Scheduling method and system for PIES to participate in electricity-carbon-green certificate market

Abstract

The invention provides a scheduling method and system for PIES to participate in an electricity-carbon-green certificate market, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive energy. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a carbon deal tax amount of a park integrated energy system, and allocating electric quantity corresponding to green certificates on demand on demand on the basis of a user side green certificate hour-by-hour allocation strategy of carbon potential response according to the carbon potential of each time period; the method comprises the following steps: discretizing time scales of a continuous carbon market and a green certificate market to the same scheduling time scale of an electricity market, establishing an electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection transaction strategy, determining a green certificate transaction volume and a deductable carbon emission reduction volume, and realizing dynamic conduction of key variables of the three markets; and based on the green certificate transaction volume and the deducted carbon emission reduction, constructing a PIES multi-agent double-layer game optimization scheduling model, and realizing scheduling of the park integrated energy system. The method can effectively reduce the cost of carbon tax, retains the initial energy consumption demand of the load, accords with the energy consumption will of an enterprise, and shows obvious economical efficiency and low carbon compared with a pairwise market connection transaction strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of integrated energy technology, and in particular relates to a scheduling method and system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The introduction and implementation of carbon tariffs have had an impact on the export trade of high-carbon products in the park-level integrated energy system (PIES), and to some extent have affected the international competitiveness of export enterprises. Due to the interactive influence of the electricity market, carbon market and green certificate market, the actual carbon emissions and operating costs of market participants are directly or indirectly affected. Making full use of the interactive effects between different markets is conducive to forming a joint force to cope with the adverse effects of carbon tariffs. In the initial implementation stage of carbon tariffs, taxes are levied on the direct carbon emissions of some high-carbon emission products, including the CO generated by the products themselves. 2 and CO produced when fossil fuels are used for energy 2 , and indirect carbon emissions generated in the electricity consumption process are gradually included in the scope of taxation.

[0004] At present, scholars in various fields have proposed different coping strategies for the adverse effects of the implementation of carbon tariffs. For example, by constructing a price variable resource allocation model, the quota allocation strategy is studied from the perspective of the carbon market to reduce the impact of carbon tariffs; the feasibility of green certificates to offset carbon tariffs is verified through economic modeling. However, the above studies take specific industries as examples to analyze the overall impact of carbon tariffs on the industry, and measure direct and indirect carbon emissions, and propose different carbon emission reduction and carbon tariff response measures, but none of them deeply analyze the impact of carbon tariffs on the power industry. In addition, by constructing a multi-scenario analysis framework, the influence mechanism of factors such as carbon price level, carbon tariff pricing and collection ratio on the decision-making of market entities is explored, and suggestions for coping with carbon tariffs are proposed from the perspective of price. No research has been conducted on reducing carbon emissions related to taxation, and the current research on the role of the green certificate trading market in coping with carbon tariffs is still insufficient. At the same time, some researchers have constructed a joint trading mechanism that considers the mutual recognition of carbon quotas and green certificates, and simulated and verified the complementary characteristics and synergistic effects of the joint trading mechanism. However, the above green certificate trading model only studies and analyzes the transaction price or transaction model, and fails to clarify the corresponding quantity of green certificates in each period during the verification process. Enterprises are unable to reasonably allocate green certificate resources based on production energy consumption characteristics. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a scheduling method and system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market. By designing the trading strategy of the subject participating in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, market resources are used to cope with the adverse effects of carbon tariffs, thereby alleviating the pressure of cost surge on export enterprises caused by the implementation of carbon tariffs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: A first aspect of the present invention provides a scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market; A scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market includes: Obtain the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopt a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocate the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each period; Discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a transaction strategy for the connection between the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, determine the green certificate trading volume and the deductible carbon emission reduction, and realize the dynamic transmission of the three key market variables; Based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model is constructed. The upper layer focuses on the overall optimization goals of the park's comprehensive energy system, while the lower layer considers the individual interests of each subject, outputs the total operating cost and carbon emissions, and realizes low-carbon economic scheduling of the park's comprehensive energy system.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response is:

[0008]

[0009]

