Gas cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and operation method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a gas cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function and an operation method thereof, and relates to the field of nuclear reactors. The gas cooled reactor pressure vessel with the heat preservation function comprises an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat preservation chamber and a piston, the heat preservation chamber is annularly arranged on the outer side of the reaction chamber, the air inlet pipe is simultaneously communicated with one end of the reaction chamber and one end of the heat preservation chamber, the exhaust pipe is simultaneously communicated with the other end of the reaction chamber and the other end of the heat preservation chamber, and the piston is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber and is provided with a one-way exhaust valve. In the working process, the gas inlet pipe can convey cooling gas to the reaction chamber and also convey cooling gas to the heat preservation chamber at the same time, the cooling gas in the heat preservation chamber is used for absorbing heat, the one-way exhaust valve on the piston is opened after certain pressure is reached, and then the cooling gas after heat absorption is conveyed to the exhaust pipe; the heat preservation performance of the pressure container is improved, and heat loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of nuclear reactors, and in particular to a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor, the nuclear reaction generates a large amount of heat. The cooling gas acts as a heat transfer medium to carry away the heat for subsequent thermal energy generation.

[0003] Existing pressure vessels are limited by their own structure, resulting in poor thermal insulation performance and easy loss of a large amount of heat. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function and an operation method thereof, which can improve the heat preservation performance of the pressure vessel, reduce heat loss, and prevent the pressure vessel from being damaged.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, comprising:

[0007] An air intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat preservation chamber and a piston;

[0008] Among them, the insulation chamber is arranged in a ring on the outside of the reaction chamber, the air inlet pipe is connected to the reaction chamber and one end of the insulation chamber at the same time, the exhaust pipe is connected to the reaction chamber and the other end of the insulation chamber at the same time, the piston is movably arranged in the insulation chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way exhaust valve.

[0009] Optionally, the insulation chamber includes an inner shell, an outer shell and a plurality of insulation tubes, the plurality of insulation tubes are arranged in a ring-shaped manner, the inner shell is located on the inner side of the plurality of insulation tubes and defines the reaction chamber, the outer shell is located on the outer side of the plurality of insulation tubes, both ends of the insulation tubes are respectively connected to the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe, and each of the insulation tubes accommodates the piston.

[0010] Optionally, the heat-insulating chamber further includes a heat-insulating layer, wherein the heat-insulating layer is located between the inner shell and the outer shell, and both ends of the heat-insulating layer are respectively connected to adjacent heat-insulating pipes.

[0011] Optionally, the thermal insulation layer is made of porous boride ceramic material.

[0012] Optionally, the air inlet pipe includes a first inlet pipe and multiple second inlet pipes, the input ends of the multiple second inlet pipes are all connected to the first inlet pipe, the output ends of the multiple second inlet pipes are connected to the multiple insulation pipes one by one, and the first inlet pipe is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0013] Optionally, each of the second inlet pipes is provided with an on-off valve.

[0014] Optionally, the exhaust pipe includes a first row of pipes and multiple second rows of pipes, the output ends of the multiple second rows of pipes are all connected to the first row of pipes, the input ends of the multiple second rows of pipes are connected to the multiple insulation pipes one by one, and the first row of pipes is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0015] Optionally, the pistons in at least two of the insulation tubes are located at different axial positions.

[0016] Optionally, the number of the insulation pipes is at least three, and the at least three insulation pipes are evenly arranged in a ring shape.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an operating method of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, which is implemented based on the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function. The operating method of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function includes:

[0018] Controlling the air inlet pipe to deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, and moving the piston to the middle position of the heat preservation chamber;

[0019] Controlling the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber and to squeeze the piston to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber close to the exhaust pipe;

[0020] Controlling the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume pressurization;

[0021] The one-way exhaust valve is controlled to open after the cooling gas reaches a preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows toward the exhaust pipe, so that the piston moves back to the end of the heat preservation chamber close to the intake pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and the operation method thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention include, for example:

[0023] The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function includes an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat preservation chamber and a piston; wherein the heat preservation chamber is arranged around the outside of the reaction chamber, the air inlet pipe is connected to one end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber at the same time, the exhaust pipe is connected to the other end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber at the same time, the piston is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way exhaust valve. During operation, the air inlet pipe can deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber while also delivering cooling gas to the heat preservation chamber. The cooling gas in the heat preservation chamber is used to absorb heat, and when the heat reaches a certain pressure, the one-way exhaust valve on the piston will open, and then the cooling gas after absorbing heat will be delivered to the exhaust pipe, thereby improving the heat preservation performance of the pressure vessel and reducing heat loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a first viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a second viewing angle.

