Camellia oleifera fruit grading, drying and husking all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a camellia oleifera fruit grading, drying and husking all-in-one machine which comprises a husking table and a plurality of conveying belts arranged on the husking table, and a camellia oleifera fruit conveying channel is formed by a gap between every two adjacent conveying belts; an upper cutting assembly and a lower cutting assembly which are arranged corresponding to the conveying channel are respectively arranged above and below the shelling table; each of the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly comprises a cutter cylinder; the multiple fixed cutters are fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the cambered surface of the cutter cylinder; the plurality of movable cutters are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fixed cutters; the control component is configured to firstly control the movable cutter to be attached to the fixed cutter to cut out a cutting seam in the process that the cutter cylinder rotates to the fixed cutter to cut the camellia oleifera fruits, and then control the movable cutter to be far away from the fixed cutter to expand the cutting seam; and the driving part is used for driving the cutter cylinder to rotate. According to the oil tea fruit slitting device, oil tea fruits can be slit-cut after the fixed cutter and the movable cutter are folded, and the fixed cutter and the movable cutter are driven to be separated for slit expansion after slit cutting is completed, so that the subsequent seed and hull breaking quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of camellia fruit processing, and in particular to an all-in-one machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruits. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera is a woody oil crop with high economic value. Camellia oleifera seeds are rich in oil and are the raw material for processing camellia oil. Camellia oleifera fruit is composed of camellia oleifera shell and camellia oleifera seeds. An important process before oil processing is to shell the camellia oleifera fruit and clean the camellia oleifera seeds. Fresh fruits have a high moisture content when they are just picked. If they are not shelled in time, they are prone to mildew, which affects the subsequent drying, storage and processing of the camellia oleifera seeds.

[0003] In the related art, a Chinese patent application with application number CN202311820862.4 proposes an all-in-one machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruits, comprising: a grading mechanism for grading the diameter of the input camellia fruits; a drying mechanism having a drying chamber, the drying chamber being used to dry the camellia fruits, the drying chamber being provided with a plurality of chambers for drying camellia fruits of different grades; a shelling mechanism for shelling the dried camellia fruits; and a separation mechanism for separating the seeds and shells formed after shelling. The invention utilizes a grading mechanism to grade camellia fruits of different grades of fruit diameters, and after grading, the camellia fruits enter different drying chambers for separate drying, so that the drying and cracking states of large and small fruits are maintained at the same level, energy is saved, and the subsequent shelling and seeding rates are guaranteed.

[0004] The above-mentioned related technologies have the following defects: there are differences in the fruit diameter and shell thickness of tea oil fruits during their growth. Although they are graded by a grading mechanism before shelling, the same grade of tea oil fruits still have different cut depths during the cutting process. Especially when processing green fruits and fresh fruits, too shallow cuts may result in the subsequent shelling rollers not being able to effectively break the shells with the help of the cuts, which will also affect the separation efficiency and separation quality of the seeds and shells by the subsequent separation mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that shallow cuts in the shelling process of graded tea-oil fruits will affect the shelling quality and subsequent separation quality, the present application provides a tea-oil fruit grading, drying and shelling all-in-one machine.

[0006] The present application provides a tea fruit grading, drying and shelling all-in-one machine that adopts the following technical solution: An integrated machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruit, comprising a grading mechanism, a drying mechanism, a shelling mechanism and a separation mechanism arranged in sequence, the shelling mechanism comprising a shelling table and a plurality of conveyor belts arranged on the shelling table, the gap between two adjacent conveyor belts forming an oil-tea fruit conveying channel, the feeding end of the conveying channel docking with the output end of the drying mechanism, and the discharging end docking with the input end of the separation mechanism; an upper cutting assembly and a lower cutting assembly corresponding to the conveying channel are respectively arranged above and below the shelling table; The upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly both include: A knife cylinder is rotatably disposed on the shelling table, and its axial direction is orthogonal to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt; A plurality of fixed cutting knives are provided and fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the knife barrel arc surface; A plurality of movable cutters are provided and correspond to the plurality of fixed cutters one by one. The movable cutters are movably arranged on the knife cylinder. When the movable cutters and the fixed cutters are closely fitted together, they form a cutting knife for cutting the oil-tea fruit in the conveying channel. The control component is configured to, when the knife drum rotates to the fixed knife to cut the oil-tea fruit, first control the movable knife to fit with the fixed knife to cut a slit, and then control the movable knife to move away from the fixed knife to expand the slit; and The driving component is used for driving the knife cylinder to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes: The slag cleaning component is configured to clean the contacting side of the fixed cutter and the movable cutter when the knife cylinder rotates to the point where the fixed cutter is away from the conveying channel after cutting the oil-tea fruit.