[0010] Where: is the number of green certificates allocated in time period t; is the ratio coefficient of green certificates that can be obtained based on carbon potential within time period t; is the carbon potential calculated based on the carbon emission flow model in time period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide offset in period t.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the process of discretizing the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatching time scale of the power market is as follows: Unify the time scale, discretize the carbon market transaction time, and make the transaction time scale consistent with the electricity market time scale; The park's integrated energy system simultaneously makes decisions on the electricity market and the carbon market within a single period, achieving coordinated electricity-carbon trading decisions on the same time scale; The characteristic of calculating the penalty cost of excess carbon emissions at the end of the scheduling cycle is retained. The changes in carbon quotas caused by previous transactions continuously accumulate and affect the decision-making results of the current period, maintaining the information continuity of carbon market participants in each trading period.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the process of establishing a transaction strategy for the connection between the electricity-carbon-green certificate market and determining the green certificate transaction volume and the carbon emission reduction to be offset is as follows: Obtain the initial carbon quota of the PIES entity; Determine the trading volume and price of electricity, carbon quotas and green certificates; Determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction offset.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model includes a PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on master-slave game and a multi-PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on cooperative game.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the PIES low-carbon economic dispatch model based on master-slave game takes the minimum comprehensive cost as the objective function:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Where: is the comprehensive cost of entity i; and are the energy purchase cost and energy sales revenue of entity i respectively; The penalty cost paid for the portion of entity i’s actual carbon emissions that exceeds its carbon quota; , and are the carbon trading cost, electricity trading cost and electricity transmission fee of subject i and subject j respectively; and are the amount of electricity purchased from the power grid and the amount of gas purchased from the gas source by entity i in period t, respectively; and are the electricity price and gas price of the upper power grid in time period t respectively; is the electric energy sold by subject i to the upper grid in period t; is the price at which the subject sells electricity to the upper grid in time period t; and are the free carbon quota allocated to entity i and the actual carbon emissions respectively; is the total carbon quota trading volume between entity i and entity j; is the penalty coefficient when carbon emissions exceed the limit; and is the green certificate transaction quantity and green certificate transaction price between subject i and subject j; and are the carbon quota trading volume and carbon quota trading price between subject i and subject j in period t respectively; and are the electricity trading volume and electricity trading price in time period t respectively; The unit electricity transmission fee.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the multi-PIES low-carbon economic dispatch model based on cooperative game adopts a decomposition strategy to split the nonlinear optimization problem into two sub-problems: one is the maximization of cooperative benefits, and the other is the energy trading allocation plan; For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its cooperative benefit maximization subproblem is for:

[0019] Where: is the total cost of entity i excluding transaction costs; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction between subject i and subject j for electricity, heat and carbon quota; is the Lagrange multiplier for the energy coupling constraint; The penalty parameter for the cooperative benefit maximization subproblem; is the 2-norm; For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its energy transaction payment subproblem is The expression is:

[0020] Where: The optimal solution for sub-problem 1; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction price of electricity, heat and carbon quota traded between subject i and subject j; Lagrange multipliers for the energy trading payment subproblem; is the penalty parameter for the energy trading payment sub-problem; the initial values ​​of the transaction prices of electricity, heat and carbon quotas are all 0.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a scheduling system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market.

[0022] A dispatching system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, including: The green certificate allocation module is configured to: obtain the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopt a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocate the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each time period; The connection trading strategy determination module is configured to: discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a connection trading strategy for the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, and determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction to be offset; The integrated energy system scheduling module is configured as follows: Based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model is constructed to realize the scheduling of the park's integrated energy system.

[0023] The third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in a scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0024] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps in the scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0025] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: The present invention aims at the green certificate market, which can effectively alleviate the pressure of carbon tariffs imposed on export foreign trade enterprises. It proposes a transaction strategy that considers the connection between the electricity-carbon-green certificate market between PIES, and proposes a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response for enterprise users in PIES. It can promote the overall new energy consumption and carbon emission reduction, and effectively use the market to deal with international carbon tariffs.

