Microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, optimization method thereof and radio frequency front-end module

Abstract

The invention provides a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, an optimization method thereof and a radio frequency front-end module, and the optimization method comprises the steps: carrying out the parameterization of a structure parameter of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, and obtaining parameter data; performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data to obtain a first function value; judging whether the first function value accords with a preset function value or not; if yes, outputting structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to the parameter data; and if the parameter data does not conform to the preset function value, substituting the parameter data into a genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value conforming to the preset function value is obtained, and outputting structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value. According to the optimization method, automatic optimization of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector is realized, the design efficiency can be improved, the consumed time is short, the design process can be simplified, and the flexibility during adjustment is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector and an optimization method thereof, and a radio frequency front-end module. Background Art

[0002] The RF front-end transmitting module is the core part of modern communication systems. Its performance directly determines the communication quality. With the technological development of 5G and future 6G, the performance requirements for the RF front-end will become increasingly higher, mainly including higher frequencies, wider bandwidths and lower power consumption.

[0003] As a key component in the RF front-end transmitting module, the design efficiency and performance of the microstrip connector directly affect the performance of the entire communication system.

[0004] In the prior art, the design of microstrip connectors mainly relies on experience and manual adjustment. This manual design method is difficult to automate, which limits the batch and standardization of the design process. Manual design often relies on the selection of initial design parameters, which may cause the design results to fall into the local optimal solution rather than the global optimal solution. In addition, for microstrip fan-shaped branch connectors, there are many operating frequencies and design parameters. It is difficult for manual design methods to optimize so many parameters, and manual design often makes it difficult to conduct comprehensive tolerance analysis, which may lead to performance fluctuations and reliability problems in the final product.

[0005] In summary, the manual design of microstrip connectors in the prior art is not only inefficient and time-consuming, but also has a complex design process and low flexibility during adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector and its optimization method and radio frequency front-end module to solve the problems of low efficiency, long time consumption, complex design process and low flexibility in adjustment in the manual design of microstrip connectors in the prior art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, based on a genetic algorithm, comprising the following steps: The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are parameterized to obtain parameter data; the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector include the width of the microstrip transmission line, the length of the microstrip transmission line, the opening width of the fan-shaped branch line, the depth of the fan-shaped branch line embedded in the microstrip transmission line, the radius of the fan-shaped branch line, and the curvature of the fan-shaped branch line; Performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data to obtain a first function value including a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient; Determine whether the first function value meets the preset function value including the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient: If it is in compliance, then the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data; If it does not meet the requirements, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value.

[0008] Preferably, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, which includes the following sub-steps: Bringing the parameter data into the genetic algorithm for updating to obtain updated data; Performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the updated data to obtain a second function value; Determine whether the second function value meets the preset function value: If yes, then determining the second function value as the final function value; If not, some individuals in the population in the last round of updated data are eliminated, and then a new round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation is performed on the remaining individuals in the population in the last round of updated data until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained.

[0009] Preferably, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for updating, and obtaining the updated data comprises the following sub-steps: Establishing a population based on the parameter data; The individuals of the population are selected, mutated and crossovered in sequence to obtain the updated data.

[0010] Preferably, the step of determining whether the first function value conforms to a preset function value including a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient comprises the following sub-steps: Set the function difference range; Calculating a calculated difference between the first function value and the preset function value; It is determined whether the calculated difference is within the function difference range.

[0011] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, comprising a substrate and a microstrip transmission line and a fan-shaped branch line extending from the microstrip transmission line respectively arranged on the substrate. The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are obtained by the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector as described above.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a radio frequency front-end module, comprising the microstrip line fan-out branch connector as described above.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in the present invention sequentially parameterizes the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, performs electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data, and determines whether the first function value meets the preset function value: if it meets, the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data; if it does not meet, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value, thereby realizing the automatic optimization of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, which not only improves the design efficiency of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, but also saves time, simplifies the design process, and has higher flexibility during adjustment. In addition, for small-sized microstrip line fan-shaped branch connectors, it is also convenient to control the later processing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The above and other aspects of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made in conjunction with the following drawings. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A flow chart of the overall steps of a method for optimizing a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microstrip transmission line and a fan-shaped branch line in a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart briefly describing a method for optimizing a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A comparison diagram of reflection coefficient simulation of a manually optimized microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector and a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector using the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The transmission coefficient simulation comparison diagram of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector is manually optimized and the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector using the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present application; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0016] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, combining Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. quantifying the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector to obtain parameter data.

[0019] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100 includes a substrate 1, a microstrip transmission line 2 and a fan-shaped branch line 3, the substrate length X is 63.86mm, the width Y is 24.56m, and the height Z is 2mm; Figure 3 As shown, the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100 include the width of the microstrip transmission line 2 being W, the length of the microstrip transmission line 2 being L, the opening width of the fan-shaped branch line 3 being Wb, the depth of the fan-shaped branch line 3 embedded in the microstrip transmission line 2 being Ss, the radius of the fan-shaped branch line 3 being Rs, and the curvature of the fan-shaped branch line 3 being α.