[0008] Furthermore, the control component includes: A control cylinder is coaxially arranged in the knife cylinder, a plurality of movable cutters are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the control cylinder, a movable groove for the movable cutters to extend out is formed through the outer wall of the knife cylinder corresponding to the fixed cutters, and the movable cutters are slidably arranged in the movable groove; A linear drive member, the output end of which is rotationally connected to the control cylinder; The detection member is configured to: output a first detection signal before any of the fixed cutters rotates to contact the closest oil-tea fruit in the conveying channel, and output a second detection signal before the fixed cutter rotates to be about to separate from the closest oil-tea fruit; and; The controller is controlled and connected to the detection member and the linear drive member, and is configured to: when receiving the first detection signal, control the linear drive member to drive the control cylinder to move so that the movable cutter is in close contact with the fixed cutter; and when receiving the second detection signal, control the linear drive member to drive the control cylinder to move so that the movable cutter is away from the fixed cutter.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection member is configured as an angle sensor, which outputs a first detection signal when the detection member detects that the knife cylinder rotates to a first angle, and outputs a second detection signal when the detection member detects that the knife cylinder rotates to a second angle.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection element includes a first proximity sensor, a second proximity sensor and a sensing block used in conjunction with the first proximity sensor and the second proximity sensor. The knife barrel is provided with a plurality of sensing blocks corresponding to the plurality of fixed cutters. The peeling table is provided with the first proximity sensor and the second proximity sensor on both sides of the knife barrel axis. The second proximity sensor and the first proximity sensor are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. When the sensing block is aligned with the first proximity sensor, the first proximity sensor outputs a first detection signal: When the sensing block is aligned with the second proximity sensor, the second proximity sensor outputs a second detection signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation direction of the knife drum is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the free ends of the fixed cutter and the movable cutter are both provided with arc portions extending away from the rotation direction of the knife barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, the slag cleaning component includes a scraper and a brush, the scraper is located on the rotation path of the gap between the fixed cutter and the movable cutter, the brush is arranged at one end of the scraper close to the knife barrel and flexibly abuts against the outside of the knife barrel, and the scraper is provided with a pointed end on the side facing the rotation direction of the knife barrel.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of pressing air bags corresponding one to one with the plurality of the conveyor belts are fixedly connected to the shelling table, and the pressing air bags are located in the inner circle of the conveyor belts and pressed against the inner side walls of the conveyor belts.