[0026] (1) The user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response proposed in the present invention can reasonably allocate large green certificate resources according to the carbon potential level in each time period. It can effectively reduce the carbon tariff cost in different types of PIES and different types of loads, and at the same time, it can retain the initial energy demand of the load to a certain extent, which is in line with the energy consumption willingness of enterprises.

[0027] (2) The electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy proposed in the present invention achieves the effect of complementary resource advantages among the three markets by comprehensively analyzing various market variables within the same time section. Compared with the two-market connection trading strategy, it embodies obvious economic and low-carbon characteristics.

[0028] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method of the first embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy mechanism of the first embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a system structure diagram of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0035] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0036] The present invention proposes a scheduling method and system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market. First, the carbon tariff and tax calculation principle are clarified, and a carbon tariff calculation method considering the mutual recognition of green certificates and carbon tariffs is proposed. Then, in order to reasonably share the cost of green certificates purchased by the tax payer and effectively adjust the energy demand in each period to cope with the pressure of carbon tariff collection, a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response is proposed. The electricity corresponding to the green certificate is allocated hourly on demand according to the high and low carbon potential in each period, and the small-volume load uses the allocated green certificate to offset the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon tariff amount. After that, the price connection operation mechanism of the electricity, carbon, and green certificate markets is analyzed, and a connection transaction strategy for market entities to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market is proposed. A PIES multi-subject double-layer game optimization scheduling model is established to give full play to the resource complementarity in each market and each subject to promote cost reduction and emission reduction. Finally, the improved alternating direction multiplier method is used for distributed solution, and a typical example is used to verify that the proposed strategy has the effect of promoting overall consumption and emission reduction and alleviating the pressure of carbon tariff collection on enterprises.

[0037] Embodiment 1 This embodiment discloses a scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market; like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a dispatching method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market includes: Step S1, obtaining the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopting a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocating the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each time period; In step S1, the carbon tariff amount is levied on the difference between the carbon costs paid by the exporting enterprise in the producing country and the carbon costs paid by the exporting enterprise in the producing country, that is:

[0038] Where: Carbon tariff costs for export trading companies; Total carbon emissions generated by producing export products; and They are the carbon market price and the paid domestic carbon price of the producing country.

[0039] Foreign trade enterprises can obtain free emission quotas by purchasing green certificates, and their carbon tariff costs are converted accordingly:

[0040] Where: Number of green certificates obtained for foreign trade enterprises; is the carbon dioxide coefficient that can be offset by each green certificate, and its value is 0.8042. It can be seen from the above formula that purchasing green certificates can effectively reduce the carbon tariff costs of export trading companies.

[0041] Therefore, energy-consuming enterprises, as end users, can purchase green certificates to offset the carbon emissions accompanying the production process. Since each export enterprise is affected by the energy consumption characteristics of production, the shape of the carbon potential curve is very different. Based on their own economic interests, after purchasing green certificates, each enterprise divides the green certificate allocation ratio according to the carbon potential of energy consumption in each time period. The principle of allocating more green certificates to time periods with high carbon potential and less green certificates to time periods with low carbon potential is adopted. When green certificates are allocated to time periods with high carbon potential, more carbon cost buffers are provided for the production of enterprises in these time periods, which is conducive to enterprises maintaining efficient production methods. In this embodiment, a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response is established to guide enterprises to adjust energy consumption plans in response to demand, and adopt an energy consumption method to cope with carbon tariffs. The formula is:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Where: is the number of green certificates allocated in time period t; is the ratio coefficient of green certificates that can be obtained based on carbon potential within time period t; is the carbon potential in time period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide offset in period t.

[0045] Step S2, discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a connection trading strategy for the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, and determine the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction; The electricity-carbon-green certificate market system consists of the electricity market, carbon emission quota market and green electricity certificate trading market. Its interactive transmission mechanism is as follows: Figure 2 As shown. In this multi-level market system, key market variables such as electricity prices, carbon quota trading prices, carbon quota supply and demand conditions, and green certificate trading scale constitute the core elements of the cross-market transmission mechanism. The dynamic changes of these variables will further affect the decision-making behavior and optimization strategies of market participants. In step S2, the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market are discretized to the same dispatching time scale of the electricity market for research, and a connection trading strategy for the electricity-carbon-green certificate market is established.

