Accumulation body risk assessment method and system based on seepage deformation mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seepage deformation and hydrodynamic erosion, and discloses an accumulation body risk assessment method and system based on a seepage deformation mechanism, and the method comprises the steps: measuring the loss of particles in an accumulation body and the seepage flow change through a slip band seepage erosion test, and constructing a hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model; carrying out numerical simulation through a particle discrete element and computational fluid dynamics method, and establishing a numerical calculation model of the typical landslide accumulation body; and analyzing seepage deformation of the accumulation body under the action of the variable water head, and evaluating the stability of the accumulation body. The method can solve the problem of risk assessment and management of the landslide accumulation body under the action of dynamic hydrodynamic load, especially how to effectively assess the stability of the accumulation body and take protective measures in time under complex hydrogeological conditions, so as to ensure the engineering safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seepage deformation and hydrodynamic erosion, and in particular to a method and system for risk assessment of an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The seepage deformation of landslide deposits under variable water head conditions is long-lasting, wide-ranging, and difficult to manage, presenting a new challenge in the field of hydrodynamic erosion safety. Researchers at home and abroad have employed numerical simulations and physical model experiments to investigate the mechanisms of seepage deformation under varying reservoir water levels. Numerical simulations can better capture the motion and microscopic contact characteristics of individual particles, thereby revealing the underlying mechanisms of erosion. Currently, the finite element method (FEM), the finite discrete element method (FDEM), and the discrete element-computational fluid dynamics (CFD-DEM) method are commonly used to develop hydrodynamic erosion models. Based on the concept of solute transport, the finite element method considers soil as a mixed medium consisting of a soil skeleton phase, a water phase, and a liquefied particle phase. This allows for the development of models tailored to varying rock content, enabling the characterization of typical soil-rock mixture structures for investigation. Fluid-structure interaction methods offer advantages in studying the mechanisms of hydrodynamic erosion at the mesoscale. Particle-scale fluid-structure interaction techniques can better capture the motion and microscopic contact characteristics of individual particles, thereby revealing the mesoscopic mechanisms of hydrodynamic erosion. An erosion equation was established that relates the weight percentage of fine particle loss to hydraulic gradient and time. A finite-difference model of the mobile fine particle loss process was constructed, and the erosion equation was modified to account for the effect of rock filling. This approach simulates the effects of rock content and fine particle loss on seepage deformation in hydrodynamically eroded deposits. Using the computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM), the microstructural characteristics of discontinuously graded particles under seepage, such as contact force chains and crack distribution, were simulated, providing a basis for evaluating seepage deformation in deposits. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a risk assessment method for accumulation bodies based on the seepage deformation mechanism, which can solve the risk assessment and management problems of landslide accumulation bodies under dynamic hydrodynamic loads, especially under complex hydrogeological conditions, how to effectively assess the stability of the accumulation body and take protective measures in time to ensure project safety.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for risk assessment of an accumulation body based on the seepage deformation mechanism, comprising: measuring the loss of particles and the change in seepage volume in the accumulation body through a sliding belt seepage erosion test, and constructing a hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model; performing numerical simulation through particle discrete element and computational fluid dynamics methods, and establishing a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation body; analyzing the seepage deformation of the accumulation body under the action of variable water head, and evaluating the stability of the accumulation body.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the accumulation body risk assessment method based on the seepage deformation mechanism described in the present invention, the sliding belt seepage erosion test includes measuring the curve of the permeability coefficient changing with time under different hydraulic gradient conditions to reveal the evolution of the seepage state during the seepage erosion process.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the accumulation body risk assessment method based on the seepage deformation mechanism described in the present invention, the sliding belt seepage erosion test also includes analyzing the influence of hydraulic gradient changes on seepage erosion, determining the critical hydraulic gradient under different experimental conditions, and determining the influence mechanism of hydraulic gradient on the pore structure and erosion amount of the accumulation body.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the risk assessment method for an accumulation body based on the seepage deformation mechanism described in the present invention, the construction of a hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model includes, based on the migration and loss of fine particles in the accumulation body skeleton and the particle redistribution process, and the evolution law of the seepage erosion area, constructing an evolutionary constitutive model of the fine particle loss process under the hydraulic coupling effect and the seepage erosion effect, and describing the fine particle loss process under different hydraulic paths;

[0009] The improved Navier-Stokes equation is introduced to describe the interaction between particles moving in a fluid. On this basis, the particle momentum loss term is used to simulate the collision and friction between particles:

[0010]