[0015] Furthermore, there is a speed difference between the conveying speeds of the two conveyor belts on both sides of the conveying channel, so that the oil-tea fruit in the conveying channel rotates to a certain extent when being conveyed.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are: 1. The sorted tea fruits are clamped and conveyed by two conveyor belts in the conveying channel, so that multiple tea fruits of the same level are arranged in a row in the conveying channel and conveyed in sequence. When the tea fruits are conveyed between the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly, the driving component continuously drives the knife barrel to rotate so that one of the fixed cutters on the knife barrel rotates to align with the tea fruit directly below it; with the help of the control component, the movable cutter can first fit the fixed cutter so that the two are combined into a cutting knife, and cut a slit on the shell of the tea fruit; then the control component continues to control the movable cutter to move the movable cutter to the fixed cutter. The cutter is away from the fixed cutter, so that the cut seam can be expanded in the process of moving away from each other, so that before the fixed cutter is completely away from the oil-tea fruit directly below it, the cut seam and the seam expansion operation of the oil-tea fruit can be completed; even if there are oil-tea fruits with slightly smaller fruit diameters in the oil-tea fruits of the same level after sorting, resulting in a shallow cut seam, the subsequent seam expansion operation will significantly increase the damage effect of the cut seam on the fruit shell, making it convenient for the fruit shell to be cracked from the cut seam and the expansion seam when the shelling roller is shelling, thereby effectively ensuring the subsequent seed and shell breaking quality and the subsequent separation quality; 2. After the fixed cutter and the movable cutter complete the seam cutting and seam widening operations, as the knife barrel continues to rotate, the fixed cutter and the movable cutter rotate to the scraper, and the scraper passes through the gap between the two to clean the fitting sides of the two to ensure that the two can fit tightly in the future; the brush on the scraper cleans the movable groove on the knife barrel, which can also reduce the probability that the fixed cutter and the movable cutter cannot fit tightly due to the presence of debris between them; 3. The conveying speeds of the two conveyor belts on both sides of the conveying channel are set to have a speed difference, so that the oil tea fruit in the conveying channel rotates to a certain extent when being conveyed. Therefore, when the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly are cutting the oil tea fruit, the oil tea fruit rotates to a certain extent along its vertical center axis, so that the cut of the cutting knife on the oil tea fruit is curved, which can increase the actual length of the cut to a certain extent, and can also cut off the local fibers on the shell of the oil tea fruit, and can also promote the subsequent seed and shell separation quality to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the movable cutter and the fixed cutter of the embodiment of the present application are separated; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a knife cylinder and a control cylinder of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA line; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure when the control component of an embodiment of the present application adopts a wedge block and a push rod.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Shelling table; 11. Conveying channel; 121. Driving motor; 122. Driving gear; 123. Gear ring; 21. Conveyor belt; 22. Conveyor wheel; 3. Knife cylinder; 31. Movable slot; 4. Fixed cutter; 41. Arc; 5. Movable cutting knife; 61. control cylinder; 62. linear drive member; 631. first proximity sensor; 632. second proximity sensor; 633. induction block; 641. control rod; 642. compression spring; 643. wedge block; 6431. tilting section; 6432. horizontal section; 644. push rod; 71. Scraper; 72. Brush; 81. Press the airbag tightly; 82. Smooth plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] The present application discloses an all-in-one machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruit. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3, which includes a grading mechanism, a drying mechanism, a shelling mechanism and a separation mechanism which are arranged in sequence, wherein the specific structures of the grading mechanism, the drying mechanism and the separation mechanism are arranged based on the prior art and will not be repeated here. The shelling mechanism includes a shelling platform 1 and a plurality of parallel conveyor belts 21 arranged on the shelling platform 1, the inner circle of the conveyor belt 21 is provided with two conveying wheels 22 rotatably mounted on the shelling platform 1, and the shelling platform 1 is provided with a power motor for driving one of the conveying wheels 22 to rotate. Two adjacent conveyor belts 21 form a group and the gap between them forms an oil tea fruit conveying channel 11, the feed end of the conveying channel 11 is connected to the output end of the drying mechanism, and the discharge end is connected to the input end of the separation mechanism, each conveying channel 11 is used to convey oil tea fruits of different fruit diameter levels, and the two conveyor belts 21 in the same group are used to clamp and convey the oil tea fruits at the feed end of the conveying channel 11 to the discharge end. In addition, the shelling station 1 is provided with a plurality of shelling rollers (not shown in the figure) at the discharge end of the conveying channel 11. The gap between two adjacent shelling rollers is for the cut tea fruits to fall into and be squeezed and torn by the plurality of roller teeth on the shelling rollers to separate the seeds and the shells. The specific setting is conventional technical means and will not be repeated here.

[0021] An upper cutting assembly and a lower cutting assembly (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the conveying channel 11 are respectively arranged above and below the shelling table 1, and each group of upper cutting assemblies and lower cutting assemblies corresponds to a conveying channel 11; and a slot corresponding to the lower cutting assembly is opened on the shelling table 1 (not shown in the figure). In the specific setting, the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly can be arranged directly opposite each other up and down, or they can be staggered along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. The difference is that when they are arranged directly opposite each other, the oil-tea fruit can be accurately cut at one time; and the staggered setting can reduce the overall footprint of the shelling mechanism to a certain extent.

[0022] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly both include: The knife cylinder 3 is rotatably arranged on the shelling platform 1, and its axial direction is orthogonal to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. A plurality of fixed cutters 4 are provided and fixedly connected to the arc surface outer peripheral wall of the knife cylinder 3, and the plurality of fixed cutters 4 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the knife cylinder 3.

