Graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphene-based ultra-low-profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna, and the antenna comprises a system floor which comprises a bottom plate and a frame which is arranged at the periphery of the bottom plate and wraps the whole antenna; the isolation metal is located in the system floor, is parallel to the short frame of the system floor and coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the long frame of the system floor, and two ends are connected with the long frame of the system floor; the wave-absorbing material is positioned in the system floor and is symmetrically distributed by taking the isolation metal as an axis; the dielectric substrate is positioned above the wave-absorbing material, is symmetrically distributed by taking the isolation metal as an axis, and is the same as the wave-absorbing material in length and width; and the patch dipole antennas are located above the dielectric substrate and symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal as the axis, the working frequency bands of the two patch dipole antennas range from 0.3 GH to 4 GHz, and 30 dB isolation exists between the two patch dipole antennas. The invention has the advantages of light weight, stability, strong adaptability and higher detection performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of microwave technology, and in particular relates to an ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the construction of underground pipelines is becoming increasingly complex, especially in projects such as subway expansion, road construction and large-scale real estate development. The detection and positioning of underground pipelines has become particularly important. During the excavation process, the phenomenon of mis-digging underground pipelines frequently occurs, and the economic losses and social impacts caused by it have attracted widespread attention. Therefore, how to accurately, efficiently and quickly detect the location of underground pipelines to avoid mis-digging and accidental injuries is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), as a non-destructive underground detection technology, is an effective tool for detecting and locating underground pipelines. At present, many cities at home and abroad widely use GPR technology for underground environmental detection before subway expansion, road construction or real estate development, so as to avoid digging up urban pipelines during construction, improve construction safety and efficiency, and save a lot of maintenance costs.

[0004] However, the current use of ground penetrating radar alone for pipeline detection is limited by the contradiction between detection depth and detection resolution. That is, the greater the detection depth, the lower the detection resolution, resulting in the inability to provide sufficiently clear images and accurate positioning information when detecting deep pipelines. In addition, ground penetrating radar is greatly affected by the detection medium. Factors such as soil type, humidity, and rock structure may cause unstable signal propagation, thereby affecting the accuracy of the detection results. In addition, traditional GPR equipment is usually large in size, heavy in weight, complex to operate, and requires high technical requirements, which makes it difficult to be widely used in small spaces or construction sites with high mobility requirements. Traditional equipment performs poorly in harsh environments and is easily affected by factors such as high temperature, low temperature, and high humidity. Its performance will decline and its service life will be short.

[0005] Therefore, how to resolve the contradiction between detection depth and resolution and improve the mobility, environmental adaptability and ease of operation of the equipment has become the key to the current development of GPR technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna that is lightweight, stable, highly adaptable and has higher detection performance.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene, comprising:

[0008] The system floor comprises a bottom plate and a frame surrounding the bottom plate and wrapping the entire antenna;

[0009] Isolation metal is located inside the system floor, parallel to the short frame of the system floor, coincides with the mid-vertical line of the long frame of the system floor, and is connected to the long frame of the system floor at both ends;

[0010] The absorbing material is located inside the system floor and is symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal as the axis;

[0011] The dielectric substrate is located above the absorbing material, symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal as the axis, and has the same length and width as the absorbing material;

