Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling raising, and discloses a camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device and method.The device comprises a support, annular frames are arranged in the support at equal intervals, seedling raising bags are arranged in the annular frames, and an arrangement assembly used for driving the annular frames to be arranged in a stepped mode is arranged on the support. According to the seedling raising bag cleaning device, when weeds in the seedling raising bags are cleaned, the heights of the seedling raising bags are sequentially reduced from left to right, the seedling raising bags are arranged in a step shape, seedlings in the adjacent seedling raising bags are not staggered, the situation that the seedlings and the weeds in the adjacent seedling raising bags interfere with each other during subsequent weed cleaning is avoided, cleaning operation is more convenient, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved. And the bottoms of the seedling raising bags can be supported while the seedling raising bags are arranged, so that the situation that the bottoms of the seedling raising bags are broken by falling cannot occur during subsequent weed cleaning, and weed cleaning can be better performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a camellia oil grafting seedling cultivation device and method. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera grafting is an important technical means to achieve variety improvement, increase yield and disease resistance, and is mainly divided into two methods: bud stock grafting and high-grafting replacement. Camellia oleifera grafting retains excellent traits through asexual reproduction, bud stock grafting is suitable for large-scale seedling cultivation, high-grafting replacement is used for low-yield forest transformation, and grafted camellia has both economic and ornamental value. The key lies in grasping the timing of grafting, the quality of the scion and meticulous management to improve the survival rate and quality of the seedlings. When cultivating the grafted seedlings, the seedlings need to be planted in seedling bags. Because the seedling bags are closely arranged, when dealing with weeds in the seedling bags, the seedlings and weeds in adjacent seedling bags are intertwined and interfere with each other, affecting the weed treatment operation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a tea oil grafting seedling raising device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for raising oil-tea camellia seedlings by grafting, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Prepare the seedbed: select the nursery, clear the shrubs, weeds and stones within the nursery, level the site and lay out the seedling raising device;

[0007] S2 seedling stock cultivation: select seeds with large and full grains, no mildew, no shriveling, no insect pests, and good purity. Before sowing, soak the seeds in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 0.5h, pour out the solution and cover for 1h, rinse with clean water, spread out and dry in the shade, choose a clean ground in the nursery to set up a sand bed, ensure good drainage of the site, the sand bed size is 1.1-1.2m wide and 25-35cm high, lay a 10cm thick layer of wet sand on the bottom, spread the disinfected seeds on the wet sand to avoid overlapping, and then cover with a 10cm thick layer of wet sand. Thick wet sand, covered with film, ensure that the humidity inside the film is controlled at 60%-70%, and use medium-coarse sand and other better materials with good air permeability and strong moisture retention for sand storage and germination. This treatment method not only effectively reduces the mildew rate of seeds, reduces the problem of seed rot caused by excessive humidity or poor air permeability, but also significantly improves the germination rate of seeds, allowing more seeds to germinate smoothly. At the same time, the length of the radicle has also been increased, laying a solid foundation for subsequent grafting work and ensuring the success rate and quality of seedlings of Camellia oleifera bud rootstock grafting seedlings;

[0008] S3 Collection and processing of cuttings: Select healthy and pest-free varieties from designated oil-tea seedling nurseries. Cuttings should be semi-lignified branches of the current year with full buds and free of pests and diseases. After collection, wrap them with wet towels and store them in a cool place. Cuttings should not be stored for more than 3 days.