[0023] There are multiple movable cutters 5 and they correspond one to one with multiple fixed cutters 4. The multiple movable cutters 5 are also arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the knife cylinder 3. The movable cutters 5 are movably arranged on the knife cylinder 3. When the movable cutters 5 are tightly fitted with the fixed cutters 4, they form a cutting knife for cutting the oil tea fruit in the conveying channel 11.

[0024] The control component is configured to first control the movable cutter 5 to fit with the fixed cutter 4 to cut a slit when the knife cylinder 3 rotates to the fixed cutter 4 to cut the oil-tea fruit, and then control the movable cutter 5 to move away from the fixed cutter 4 to expand the slit.

[0025] The driving component is used to drive the knife barrel 3 to rotate. The driving component can be a driving motor 121, a driving gear 122 fixed to the output end of the driving motor 121, a gear ring 123 meshing with the driving gear 122 and coaxially fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the end of the knife barrel 3, or other existing structures that can drive the knife barrel 3 to rotate stably. The slag cleaning component is configured to clean the contacting side of the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 when the knife cylinder 3 rotates to the point where the fixed cutter 4 after cutting the oil-tea fruit is away from the conveying channel 11.

[0026] Therefore, after the picked tea fruits pass through the grading mechanism and the drying mechanism in sequence, the tea fruits of different fruit diameters are sorted into different conveying channels 11, and these tea fruits are clamped and conveyed by two conveyor belts 21 in the conveying channel 11, so that multiple tea fruits of the same grade are arranged in a row in the conveying channel 11 and conveyed in sequence. When the tea fruits are conveyed between the upper cutting component and the lower cutting component, the driving component continuously drives the knife drum 3 to rotate, so that one of the fixed cutters 4 on the knife drum 3 rotates to align with the tea fruit directly below it, so that the upper and lower parts of the tea fruits can be cut.

[0027] During this process, with the help of the control component, the movable cutter 5 can first fit into the fixed cutter 4 so that the two are combined into a cutting knife. As the knife cylinder 3 continues to rotate, the cutting knife can cut a slit on the tea fruit shell; then the control component continues to control the movable cutter 5 to move away from the fixed cutter 4, so that the two can expand the slit in the process of moving away from each other, so that before the fixed cutter 4 is completely away from the tea fruit directly below it, the slit cutting and slit widening operations on the tea fruit can be achieved; even if there are tea fruits with slightly smaller fruit diameters in the same grade of tea fruits after sorting, resulting in a shallow slit, the subsequent slit widening operation will significantly increase the destructive effect of the slit on the fruit shell, making it convenient for the subsequent shelling roller to crack the fruit shell from the slit and the widened slit, thereby effectively ensuring the subsequent seed and shell breaking quality and the subsequent separation quality.

[0028] Moreover, as the knife barrel 3 continues to rotate, the separated fixed cutter 4 and movable cutter 5 pass through the slag cleaning component, which can remove the residue that may be stuck between the two to avoid affecting the subsequent closing tightness of the two. In this way, continuous slitting and expansion of multiple oil-tea fruits in the conveying channel 11 can be achieved, so as to achieve efficient shelling of the shelling mechanism.

[0029] In order to realize the automatic separation and bonding of the movable cutter 5, the shelling efficiency of the shelling mechanism is avoided from being affected.

[0030] In one possible embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the above-mentioned control components include: The control cylinder 61 is coaxially arranged in the knife cylinder 3 and is synchronously arranged with the knife cylinder 3. A plurality of movable cutters 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the control cylinder 61. A movable groove 31 for the movable cutter 5 to extend out is penetrated through the portion of the outer wall of the knife cylinder 3 corresponding to the fixed cutter 4. The movable cutter 5 is slidably arranged in the movable groove 31. The control cylinder 61 and the knife cylinder 3 are synchronously arranged by means of a flat key and a key groove.

[0031] The linear drive member 62 has an output end rotationally connected to the control cylinder 61 . The linear drive member 62 may specifically be a cylinder, an electric push rod 644 , a cam mechanism, etc., as long as the relevant structure can realize high-frequency reciprocating linear motion of the control cylinder 61 .