[0012] The patch dipole antennas are located above the dielectric substrate and are symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal as the axis. The operating frequency bands of the two patch dipole antennas are both 0.3GH to 4GHz, and there is 30dB isolation between the two patch dipole antennas.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the patch dipole antenna includes two symmetrical radiating patches with the median of the short frame of the system floor as the symmetry axis, the radiating patch is a trapezoidal plus rectangular structure, the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid is provided with a feeding port, the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid is connected to the wide side of the rectangle, resistors are provided at both ends of the other wide side of the rectangle, and the resistors are connected to the system floor frame to achieve grounding.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: all metal parts of the antenna, namely the radiation patch and the system floor are designed with graphene materials.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the short frame lengths of the isolation metal, dielectric substrate and system floor are the same, and the thickness of the isolation metal is the same as the thickness of the short frame of the system floor; the height of the isolation metal is equal to the height of the system floor frame, which is the sum of the thicknesses of the absorbing material, dielectric substrate and patch dipole antenna.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 240 degrees at 0.3 GHz.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 300 degrees at 0.6 GHz.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 270 degrees at 1 GHz.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 220 degrees at 2 GHz.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 210 degrees at 3 GHz.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the two patch dipole antennas have a beam width of 180 degrees at 4 GHz.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] By utilizing the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene, it achieves ultra-low profile and lightweight characteristics, has strong impact resistance, and can be efficiently integrated into the excavator bucket.

[0024] The special laminate structure and system floor design ensure that when the antenna is integrated into the bucket, its performance will not be negatively affected by the bucket metal.

[0025] The antenna's radiation patch adopts a trapezoidal plus elongated rectangular structure design, which effectively adjusts and increases the antenna's radiation area, making the antenna have better matching performance at different frequencies.

[0026] The antenna is provided with a -10dB impedance bandwidth from 300MHz to 4.0GHz, meeting the requirements of ultra-wideband stepped frequency radar for antenna impedance bandwidth.

[0027] The use of ultra-wideband stepped frequency technology has significantly improved the antenna system's resolution and detection range for underground pipeline detection, ensuring that the location, depth and diameter of the pipeline can be sensed in real time and accurately in complex environments. It effectively overcomes the problems of inaccurate detection or slow response in traditional technologies, thereby minimizing the occurrence of pipeline digging accidents and improving construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated with an ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated with an ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated with ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention, which is simulated and installed on the bucket;

[0031] Figure 4 : This is a matching S parameter diagram of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention; (S 11 Input reflection coefficient, S 22 Output reflection coefficient);

[0032] Figure 5This is a matching S parameter diagram of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated with ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene installed on the bucket in the present invention; (S 11 Input reflection coefficient, S 22 Output reflection coefficient);

[0033] Figure 6 The isolation S parameter (S) of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention 12 ) and its simulated isolation S parameter (S 12 ’ )Comparison chart;

[0034] Figure 7 The 0.3 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 The 0.3 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 The 0.6 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 The 0.6 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 The 1 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 The 1 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 The 2 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 The 2 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 The 3 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16The 3 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 The 4 GHz E-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.18 This is the 4 GHz H-plane radiation pattern of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated with the graphene-based ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Patch dipole antenna, 2. Dielectric substrate, 3. Absorbing material, 4. System floor, 5. Isolation metal, 6. Resistors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna includes:

[0049] The system floor 4 comprises a bottom plate and a frame provided around the bottom plate and wrapping the entire antenna; preferably, the bottom plate thickness of the system floor 4 is h_G=50um, the width is G_L=257.1mm, the length is 2*(B_W+G_H)+T_R=289.89mm, the frame thickness is G_H=50um, the height is 2*h_G+h_A+h_R=27.108mm, the length of the short frame is G_L=257.1mm, and the length of the long frame is 2*(B_W+G_H)+T_R=289.89mm;

[0050] The isolation metal 5 is located inside the system floor 4, is parallel to the short frame of the system floor 4, coincides with the mid-vertical line of the long frame of the system floor 4, and is connected to the long frame of the system floor 4 at both ends;

[0051] The absorbing material 3 is located inside the system floor 4 and is symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal 5 as the axis; preferably, the absorbing material 3 has a length of G_L-2*G_H=257mm, a width of B_W=144.87mm, a thickness of h_A=26.5mm, a dielectric constant of 10, and a loss factor of 1, which plays a role in optimizing the propagation and absorption of electromagnetic waves;