[0046] Each PIES adopts the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: (1) Calculation of the initial carbon quota of the PIES entity The carbon quota allocated to each entity is calculated using the forecast values ​​of each type of load:

[0047] Where: The free carbon quota obtained by entity i; The total carbon emission limit for the region as a whole; is the total equivalent electrical load of subject i; , and are the predicted electricity, heat and gas load values ​​of entity i in time period t, respectively; and They are the equivalent ratios of electrical and thermal loads to electrical and gas loads, respectively.

[0048] (2) Determine the trading volume and price of electricity, carbon quotas and green certificates The cooperative game model based on Nash bargaining theory decides the trading volume and price of electricity and carbon quotas among PIES.

[0049] The price of green certificates is affected by the market supply and demand. The more green certificates purchased from the green certificate market, the higher the price; conversely, the more green certificates sold to the green certificate market, the lower the price. The transaction cost of green certificates considering market supply and demand is:

[0050] Where: is the transaction cost of green certificates in period t; , , , and They are the green certificate prices under different supply and demand conditions; and are all constants.

[0051] (3) Determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction offset

[0052] Where: is the number of green certificates used to offset carbon dioxide in period t; The number of green certificates required for the assessment during period t.

[0053] Step S3, based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, construct a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model. The inner layer focuses on the internal optimization of the park's integrated energy system, and the outer layer considers the individual interests of each subject to achieve coordinated scheduling of the regional integrated energy system.

[0054] Among them, the PIES multi-agent two-level game optimization scheduling model includes the PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on master-slave game and the multi-PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on cooperative game. In the PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on master-slave game, The objective function is to minimize the comprehensive cost, that is:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Where: is the comprehensive cost of entity i; and are the energy purchase cost and energy sales revenue of entity i respectively; The penalty cost paid for the portion of entity i’s actual carbon emissions that exceeds its carbon quota; , and are the carbon trading cost, electricity trading cost and electricity transmission fee of subject i and subject j respectively; and are the amount of electricity purchased from the power grid and the amount of gas purchased from the gas source by entity i in period t, respectively; and are the electricity price and gas price of the upper power grid in time period t respectively; is the electric energy sold by subject i to the upper grid in period t; is the price at which the subject sells electricity to the upper grid in time period t; and are the free carbon quota allocated to entity i and the actual carbon emissions respectively; is the total carbon quota trading volume between entity i and entity j; is the penalty coefficient when carbon emissions exceed the limit; and is the green certificate transaction quantity and green certificate transaction price between subject i and subject j; and are the carbon quota trading volume and carbon quota trading price between subject i and subject j in period t respectively; and are the electricity trading volume and electricity trading price in time period t respectively; The unit electricity transmission fee.

[0058] The PIES source side needs to formulate the carbon price of energy sales based on the carbon emission responsibility that users need to bear for energy consumption, and guide users to adopt cleaner and more environmentally friendly energy consumption methods. In order to more finely quantify the carbon emissions of each user, in the previous research work, carbon emission flow models for electricity, gas, thermal energy subsystems and energy coupling equipment were established respectively. Taking the power system as an example, the node carbon intensity (NCI) is:

[0059] Where: is the NCI of node n in time period t; is the set of power lines with node n as the terminal node; is the set of units g located at node n; is the line power flowing from node k to node n in time period t; is the NCI of node k in time period t; is the generation carbon intensity (GCI) of unit g in period t. The calculation method of node carbon intensity of gas and thermal energy subsystems is similar to that of power system, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] The carbon potential of the user's node directly reflects the cleanliness of the user's energy use. The carbon price that the user needs to pay is positively correlated with the carbon potential of the location, which can be expressed as:

[0061] Where: The carbon price that user i needs to pay for using energy; is the carbon cost coefficient; is the carbon potential of the user at node n in time period t.