[0032] The detection member is configured to: output a first detection signal before any fixed cutter 4 rotates to contact the closest oil-tea fruit in the conveying channel 11, and output a second detection signal before the fixed cutter 4 rotates to be about to separate from the closest oil-tea fruit; and; The controller is controlled and connected with both the detection member and the linear drive member 62, and is configured to: when receiving a first detection signal from the detection member, control the linear drive member 62 to drive the control cylinder 61 to move so that the movable cutter 5 is in close contact with the fixed cutter 4; and when receiving a second detection signal from the detection member, control the linear drive member 62 to drive the control cylinder 61 to move so that the movable cutter 5 is away from the fixed cutter 4.

[0033] In one embodiment, the detection member is configured as an angle sensor, and when the detection member detects that the knife barrel 3 rotates to a first angle, a first detection signal is outputted, and when the detection member detects that the knife barrel 3 rotates to a second angle, a second detection signal is outputted. The first angle and the second angle correspond to the angle at which each fixed cutter 4 is about to contact the oil-tea fruit directly below it and the angle at which it is about to move away from the oil-tea fruit directly below it, respectively; and in a specific configuration, each fixed cutter 4 corresponds to its own first angle and second angle, and after the knife barrel 3 rotates 360°, the detection value of the angle sensor is reset to zero and recorded again, so that each fixed cutter 4 can accurately output the first detection signal and the second detection signal when it rotates to the corresponding first angle and second angle following the knife barrel 3.

[0034] In another embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5The detection part includes a first proximity sensor 631, a second proximity sensor 632 and a sensing block 633 used in conjunction with the two. A plurality of sensing blocks 633 corresponding to a plurality of fixed cutters 4 are installed on the knife cylinder 3. The first proximity sensor 631 and the second proximity sensor 632 are installed on both sides of the axis of the knife cylinder 3 on the shelling table 1. The second proximity sensor 632 and the first proximity sensor 631 are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. The first proximity sensor 631 and the second proximity sensor 632 can be Hall sensors or infrared sensors. If the Hall sensor is selected, the sensing block 633 is a permanent magnet.

[0035] When the sensing block 633 is aligned with the first proximity sensor 631, the first proximity sensor 631 outputs a first detection signal: When the sensing block 633 is aligned with the second proximity sensor 632, the second proximity sensor 632 outputs a second detection signal. This implementation is selected in this embodiment to explain the working principle of the control component.

[0036] Thus, when the driving component drives the knife drum 3 to rotate, the knife drum 3 drives multiple fixed cutters 4 and multiple movable cutters 5 to rotate synchronously. When the knife drum 3 rotates to the point where the sensing block 633 on one of the fixed cutters 4 is aligned with the first proximity sensor 631, the controller controls the linear drive member 62 to work, and the linear drive member 62 drives the control cylinder 61 to slide axially along the knife cylinder 3 in the knife drum 3, so that the movable cutter 5 fixed on the control cylinder 61 is close to the fixed cutter 4 and fits with the fixed cutter 4. At this time, the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 form a cutting knife, which can cut a slit on the oil tea fruit directly below the knife drum 3 in the conveying channel 11 as the knife drum 3 continues to rotate.

[0037] When the knife barrel 3 continues to rotate until the sensing block 633 on the fixed cutter 4 is aligned with the second proximity sensor 632, the controller controls the linear drive member 62 to drive the control barrel 61 to drive the movable cutter 5 to instantly move away from the fixed cutter 4. At this time, the movable cutter 5 is away from the fixed cutter 4 and the slit can be expanded. Similarly, as the knife barrel 3 continues to rotate, when the sensing blocks 633 on different fixed cutters 4 correspond to the first proximity sensor 631 and the second proximity sensor 632 respectively, the control barrel 61 can be triggered to operate to achieve a single slitting and slitting operation, thereby ensuring the continuous cutting effect of the tea fruit continuously transported in the transport channel 11.

