Multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-scale prediction method for the low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell, and the method comprises the steps: S1, calculating the initial actual compression amount of a rubber sealing element of the hydrogen fuel cell under a low-temperature load, carrying out the optimization of the actual compression amount, obtaining a corrected compression rate, and obtaining the actual low-temperature compression rate of the sealing element of the hydrogen fuel cell; s2, analyzing the influence of the surface microstructure of the rubber sealing element on the contact characteristics of the sealing interface of the hydrogen fuel cell at low temperature based on a numerical method, and obtaining an improvement item and an inhibition item of the surface microstructure change of the sealing element at low temperature on the sealing performance of the interface; and S3, obtaining a hydrogen fuel cell low-temperature sealing performance prediction result based on the promotion item, the inhibition item and the actual low-temperature compression ratio. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the change of characteristic parameters of the rubber sealing element at different scales at low temperature is fully considered, and then the prediction precision of the low-temperature leakage rate of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell sealing, and in particular to a multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of power generation system, hydrogen fuel cells have the ability to directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy and are considered to be a cleaner and more efficient future energy system. Hydrogen fuel cells face harsh operating conditions such as low-temperature operation and static cold start during use. The sealing material "hardens" and the elastic modulus increases. The number and width of its gas leakage channels are different from the state at normal temperature, and the actual leakage rate of the seal is difficult to predict.

[0003] As a long series system, the life and reliability of the hydrogen fuel cell stack in low temperature environment depends on the components with the worst temperature stability. At present, the leakage of reaction gas caused by the failure of rubber seals has become one of the most serious factors. There are more than 800 sealing surfaces and more than 1,500 meters of sealing length in a 100kw stack. Failure of any one of the seals will cause gas leakage in the entire stack.

[0004] The sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cell rubber seals will be seriously affected by factors such as changes in material properties, shrinkage of geometric dimensions, and weakening of rebound characteristics in low-temperature environments. Rubber seals may even fail in ultra-low-temperature environments, and the reaction gas in hydrogen fuel cells will leak due to the pressure difference between the internal and external spaces. Research on the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells is an important basis for effectively improving the low-temperature life of the stack and the ability to start cold at rest.

[0005] On a macro scale, rubber seals in hydrogen fuel cells experience temperature-induced shrinkage due to low temperatures. Temperature-induced shrinkage is not only reflected in the dimensional changes of the seals, but also includes the weakening of the elasticity of rubber seals under long-term low temperatures. The two together affect the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Temperature-induced shrinkage is widely present in nature and has a serious negative impact on engineering practices such as civil construction, cable laying, and sealing design.

[0006] However, the essence of seal failure is the overflow of the sealed medium from the interface gap under the action of the pressure difference on both sides of the seal interface. Macroscopic research cannot calculate the interface leakage rate, let alone reveal the nature of interface leakage. The study of the contact characteristics of the rough seal interface of hydrogen fuel cells at a microscopic scale at low temperature is an important part of building a low-temperature seal performance model and revealing the failure mechanism of low-temperature seals. The surface micromorphology of hydrogen fuel cell seals changes under the influence of temperature loads. Low-temperature loads will make the originally rough surface protrusions become flatter and smoother, which will help reduce gaps and gas leakage in the seal interface; but on the other hand, changes in the microscopic rough morphology will increase the height of the interface leakage channel, which will reduce the difficulty of gas flow overflow and increase the gas interface leakage rate.

[0007] From the above, it can be seen that the influence of temperature on the performance of hydrogen fuel cell seals cannot be ignored. The current analysis of the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells and the design of low-temperature sealing structures only consider the dimensional changes of rubber seals under temperature loads, but do not take into account the impact of the weakening of the elasticity of rubber materials at a macro level, nor do they analyze the low-temperature sealing capabilities of seals based on changes in microscopic morphology. This leads to large deviations when using traditional methods to predict the low-temperature leakage rate of hydrogen fuel cells, or it is difficult to meet actual working needs when designing low-temperature sealing structures. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-scale prediction method for the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells in order to fully consider the changes in characteristic parameters of rubber seals at different scales at low temperatures and thereby improve the prediction accuracy of the low-temperature leakage rate of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell, the method comprising:

[0011] S1. Calculate the initial actual compression of the hydrogen fuel cell rubber seal under low temperature load, and optimize the actual compression to obtain the corrected compression rate ΔH t , the actual low-temperature compression rate η of the hydrogen fuel cell seal is obtained t ;

[0012] S2. Analyze the influence of the surface micromorphology of rubber seals on the contact characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell seal interface at low temperature based on numerical methods, and obtain the improvement and inhibition of the interface sealing performance caused by the change of the surface micromorphology of the seal at low temperature;

[0013] S3. The low-temperature sealing performance prediction result of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained based on the enhancement term, the inhibition term and the actual low-temperature compression rate.