[0011] Where v is the velocity of the particle, u is the velocity of the fluid, p is the pressure, α is the interaction coefficient between the particle and the fluid, and ζ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the accumulation risk assessment method based on the seepage deformation mechanism described in the present invention, the numerical simulation includes considering the interaction between particles and pore water in the seepage erosion process, the relationship between the interaction between microscopic particles and macroscopic engineering seepage deformation, and proposing a fluid-solid coupling calculation method based on discrete elements and computational fluid dynamics to simulate the mechanical behavior of the initiation of seepage erosion and the migration of internal fine particles under different hydraulic gradients.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the risk assessment method for an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism described in the present invention, the method of establishing a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation body includes: establishing a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation body based on geological data, using a discrete element-computational fluid dynamics coupling method to simulate and analyze the seepage deformation of the accumulation body under variable head conditions, and evaluating the response under dynamic hydrodynamic loads. During the simulation analysis, attention is paid to the displacement of the accumulation body, the amount of erosion of fine particles, and the contact stress ratio, and the potential instability mode of the accumulation body is determined;

[0014] A coupled framework is constructed to dynamically transmit the interaction information between particles and fluid. The particle discrete element method is used to describe the motion of particles, and the forces acting on particles are calculated using the following equation:

[0015] F total =F g +F contact +F fl

[0016] Among them, F g is gravity, F contact is the contact force between particles, F fl It represents the resistance of the fluid to the particles;

[0017] The improved Navier-Stokes equations are used to update the fluid state at each time step. The dynamic characteristics of the fluid are updated by coupling with the particle motion. In each time step, the position, velocity and force of the particles are updated. The dynamic calculation of the influence of fluid forces on the particles is based on the instantaneous flow field, where the flow field is given by the fluid dynamics model.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the risk assessment method for a deposit based on the seepage deformation mechanism of the present invention, the stability evaluation includes determining whether the deposit is damaged based on the displacement of the deposit under the action of variable water head, the amount of erosion by fine particles, and the contact stress ratio, and re-evaluating the stability of a typical deposit.

[0019] Record the displacement of the deposit, interlayer contact stress, and dynamic parameters of fine particle loss, calculate the corresponding indicators, apply machine learning models to analyze the output data, identify potential instability modes through feature extraction methods, and establish mathematical models related to stability:

[0020] S=k1D+k2E p +k3C s

[0021] Among them, S is the stability index, D is the displacement of the accumulation body, E p is the potential destructive energy, C s is the contact stress ratio, k1, k2, k3 are correlation coefficients;

[0022] According to the stability indicators evaluated by the model output, the risk level of the landslide accumulation body is divided into:

[0023] Low risk means that the displacement is less than the threshold, the stress ratio is lower than 1.0, and the fine particle loss rate is within the acceptable range;

[0024] Medium risk is when the displacement reaches a critical threshold, the stress ratio is between 1.0 and 1.5, and the loss of fine particles begins to increase;

[0025] High risk means the displacement exceeds the threshold, the stress ratio exceeds 1.5, and the loss of fine particles is significant, which may lead to instability;

[0026] Combining model results and risk assessment, drainage systems are improved, pore water pressure in the accumulation body is reduced, hydrodynamic impacts are mitigated, and reinforcement measures are taken in high-risk areas.

[0027] Another object of the present invention is to provide a risk assessment system for an accumulation body based on the seepage deformation mechanism;

[0028] As a preferred solution of the accumulation body risk assessment system based on the seepage deformation mechanism of the present invention, it includes: a seepage erosion experiment module, a numerical simulation module, a stability evaluation module, a risk assessment and optimization module, and a data management and visualization module;

[0029] The seepage erosion test module conducts a sliding belt seepage erosion test, measures the loss of particles in the accumulation body and the change in seepage volume, and records the curve of the permeability coefficient changing with time under different hydraulic gradient conditions;

[0030] The numerical simulation module performs numerical simulation on the accumulation body based on the discrete element and computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD) method, and generates the force, displacement and flow state data of the accumulation body in real time, providing a basis for stability evaluation;

[0031] The stability evaluation module determines whether the accumulation body has the risk of instability based on the displacement under the influence of variable water head, the amount of erosion of fine particles, and the contact stress ratio. It provides clear stability evaluation results and risk level classification, providing a basis for subsequent decision-making;

[0032] The risk assessment and optimization module, combined with the stability evaluation results, classifies the risk level of the landslide accumulation body and proposes targeted prevention and control measures, providing specific optimization suggestions for engineering decision-making and improving the safety of the accumulation body;

[0033] The data management and visualization module manages the experimental data and simulation results in a unified manner, and provides a user-friendly visualization interface, so that users can intuitively view the dynamic changes of the accumulation body and the risk assessment results.

