Weighing type water surface evaporation capacity measurement and analysis system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a weighing type water surface evaporation capacity measurement and analysis system which comprises an evaporation module, a data sensing transmission module is powered by a power supply module, the data sensing transmission module is arranged on the evaporation module, and the data sensing transmission module is used for collecting data of the evaporation module; the data sensing transmission module is in signal connection with the analysis module through a wireless network, the analysis module calculates the evaporation capacity of the evaporation module according to data collected by the data sensing transmission module, and the analysis module establishes an evaporation model of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module. According to the method, the characteristic analysis neural network model is established while evaporation and evaporation influence related data are measured, evaporation capacity abnormal data can be rapidly identified through the model, an evaporation measurement task can be rapidly and accurately completed, data transmission is performed through the block chain, and it is guaranteed that transmitted data cannot be changed and can be traced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system and method. Background Art

[0002] The process of water changing from liquid or solid to gas and escaping into the atmosphere is called evaporation. Evaporation refers to the amount of water that evaporates and spreads into the air within a certain period of time. It is usually expressed in millimeters of the thickness of the evaporated water layer, and the amount of water evaporated from the water surface or soil. The impact of evaporation on people is mainly concentrated on agricultural production and life. Research on changes in evaporation is very important for in-depth understanding of climate change and exploration of the laws of water cycle changes. It has important guiding significance for water conservancy project design, soil improvement in agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, soil moisture regulation, irrigation quota formulation, research on water resources, and formulation of climate zoning.

[0003] Evaporation is an important link in the water cycle and an important topic in hydrological research. It is the main part of water loss in water bodies such as reservoirs and lakes, and is also the basic reference data for studying land surface evaporation. Water surface evaporation data is needed in hydrological calculations of water conservancy projects, water balance research of reservoirs and lakes, and other projects. Carrying out water surface evaporation observation work is to better explore the changing laws of water surface evaporation and evaporation capacity of water bodies in different regions and time, and provide a basis for water resource evaluation and scientific research. In agriculture, if irrigation is the income item of farmland water balance, then evaporation is the main expenditure item of water balance. It is an important basis for planning water storage and water supply, designing drought prevention and drought resistance measures, and an important indicator for identifying crop water supply conditions. Water evaporation affects the planting system, cultivation measures and crop growth conditions. Through the evaporation sensor, the local water evaporation can be understood, the water utilization rate can be improved through data, and water can be replenished or irrigation can be stopped in time to provide guarantee for crop growth.

[0004] However, the existing water surface evaporation measurement technology can only measure the evaporation of the water surface alone, and does not have the ability to simultaneously measure factors related to evaporation, such as air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, etc., nor does it have the ability to analyze the relationship between factors related to evaporation, such as air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, etc., and cannot complete the measurement task quickly and accurately, and cannot guarantee data security and traceability during data transmission. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system and method, which is used to solve the problem that the water surface evaporation measurement technology in the prior art does not have the ability to analyze the relationship between factors such as air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, etc. related to evaporation, cannot complete the measurement task quickly and accurately, and cannot guarantee data security and data traceability during data transmission.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system, comprising: A power supply module, an evaporation module, a data sensing transmission module, a water replenishment overflow module and an analysis module, wherein the evaporation module and the data sensing transmission module are powered by the power supply module, the data sensing transmission module is arranged on the evaporation module, the data sensing transmission module is used to collect data from the evaporation module, the data sensing transmission module is connected to the analysis module through a blockchain unit, the analysis module calculates the evaporation amount of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module, the analysis module establishes a feature analysis neural network model of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module, and the analysis module performs feature analysis on the data through the feature analysis neural network model.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the evaporation module includes a standard evaporation dish, a weighing unit, a weighing rainfall measurement unit, a water replenishment and drainage device, and a level adjustment device.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the data sensing transmission module includes a data transmission unit and a data acquisition unit, and the data acquisition unit includes an air temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a water temperature measurement system, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a solar radiation sensor and an evaporation data monitoring device.

[0009] In a possible implementation, a local storage device is provided in the data transmission unit, and the data is stored and backed up in the local storage device and then transmitted to the analysis module through the data transmission unit.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the analysis module calculates the evaporation amount of the evaporation module by using an evaporation formula of water in the standard evaporation dish and an empirical formula of an environmental coefficient.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the analysis module is a server disposed in the cloud.

[0012] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method, comprising: The data sensing and transmission module collects the data of the evaporation of the measured water from the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module collects environmental data around the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module backs up the data and the environmental data and then transmits the data and the environmental data to the analysis module; The analysis module constructs an evaporation model of the evaporation module by calculating the evaporation amount.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the data is data of the water volume in a standard evaporating dish, and the environmental data includes air temperature and humidity data, wind speed and direction data, air pressure data, water temperature data, and solar radiation data.