[0028] Icons: 100-gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with thermal insulation function; 110-inlet pipe; 111-first inlet pipe; 112-second inlet pipe; 113-on-off valve; 120-exhaust pipe; 121-first row of pipes; 122-second row of pipes; 130-reaction chamber; 140-insulation chamber; 141-inner shell; 142-outer shell; 143-insulation pipe; 144-insulation layer; 150-piston; 151-one-way exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0035] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0037] As mentioned in the background technology, a large amount of heat is usually generated during the operation of a nuclear reactor, so cooling gas is needed as a heat transfer medium to remove the heat for subsequent thermal energy generation. Existing pressure vessels are limited by their own structure, resulting in poor thermal insulation performance. When there is too much heat, it is easy to cause a large amount of heat loss, and there is a hidden danger of damaging the pressure vessel.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and the operation method thereof provided in the embodiments of the present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems, which will be described in detail below.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat preservation function includes an air inlet pipe 110, an exhaust pipe 120, a reaction chamber 130, a heat preservation chamber 140 and a piston 150;

[0041] Among them, the insulation chamber 140 is arranged in a ring on the outside of the reaction chamber 130, the air inlet pipe 110 is connected to the reaction chamber 130 and one end of the insulation chamber 140 at the same time, the exhaust pipe 120 is connected to the reaction chamber 130 and the other end of the insulation chamber 140 at the same time, the piston 150 is movably arranged in the insulation chamber 140, and the piston 150 is provided with a one-way exhaust valve 151.

[0042] During operation, the air inlet pipe 110 can deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 while also delivering cooling gas to the insulation chamber 140. The cooling gas in the insulation chamber 140 is used to absorb heat, and when the heat reaches a certain pressure, the one-way exhaust valve 151 on the piston 150 will open, and the cooling gas after absorbing heat will be delivered to the exhaust pipe 120, thereby improving the insulation performance of the pressure vessel, reducing heat loss, and preventing the pressure vessel from being damaged.

[0043] It is worth noting that the reaction chamber 130 contains nuclear fuel for nuclear reaction to release heat energy, and the cooling gas is used to absorb the heat energy and output it, thereby facilitating the subsequent process to utilize the heat energy to generate electricity.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The insulation chamber 140 includes an inner shell 141, an outer shell 142 and a plurality of insulation tubes 143. The plurality of insulation tubes 143 are arranged in a ring-shaped manner. The inner shell 141 is located on the inner side of the plurality of insulation tubes 143 and defines a reaction chamber 130. The outer shell 142 is located on the outer side of the plurality of insulation tubes 143. Both ends of the insulation tubes 143 are respectively connected to the intake pipe 110 and the exhaust pipe 120. A piston 150 is accommodated in each insulation tube 143.

[0045] In the above technical solution, in order to ensure the heat preservation effect of the reaction chamber 130, a double-layer structure of an inner shell 141 and an outer shell 142 can be provided to reduce heat loss. In addition, a heat preservation pipe 143 can be provided between the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142, and cooling gas can also be passed into the heat preservation pipe 143 to absorb the heat that tends to be lost.

[0046] It should be noted that before the cooling gas is introduced, the piston 150 will be located at one end of the insulation tube 143 close to the intake pipe 110; when the cooling gas is introduced, the piston 150 will be squeezed to move toward the exhaust pipe 120. Usually, the amount of cooling gas introduced is kept at the middle position of the piston 150 in the insulation tube 143. The process of the cooling gas in the insulation tube 143 absorbing heat can be regarded as two processes, wherein the first process is constant pressure heat absorption, and the cooling gas continues to push the piston 150 to move toward the exhaust pipe 120 after absorbing heat energy, until the piston 150 reaches the end of the insulation tube 143 close to the exhaust pipe 120; the second process is constant volume heat absorption, and the volume of the cooling gas no longer expands after absorbing heat energy, but the air pressure increases. When the air pressure of the cooling gas after absorbing heat reaches the preset value of the one-way exhaust valve 151, the one-way exhaust valve 151 opens, so that the cooling gas after sufficient heat absorption can flow to the exhaust pipe 120. After exhausting the cooling gas, the piston 150 moves to the end of the heat preservation tube 143 close to the air intake pipe 110 to continue to repeat the heat absorption process.

[0047] In addition, in order to make the return movement of the piston 150 faster, the piston 150 can be connected to a driver, which is used to provide a power source for the piston 150 to assist the movement of the piston 150 in the insulation tube 143. The driver can be an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and its specific power form is not limited.

[0048] It is worth noting that in order to put the entire system in a dynamic insulation and dynamic heat exchange process, the pistons 150 in at least two insulation tubes 143 can be located at different axial positions.