[0062] The user side receives the energy selling price and carbon price issued by the energy supply side, and optimizes its own energy consumption behavior according to different energy consumption restrictions. Considering the product order constraints of export trading companies, their demand response method is mainly based on transferable loads and reducible loads, with the goal of minimizing comprehensive costs, that is:

[0063] Where: is the comprehensive cost of export trading enterprise i; is the carbon tariff cost of export trading enterprise i; , and are the unit prices of electricity, natural gas and thermal energy in time period t respectively; , and are the initial electrical load, gas load and thermal load respectively; , and They are the changes in electricity load, gas load and heat load of user i in time period t after price-low-carbon DR.

[0064]

[0065] Where: are the electricity, gas and heat loads actually transferred by subject i in time period t, respectively; are respectively the electricity, gas and heat loads reduced by entity i in time period t.

[0066] The total amount of load transferred in and out during the dispatch period should be equal, expressed as:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Where: , , , and , are the electric load, gas load and heat load transferred in and out by load i in time period t respectively; , and are the proportions of electric load, gas load and thermal load that can be transferred by load i respectively.

[0070] To ensure that the energy quality and system safety after DR are not affected, the load reduction must meet the following requirements:

[0071] Where: , and They are respectively the proportions of electric load, gas load and thermal load that can be reduced by load i.

[0072] In the multi-PIES low-carbon economic dispatch model based on cooperative game, Nash bargaining theory is used to construct a cooperative game decision model with multi-party participation. For this nonlinear optimization problem, the study adopts a decomposition strategy to split it into two sub-problems: one is to maximize the cooperative benefits, and the other is the energy transaction price payment plan. For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its cooperative benefit maximization subproblem is for:

[0073] Where: is the total cost of entity i excluding transaction costs; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction between subject i and subject j for electricity, heat and carbon quota; is the Lagrange multiplier for the energy coupling constraint; The penalty parameter for the cooperative benefit maximization subproblem; is the 2-norm; For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its energy transaction payment subproblem is The expression is:

[0074] Where: The optimal solution for sub-problem 1; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction price of electricity, heat and carbon quota traded between subject i and subject j; Lagrange multipliers for the energy trading payment subproblem; is the penalty parameter for the energy trading payment sub-problem; the initial values ​​of the transaction prices of electricity, heat and carbon quotas are all 0.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the improved PR-ADMM algorithm is used to solve the two-layer game optimization decision model, and the 1 / 2 power multiplier is introduced. , for the Lagrange multiplier Two iterations were performed to reduce the number of algorithm solution iterations and improve solution efficiency.

[0076] The convergence criterion for the master-slave game optimization decision problem within PIES is that the change in user carbon price in each period is less than or equal to the given convergence accuracy, that is:

[0077] Where: For the The carbon price of user i in time period t during the iteration; and are the number of iterations and convergence accuracy of the master-slave game optimization problem, respectively.

[0078] The optimization decision problem of multi-PIES cooperative game is judged whether the iteration ends by whether the original residual and dual residual of the PR-ADMM algorithm reach the convergence accuracy, that is:

[0079] Where: is the number of iterations of the improved PR-ADMM; and For the The generalized expression of the transaction of electricity, heat and carbon quota between subject i and subject j in the iteration process; For the The penalty parameter of the sub-problem of maximizing the cooperative benefit in the iteration process; For the The original residual obtained by the iteration; For the The dual residual obtained by the iteration; and are the convergence accuracy of the primal residual and the dual residual, respectively.

[0080] Experimental verification In order to verify the optimization effect of the proposed electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy on total cost, new energy consumption and carbon emissions, the following four comparison scenarios are constructed. The comparison results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Scenario 1: Electricity-carbon market connection trading strategy, that is, each PIES only participates in the electricity market and the carbon market; Scenario 2: Electricity-Green Certificate Market Linkage Trading Strategy, that is, each PIES only participates in the electricity market and the Green Certificate market; Scenario 3: Carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy, that is, each PIES only participates in the carbon market and the green certificate market; Scenario 4: The electricity-carbon-green certificate market linkage trading strategy proposed in this article, that is, each PIES participates in the electricity market, carbon market and green certificate market at the same time.