[0014] The weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system and method of the present invention have the following advantages: (1) While measuring evaporation and evaporation-related data, a feature analysis neural network model is established. The model can be used to quickly identify abnormal evaporation data and complete the evaporation measurement task quickly and accurately.

[0015] (2) Data is transmitted through blockchain to ensure that the transmitted data is immutable and traceable.

[0016] (3) Through high-precision and effective measurement of large-scale evaporation, it provides strong data support for the rational allocation of water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the effect of solar radiation on water surface evaporation in a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the effect of wind speed on water surface evaporation in a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the effect of humidity on water surface evaporation in a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the effect of temperature on water surface evaporation in a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the effect of air pressure on water surface evaporation in a weighing-type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; an embodiment of the present invention provides a weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system, comprising: A power supply module, an evaporation module, a data sensing transmission module, a water replenishment overflow module and an analysis module. The evaporation module and the data sensing transmission module are powered by the power supply module. The data sensing transmission module is arranged on the evaporation module. The data sensing transmission module is used to collect data of the evaporation module. The data sensing transmission module is connected to the analysis module through a blockchain unit. The analysis module calculates the evaporation amount of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module. The analysis module establishes a feature analysis neural network model of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module. The analysis module performs feature analysis on the data through the feature analysis neural network model. The evaporation module includes a standard evaporation dish, a weighing unit, a weighing rainfall measurement unit, a water replenishment and drainage device and a level adjustment device. The data sensing transmission module includes a data transmission unit and a data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit includes an air temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a water temperature measuring device, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a solar radiation sensor and an evaporation data monitoring device. The analysis module performs analysis through the evaporation formula of water in the standard evaporation dish and the empirical formula of the environmental coefficient.

[0021] Exemplarily, the power supply module is arranged at the evaporation station where the evaporation module is installed, and the evaporation module and the data sensing transmission module are powered by the power supply module. The data sensing transmission module collects the data of the evaporation module and then transmits it to the analysis module through the blockchain. During transmission, the data is stored in all nodes through the blockchain and the data source and timestamp are recorded to ensure the security and traceability of data transmission and make the transmitted data unchangeable. The data includes various environmental data collected by the data acquisition unit of the data sensing transmission module and the data of the evaporation module, wherein the air temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect air temperature and humidity data, the wind speed and direction sensor is used to collect the surrounding wind direction and wind speed data of the evaporation station, the water temperature measuring device is used to collect the water temperature data of the measured water of the evaporation module and set the freezing warning threshold, the water freezing in the evaporation module causes inaccurate measurement results, the atmospheric pressure sensor is used to collect the air pressure data around the evaporation station, the solar radiation sensor is used to collect the solar radiation data near the evaporation station and the evaporation module, and the evaporation data monitoring device indirectly achieves the function of monitoring the evaporation by monitoring the water surface change data of the measured water in the evaporation module. The analysis module models the evaporation model of the evaporation module through the data collected by the data acquisition unit. The three supporting parts of the horizontal adjustment device are supported by a reduction motor to monitor the status of the horizontal sensor. When the horizontal angle of the X\Y axis of the horizontal adjustment device is greater than 0.2°, the motor adjusts the horizontal XY horizontal angle to achieve the purpose of leveling.

[0022] The water replenishment overflow module is used to replenish water when the evaporation amount of the evaporation module exceeds the water storage capacity of the standard evaporation dish, record the overflow amount of the standard evaporation dish when it rains, and finally record the water replenishment and overflow data, and transmit the water replenishment and overflow data to the data transmission module.

[0023] The analysis module is modeled by the data collected by the data acquisition unit. The evaporation model of the evaporation module is modeled according to the evaporation calculation formula, using HPWM (high-precision weighing measurement algorithm), integrating water replenishment overflow, timed weighing measurement, environmental information monitoring, timely calculation, and timely transmission. The real-time evaporation amount E0 is calculated as follows: 1) The real-time evaporation calculation formula is: E0=h1-h2 Where: E0 is the real-time evaporation amount, in mm h1 is the real-time water level measured in the evaporation barrel, in mm h2 is the next real-time (10s interval) water level measurement in the evaporation barrel, in mm Evaporation tank water level calculation formula: h1=

[0024] h2=

[0025] Where: h is the real-time water level measured in the evaporation drum, in mm G is the real-time weight of the evaporation drum, unit is g S is the water surface area of ​​the evaporation barrel, unit: mm 2 Daily evaporation calculation formula:

[0026] Where: E is the daily evaporation, in mm E0 is the real-time evaporation amount, in mm k is an environmental coefficient, which is acquired through collection and analysis by a sensor of a data collection unit.