[0049] In this embodiment, the number of the insulation tubes 143 and the number of the pistons 150 are twelve, and the twelve insulation tubes 143 and the pistons 150 can be divided into three groups, and the movement interval of each group of pistons 150 in the corresponding insulation tube 143 is 1 / 3 of the heat exchange cycle. That is, when the first group of insulation tubes 143 is in the process of air intake or heat exchange, the insulation tubes 143 of the second group can be in the process of constant volume heat absorption, and the insulation tubes 143 of the third group can be in the process of constant pressure heat absorption, so that the cooling gas in the insulation tubes 143 always absorbs the heat that has a tendency to dissipate.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to achieve uniform heat exchange, when the number of the insulation tubes 143 is at least three, at least three insulation tubes 143 are evenly arranged in an annular shape. When the insulation tubes 143 and the pistons 150 are divided into three groups, the three groups of insulation tubes 143 can be arranged alternately in the order of ABCABCABC...

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 In order to further improve the heat insulation effect, the heat insulation chamber 140 may also include a heat insulation layer 144, the heat insulation layer 144 is located between the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142, and the two ends of the heat insulation layer 144 are respectively connected to adjacent heat insulation pipes 143.

[0052] When there is a tendency for heat to dissipate, most of the heat can be absorbed by the cooling gas in the thermal insulation tube 143 , and a small portion of the heat can be confined on the inner side of the outer shell 142 due to the barrier of the thermal insulation layer 144 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the heat insulating layer 144 can be made of porous boride ceramic material with a low thermal conductivity, which can block the heat transfer between the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142. The materials of the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142 are hollow multi-shell structure materials, and there is a heat preservation threshold. The heat conduction effect is poor within the temperature threshold, and the heat conduction effect is improved outside the temperature threshold.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to facilitate the separate air intake to the reaction chamber 130 and the multiple insulation tubes 143, the air intake pipe 110 can include a first air intake pipe 111 and multiple second air intake pipes 112, the input ends of the multiple second air intake pipes 112 are all connected to the first air intake pipe 111, the output ends of the multiple second air intake pipes 112 are connected to the multiple insulation tubes 143 one by one, and the first air intake pipe 111 is connected to the reaction chamber 130.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first inlet pipe 111 is in a straight cylindrical shape, and the second inlet pipe 112 is in an arc shape; and each second inlet pipe 112 is provided with an on-off valve 113. When air is introduced into the insulation pipe 143, the on-off valve 113 is opened; when the gas in the insulation pipe 143 absorbs heat, the on-off valve 113 can be disconnected.

[0056] Similarly, in order to facilitate exhausting the reaction chamber 130 and the plurality of insulation tubes 143, the exhaust pipe 120 may include a first row of tubes 121 and a plurality of second rows of tubes 122, the output ends of the plurality of second rows of tubes 122 are all connected to the first row of tubes 121, the input ends of the plurality of second rows of tubes 122 are connected to the plurality of insulation tubes 143 one by one, and the first row of tubes 121 is connected to the reaction chamber 130. In this embodiment, the first row of tubes 121 is in a straight tube shape, and the second row of tubes 122 is in an arc shape.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an operation method of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, which is implemented based on the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with a heat preservation function. The operation method of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with a heat preservation function includes:

[0059] S100: Control the air inlet pipe 110 to deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 and the insulation chamber 140, and move the piston 150 to the middle position of the insulation chamber 140; specifically, the first inlet pipe 111 and the second inlet pipe 112 can deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 and the insulation pipe 143 respectively.

[0060] S200: Control the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber 130, and squeeze the piston 150 to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber 140 close to the exhaust pipe 120; specifically, this process can be regarded as an endothermic process of the cooling gas to achieve constant pressure and capacity increase.

[0061] S300: Control the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume pressurization; in this process, because the piston 150 has reached the end of the insulation tube 143 and will no longer move, the volume of the cooling gas is fixed but the pressure will continue to increase.

[0062] S400 : Control the one-way exhaust valve 151 to open after the cooling gas reaches a preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows toward the exhaust pipe 120 , so that the piston 150 moves back to the end of the heat preservation chamber 140 close to the intake pipe 110 .

[0063] Specifically, after the one-way exhaust valve 151 is opened, the gas in the insulation tube 143 flows to the exhaust pipe 120. At this time, the insulation tube 143 is connected to the exhaust pipe 120 and the pressure is the same; the one-way exhaust valve 151 is kept open, the piston 150 moves upward to one end of the intake pipe 110, and then the one-way exhaust valve 151 is closed; the on-off valve 113 of the intake pipe 110 is opened, the piston 150 moves to the middle of the insulation tube 143, the cooling gas fills the upper part of the insulation tube 143, and then the on-off valve 113 is closed, and the cooling gas in the insulation tube 143 begins to absorb heat.