[0052] The dielectric substrate 2 is located above the absorbing material 3, symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal 5 as the axis, and has the same length and width as the absorbing material 3; preferably, the dielectric substrate 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber (Rogers RT5880) to support the antenna array and ensure the low-loss transmission performance of the antenna in the high-frequency range, with a length of G_L-2*G_H=257mm, a width of B_W=144.87mm, a thickness of h_R=0.508mm, a low dielectric constant (2.20±0.02), a dielectric loss tangent less than 0.0009, and excellent high-frequency performance;

[0053] The patch dipole antenna 1 is located above the dielectric substrate 2 and is symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal 5 as the axis. The operating frequency bands of the two patch dipole antennas 1 are both 0.3GH to 4GHz. There is 30dB isolation between the two patch dipole antennas 1, which can effectively reduce the signal coupling between the two antennas and improve the anti-interference ability of the system.

[0054] Furthermore, the patch dipole antenna 1 includes two symmetrical radiating patches with the median of the short frame of the system floor 4 as the symmetry axis. The radiating patch is a trapezoidal plus rectangular structure, which can effectively adjust the geometric shape of the antenna and increase the radiation surface. The thickness is h_h=50um. A feeding port is provided on the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid, and the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid is connected to the wide side of the rectangle. Resistors 6 with a resistance of 500 ohms are provided at both ends of the other wide side of the rectangle. Resistors 6 are connected to the frame of the system floor 4 to achieve grounding, so that the antenna can achieve better matching at different frequencies, thereby expanding the frequency response range of the antenna and significantly improving the bandwidth of the antenna to meet the needs of ultra-wideband. The length of the rectangular patch of the radiation patch is T_L=100.74mm, and the width is T_W=73.79mm; the upper base length of the trapezoidal patch of the radiation patch is T_D=36.56mm, the lower base length is T_W=73.79mm, and the waist length is 22.97mm; the interval between the two radiation patches of the patch dipole antenna 1 is W_W=2.57mm.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, the S parameters of two patch dipole antennas 1 are given. Figure 4 Medium S 11 is the input reflection coefficient, S 22 The output reflection coefficient is basically less than -10dB in the entire frequency band from 0.3GHz to 4GHz, which means that the antenna has good impedance matching in this frequency band, the reflected energy is less than 10%, and most of the energy is effectively radiated.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the S parameters of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention are simulated and installed on the bucket. Figure 5Where S11 is the input reflection coefficient, S 22 The output reflection coefficient is less than -10dB in the full operating frequency range of 0.3GHz to 4GHz, which means that the antenna has good impedance matching in this frequency band, and the reflected energy is less than 10%, and most of the energy is effectively radiated. Figure 4 They are almost the same, indicating that the performance is almost unaffected when the antenna is integrated on the bucket.

[0057] Figure 6 The isolation S parameter (S) of the ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna based on graphene of the present invention 12 ) and its simulated isolation S parameter (S 12 ’ )Comparison chart, S 12 is the reverse transmission coefficient, which is less than -30dB in the entire operating frequency band from 0.3GHz to 4GHz, indicating that the signal received by the receiving antenna in this frequency band will not be obviously fed back to the transmitting antenna, reducing interference, and there is a slight difference between the two in the high-frequency area, but it does not affect the performance. It also means that the performance is almost unaffected when the antenna is integrated on the bucket.

[0058] Furthermore, all metal parts of the antenna, namely the radiation patch and the system floor 4, are designed with graphene materials, with a thickness of 50um. Graphene is used as a conductive material, and a highly conductive graphene film is prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The thickness of the metal parts of the radiation patch of the patch dipole antenna 1 and the system floor 4 is controlled at 50um, which can achieve a lighter and smaller conductor design while maintaining the same conductivity as copper, which is more conducive to integration with the bucket. Figure 3 As shown, a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband stepped frequency antenna simulated and installed on the bucket is given. The length of the metal is E_W=900mm, and the width is E_L=864mm; the antenna is S_1=303.5mm away from the short side of the metal, and S_2=303.5mm away from the long side of the metal. When the antenna system is embedded in the metal whose length and width are both greater than one quarter of the length and width of the antenna system floor 4, the performance of the antenna system is almost unaffected.