[0009] S4 grafting: Dig up the germinated rootstock seedlings from the sand bed with your hands or a shovel, put them into a bamboo basket, rinse the sand off the rootstock with clean water, soak them in 500 times thiophanate-methyl for 10 minutes, drain the water and send them to the operation room. Be careful not to touch the cotyledons on the rootstock and damage the roots when removing the rootstock; Place the cleaned and dried rootstock on the operating table, disinfect the grafting knife with 75% alcohol, cut the hypocotyl 2.0-2.5cm above the cotyledons of the bud rootstock, and cut 1.0cm-1.5cm vertically from top to bottom along the central axis of the hypocotyl. Keep about 5cm of the root of the bud seedling, cut off the excess root of the bud seedling, and the remaining 6-7cm of the root of the bud seedling can also be used as the rootstock; Select the rootstock with full leaf buds Or the bud of the terminal bud, cut at 0.5cm below the bud on both sides, cut into two inclined surfaces with a length of 0.5-0.8cm, and then cut at 0.2-0.3cm above the bud tip to form a scion. The leaves on the scion can be kept or cut off in half. The cut scion is placed in the pot for use. It is best to use it as soon as it is cut. It cannot be parked for too long. The scion is inserted into the incision of the rootstock, and the interface is wrapped with the prepared aluminum foil. The grafted seedlings are placed in a cool place for planting, covered with a wet cloth to avoid sunlight. Each root segment is successfully grafted with 2-3 scions, and one seed is used to cultivate 2-3 seedlings, and the seedling raising efficiency is greatly improved.

[0010] S5 Planting: Plant the grafted seedlings into the prepared nutrient pots in time, one plant per pot, and compact them appropriately to make the root system closely combined with the substrate. Plant them properly and firmly, and use a watering can to water them thoroughly to allow them to take root. The planting depth should be such that the grafting point of the grafted seedlings is just exposed outside the substrate.

[0011] S5 post-grafting management:

[0012] (1) Temperature control and moisturizing

[0013] By spraying water in the morning and evening to cool down, the temperature in the shade shed is controlled at around 26-28℃ and the humidity is controlled at around 80% to ensure the healing and renewal growth of the grafted seedlings;

[0014] (2) Pest and disease control

[0015] The main common diseases and pests of tea buds are tea soft rot, tea root rot, tea green leafhopper, etc. Targeted prevention and control methods are formulated for different diseases and pests. The detailed methods are as follows:

[0016] Camellia oleifera soft rot, also known as leaf blight, mainly harms the leaves of Camellia oleifera, causing soft rot and leaf fall. The main symptoms are yellow spots in the middle and tip of the leaves that expand rapidly. It is especially prone to occur when the humidity is high and the temperature is between 15-25℃. Prevention and control methods: When the disease occurs, spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100-300 times diluted or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000-1500 times diluted, each time at intervals of 10d-15d; at the same time, promptly remove diseased plants, sprouting branches, drooping branches, weeds, etc.

[0017] Camellia oleifera root rot, also known as white rot, mainly occurs at the base of the stem or rhizome of seedlings close to the ground surface. Dark brown spots appear in the cortex at the beginning, and then expand into blocky rot spots. It usually starts to occur in early June, and the temperature rises in July and August, which is the peak period of the disease. Prevention and control methods: In the early stage of the disease, irrigate the roots of the seedlings with 1% copper sulfate solution or 1000-2000 times diluted 30% thiophanate-methyl or 400 times diluted 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 20% quicklime water;

[0018] Tea green leafhoppers mainly rely on sucking the juice of tender buds and leaves, consuming nutrients and water. The edges of the affected buds and leaves turn yellow and scorched, the veins turn red, the growth stops, the leaves harden, and even fall off. Control methods: 25% can be used during the nymph stage 1000-1500 times dilution of oxathiapiprolin wettable powder or 1500 times dilution of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder;

[0019] (3) Remove sprouts and buds

[0020] 40 days after the oil-tea seedlings are planted, the interface begins to heal, and some sprouts will grow on the rootstock. The sprouts should be cut off and the film should be covered again. At the same time, during the film-covered cultivation period, weeds will grow on the seedbed, which should be removed in time. Weeding should be done every 20 days, and the flower buds on the scion should be removed in time in the later stage.

[0021] (4) Watering, weeding and fertilizing

[0022] The container seedlings should neither be waterlogged nor lack water. If water shortage is found, spray them in time. When removing sprouts and weeds, water should be added every time the film is opened. The amount of water sprayed depends on the soil moisture of the seedbed and container. Water less in the early stage and more in the later stage. Place a temperature and humidity monitor in the seedbed to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 80% and the temperature is between 26-28℃.