[0064] In summary, the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and the operation method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0065] (1) The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with insulation function is provided with an insulation chamber 140 outside the reaction chamber 130, and cooling gas can be injected into the insulation chamber 140 to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber. The heat absorption process includes a constant pressure volume increase heat absorption and a constant volume pressure increase heat absorption, so that after the pressure reaches a preset value, the one-way exhaust valve 151 on the piston 150 opens to transport the cooling gas cylinder after heat absorption to the exhaust pipe 120, thereby reducing heat loss, improving the insulation effect, and avoiding damage to the container when overheating.

[0066] (2) The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat preservation function is provided with a heat insulation layer 144, so that when the heat temperature does not exceed the temperature threshold of the heat insulation layer 144, the heat can be isolated by a low thermal conductivity; and when the heat temperature exceeds the temperature threshold of the heat insulation layer 144, the thermal conductivity can be increased to conduct heat, thereby avoiding damage to the container structure.

[0067] (3) The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with insulation function limits the multiple groups of insulation tubes 143 to be in different heat exchange cycles, so that there is always cooling gas in the insulation tubes 143 to absorb the heat that has a tendency to dissipate, thereby achieving dynamic heat absorption and maximizing the heat absorption and insulation efficiency to reduce heat loss.

[0068] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function, characterized in that: include: An air intake pipe (110), an exhaust pipe (120), a reaction chamber (130), a heat preservation chamber (140), and a piston (150); The heat preservation chamber (140) is arranged in a ring on the outer side of the reaction chamber (130); the air inlet pipe (110) is connected to the reaction chamber (130) and one end of the heat preservation chamber (140) at the same time; the exhaust pipe (120) is connected to the reaction chamber (130) and the other end of the heat preservation chamber (140) at the same time; the piston (150) is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber (140); and the piston (150) is provided with a one-way exhaust valve (151).

2. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating chamber (140) comprises an inner shell (141), an outer shell (142) and a plurality of heat-insulating tubes (143); the plurality of heat-insulating tubes (143) are arranged in a ring-shaped manner; the inner shell (141) is located on the inner side of the plurality of heat-insulating tubes (143) and defines the reaction chamber (130); the outer shell (142) is located on the outer side of the plurality of heat-insulating tubes (143); two ends of the heat-insulating tubes (143) are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe (110) and the exhaust pipe (120); and each of the heat-insulating tubes (143) accommodates the piston (150).

3. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-insulating chamber (140) further comprises a heat-insulating layer (144), wherein the heat-insulating layer (144) is located between the inner shell (141) and the outer shell (142), and the two ends of the heat-insulating layer (144) are respectively connected to adjacent heat-insulating pipes (143).

4. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer (144) is made of porous boride ceramic material.

5. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (110) comprises a first inlet pipe (111) and a plurality of second inlet pipes (112); the input ends of the plurality of second inlet pipes (112) are all connected to the first inlet pipe (111); the output ends of the plurality of second inlet pipes (112) are connected to the plurality of insulation pipes (143) one by one; and the first inlet pipe (111) is connected to the reaction chamber (130).

6. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the second inlet pipes (112) is provided with an on-off valve (113).

7. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (120) comprises a first row of pipes (121) and a plurality of second rows of pipes (122); the output ends of the plurality of second rows of pipes (122) are all connected to the first row of pipes (121); the input ends of the plurality of second rows of pipes (122) are connected to the plurality of insulation pipes (143) in a one-to-one correspondence; and the first row of pipes (121) is connected to the reaction chamber (130).

8. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pistons (150) in at least two of the thermal insulation tubes (143) are located at different axial positions.

9. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the thermal insulation pipes (143) is at least three, and the at least three thermal insulation pipes (143) are evenly arranged in a ring shape.

10. An operating method for a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, characterized in that: Based on the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with thermal insulation function according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the operating method of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with thermal insulation function comprises: Controlling the air inlet pipe (110) to deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber (130) and the heat preservation chamber (140), and moving the piston (150) to a middle position of the heat preservation chamber (140); Controlling the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated by the reaction chamber (130) and to squeeze the piston (150) to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber (140) close to the exhaust pipe (120); Controlling the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume pressurization; The one-way exhaust valve (151) is controlled to open after the cooling gas reaches a preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows toward the exhaust pipe (120), so that the piston (150) moves back to one end of the heat preservation chamber (140) close to the intake pipe (110).

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