[0059] Furthermore, the short borders of the isolation metal 5, the dielectric substrate 2 and the system floor 4 have the same length, and the thickness of the isolation metal 5 is the same as the thickness of the short border of the system floor 4; the height of the isolation metal 5 is equal to the height of the border of the system floor 4, which is the sum of the thicknesses of the absorbing material 3, the dielectric substrate 2 and the patch dipole antenna 1.

[0060] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 240 degrees at 0.3 GHz.

[0061] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 300 degrees at 0.6 GHz.

[0062] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 270 degrees at 1 GHz.

[0063] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 220 degrees at 2 GHz.

[0064] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 210 degrees at 3 GHz.

[0065] Furthermore, the two patch dipole antennas 1 have a beam width of 180 degrees at 4 GHz.

[0066] like Figures 7 to 18 As shown in the figure, the E and H patterns of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna at 0.3MHz, 0.6GHz, 1GHz, 2GHz, 3GHz and 4GHz are given in turn. In the working frequency band of 0.3GHz to 4GHz, the half-power beamwidth of the antenna is greater than 180 degrees, among which the beamwidth in the low frequency band (0.3GHz to 1GHz) can reach more than 240 degrees, and the beamwidth in the high frequency band (3GHz to 4GHz) is kept at about 180 degrees, ensuring good radiation coverage characteristics in a wide frequency band.

Claims

1. A graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: include: The system floor (4) comprises a bottom plate and a frame provided around the bottom plate and wrapping the entire antenna; The isolation metal (5) is located inside the system floor (4), is parallel to the short frame of the system floor (4), coincides with the mid-vertical line of the long frame of the system floor (4), and is connected to the long frame of the system floor (4) at both ends; The wave absorbing material (3) is located inside the system floor (4) and is symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal (5) as the axis; The dielectric substrate (2) is located above the absorbing material (3), symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal (5) as the axis, and has the same length and width as the absorbing material (3); The patch dipole antennas (1) are located above the dielectric substrate (2) and are symmetrically distributed with the isolation metal (5) as the axis. The operating frequency bands of the two patch dipole antennas (1) are both 0.3 GHz to 4 GHz, and there is 30 dB isolation between the two patch dipole antennas (1).

2. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patch dipole antenna (1) comprises two symmetrical radiation patches with the mid-vertical line of the short frame of the system floor (4) as the symmetry axis. The radiation patches are of a trapezoidal plus rectangular structure. The upper bottom side of the trapezoid is provided with a feeding port. The lower bottom side of the trapezoid is connected to the wide side of the rectangle. Resistors (6) are provided at both ends of the other wide side of the rectangle. The resistors (6) are connected to the frame of the system floor (4) to achieve grounding.

3. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: All metal parts of the antenna, namely the radiation patch and the system floor (4) are designed with graphene materials.

4. The ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The short frames of the isolation metal (5), the dielectric substrate (2) and the system floor (4) are of the same length, and the thickness of the isolation metal (5) is the same as the thickness of the short frame of the system floor (4); the height of the isolation metal (5) is equal to the height of the frame of the system floor (4), which is the sum of the thicknesses of the absorbing material (3), the dielectric substrate (2) and the patch dipole antenna (1).

5. The ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna based on graphene according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 240 degrees at 0.3 GHz.

6. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 300 degrees at 0.6 GHz.

7. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 270 degrees at 1 GHz.

8. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 220 degrees at 2 GHz.

9. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 210 degrees at 3 GHz.

10. The graphene-based ultra-low profile lightweight bucket integrated ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two patch dipole antennas (1) have a beamwidth of 180 degrees at 4 GHz.

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