[0023] 60 days after planting, apply urea and compound fertilizer 1:1 mixture twice at an interval of about 15 days, with a concentration of 0.4%-0.5%; fertilization should be carried out before 10 am and after 4 pm on sunny or cloudy days;

[0024] (5) Laminating and peeling off the film

[0025] Film covering: After grafting is completed, plant the seedlings in containers and cover them with film to keep them warm and moist;

[0026] Removing the film: By September, the root system of the seedlings is well developed, the seedlings have reached a certain height, the temperature has dropped, and evaporation has decreased. At this time, the two ends of the film cover can be removed, and the film can be completely removed after 2-3 days; in October, the temperature drops, the light weakens, and the shade shed can be removed.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a tea oil grafting seedling raising device, comprising a bracket, wherein ring frames are equidistantly arranged inside the bracket, seedling raising bags are arranged inside the ring frames, and an arrangement component for driving multiple ring frames to be arranged in a stepped manner is provided on the bracket; the arrangement component comprises: a vertical plate, a connecting plate, a sliding block, and a driving component for driving the sliding block to rise; the multiple ring frames are arranged in sequence from left to right, the vertical plate is fixedly installed on the right side of the ring frames except the rightmost ring frame, the sliding block is fixedly installed on the left side of the leftmost ring frame, the connecting plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the ring frames except the leftmost ring frame, and a vertical groove is provided on the side of the vertical plate close to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is slidably installed in the vertical groove.

[0028] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes: a screw rod, a carrier plate, a rotating rod, a sprocket, a chain belt, and a handle; a movable groove is opened on the side of the bracket close to the ring frame, the screw rod is rotatably installed in the movable groove, the slider is threadedly sleeved outside the screw rod, the top of the screw rod extends outside the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket, the rotating rod is rotatably installed on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod and the screw rod, the two sprockets are connected by a chain belt, and the handle is fixedly installed on the top of the sprocket above the carrier plate.

[0029] Furthermore, a support plate is symmetrically arranged outside the vertical plate, and a transmission component is arranged outside the vertical plate for driving the support plate to move to the bottom of the seedling bag to support the seedling bag.

[0030] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes: a mounting frame, a rotating shaft, a torsion spring, a swing arm, a cross bar, a limit block, a limit rod, and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; there are two mounting frames and they are fixedly mounted on both sides of the vertical plate respectively, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in the mounting frame, the swing arm is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the mounting frame, the torsion spring is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft, the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting frame, the limit rod is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the swing arm away from the seedling bag, the cross bar is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the swing arm, the cross bar is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the limit block is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cross bar on the side close to the swing arm.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes: gears, vertical rods, and teeth; there are two vertical rods and they are symmetrically fixed on the bracket, a pair of the vertical rods are located on both sides of the seedling bag, there are multiple teeth and they are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods, and the gear is fixedly mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft.

[0032] Furthermore, the heights of the multiple groups of teeth on the vertical rod decrease from left to right.

[0033] Furthermore, the seedling raising bag is made of non-woven fabric, and the seedling raising bag is fixedly connected to the ring frame by bolts.

[0034] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0035] 1. The present invention can realize that when cleaning the weeds in the seedling bags, the heights of the multiple seedling bags are successively reduced from left to right and arranged in a stepped manner, so that there is no staggering between the seedlings in adjacent seedling bags. When the weeds are subsequently cleaned, the seedlings and weeds in the adjacent seedling bags will not interfere with each other, making it easier to carry out the cleaning operation;

[0036] 2. The present invention can support the bottom of the seedling bags while arranging the seedling bags, so that when weeds are subsequently cleaned, the bottom of the seedling bags will not be broken, so that the weeds can be cleaned better.