[0020] The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector include the width of the microstrip transmission line, the length of the microstrip transmission line, the opening width of the fan-shaped branch line, the depth of the fan-shaped branch line embedded in the microstrip transmission line, the radius of the fan-shaped branch line and the curvature of the fan-shaped branch line.

[0021] S2. Perform electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data to obtain a first function value including a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient.

[0022] Among them, the transmission coefficient is also called the transmission coefficient S (2, 1), and the reflection coefficient is also called the reflection coefficient S (1, 1).

[0023] S3. Determine whether the first function value meets the preset function value including the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient: S31. If it is in compliance, output the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to the parameter data.

[0024] S32. If it does not meet the requirements, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value.

[0025] Among them, the final function value also includes the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient.

[0026] In step S32, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, which includes the following sub-steps: S321, bringing the parameter data into the genetic algorithm for updating to obtain updated data.

[0027] The update data includes population individuals, that is, the population includes multiple individuals.

[0028] S322, performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the updated data to obtain a second function value.

[0029] The second function value also includes a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient.

[0030] S323: Determine whether the second function value meets the preset function value: S3231. If it is met, determine the second function value as the final function value.

[0031] S3232. If not, some individuals in the population in the last round of updated data are eliminated, and then a new round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation is performed on the remaining individuals in the population in the last round of updated data until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained.

[0032] Updating is to update the parameter data, and the updated data obtained belongs to the new parameter data. When the updated data is subjected to electromagnetic full-wave simulation, the second function value can be obtained. If the first round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation does not meet the preset function value, the second round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation, the third round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation, and the fourth round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation are performed, until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the optimization can be terminated.

[0033] The electromagnetic full-wave simulation in step S322 is the same as or similar to the electromagnetic full-wave simulation in step S2, and does not belong to the content of the genetic algorithm. It is equivalent to that the electromagnetic full-wave simulation in step S322 is performed outside the genetic algorithm, while steps S321 and S323 belong to the content of the genetic algorithm.

[0034] This is equivalent to judging whether each round of function values ​​calculated by the genetic algorithm meets the preset function value. If not, a new round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation will continue. That is, if it does not meet the requirements, some individuals of the population in the previous round of updated data will be eliminated, and then the remaining individuals of the population in the updated data will be subjected to a new round of updating of some individuals of the population in the updated data until the new function value meets the preset function value, and then the optimization is terminated.

[0035] Some individuals of the eliminated population are individuals with poor performance, that is, they are eliminated through selection in the following step S3212.

[0036] In step S321, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for updating, and obtaining the updated data includes the following sub-steps: S3211, establishing a population according to the parameter data; S3212. Select, mutate and crossover the individuals of the population in sequence to obtain the updated data.

[0037] Correspondingly, in the above step S3232, a new round of updates to the remaining individuals in the population in the previous round of updated data is performed using the above steps S3211 to S3212, but the function value obtained is a new function value and includes the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient, not the second function value.

[0038] In the step S3, the step of judging whether the first function value meets the preset function value including the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient includes the following sub-steps: S301, setting the function difference range.

[0039] The function difference range is an integrated measurement range of the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient, and is also a standard for determining the frequency tuning and impedance matching of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector. The function difference range is determined according to actual needs.

[0040] S302: Calculate a difference between the first function value and the preset function value.

[0041] S303: Determine whether the calculated difference is within the function difference range.

[0042] That is, before judging, the function difference range is first determined, and then the calculated difference between the first function value and the preset function value is calculated. Finally, it can be determined whether the calculated difference is within the function difference range; if it is, it is equivalent to that the first function value meets the preset function value, and if not, it is equivalent to that the first function value does not meet the preset function value.

[0043] Correspondingly, in S322, the method for determining whether the second function value conforms to the final function value of the preset function value also adopts the above-mentioned steps S301-S303, and the method for determining whether each round of function values ​​calculated by the genetic algorithm conforms to the preset function value also adopts the above-mentioned steps S301-S303.

[0044] Of course, according to actual needs, the preset function value may be directly set to a range, and then it is directly determined whether the function value obtained through electromagnetic full-wave simulation is within the range of the preset function value.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in this embodiment is briefly described as follows: first, the microstrip connector structure parameters are quantified, and the structural parameters include W, L, Wb, Ss, Rs, and α; electromagnetic full-wave simulation; calculating the adaptive function value; convergence, that is, judging whether the adaptive function value meets the preset function value: if so, outputting the optimal electromagnetic response and the corresponding structural parameters, that is, outputting the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector; if not, selecting, mutating, and crossing the adaptive function value in turn; performing GA update to obtain new structural parameter data; electromagnetic full-wave simulation, and inputting the result into G A calculates the fitness function value; compares the fitness function value with the objective function, including S11 and S21, namely the above-mentioned reflection coefficient S (1, 1) and transmission coefficient S (2, 1); convergence: if yes, output the optimal electromagnetic response and corresponding structural parameters; if not, eliminate the individuals with poor performance, and then perform a new round of selection, mutation and crossover on the remaining individuals in turn, GA updates to obtain new structural parameter data, electromagnetic full-wave simulation, and input the results into GA to calculate the fitness function value until the final fitness function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and then output the optimal electromagnetic response and corresponding structural parameters.