[0014] Furthermore, the actual compression amount is:

[0015] ΔH t初 =H t -B=H×[1-α×(25-t)]-B

[0016] Among them, H t is the thickness of the rubber seal of the hydrogen fuel cell under the influence of low temperature load; t is the specific temperature of the low temperature environment; α is the temperature-induced shrinkage coefficient of the rubber material of the seal, H is the thickness of the rubber seal in the free state; B is the depth of the sealing groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the compression ratio ΔH is corrected t for:

[0018] ΔH t =K C ×(H t -B)

[0019] Among them, K C It is the compression cold resistance coefficient of rubber sealing materials in low temperature environment.

[0020] Furthermore, the actual low-temperature compression ratio η t for:

[0021]

[0022] Furthermore, the prediction result of the low temperature sealing performance of the hydrogen fuel cell is:

[0023] σ mul =σ tra +σ(D t )-σ(h t )

[0024] Among them, σ tra Indicates the actual low temperature compression ratio η t ,σ(D t ) represents the improvement of the interface sealing performance due to the microscopic morphology change of the seal surface at low temperature, σ(h t ) represents the inhibition of the interface sealing performance caused by the change of seal surface microstructure at low temperature.

[0025] Furthermore, the improvement of the interface sealing performance due to the microscopic morphology change of the sealing component surface at low temperature is:

[0026] σ(D t ) = η t ·E t ·f(D t )-η·E·f(D)

[0027] Among them, D and D tRefers to the surface microscopic morphology characteristic parameters of rubber seals at room temperature and low temperature, f(D) and f(D t ) are the equations for the change of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface, η represents the degree of compression deformation caused by the extruded section, E and E t They respectively represent the mechanical property parameters of the sealing rubber material at room temperature and low temperature.

[0028] Furthermore, the equation of the change law of the seal surface micro-morphology is fitted by experimental method.

[0029] Furthermore, the equation of the change law of the seal surface micro-morphology is fitted by numerical method.

[0030] Furthermore, the inhibition term of the microscopic morphology change of the sealing component surface at low temperature on the interface sealing performance is:

[0031]

[0032] where h and h t The height of the interface leakage channel of the hydrogen fuel cell multilayer ultra-thin sealing structure under the influence of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface in normal temperature and low temperature environments respectively.

[0033] Furthermore, the compression rate indicates the degree of compression deformation caused by the extruded cross section after the seal is installed in the sealing groove.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention fully considers the changes in characteristic parameters of rubber seals at different scales at low temperatures, and can more accurately predict the sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells at low temperatures. The analytical method is combined to express the temperature-induced shrinkage behavior of rubber seals in a low-temperature environment on a macro scale very clearly and quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of multi-scale changes in characteristic parameters of a rubber seal of a hydrogen fuel cell at low temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 The influence of temperature-induced shrinkage on the actual compression rate of the rubber seal of the hydrogen fuel cell on a macro scale in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 The multi-scale contact behavior of the rough sealing interface of the experimental group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention, where Figure 4 (a) is the experimental result of the group that considers the effect of rough morphology on the contact behavior of the sealing interface. Figure 4 (b) is the control group result without considering the effect of the surface micromorphology of the rubber seal on the interface contact behavior;

[0040] Figure 5 The figures are the calculation results of the average height of the leakage channel of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface using different methods in the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0042] The present invention proposes a multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells, the flow chart is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0043] S1. Calculate the initial actual compression of the hydrogen fuel cell rubber seal under low temperature load, and optimize the actual compression to obtain the corrected compression rate ΔH t , the actual low-temperature compression rate η of the hydrogen fuel cell seal is obtained t ;

[0044] S2. Analyze the influence of the surface micromorphology of rubber seals on the contact characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell seal interface at low temperature based on numerical methods, and obtain the improvement and inhibition of the interface sealing performance caused by the change of the surface micromorphology of the seal at low temperature;

[0045] S3. The low-temperature sealing performance prediction result of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained based on the enhancement term, the inhibition term and the actual low-temperature compression rate.