[0034] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a method for risk assessment of a deposit based on a seepage deformation mechanism.

[0035] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of a method for risk assessment of a deposit based on a permeability deformation mechanism.

[0036] The present invention provides the following benefits: A systematic approach to landslide risk assessment effectively identifies potential destabilizing factors and reduces the risk of landslides. It provides a scientific basis based on data analysis and simulation, enabling engineers and managers to quickly make effective decisions on protective measures. Real-time data tracking and evaluation provide timely insights into changes in the accumulation, facilitating the implementation of timely measures. Risk assessment results are combined with optimized design plans to enhance the project's resilience to natural disasters and ensure the reliability and safety of infrastructure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive efforts. Among them:

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for risk assessment of an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 A fine particle loss rate mechanism of a deposit risk assessment method based on a seepage deformation mechanism is provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 A CFD-DEM coupling flow chart of a risk assessment method for an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 A calculation model for hydrodynamic erosion of an accumulation body is provided for an accumulation body risk assessment method based on a seepage deformation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a trend of stress ratio variation of an accumulation body in a method for risk assessment of an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6A schematic diagram of the working modules of a risk assessment system for an accumulation body based on a seepage deformation mechanism provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0047] The present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. For ease of illustration, cross-sectional views of device structures may be partially enlarged and not to scale when describing embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely illustrative and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0048] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner, and outer" and other references to orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections. They may also refer to mechanical, electrical, or direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure.

[0050] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a risk assessment method for a pile based on a seepage deformation mechanism, comprising:

[0051] S1: The loss of particles and the change of seepage volume in the accumulation body are measured through the sliding belt seepage erosion test, and a hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model is constructed.

[0052] Furthermore, the time-varying curves of the permeability coefficient under different hydraulic gradient conditions were measured to reveal the evolution of the seepage state during the seepage erosion process. By analyzing the impact of hydraulic gradient changes on seepage erosion, the critical hydraulic gradient under different experimental conditions was determined, and the mechanism of the influence of hydraulic gradient on the pore structure and erosion rate of the deposit was determined.

[0053] It should be noted that based on the migration and loss of fine particles in the skeleton and the particle redistribution process, as well as the regional evolution law of seepage erosion, an evolutionary constitutive model of fine particle loss process under the hydraulic coupling effect and seepage erosion effect is constructed to describe the fine particle loss process under different hydraulic paths;

[0054] The improved Navier-Stokes equation is introduced to describe the interaction between particles moving in a fluid. On this basis, the particle momentum loss term is used to simulate the collision and friction between particles:

[0055]

[0056] Where v is the velocity of the particle, u is the velocity of the fluid, p is the pressure, α is the interaction coefficient between the particle and the fluid, ζ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid, and ρ is the density of the fluid.

[0057] S2: Numerical simulation is performed using particle discrete element and computational fluid dynamics methods to establish a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation.

[0058] Furthermore, considering the interaction between particles and pore water in the seepage erosion process, and the relationship between the interaction between microscopic particles and macroscopic engineering seepage deformation, a fluid-solid coupling calculation method based on discrete element and computational fluid dynamics is proposed to simulate the mechanical behavior of seepage erosion initiation and internal fine particle migration under different hydraulic gradients.

[0059] It should be noted that the coupled framework is constructed to dynamically transmit the interaction information between particles and fluids. The particle discrete element method is used to describe the motion of particles, and the forces acting on particles are calculated using the following equation:

[0060] F total =F g +F contact +F fl

[0061]

[0062] Among them, F g is gravity, F contact is the contact force between particles, F fl represents the resistance of the fluid to the particles, C d is the drag coefficient, A is the frontal area of ​​the particle;

[0063] The improved Navier-Stokes equations are used to update the fluid state at each time step. The dynamic characteristics of the fluid are updated by coupling with the particle motion. In each time step, the position, velocity and force of the particles are updated. The dynamic calculation of the influence of fluid forces on the particles is based on the instantaneous flow field, where the flow field is given by the fluid dynamics model.

[0064] Furthermore, there are seven accumulation bodies distributed upstream and downstream of the Suofengying Hydropower Station. Among them, accumulation bodies III and IV are relatively close to the dam site and are at risk of instability under the action of hydrodynamic erosion. Based on geological data, a numerical calculation model of typical landslide accumulation bodies is established that can express the real topography and geological conditions.