[0046] The microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in this embodiment increases the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector by incorporating parameters such as the width of the microstrip transmission line, the length of the microstrip transmission line, the opening width of the fan-shaped branch line, the depth of the fan-shaped branch line embedded in the microstrip transmission line, the radius of the fan-shaped branch line, and the curvature of the fan-shaped branch line into the optimization method, thereby improving the continuity of the frequency tuning and impedance matching of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector; there are different odd and even modes in the air base cross-section, so the two modes correspond to different phase velocities, which affects the directionality of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector.

[0047] As a global optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA) can handle large-scale optimization problems and obtain global optimization solutions; genetic algorithm can be combined with simulation to realize automated design and improve design efficiency; genetic algorithm can process multiple solutions at the same time and evaluate multiple solutions in the search space; genetic algorithm can be combined with tolerance analysis to find the most robust design parameters through optimization algorithm; genetic algorithm can use dynamic adaptive technology to automatically adjust algorithm control parameters and encoding accuracy during the evolution process; and through the cyclic optimization of genetic algorithm, the energy transmission between the first interface and the second structure of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector can be smoother, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the GA optimization adopts the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector of the embodiment of the present invention; in addition, the impedance transformation can be adjusted, and the real microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector better matches the 50Ω port impedance.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in this embodiment sequentially parameterizes the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, performs electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data, and determines whether the first function value meets the preset function value: if it meets, the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data; if it does not meet, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value, thereby realizing the automatic optimization of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, which not only improves the design efficiency of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, but also saves time, simplifies the design process, and has higher flexibility during adjustment, which can reduce dependence on manual experience and speed up the design cycle. At the same time, when it is applied to the RF front-end module, it can also improve the performance of the RF front-end module. In addition, for small-sized microstrip line fan-shaped branch connectors, it is also convenient to control the later processing costs.

[0049] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100, combined with Figures 2 to 3As shown, it includes a substrate 1, a microstrip transmission line 2 and a fan-shaped branch line 3 extending from the microstrip transmission line 2, respectively arranged on the substrate. The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100 are obtained by the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0050] Since the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100 in this embodiment are obtained through the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, it can also achieve the technical effect achieved by the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] Embodiment 3 This embodiment provides a radio frequency front-end module, which includes the microstrip line fan-out branch connector 100 in the above-mentioned second embodiment.

[0052] Since the RF front-end module in this embodiment includes the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment 2, it can also achieve the technical effect achieved by the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector in the above-mentioned embodiment 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] It should be noted that the various embodiments described above with reference to the accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modification or equivalent substitution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise indicated by the context, words appearing in the singular include the plural form, and vice versa. In addition, unless otherwise specified, all or part of any embodiment may be used in combination with all or part of any other embodiment.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing a microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, characterized in that: The optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector is based on a genetic algorithm and comprises the following steps: The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are parameterized to obtain parameter data; the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector include the width of the microstrip transmission line, the length of the microstrip transmission line, the opening width of the fan-shaped branch line, the depth of the fan-shaped branch line embedded in the microstrip transmission line, the radius of the fan-shaped branch line, and the curvature of the fan-shaped branch line; Performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the parameter data to obtain a first function value including a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient; Determine whether the first function value meets the preset function value including the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient: If it is in compliance, then the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data; If it does not meet the requirements, the parameter data is brought into the genetic algorithm for repeated updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained, and the structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are output according to the parameter data corresponding to the final function value.

2. The method for optimizing the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bringing the parameter data into the genetic algorithm to repeatedly update and simulate the electromagnetic full wave until a final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained includes the following sub-steps: Bringing the parameter data into the genetic algorithm for updating to obtain updated data; Performing electromagnetic full-wave simulation on the updated data to obtain a second function value; Determine whether the second function value meets the preset function value: If yes, then determining the second function value as the final function value; If not, some individuals in the population in the last round of updated data are eliminated, and then a new round of updating and electromagnetic full-wave simulation is performed on the remaining individuals in the population in the last round of updated data until the final function value that meets the preset function value is obtained.

3. The method for optimizing the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: Bringing the parameter data into the genetic algorithm for updating, and obtaining the updated data comprises the following sub-steps: Establishing a population based on the parameter data; The individuals of the population are selected, mutated and crossovered in sequence to obtain the updated data.

4. The method for optimizing the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining whether the first function value meets a preset function value including a transmission coefficient and a reflection coefficient comprises the following sub-steps: Set the function difference range; Calculating a calculated difference between the first function value and the preset function value; It is determined whether the calculated difference is within the function difference range.

5. A microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector, comprising a substrate, a microstrip transmission line and a fan-shaped branch line extending from the microstrip transmission line respectively arranged on the substrate, characterized in that: The structural parameters of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector are obtained by the optimization method of the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A radio frequency front-end module, characterized in that: The radio frequency front-end module includes the microstrip line fan-shaped branch connector described in claim 5.

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