[0037] 3. The present invention greatly improves the survival rate and seedling quality of oil tea cultivation through the application of oil tea seedling rootstock grafting technology, and can quickly meet the qualified seedling standards. At the same time, centralized grafting can effectively reduce labor costs, and successfully achieves the segmented grafting of 2-3 scions on each root segment, and cultivates 2-3 seedlings from one seed, and greatly improves the seedling cultivation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the oil-tea grafting seedling raising device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the oil-tea grafting seedling raising device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the oil-tea grafting seedling raising device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 ;

[0042] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 4The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a camellia grafting seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of tea seedling stock cultivated in different substrate sands according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of seedlings after inlay grafting according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Fig.10 Schematic diagram showing one seed cultivating 2-3 seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0048] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. ring frame; 3. seedling bag; 4. bolt; 5. vertical plate; 6. connecting plate; 7. slider; 8. screw rod; 9. rotating rod; 10. sprocket; 11. chain belt; 12. handle; 13. support plate; 14. mounting frame; 15. rotating shaft; 16. torsion spring; 17. swing arm; 18. cross bar; 19. limit block; 20. limit rod; 21. gear; 22. vertical rod; 23. teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0050] The invention discloses a method for raising oil-tea camellia seedlings by grafting. Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1. Prepare the seedbed: select the nursery, clear the shrubs, weeds and stones within the nursery, level the site and lay out the seedling raising device;

[0052] S2 seedling stock cultivation: select seeds with large and full grains, no mildew, no shriveling, no insect pests, and good purity. Before sowing, soak the seeds in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 0.5h, pour out the solution and cover for 1h, rinse with clean water, spread out and dry in the shade, choose a clean ground in the nursery to set up a sand bed, ensure good drainage of the site, the sand bed size is 1.1-1.2m wide and 25-35cm high, lay a 10cm thick layer of wet sand on the bottom, spread the disinfected seeds on the wet sand to avoid overlapping, and then cover with a 10cm thick layer of wet sand. Thick wet sand, covered with film, ensure that the humidity inside the film is controlled at 60%-70%, and use medium-coarse sand and other better materials with good air permeability and strong moisture retention for sand storage and germination. This treatment method not only effectively reduces the mildew rate of seeds, reduces the problem of seed rot caused by excessive humidity or poor air permeability, but also significantly improves the germination rate of seeds, allowing more seeds to germinate smoothly. At the same time, the length of the radicle has also been increased, laying a solid foundation for subsequent grafting work and ensuring the success rate and quality of seedlings of Camellia oleifera bud rootstock grafting seedlings;

[0053] S3 Collection and processing of cuttings: Select healthy and pest-free varieties from designated oil-tea seedling nurseries. Cuttings should be semi-lignified branches of the current year with full buds and free of pests and diseases. After collection, wrap them with wet towels and store them in a cool place. Cuttings should not be stored for more than 3 days.

[0054] S4 grafting: Dig up the germinated rootstock seedlings from the sand bed with your hands or a shovel, put them into a bamboo basket, rinse the sand off the rootstock with clean water, soak them in 500 times thiophanate-methyl for 10 minutes, drain the water and send them to the operation room. Be careful not to touch the cotyledons on the rootstock and damage the roots when removing the rootstock; Place the cleaned and dried rootstock on the operating table, disinfect the grafting knife with 75% alcohol, cut the hypocotyl 2.0-2.5cm above the cotyledons of the bud rootstock, and cut 1.0cm-1.5cm vertically from top to bottom along the central axis of the hypocotyl. Keep about 5cm of the root of the bud seedling, cut off the excess root of the bud seedling, and the remaining 6-7cm of the root of the bud seedling can also be used as the rootstock; Select the rootstock with full leaf buds Or the bud of the terminal bud, cut at 0.5cm below the bud on both sides, cut into two inclined surfaces with a length of 0.5-0.8cm, and then cut at 0.2-0.3cm above the bud tip to form a scion. The leaves on the scion can be kept or cut off in half. The cut scion is placed in the pot for use. It is best to use it as soon as it is cut. It cannot be parked for too long. The scion is inserted into the incision of the rootstock, and the interface is wrapped with the prepared aluminum foil. The grafted seedlings are placed in a cool place for planting, covered with a wet cloth to avoid sunlight. Each root segment is successfully grafted with 2-3 scions, and one seed is used to cultivate 2-3 seedlings, and the seedling raising efficiency is greatly improved.

[0055] S5 Planting: Plant the grafted seedlings into the prepared nutrient pots in time, one plant per pot, and compact them appropriately to make the root system closely combined with the substrate. Plant them properly and firmly, and use a watering can to water them thoroughly to allow them to take root. The planting depth should be such that the grafting point of the grafted seedlings is just exposed outside the substrate.