[0065] It should be noted that the geometric model of the accumulation is established using computer-aided design (CAD) software or finite element modeling tools (such as ANSYS and Abaqus). The model includes the actual shape of the accumulation, its hierarchical structure, and its relationship to the surrounding environment. In numerical calculation software, the accumulation is meshed using finite elements. A fine mesh improves computational accuracy and ensures that details of fine particle loss and pore water flow are captured.

[0066] Appropriate boundary conditions are imposed on the landslide surface. Free drainage conditions can be used to simulate the flow state of groundwater, and a constant head can be applied to one side of the accumulation body to simulate the water inflow.

[0067] A coupled water flow and particle dynamics model is established to generate the corresponding equations. The improved Darcy law is used to represent the flow of water in porous media and then the pore water flow is calculated:

[0068]

[0069] Where q is the flow rate, k is the permeability coefficient, Δh is the head change, and L is the flow path;

[0070] The particle motion equation is established according to Newton's second law:

[0071]

[0072] Where m is the particle mass. The equations listed above are solved step by step through the time-stepping method to calculate the particle position, velocity, and fluid flow state at each time step, and record the important output parameters.

[0073] S3: Analyze the seepage deformation of the accumulation body under the action of variable water head and evaluate the stability of the accumulation body.

[0074] Furthermore, the displacement of the deposit under the action of variable water head, the amount of erosion of fine particles, and the contact stress ratio are used to determine whether the deposit is destroyed, and the stability of typical deposits is re-evaluated;

[0075] Record the displacement of the deposit, interlayer contact stress, and dynamic parameters of fine particle loss, calculate the corresponding indicators, apply machine learning models to analyze the output data, identify potential instability modes through feature extraction methods, and establish mathematical models related to stability:

[0076] S=k1D+k2E p +k3C S

[0077] Among them, S is the stability index, D is the displacement of the accumulation body, E p is the potential destructive energy, C s is the contact stress ratio, k1, k2, k3 are correlation coefficients;

[0078] It should be noted that the risk level of landslide accumulation is divided according to the stability index evaluated by the model output:

[0079] Low risk means that the displacement is less than the threshold, the stress ratio is lower than 1.0, and the fine particle loss rate is within the acceptable range;

[0080] Medium risk is when the displacement reaches a critical threshold, the stress ratio is between 1.0 and 1.5, and the loss of fine particles begins to increase;

[0081] High risk means the displacement exceeds the threshold, the stress ratio exceeds 1.5, and the loss of fine particles is significant, which may lead to instability;

[0082] When the model indicates potential risks, appropriate monitoring and maintenance measures are developed, including increased monitoring frequency in key areas, particularly those experiencing significant particle loss and displacement changes, to ensure timely capture of changes. On-site soil sampling and analysis are conducted to update model parameters and soil physical properties to maintain model accuracy.

[0083] Combining model results with risk assessments, drainage systems are improved to reduce pore water pressure in the accumulation and mitigate hydrodynamic impacts. Reinforcement measures, such as revegetation, rock anchoring, or retaining walls, are implemented in high-risk areas to enhance stability.

[0084] Example 2, reference Figure 2- Figure 5 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a risk assessment method for a pile based on the seepage deformation mechanism. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through experiments.

[0085] (1) Sliding belt penetration erosion test

[0086] Under the action of hydraulic pressure, fine particles in soil-rock mixed deposits migrate and lose, leading to particle redistribution, causing changes in the internal structure of the deposit, resulting in reduced stability and even instability and sliding. A model test of seepage erosion in sliding belts was conducted to measure changes in the mass of seepage erosion particles and the amount of seepage. The time-varying curves of the permeability coefficient in various time periods under different hydraulic gradient test conditions were studied to reveal the evolution of the seepage state during the seepage erosion process. The influence of hydraulic gradient changes on seepage erosion was studied, and the critical hydraulic gradient under different test conditions was determined. The mechanism of hydraulic gradient control on pore structure and erosion volume was revealed. The hydraulic conditions for initiating seepage erosion in sliding belt soils were proposed, revealing the seepage deformation mechanism.