[0027] The environmental coefficient k is obtained through environmental data, empirical formulas and actual experiments. The environmental coefficient k is the product of air temperature and humidity coefficient, wind speed and direction coefficient, air pressure coefficient, water temperature coefficient and solar radiation coefficient.

[0028] Solar radiation: Solar radiation directly supplies the energy required for evaporation. Especially for water surface evaporation, almost all solar radiation is used for evaporation. Therefore, solar radiation is the main factor affecting evaporation. Solar radiation varies daily, seasonally and annually, and water surface evaporation will also change accordingly.

[0029] Temperature: As the water temperature increases, the movement speed of water molecules will increase, making it easier for them to escape from the water surface, so the evaporation from the water surface will increase as the water surface temperature increases. The main factor that directly affects the water temperature is the air temperature, so changes in air temperature will affect changes in water surface evaporation. However, since the factors that affect water surface evaporation are relatively complex, changes in air temperature are sometimes not completely consistent with the law of water surface evaporation.

[0030] Humidity: As the humidity of the atmosphere above the water surface increases, the number of water vapor molecules in it increases, and the saturated water vapor pressure difference decreases. The smaller the water vapor pressure difference between the water surface and the atmosphere, the slower the speed at which water molecules escape from the water surface. Therefore, under the same conditions, the lower the air humidity, the greater the evaporation from the water surface. At the same time, the change in humidity is also closely related to the temperature.

[0031] Vapor pressure difference: Vapor pressure difference refers to the difference between the vapor pressure on the water surface and the atmospheric vapor pressure at a certain height above the water surface. Generally speaking, the greater the air density, the more water vapor molecules per unit volume, and the greater the vapor pressure; conversely, the smaller the vapor pressure. The greater the atmospheric vapor pressure, the smaller the vapor pressure difference between the water surface and the atmosphere, and the smaller the evaporation from the water surface, which is basically consistent with the effect of humidity changes on evaporation.

[0032] Wind speed: Wind can strengthen the convection and exchange between air, so that water vapor molecules above the water surface are constantly carried away, thereby ensuring that the evaporation surface and the air above always maintain a certain water vapor pressure difference, allowing evaporation to continue. Within a certain range, the greater the wind speed, the faster the air flows, the more conducive it is to the convection and exchange of water vapor in the air, thereby increasing the water vapor pressure difference at the water vapor interface, and the more conducive it is to the evaporation of the water surface. However, when the wind speed reaches a certain level, the evaporation of the water surface tends to stabilize, and the impact is relatively small at this time. At the same time, when cold air arrives, the increase in wind speed will not only not promote evaporation from the water surface, but on the contrary will reduce evaporation and even cause condensation.

[0033] Water surface area: The evaporation surface of a water body is the channel that water molecules must pass through when evaporating. Generally speaking, the larger the water surface area, the greater the evaporation amount and the faster the evaporation proceeds. For a local area, the larger the water surface area, the less likely the water vapor above it will be taken away from the water surface area. The more water vapor content above the water surface, the less conducive it is to the evaporation of the water surface.

[0034] Water depth: The depth of the water body also has a certain impact on the evaporation of the water surface. In general, the evaporation of shallow water in spring and summer is greater than that of deep water, while the opposite is true in autumn and winter. This is because if the water depth is shallow, the upper and lower parts of the water body are relatively easy to exchange and mix fully, and the temperature difference between the various parts of the water body is small and almost the same, and basically consistent with the temperature change, which has a more significant impact on the evaporation of the water surface. In spring and summer, the temperature is high, the water temperature is also high, and the evaporation of the water surface is large, while the evaporation of the water surface is small in autumn and winter. When the water depth is large and the water temperature changes between 0 and 4°C, the water body has the effect of "heat shrinkage and cold expansion", which causes convection between the upper and lower parts of the water body; when the water temperature exceeds 4°C, the convection stops. In addition, the greater the water depth, the greater the heat stored in the water body, which will play a certain role in regulating the water temperature, making the change of water surface evaporation over time appear relatively stable.

[0035] Water quality: Water surface evaporation is not only affected by the amount of water, but also by the water quality, that is, the amount of dissolved solutes in the water. Generally speaking, the greater the concentration of solutes in the water, the smaller the evaporation of the water body. For example, the evaporation of seawater is 2% to 3% less than that of fresh water. This is because the presence of solutes reduces the number of water molecules per unit water surface area, that is, in essence, it reduces the pure water surface evaporation area, thereby reducing the evaporation of the water body. The environmental factor K is calculated as follows: K=0.917-0.0158△T+0.0032e Where: △T is the difference between the temperature of this month and the temperature of last month e is the absolute humidity of this month Through experiments, we can get: Depend on Figure 3Analysis: The stronger the solar radiation, the greater the evaporation from the water surface. (Solar radiation increases the energy of water, making it easier for water to escape from the water surface). The larger the size of the evaporation dish, the smaller the measured evaporation.