[0038] In another possible embodiment, referring to Figure 6In addition to the control cylinder 61, a control rod 641 fixedly mounted on the shelling table 1 is coaxially arranged in the control cylinder 61. The end of the knife cylinder 3 away from the control rod 641 is closed, and a plurality of compression springs 642 are arranged between the closed ends of the control cylinder 61 and the knife cylinder 3. When the control cylinder 61 moves to the point where the movable cutter 5 is in contact with the fixed cutter 4, the compression spring 642 is in a compressed state. A wedge block 643 arranged along the circular trajectory of the cross section of the control cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the control rod 641 close to the control cylinder 61. The wedge block 643 includes an inclined section 6431 and a horizontal section 6432. A plurality of push rods corresponding to the plurality of movable cutters 5 are fixedly connected to the end surface of the control cylinder 61 close to the control rod 641. 644. When the knife cylinder 3 rotates to the point where one of the push rods 644 on the control cylinder 61 conflicts with the inclined section 6431, as the knife cylinder 3 continues to rotate, the control cylinder 61 moves laterally inside the knife cylinder 3, so that the movable cutter 5 tends to approach the fixed cutter 4; and when the knife cylinder 3 rotates to the point where the push rod 644 on the control cylinder 61 conflicts with the horizontal section 6432, the movable cutter 5 fits against the fixed cutter 4; when the knife cylinder 3 rotates to the point where the push rod 644 on the control cylinder 61 just breaks away from the horizontal section 6432, the deformation force of the multiple compression springs 642 drives the control cylinder 61 to move laterally and reset, and makes the push rod 644 on the control cylinder 61 conflict with the end face of the control rod 641, at which time the movable cutter 5 is aligned with the fixed cutter 4.

[0039] Thus, through the rotation of the knife barrel 3 and the control barrel 61, when each movable cutter 5 and the fixed cutter 4 follow the knife barrel 3 to rotate to the point where the oil-tea fruit is about to be cut directly below the knife barrel 3, the control rod 641 on the control barrel 61 corresponding to the movable cutter 5 contacts the starting part of the horizontal section 6432 on the wedge 643, and the movable cutter 5 and the fixed cutter 4 fit together to form a cutting knife, so that the cutting knife can stably cut the oil-tea fruit during the sliding process of the control rod 641 on the horizontal section 6432; and when the oil-tea fruit is about to be completely cut by the cutting knife, the control rod 641 is separated from the horizontal section 6432, so that the control barrel 61 instantly drives the movable cutter 5 away from the fixed cutter 4 under the deformation force of the multiple compression springs 642 to complete the seam expansion operation. Such a setting can make the structure of the control component simple, the cost lower, and the response more sensitive and the control process more precise.

[0040] In addition, in order to ensure the cutting quality during the slitting process, on the one hand, the rotation direction of the knife barrel 3 is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. Figure 4 As shown in the direction indicated by the middle arrow, the cutting knife can cut the oil-tea fruit more stably and avoid the situation of incomplete cutting. On the other hand, the free ends of the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 are provided with an arc portion 41 extending away from the rotation direction of the knife barrel 3, thereby increasing the effective contact area between the cutting knife and the oil-tea fruit as much as possible, so as to extend the cutting length as much as possible and ensure the effective implementation of the seam expansion operation.

[0041] And, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The aforementioned slag cleaning components include a scraper 71 and a brush 72. The scraper 71 is fixed to the shelling table 1 and is located on the rotation path of the gap between the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5. The brush 72 is arranged at one end of the scraper 71 close to the knife barrel 3 and flexibly abuts against the outside of the knife barrel 3. The scraper 71 is provided with a tip on the side facing the rotation direction of the knife barrel 3. It is also necessary to clearly state that when the scraper 71 is embedded in the gap between one group of fixed cutters 4 and movable cutters 5, the remaining fixed cutters 4 and movable cutters 5 are not in the slitting operation state, so as to avoid interference between the multiple fixed cutters 4 and movable cutters 5 controlled synchronously in the slitting operation and the slitting cleaning operation.

[0042] In this way, after the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 complete the slitting and widening operations, as the knife barrel 3 continues to rotate, the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 rotate to the scraper 71, and the scraper 71 passes through the gap between the two relative to the two, so as to clean the fitting sides of the two to ensure that the two can fit tightly in the future; the brush 72 on the scraper 71 cleans the movable groove 31 on the knife barrel 3, and can also reduce the probability that the fixed cutter 4 and the movable cutter 5 cannot fit smoothly and tightly due to the presence of debris between the two.