[0087] (2) Hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model

[0088] Based on the migration and loss of fine particles in the skeleton and the particle redistribution process, and the regional evolution law of seepage erosion, an evolutionary constitutive model of fine particle loss process considering hydraulic coupling effect and seepage erosion effect is constructed to describe the fine particle loss process under various hydraulic paths, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0089] (3) Research on numerical calculation methods for coupling particle discrete element and computational fluid dynamics

[0090] Considering the interaction between particles and pore water in the process of seepage erosion, the relationship between the interaction between microscopic particles and macroscopic engineering seepage deformation, a fluid-solid coupling calculation method based on discrete element and computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD) is proposed to simulate the mechanical behaviors of seepage erosion initiation and internal fine particle migration under different hydraulic gradients. Figure 3 shown.

[0091] (3) Numerical calculation model of typical landslide deposits

[0092] There are seven accumulation bodies distributed upstream and downstream of the Suofengying Hydropower Station. Among them, accumulation bodies III and IV are relatively close to the dam site and are at risk of instability under the action of hydrodynamic erosion. Based on geological data, a numerical calculation model of typical landslide accumulation bodies was established that can express the actual topography and geological conditions.

[0093] (4) Numerical simulation analysis of landslide accumulation under variable head hydrodynamic load

[0094] Based on the numerical calculation model of the typical landslide accumulation body of Suofengying Hydropower Station, the discrete element-computational fluid dynamics coupling method is used to carry out the simulation analysis of the seepage deformation of the accumulation body under the action of variable water head. Figure 4 shown.

[0095] (5) Potential seepage deformation instability mode and stability evaluation of landslide deposits

[0096] The displacement of the accumulation body under the action of variable water head, the amount of erosion of fine particles, and the contact stress ratio are used to judge whether the accumulation body is destroyed, and the stability of the typical accumulation body is re-evaluated, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0097] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0098] Embodiment 3, the third embodiment of the present invention, is different from the first two embodiments in that:

[0099] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0100] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0101] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0102] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0103] Example 4, reference Figure 6 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a risk assessment system for a pile based on a seepage deformation mechanism, characterized by comprising: a seepage erosion experiment module 1, a numerical simulation module 2, a stability evaluation module 3, a risk assessment and optimization module 4, and a data management and visualization module 5;

[0104] Infiltration erosion experiment module 1, a sliding belt erosion test is conducted to measure the loss of particles and the change in seepage volume in the accumulation body, and record the curve of the permeability coefficient changing with time under different hydraulic gradient conditions;

[0105] Numerical simulation module 2, based on the discrete element method and computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD) method, performs numerical simulation of the accumulation body, and generates real-time data on the force, displacement and flow state of the accumulation body, providing a basis for stability evaluation;

[0106] Stability evaluation module 3 determines whether the accumulation body is at risk of instability based on the displacement under the influence of variable water head, the amount of erosion caused by fine particles, and the contact stress ratio. It provides clear stability evaluation results and risk level classification, providing a basis for subsequent decision-making;

[0107] Risk Assessment and Optimization Module 4, based on the stability assessment results, classifies the risk level of the landslide accumulation and proposes targeted prevention and control measures, providing specific optimization suggestions for engineering decision-making and improving the safety of the accumulation;

[0108] The data management and visualization module 5 manages the experimental data and simulation results in a unified manner and provides a user-friendly visualization interface, enabling users to intuitively view the dynamic changes of the accumulation body and the risk assessment results.

[0109] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A risk assessment method for deposits based on the seepage deformation mechanism, characterized by: include, The loss of particles and the change of seepage volume in the accumulation body were measured through the sliding belt seepage erosion test, and the hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model was constructed. Through the use of particle discrete element and computational fluid dynamics methods to carry out numerical simulation, a numerical calculation model of typical landslide accumulation is established; The seepage deformation of the deposit under the action of variable water head is analyzed, and the stability of the deposit is evaluated.

2. The risk assessment method for a deposit based on a permeability deformation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding belt seepage erosion test includes measuring the curve of the permeability coefficient changing with time under different hydraulic gradient conditions to reveal the evolution of the seepage state during the seepage erosion process.

3. The risk assessment method for a deposit based on a permeability deformation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding belt seepage erosion test also includes determining the critical hydraulic gradient under different experimental conditions by analyzing the effect of hydraulic gradient changes on seepage erosion, and determining the mechanism of the effect of hydraulic gradient on the pore structure and erosion amount of the deposit.

4. The risk assessment method for a deposit based on a seepage deformation mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The construction of the hydrodynamic erosion constitutive model includes, based on the migration and loss of fine particles in the skeleton of the accumulation body and the particle redistribution process, and the regional evolution law of the seepage erosion, constructing an evolutionary constitutive model of the fine particle loss process under the hydraulic coupling effect and the seepage erosion effect, and describing the fine particle loss process under different hydraulic paths; The improved Navier-Stokes equation is introduced to describe the interaction between particles when they move in the fluid. On this basis, the collision and friction between particles are simulated by the particle momentum loss term: Among them, v is the velocity of the particle, u is the fluid velocity, p is the pressure, α is the interaction coefficient between the particle and the fluid, and ζ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.