[0036] Depend on Figure 4 Analysis: The greater the wind speed, the greater the evaporation from the water surface. (The greater the wind speed on the water surface, the more water vapor is carried away from the water surface, which is conducive to the escape of water molecules from the water surface).

[0037] Depend on Figure 5 Analysis: The higher the air humidity, the lower the evaporation from the water surface. (High air humidity means more water molecules in the air, which is not conducive to water molecules escaping from the water surface).

[0038] Depend on Figure 6 Analysis: The higher the temperature, the greater the evaporation from the water surface. (The higher the temperature, the faster the molecular movement speed, and the easier it is for water molecules to escape from the water surface).

[0039] Depend on Figure 7 Analysis: The higher the air pressure, the less evaporation from the water surface. (Increased air pressure suppresses water molecules from escaping from the water surface).

[0040] The analysis module establishes a feature analysis neural network model of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing and transmission module, and the analysis module performs feature analysis on the data through the feature analysis neural network model. The feature analysis neural network model first constructs the evaporation abnormal data in the data into an abnormal data set, performs data cleaning on the abnormal data set to obtain a processed abnormal data set, performs standardization conversion on the data of the processed abnormal data set to obtain a standard abnormal data set, constructs the input layer, hidden layer and output layer of the feature analysis neural network model according to the data type of the data, divides the standard abnormal data set into a training set, a validation set and a test set in a ratio of 7:2:1, the training set is used to train the feature analysis neural network model, the validation set is used to adjust the parameters of the feature analysis neural network model and monitor the performance of the feature analysis neural network model during the training process, the test set is used to evaluate the performance of the final feature analysis neural network model, the trained feature analysis neural network model is deployed to the analysis module, and the data is analyzed in real time by the trained feature analysis neural network model to obtain the current evaporation abnormal data. The data types of the data include air temperature and humidity coefficient, wind speed and direction coefficient, air pressure coefficient, water temperature coefficient and solar radiation coefficient.

[0041] In a possible embodiment, a local storage device is provided in the data transmission unit, and the data is stored and backed up by the local storage device and then transmitted to the analysis module through the data transmission unit. The analysis module is a server provided in the cloud.

[0042] Exemplarily, a local storage device is provided in the data transmission unit, and the data collected by the data collection unit is first backed up in the local storage device and then transmitted to the analysis module via a wireless network for analysis and calculation, thereby ensuring the security and reliability of the data and the traceability of the data.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system, comprising: The data sensing and transmission module collects the data of the evaporation of the measured water from the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module collects environmental data around the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module backs up the data and the environmental data and then transmits the data and the environmental data to the analysis module; The analysis module constructs an evaporation model of the evaporation module by calculating the evaporation amount.

[0044] In a possible embodiment, the data is data of the water volume in a standard evaporating dish, and the environmental data includes air temperature and humidity data, wind speed and direction data, air pressure data, water temperature data, and solar radiation data.

[0045] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system, characterized in that: include: A power supply module, an evaporation module, a data sensing transmission module, a water replenishment overflow module and an analysis module, wherein the evaporation module and the data sensing transmission module are powered by the power supply module, the data sensing transmission module is arranged on the evaporation module, the data sensing transmission module is used to collect data from the evaporation module, the data sensing transmission module is connected to the analysis module through a blockchain unit, the analysis module calculates the evaporation amount of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module, the analysis module establishes a feature analysis neural network model of the evaporation module according to the data collected by the data sensing transmission module, and the analysis module performs feature analysis on the data through the feature analysis neural network model.

2. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation module comprises a standard evaporation dish, a weighing unit, a weighing rainfall measuring unit, a water replenishment and drainage device and a level adjustment device.

3. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data sensing transmission module has a data transmission unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the data acquisition unit includes an air temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a water temperature measurement system, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a solar radiation sensor and an evaporation data monitoring device.

4. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A local storage device is provided in the data transmission unit, and the data is stored and backed up by the local storage device and then transmitted to the analysis module through the data transmission unit.

5. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analysis module calculates the evaporation amount of the evaporation module through the evaporation formula of water in the standard evaporation dish and the empirical formula of the environmental coefficient.

6. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis module is a server set up in the cloud.

7. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method, characterized in that: include: The data sensing and transmission module collects the data of the evaporation of the measured water from the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module collects environmental data around the evaporation module; The data sensing and transmission module backs up the data and the environmental data and then transmits the data and the environmental data to the analysis module; The analysis module constructs an evaporation model of the evaporation module by calculating the evaporation amount.

8. A weighing type water surface evaporation measurement and analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data are data of the water volume in a standard evaporating dish, and the environmental data include air temperature and humidity data, wind speed and direction data, air pressure data, water temperature data and solar radiation data.

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