the filter, is the complex frequency domain variable in Laplace transform; S243: The pre-processed voltage, current and temperature data are used as input signals, respectively, filtered through a low-pass filter, and calculated according to the following differential equation: ,in, is the output signal after filtering, is the input signal at the current moment, is the sequence number of the current moment, is the filter coefficient; S244: Normalize the filtered voltage, current and temperature data to ensure that each parameter is within the same magnitude range.

5. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31: Selecting a battery model of a vehicle battery type, wherein the battery model includes parameters and physical parameters describing the electrochemical reaction process of the battery, including the open circuit voltage, internal resistance, charge and discharge curve, and temperature coefficient of the battery; S32: using the preprocessed voltage, current and temperature data, combined with the physical parameters in the battery model, to calculate the instantaneous internal resistance of the battery, specifically, based on the instantaneous voltage and current data of the battery, combined with the charge and discharge characteristics of the battery and the influence of temperature, using the equivalent circuit model of the battery to estimate the internal resistance of the battery; S33: Based on the preprocessed voltage and current data and in combination with the electrochemical reaction model of the battery, the charge state of the vehicle battery is calculated. Specifically, the total discharge amount or charge amount of the battery is calculated according to the current integral, thereby obtaining the charge state of the battery.

6. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S32 specifically includes: S321: Obtain pre-processed instantaneous voltage data and instantaneous current data ,in Indicates at time The battery terminal voltage at the moment, Indicates at time The charge and discharge current at each moment; S322: Select an equivalent circuit model of a vehicle battery type, wherein the equivalent circuit model includes an open circuit voltage source of a battery , an internal resistance and a capacitor , used to simulate the electrochemical reaction process of the battery under different working conditions; S323: According to the selected equivalent circuit model, a relationship between the battery voltage and current is established, and the expression is: ,in, is the integration variable; From time 0 to The current integral represents the total charge of the battery during this period; S324: Obtained through measurement and Substitute the data into the above relationship and use the least squares method to solve the internal resistance of the battery ; S325: Apply temperature compensation coefficient based on the effect of temperature on battery internal resistance , adjust the calculated internal resistance to the following formula: , is the internal resistance after temperature compensation; The internal resistance calculated for S324; is the temperature compensation coefficient; is the current battery operating temperature; is the reference temperature.

7. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S33 specifically includes: S331: Current data obtained from S321 , and integrate it over time to calculate the total charge of the battery; the formula is: ,in, From time 0 to The total charge during the period; For battery in time The charge and discharge current at each moment; is the integration variable; S332: Calculate the battery state of charge (SOC) according to the battery charge and discharge characteristics; the battery state of charge reflects the ratio of the current remaining power of the battery to its maximum power. The charge state calculation formula is: ,in, For time The battery's charge status at all times; For time The total charge at the time; is the nominal capacity of the battery in coulomb; S333: Based on the temperature influence of the battery, the calculated state of charge Perform temperature compensation; the formula is: ,in, is the battery charge state after temperature compensation; For time The battery's charge status at all times; is the temperature compensation coefficient; is the current battery operating temperature; is the reference temperature.

8. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S41: The internal resistance of the battery , and preset battery health standards Compare to determine the health status of the battery; the specific judgment expression is: ； in, The internal resistance of the battery calculated by S32; It is the preset battery health standard, indicating the maximum allowable internal resistance of the battery in a good health state; is the threshold value of the internal resistance of the battery; S42: Battery charge state after temperature compensation , calculate the remaining battery power , the formula is: ,in, For time The remaining battery power at all times; is the battery charge state after temperature compensation; is the nominal capacity of the battery.

9. A method for real-time detection of vehicle battery power supply status according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S51: Battery health status calculated by S41 and remaining power calculated by S42 , determine whether the vehicle battery needs to be charged; If the battery health status is good and the remaining power is Above the preset charging threshold When the battery is charged, no charging is required; If the battery health status is Warning, Bad or Remaining Power Below charging threshold When the battery is charged, it needs to be charged.

10. A vehicle battery power supply status real-time detection system, used to implement a vehicle battery power supply status real-time detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Battery data acquisition module: used to collect the voltage, current and temperature data of the vehicle battery in real time through the sensor network, and transmit the collected data to the data preprocessing module; Data preprocessing module: used to preprocess the battery data, including removing noise and outliers, and filtering the data; Battery status calculation module: Based on the pre-processed battery voltage, current and temperature data, the battery internal resistance and charge state are calculated using a preset battery model, and the calculation results are transmitted to the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module; Health status judgment module: used for comparing the internal resistance of the battery with a preset battery health standard, judging the health status of the battery, and transmitting the health status information to the display module; A remaining power calculation module is used to calculate the remaining power of the battery according to the battery charge state, and transmit the remaining power information to the display module; Display module: used to receive the battery health status and remaining power information output by the health status judgment module and the remaining power calculation module, and display it to the seismic station operator.

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