[0082] Table 1 Regional PIES decision results under four scenarios

[0083] It can be seen from Table 1 that under the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy proposed in the present invention, the total cost of each PIES and the whole is the smallest, the amount of new energy consumed is the largest, and the amount of carbon dioxide involved in the accounting is the smallest.

[0084] Comparing the data in scenario 1 and scenario 4, it can be seen that compared with the electricity-carbon market connection trading strategy, under the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy, the overall regional total cost is reduced by 1.5%, the new energy consumption is increased by 12.48%, and carbon dioxide emissions are reduced by 3.02%. This is because after considering the connection of the green certificate market, each PIES can give full play to the role of green certificate resources in certifying new energy consumption and offsetting carbon emissions. While offsetting carbon emissions and reducing carbon emission penalty costs, the number of PIES green electricity certifications has increased, promoting PIES to fulfill its new energy consumption responsibilities.

[0085] By comparing the data in Scenario 2 and Scenario 4, it can be seen that after taking into account the participation in the carbon market, the total cost in Scenario 4 is 2.22% lower than the total cost in Scenario 2, carbon emissions are reduced by 0.73%, and the consumption of new energy is increased by 2.3%. The reason for the relatively small reduction in carbon emissions is that the carbon market only trades carbon quotas and does not directly affect the actual carbon emissions. All three markets can directly or indirectly affect the carbon emissions of each PIES through costs, so PIES will reasonably use market advantages and adopt the lowest carbon economy scheduling strategy.

[0086] Compared with Scenario 3, the regional overall total cost and carbon emissions of the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy in Scenario 4 were reduced by 5.67% and 3.77% respectively, and the new energy consumption increased by 4.98%. Among them, the carbon emissions of PIES1 and PIES2 were significantly reduced, and the carbon emissions of PIES3 increased. This is because after considering the connection of the electricity market, PIES1 and PIES2 purchased electricity at a lower price from PIES3, and the carbon emissions associated with this part of electricity were included in PIES3. Therefore, the total cost and carbon emissions of PIES1 and PIES2 were reduced. PIES3 sold part of the electricity for profit, resulting in a further reduction in its operating costs. Carbon emissions increased but did not exceed the limit of its own free carbon quota.

[0087] It can be seen that compared with the trading strategy of connecting two markets, the electricity-carbon-green certificate market connection trading strategy proposed in the present invention can mobilize market interaction information in a timely manner and achieve the Pareto optimality of low carbon and economy among PIES in the region.

[0088] Embodiment 2 This embodiment discloses a dispatching system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market; like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a dispatching system of PIES participating in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market includes: The green certificate allocation module is configured to: obtain the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopt a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocate the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each time period; The connection trading strategy determination module is configured to: discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a connection trading strategy for the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, and determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction to be offset; The integrated energy system scheduling module is configured as follows: Based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model is constructed to realize the scheduling of the park's integrated energy system.

[0089] Embodiment 3 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0090] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in a scheduling method for a PIES to participate in an electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in Example 1.

[0091] Embodiment 4 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide an electronic device.

[0092] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps in a method for scheduling a PIES to participate in an electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in Example 1 are implemented.

[0093] The steps involved in the apparatuses of the above embodiments 2, 3 and 4 correspond to the method embodiment 1, and the specific implementation methods can refer to the relevant description part of embodiment 1. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be understood as a single medium or multiple media including one or more instruction sets; it should also be understood to include any medium that can store, encode or carry an instruction set for execution by a processor and enable the processor to execute any method in the present invention.

[0094] Those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computer device, or alternatively, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0095] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scheduling method for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, characterized in that: include: Obtain the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopt a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocate the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each period; Discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a transaction strategy for the connection between the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, determine the green certificate trading volume and the deductible carbon emission reduction, and realize the dynamic transmission of the three key market variables; Based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model is constructed. The upper layer focuses on the overall optimization goals of the park's comprehensive energy system, while the lower layer considers the individual interests of each subject, outputs the total operating cost and carbon emissions, and realizes low-carbon economic scheduling of the park's comprehensive energy system.

2. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hourly allocation strategy of green certificates on the user side based on carbon potential response is: Where: is the number of green certificates allocated in time period t; is the ratio coefficient of green certificates that can be obtained based on carbon potential within time period t; is the carbon potential calculated based on the carbon emission flow model in time period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide offset in period t.

3. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of discretizing the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the power market is as follows: Unify the time scale, discretize the carbon market transaction time, and make the transaction time scale consistent with the electricity market time scale; The park's integrated energy system simultaneously makes decisions on the electricity market and the carbon market within a single period, achieving coordinated electricity-carbon trading decisions on the same time scale; The characteristic of calculating the penalty cost of excess carbon emissions at the end of the scheduling cycle is retained. The changes in carbon quotas caused by previous transactions continuously accumulate and affect the decision-making results of the current period, maintaining the information continuity of carbon market participants in each trading period.

4. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of establishing the connection trading strategy of the electricity-carbon-green certificate market and determining the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction offset is as follows: Obtain the initial carbon quota of the PIES entity; Determine the trading volume and price of electricity, carbon quotas and green certificates; Determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction offset.

5. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model includes a PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on master-slave game and a multi-PIES low-carbon economic scheduling model based on cooperative game.

6. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The PIES low-carbon economic dispatch model based on master-slave game takes the minimum comprehensive cost as the objective function: Where: is the comprehensive cost of entity i; and are the energy purchase cost and energy sales revenue of entity i respectively; The penalty cost paid for the portion of entity i’s actual carbon emissions that exceeds its carbon quota; , and are the carbon trading cost, electricity trading cost and electricity transmission fee of subject i and subject j respectively; and are the amount of electricity purchased from the power grid and the amount of gas purchased from the gas source by entity i in period t, respectively; and are the electricity price and gas price of the upper power grid in time period t respectively; is the electric energy sold by subject i to the upper grid in period t; is the price at which the subject sells electricity to the upper grid in time period t; and are the free carbon quota allocated to entity i and the actual carbon emissions respectively; is the total carbon quota trading volume between entity i and entity j; is the penalty coefficient when carbon emissions exceed the limit; and is the green certificate transaction quantity and green certificate transaction price between subject i and subject j; and are the carbon quota trading volume and carbon quota trading price between subject i and subject j in period t respectively; and are the electricity trading volume and electricity trading price in time period t respectively; The unit electricity transmission fee.

7. A method for dispatching PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-PIES low-carbon economic dispatch model based on cooperative game adopts a decomposition strategy to split the nonlinear optimization problem into two sub-problems: one is the maximization of cooperative benefits, and the other is the energy trading allocation plan; For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its cooperative benefit maximization subproblem is for: Where: is the total cost of entity i excluding transaction costs; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction between subject i and subject j for electricity, heat and carbon quota; is the Lagrange multiplier for the energy coupling constraint; The penalty parameter for the cooperative benefit maximization subproblem; is the 2-norm; For subject i, the augmented Lagrangian function of its energy transaction payment subproblem is The expression is: Where: The optimal solution for sub-problem 1; and It is a generalized expression of the transaction price of electricity, heat and carbon quota traded between subject i and subject j; Lagrange multipliers for the energy trading payment subproblem; is the penalty parameter for the energy trading payment sub-problem; the initial values ​​of the transaction prices of electricity, heat and carbon quotas are all 0.

8. A dispatching system for PIES to participate in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, characterized by: The green certificate allocation module is configured to: obtain the carbon tariff amount of the park's integrated energy system, adopt a user-side green certificate hourly allocation strategy based on carbon potential response, and allocate the electricity corresponding to the green certificate hourly on demand according to the carbon potential level in each time period; The connection trading strategy determination module is configured to: discretize the time scales of the continuous carbon market and green certificate market to the same dispatch time scale of the electricity market, establish a connection trading strategy for the electricity-carbon-green certificate market, and determine the green certificate trading volume and the carbon emission reduction to be offset; The integrated energy system scheduling module is configured as follows: Based on the green certificate trading volume and the offset carbon emission reduction, a PIES multi-agent two-layer game optimization scheduling model is constructed to realize the scheduling of the park's integrated energy system.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the scheduling method of a PIES participating in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps in the scheduling method of PIES participating in the electricity-carbon-green certificate market as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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