[0043] In order to ensure the effective transportation of the tea fruit by the two conveyor belts 21 in the same group, Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a plurality of pressing airbags 81 corresponding to a plurality of conveyor belts 21 are fixedly connected to the shelling table 1, the pressing airbags 81 are located in the inner circle of the conveyor belt 21 and pressed against the inner side wall of the conveyor belt 21, and the pressing airbags 81 and the inner side wall of the conveyor belt 21 are slidingly arranged, for example, a smooth plate 82 is arranged between the two, and the smooth plate 82 is made of a material with a low friction coefficient such as ceramic, glass, stainless steel or PTFE. Therefore, the setting of the pressing airbags 81 can ensure the pressing force between the two conveyor belts 21, so as to stably clamp the oil tea fruit in the conveying channel 11 and convey it; at the same time, the pressing airbags 81 can also adaptively adjust the gap between the two conveyor belts 21, so as to meet the stable clamping of the oil tea fruit with a slight difference in fruit diameter among the same grade of tea fruit oil, so as to ensure the cutting effect of the upper cutting component and the lower cutting component.

[0044] At the same time, it can be further configured that: there is a speed difference between the conveying speeds of the two conveyor belts 21 on both sides of the conveying channel 11, so that the oil-tea fruit in the conveying channel 11 rotates to a certain extent when being conveyed. Therefore, when the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly are cutting the oil-tea fruit, the oil-tea fruit rotates to a certain extent along its vertical center axis, so that the cut of the cutting knife on the oil-tea fruit is curved, which can increase the actual length of the cut to a certain extent, and can also cut off the local fibers on the shell of the oil-tea fruit, and can also promote the subsequent separation quality of seeds and shells to a certain extent.

[0045] It should also be noted that the difference in conveying speed between the two conveyor belts 21 means that the rotation angle of the oil-tea fruit during the slitting operation shall not be greater than 90 degrees, so as not to affect the separation effect of the slitting on the oil-tea fruit shell.

[0046] The implementation principle of the integrated machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruit in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: After the tea fruits are picked, they pass through the grading mechanism and the drying mechanism in turn, and the tea fruits of different fruit diameters are sorted into different conveying channels 11. These tea fruits are clamped and conveyed by two conveyor belts 21 in the conveying channel 11, so that multiple tea fruits of the same level are arranged in a row in the conveying channel 11 and conveyed in sequence. When the tea fruits are conveyed between the upper cutting component and the lower cutting component, the knife drum 3 is driven to rotate by the driving component, so that one group of fixed cutters 4 thereon rotates to be aligned with the tea fruits just below the knife drum 3. Under the action of the control component, the corresponding movable cutter 5 is attached to the fixed cutter 4 to form a cutting knife. Therefore, as the knife drum 3 continues to rotate, the cutting knife can cut a slit on the shell of the tea fruit.

[0047] Then, as the knife drum 3 continues to rotate, the control component further drives the movable cutter 5 away from the fixed cutter 4, so that the two expand the cut seam in the process of moving away from each other, so that before the fixed cutter 4 is completely away from the tea fruit directly below it, the cutting and widening operations of the tea fruit can be completed; even if there are tea fruits with slightly smaller fruit diameters among the tea fruits of the same level after sorting, resulting in a shallower cut seam, the subsequent widening operation will significantly increase the destructive effect of the cut on the fruit shell, making it convenient for the fruit shell to crack from the cut seam and the widened seam when the shelling roller is peeling the fruit, thereby effectively ensuring the subsequent seed and shell breaking quality and the subsequent separation quality.

[0048] Moreover, as the knife barrel 3 continues to rotate, the separated fixed cutter 4 and movable cutter 5 can remove the residue that may be stuck between them when passing through the scraper 71 and the brush 72, so as not to affect the subsequent closing tightness of the two. In this way, continuous slitting and expanding of multiple oil-tea fruits in the conveying channel 11 can be achieved, so as to achieve efficient shelling of the shelling mechanism.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second", "third" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "One" or "one" and similar words do not indicate a quantitative limit, but indicate that there is at least one. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An all-in-one machine for grading, drying and shelling oil-tea fruit, comprising a grading mechanism, a drying mechanism, a shelling mechanism and a separation mechanism arranged in sequence, characterized in that: The shelling mechanism comprises a shelling platform (1) and a plurality of conveyor belts (21) arranged on the shelling platform (1); a gap between two adjacent conveyor belts (21) forms a tea fruit conveying channel (11); an inlet end of the conveying channel (11) is connected to an outlet end of the drying mechanism, and an outlet end is connected to an input end of the separation mechanism; an upper cutting assembly and a lower cutting assembly corresponding to the conveying channel (11) are respectively arranged above and below the shelling platform (1); The upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly both include: A knife cylinder (3) is rotatably disposed on the shelling platform (1), and its axial direction is orthogonal to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21); A plurality of fixed cutting knives (4) are provided and fixedly connected to the arc-surface outer peripheral wall of the knife barrel (3); A plurality of movable cutters (5) are provided and correspond one to one with the plurality of fixed cutters (4); the movable cutters (5) are movably arranged on the knife cylinder (3); when the movable cutters (5) and the fixed cutters (4) are tightly fitted together, they form a cutting knife for cutting the tea fruit in the conveying channel (11); The control component is configured to, when the knife barrel (3) rotates to the fixed cutter (4) to cut the tea fruit, first control the movable cutter (5) to fit with the fixed cutter (4) to cut a slit, and then control the movable cutter (5) to move away from the fixed cutter (4) to enlarge the slit; and A driving component is used to drive the knife cylinder (3) to rotate.

2. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The slag cleaning component is configured to clean the contacting side of the fixed cutter (4) and the movable cutter (5) when the knife cylinder (3) rotates until the fixed cutter (4) after cutting the oil-tea fruit is away from the conveying channel (11).

3. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component comprises: A control cylinder (61) is coaxially arranged in the knife cylinder (3); a plurality of movable cutters (5) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the control cylinder (61); a movable groove (31) for the movable cutters (5) to extend out is formed through a portion of the outer wall of the knife cylinder (3) corresponding to the fixed cutters (4); and the movable cutters (5) are slidably arranged in the movable groove (31); A linear drive member (62), an output end of which is rotationally connected to the control cylinder (61); The detection member is configured to: output a first detection signal before any of the fixed cutters (4) rotates to contact the closest tea fruit in the conveying channel (11), and output a second detection signal before the fixed cutter (4) rotates to be about to separate from the closest tea fruit; and; A controller is connected to the detection member and the linear drive member (62) and is configured to: upon receiving the first detection signal, control the linear drive member (62) to drive the control cylinder (61) to move so that the movable cutter (5) is in close contact with the fixed cutter (4); and upon receiving the second detection signal, control the linear drive member (62) to drive the control cylinder (61) to move so that the movable cutter (5) is away from the fixed cutter (4).

4. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection member is configured as an angle sensor, and outputs a first detection signal when the detection member detects that the knife cylinder (3) rotates to a first angle, and outputs a second detection signal when the detection member detects that the knife cylinder (3) rotates to a second angle.

5. The integrated machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruits according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection element comprises a first proximity sensor (631), a second proximity sensor (632) and a sensing block (633) used in conjunction with the first proximity sensor (631), a plurality of sensing blocks (633) corresponding to the plurality of fixed cutters (4) are mounted on the knife cylinder (3), the first proximity sensor (631) and the second proximity sensor (632) are mounted on the shelling table (1) on both sides of the axis of the knife cylinder (3), and the second proximity sensor (632) and the first proximity sensor (631) are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21); When the sensing block (633) is aligned with the first proximity sensor (631), the first proximity sensor (631) outputs a first detection signal: When the sensing block (633) is aligned with the second proximity sensor (632), the second proximity sensor (632) outputs a second detection signal.

6. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the knife cylinder (3) is opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21).

7. The integrated machine for grading, drying and shelling camellia fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free ends of the fixed cutter (4) and the movable cutter (5) are both provided with an arc portion (41) extending away from the rotation direction of the knife barrel (3).

8. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slag cleaning component comprises a scraper (71) and a brush (72); the scraper (71) is located on a rotation path of a gap between the fixed cutter (4) and the movable cutter (5); the brush (72) is arranged at one end of the scraper (71) close to the knife barrel (3) and flexibly abuts against the outside of the knife barrel (3); and a pointed end is arranged on the side of the scraper (71) facing the rotation direction of the knife barrel (3).

9. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A plurality of abutment airbags (81) corresponding one to one to the plurality of conveyor belts (21) are fixedly connected to the shelling table (1); the abutment airbags (81) are located in the inner circle of the conveyor belt (21) and abut against the inner side wall of the conveyor belt (21).

10. The oil-tea fruit grading, drying and shelling integrated machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: There is a speed difference between the conveying speeds of the two conveyor belts (21) on both sides of the conveying channel (11), so that the oil-tea camellia fruits in the conveying channel (11) rotate to a certain extent when being conveyed.

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