5. The risk assessment method for deposits based on the seepage deformation mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The numerical simulation includes considering the interaction between particles and pore water in the seepage erosion process, the relationship between the interaction between microscopic particles and macroscopic engineering seepage deformation, and proposing a fluid-solid coupling calculation method based on discrete element and computational fluid dynamics to simulate the mechanical behavior of the initiation of seepage erosion and the migration of internal fine particles under different hydraulic gradients.

6. The risk assessment method for a deposit based on a seepage deformation mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The establishment of a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation body includes: establishing a numerical calculation model of a typical landslide accumulation body according to geological data, using a discrete element-computational fluid dynamics coupling method to simulate and analyze the seepage deformation of the accumulation body under variable water head conditions, and evaluating the response under dynamic hydrodynamic loads, wherein in the simulation analysis process, attention is paid to the displacement of the accumulation body, the erosion amount of fine particles and the contact stress ratio, and the potential instability mode of the accumulation body is determined; A coupled framework is constructed to dynamically transmit the interaction information between particles and fluids. The particle discrete element method is used to describe the movement of particles, and the particle force is calculated by the following equation: F total =F g +F conract +F fl Among them, F g is gravity, F contact is the contact force between particles, F fl It represents the resistance of the fluid to the particles; The improved Navier-Stokes equations are used to update the fluid state at each time step. The dynamic characteristics of the fluid are updated by coupling with the particle motion. In each time step, the position, velocity and force of the particles are updated. The dynamic calculation of the influence of fluid forces on the particles is based on the instantaneous flow field, where the flow field is given by the fluid dynamics model.

7. The risk assessment method for a deposit based on a seepage deformation mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stability evaluation includes judging whether the deposit is damaged according to the displacement of the deposit under the action of variable water head, the amount of erosion of fine particles, and the contact stress ratio, and re-evaluating the stability of the typical deposit; Record the displacement of the deposit, interlayer contact stress, and dynamic parameters of fine particle loss, calculate the corresponding indicators, apply machine learning models to analyze the output data, identify potential instability modes through feature extraction methods, and establish mathematical models related to stability: S=k1D+k2E p +k3C s Among them, S is the stability index, D is the displacement of the accumulation body, and E p is the potential destructive energy, C s is the contact stress ratio, k1, k2, k3 are correlation coefficients; According to the stability index evaluated by the model output, the risk level of landslide accumulation is divided into: Low risk means that the displacement is less than the threshold, the stress ratio is lower than 1.0, and the fine particle loss rate is within the acceptable range; Medium risk means that the displacement reaches the critical threshold, the stress ratio is between 1.0 and 1.5, and the loss of fine particles begins to increase; High risk means that the displacement exceeds the threshold, the stress ratio exceeds 1.5, and the loss of fine particles is significant, which may lead to instability; Combining model results with risk assessment, drainage systems are improved, pore water pressure in deposits is reduced, hydrodynamic impacts are mitigated, and reinforcement measures are taken for high-risk areas.

8. A system using the risk assessment method for a deposit based on a seepage deformation mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes penetration and erosion experiment module, numerical simulation module, stability evaluation module, risk assessment and optimization module, and data management and visualization module; The seepage erosion test module conducts a sliding belt seepage erosion test, measures the loss of particles in the accumulation body and the change in seepage volume, and records the curve of the permeability coefficient changing with time under different hydraulic gradient conditions; The numerical simulation module performs numerical simulation on the deposit based on the discrete element and computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD) method, and generates the force, displacement and flow state data of the deposit in real time, providing a basis for stability evaluation; The stability evaluation module determines whether the accumulation body has the risk of instability based on the displacement under the influence of variable water head, the amount of erosion of fine particles and the contact stress ratio, and provides clear stability evaluation results and risk level classification to provide a basis for subsequent decision-making; The risk assessment and optimization module, combined with the stability evaluation results, divides the risk level of the landslide accumulation body and proposes targeted prevention and control measures, providing specific optimization suggestions for engineering decision-making and improving the safety of the accumulation body; The data management and visualization module manages the experimental data and simulation results in a unified manner, and provides a user-friendly visualization interface, so that users can intuitively view the dynamic changes of the accumulation body and the risk assessment results.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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