[0046] The schematic diagram of multi-scale changes of characteristic parameters of the rubber seal of a hydrogen fuel cell at low temperature in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0047] First, an analytical method is used to mathematically model the actual low-temperature compression rate of rubber seals on a macro scale; then a numerical method is used to analyze the influence of the microscopic morphology of the rubber seal surface on the low-temperature contact state of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface; finally, a multi-scale prediction method for the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells is proposed by combining macro-analytic modeling and micro-numerical analysis. Compared with the prior art, the multi-scale method involved in the present invention is more accurate in predicting the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells and can better guide the design of low-temperature sealing structures of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0048] Hydrogen fuel cell monomers have the output characteristics of "large current and small voltage". In order to make them meet the actual engineering use, 300-500 monomer cells are generally connected in series to form a stack. For hydrogen fuel cell stacks, failure or damage of any component in a low-temperature environment will greatly reduce the electrochemical efficiency of the entire stack or even completely prevent it from operating. Compared with other components, rubber seals exist in both the anode and cathode of hydrogen fuel cells. The number of rubber seals in a stack is about twice that of other components. In low-temperature environments, rubber seals are prone to unstable contact states, increased internal stress, and even cracking and damage. The instability of rubber seals in low-temperature environments has become one of the important factors restricting the low-temperature sealing performance and low-temperature life of hydrogen fuel cells. The present invention also considers the influence of changes in the macroscopic and microscopic parameters of the seal under low-temperature load on the sealing contact state. By analyzing the multi-scale contact characteristics of the low-temperature sealing interface of the hydrogen fuel cell, a multi-scale prediction method for the low-temperature sealing performance of the hydrogen fuel cell is finally proposed, which provides a foundation and basis for the prediction of the low-temperature sealing life of the hydrogen fuel cell and the design of the low-temperature sealing structure.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0050] 1. Fully consider the changes in characteristic parameters of rubber seals at different scales at low temperatures, and make the prediction of the sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells at low temperatures more accurate;

[0051] 2. The analytical method is used to express the temperature-induced shrinkage behavior of rubber seals in low-temperature environments on a macro scale very clearly and quickly;

[0052] 3. The analysis of the contact behavior of the rough surface of rubber seals at the microscopic scale based on numerical methods has the advantages of digitalization and intelligence, and can be completed without relying on experiments. It improves the prediction speed of low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells in engineering practice and shortens the structural design cycle.

[0053] 4. The present invention provides a multi-scale prediction method for the sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells, which is of great significance for improving the accuracy of calculating the leakage rate of hydrogen fuel cells at low temperatures.

[0054] Combined with Figure 3 The influence of temperature-induced shrinkage behavior on the low-temperature actual compression rate of hydrogen fuel cell rubber seals on a macroscopic scale is explained as follows:

[0055] On a macro scale, when the seal interface contact stress is greater than the pressure of the sealed medium, the seal can be considered effective. In the hydrogen fuel cell sealing structure, the soft rubber seal bears the most important sealing compression load and undergoes large nonlinear deformation. The study of the macroscopic contact mechanical behavior of the seal interface is an important basis for modeling the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells. The compression rate of the hydrogen fuel cell rubber seal is defined as the degree of compression deformation caused by the extruded section after the seal is installed in the sealing groove:

[0056]

[0057] Where H is the thickness of the rubber seal in the free state; B is the depth of the sealing groove. However, in a low-temperature environment, the dimensions of various components of a hydrogen fuel cell will inevitably change, and since the low-temperature shrinkage coefficient of rubber materials is much greater than that of materials such as metals, it is assumed that the metal bipolar plate in the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface does not shrink or change in size. The actual compression of the hydrogen fuel cell rubber seal under low-temperature load is:

[0058] ΔH t初 =H t -B=H×[1-α×(25-t)]-B

[0059] Among them, H t is the thickness of the rubber seal of the hydrogen fuel cell under the influence of low temperature load; t is the specific temperature of the low temperature environment; α is the temperature-induced shrinkage coefficient of the rubber material of the seal.

[0060] At present, the design working life of hydrogen fuel cells has exceeded 5,000 hours. The long-term low-temperature sealing performance of seals is directly affected by the rebound characteristics of rubber materials. This is because after the rubber seals are in a low-temperature environment for a long time, their elastic modulus increases and is irreversible. This means that even if the seals return to a normal temperature environment, the thickness of the seals in a free state cannot be fully restored to the initial level. In the case that the compression displacement of the hydrogen fuel cell package seal remains unchanged, the actual low-temperature compression of the seals will inevitably be much smaller than the nominal value:

[0061] ΔH t =K C ×(H t -H)

[0062] where k C It is the compression cold resistance coefficient of rubber sealing material in low temperature environment, which indicates the degree of elasticity reduction of rubber in low temperature environment, and k C =1. Then the actual low-temperature compressibility of the hydrogen fuel cell seal at low temperature t is:

[0063]

[0064] Attached Figure 3In the figure, when only the effect of low temperature load on the size of rubber seals is considered, the compression rate decreases linearly with the decrease of low temperature, and due to the small low temperature shrinkage coefficient of rubber seal materials, the change amplitude of the compression rate is not obvious. However, the compression rate curve considering the weakening of rubber seal elasticity at low temperature shows significant nonlinear characteristics and has a larger change amplitude, which proves the important influence of the weakening of rubber material elasticity in temperature-induced shrinkage on the actual low temperature compression rate of hydrogen fuel cell seals.

[0065] Combined with Figure 4 The influence of the surface microstructure of the rubber seal on the contact state of the sealing interface is explained. Figure 4 (a) is the result of the experimental group, which considers the influence of rough morphology on the contact behavior of the sealing interface, and the result has multi-scale characteristics; Figure 4 (b) does not consider the effect of the surface micromorphology of the rubber seal on the interface contact behavior.

[0066] In the attached Figure 4 It can be seen from (a) that when the temperature drops from 25℃ to -40℃, the maximum contact stress of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface decreases from 4.61MPa to 1.18MPa, with a change rate of 74.40%; the average contact stress decreases from 1.60MPa to 0.03MPa, with a change rate of 98.31%. However, the degree of decrease in interface contact stress is significantly different in different low-temperature environments. For example, in the range of 0℃ to -30℃, the maximum and average values ​​of contact stress only decrease by 3.71% and 43.34%, respectively, proving the significant effect of ultra-low temperature on the performance of the multi-layer ultra-thin sealing structure of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0067] In the control group, only the macroscopic matrix of the rubber seal model was affected by the temperature-induced shrinkage of the low-temperature load, while the surface microstructure remained the same as that at room temperature. Figure 4 (b) The contact stress index of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface at room temperature is basically consistent with that of the experimental group, but as the temperature decreases, the difference between the results of the experimental group and the experimental group begins to become obvious. Figure 4 The maximum contact stress curves of both sets of results increased slightly near -20°C. This is because the elastic modulus of the seal rubber material increased significantly at -20°C, causing greater contact stress in certain rough raised areas in the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface.

[0068] Combined with Figure 5 The complex influence of low temperature load on the leakage channel parameters of hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface is explained, and a multi-scale prediction method for low temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells is established by combining macro-scale analytical modeling and micro-scale numerical research. The specific description is as follows:

[0069] In this embodiment, the maximum contact stress decreases significantly with the effect of low temperature load, which means that the low temperature load will make the surface micro-morphology of the rubber seal become smoother, which will help improve the uneven contact distribution in the multi-layer ultra-thin sealing interface of the hydrogen fuel cell, reduce the number of interface leakage channels and improve the interface sealing performance. However, in fact, the prediction result of the multi-scale method for low temperature sealing of hydrogen fuel cells is lower, because the change of the surface micro-morphology of the rubber seal at low temperature not only affects the number of interface leakage channels, but also determines the center position of the rough protrusions and depressions, thereby affecting the overall height of the interface leakage channel.

[0070] Attached Figure 5 The influence of different models on the height of the interface leakage channel of the multi-layer ultra-thin sealing structure of hydrogen fuel cells under low temperature load is shown in the figure. The prediction result of the multi-scale method for the height of the leakage channel of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface is greater than the calculation result of the traditional model, which shows the multi-faceted effect of microscopic morphology changes on the low temperature sealing performance of the interface.

[0071] Therefore, the multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells involved in the present invention can be expressed as:

[0072] σ mul =σ tra +σ(D t )-σ(h t )

[0073] where σ tra is the actual low-temperature compression rate of the rubber seal in the macroscopic scale in Example 1, and the second and third items respectively represent the improvement and inhibition of the interface sealing performance by the change of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface at low temperature. t ), the multi-scale average contact stress will increase with the change of morphology, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0074] σ(D t ) = η t ·E t ·f(D t )-η·E·f(D)

[0075] Where D and D t The microscopic morphological characteristic parameters of the rubber seal surface at room temperature and low temperature, f(D) and f(D t ) are respectively the equations for the change of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface, which can be fitted by experimental or numerical methods. On the other hand, the low temperature load affects the position of the center line of the microscopic morphology and changes the height of the leakage channel of the hydrogen fuel cell sealing interface. Its influence on the low temperature sealing performance of the hydrogen fuel cell can be expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] where h and h t The height of the interface leakage channel of the multilayer ultra-thin sealing structure of the hydrogen fuel cell under the influence of the microscopic morphology of the sealing surface in room temperature and low temperature environments can be expressed as:

[0078]

[0079] The multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells can be expressed as:

[0080]

[0081] The present invention uses a traditional analytical model to characterize the temperature-induced shrinkage behavior of the macroscopic matrix of the PEMFC seal at low temperature, and uses σ(D t ) and σ(h t ) expresses the influence of the seal micromorphology on the interface contact characteristics, and proposes a multi-scale prediction method for the low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0082] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of hydrogen fuel cells, characterized in that the method include: S1. Calculate the initial actual compression of the hydrogen fuel cell rubber seal under low temperature load, and optimize the actual compression to obtain the corrected compression rate ΔH t , the actual low-temperature compression rate η of the hydrogen fuel cell seal is obtained t ; S2. Analyze the influence of the surface micromorphology of rubber seals on the contact characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell seal interface at low temperature based on numerical methods, and obtain the improvement and inhibition of the interface sealing performance caused by the change of the surface micromorphology of the seal at low temperature; S3. The low-temperature sealing performance prediction result of the hydrogen fuel cell is obtained based on the enhancement term, the inhibition term and the actual low-temperature compression rate.

2. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actual compression amount is: ΔH t初 =H t -B=H×[1-α×(25-t)]-B Among them, H t is the thickness of the rubber seal of the hydrogen fuel cell under the influence of low temperature load; t is the specific temperature of the low temperature environment; α is the temperature-induced shrinkage coefficient of the rubber material of the seal, H is the thickness of the rubber seal in the free state; B is the depth of the sealing groove.

3. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: Corrected compression ratio ΔH t for: ΔH t =K C ×(H t -B) Among them, K c It is the compression cold resistance coefficient of rubber sealing materials in low temperature environment.

4. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: Actual low temperature compression ratio η t for:

5. The multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction results of the low temperature sealing performance of the hydrogen fuel cell are: s mul =s tra +σ(D t )-σ(h t ) Among them, σ tra Indicates the actual low temperature compression ratio η t ,σ(D t ) represents the improvement of the interface sealing performance due to the microscopic morphology change of the seal surface at low temperature, σ(h t ) represents the inhibition of the interface sealing performance caused by the change of seal surface microstructure at low temperature.

6. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The improvement of the interface sealing performance by the microscopic morphology change of the sealing surface at low temperature is: σ(D t )=η t ·E t ·f(D t )-η·E·f(D) Among them, d and D t Refers to the surface microscopic morphology characteristic parameters of rubber seals at room temperature and low temperature, f(D) and f(D t ) are the equations for the change of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface, η represents the degree of compression deformation caused by the extruded section, E and E t They respectively represent the mechanical property parameters of the sealing rubber material at room temperature and low temperature.

7. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The equation for the change law of the seal surface microstructure is fitted by experimental method.

8. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The equation of the seal surface micromorphology change law is fitted by numerical method.

9. A multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inhibitory term of the microscopic morphology change of the seal surface at low temperature on the interface sealing performance is: where h and h t The height of the interface leakage channel of the hydrogen fuel cell multilayer ultra-thin sealing structure under the influence of the microscopic morphology of the seal surface in normal temperature and low temperature environments respectively.

10. The multi-scale prediction method for low-temperature sealing performance of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression rate indicates the degree of compression deformation caused by the extruded cross section after the seal is installed in the seal groove.

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