[0056] S5 post-grafting management:

[0057] (1) Temperature control and moisturizing

[0058] By spraying water in the morning and evening to cool down, the temperature in the shade shed is controlled at around 26-28℃ and the humidity is controlled at around 80% to ensure the healing and renewal growth of the grafted seedlings;

[0059] (2) Pest and disease control

[0060] The main common diseases and pests of tea buds are tea soft rot, tea root rot, tea green leafhopper, etc. Targeted prevention and control methods are formulated for different diseases and pests. The detailed methods are as follows:

[0061] Camellia oleifera soft rot, also known as leaf blight, mainly harms the leaves of Camellia oleifera, causing soft rot and leaf fall. The main symptoms are yellow spots in the middle and tip of the leaves that expand rapidly. It is especially prone to occur when the humidity is high and the temperature is between 15-25℃. Prevention and control methods: When the disease occurs, spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100-300 times diluted or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000-1500 times diluted, each time at intervals of 10d-15d; at the same time, promptly remove diseased plants, sprouting branches, drooping branches, weeds, etc.

[0062] Camellia oleifera root rot, also known as white rot, mainly occurs at the base of the stem or rhizome of seedlings close to the ground surface. Dark brown spots appear in the cortex at the beginning, and then expand into blocky rot spots. It usually starts to occur in early June, and the temperature rises in July and August, which is the peak period of the disease. Prevention and control methods: In the early stage of the disease, irrigate the roots of the seedlings with 1% copper sulfate solution or 1000-2000 times diluted 30% thiophanate-methyl or 400 times diluted 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 20% quicklime water;

[0063] Tea green leafhoppers mainly rely on sucking the juice of tender buds and leaves, consuming nutrients and water. The edges of the affected buds and leaves turn yellow and scorched, the veins turn red, the growth stops, the leaves harden, and even fall off. Control methods: 25% can be used during the nymph stage 1000-1500 times dilution of oxathiapiprolin wettable powder or 1500 times dilution of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder;

[0064] (3) Remove sprouts and buds

[0065] 40 days after the oil-tea seedlings are planted, the interface begins to heal, and some sprouts will grow on the rootstock. The sprouts should be cut off and the film should be covered again. At the same time, during the film-covered cultivation period, weeds will grow on the seedbed, which should be removed in time. Weeding should be done every 20 days, and the flower buds on the scion should be removed in time in the later stage.

[0066] (4) Watering, weeding and fertilizing

[0067] The container seedlings should neither be waterlogged nor lack water. If water shortage is found, spray them in time. When removing sprouts and weeds, water should be added every time the film is opened. The amount of water sprayed depends on the soil moisture of the seedbed and container. Water less in the early stage and more in the later stage. Place a temperature and humidity monitor in the seedbed to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 80% and the temperature is between 26-28℃.

[0068] 60 days after planting, apply urea and compound fertilizer 1:1 mixture twice at an interval of about 15 days, with a concentration of 0.4%-0.5%; fertilization should be carried out before 10 am and after 4 pm on sunny or cloudy days;

[0069] (5) Laminating and peeling off the film

[0070] Film covering: After grafting is completed, plant the seedlings in containers and cover them with film to keep them warm and moist;

[0071] Removing the film: By September, the root system of the seedlings is well developed, the seedlings have reached a certain height, the temperature has dropped, and evaporation has decreased. At this time, the two ends of the film cover can be removed, and the film can be completely removed after 2-3 days; in October, the temperature drops, the light weakens, and the shade shed can be removed.

[0072] The present invention also provides a tea seedling grafting and raising device, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes a bracket 1, inside of which ring frames 2 are equidistantly arranged, inside of which seedling bags 3 are arranged, and on the bracket 1 is an arrangement component for driving multiple ring frames 2 to be arranged in a stepped manner; the arrangement component includes: a vertical plate 5, a connecting plate 6, a sliding block 7, and a driving component for driving the sliding block 7 to rise; multiple ring frames 2 are arranged in sequence from left to right, the vertical plate 5 is fixedly installed on the right side of the ring frames 2 except the rightmost ring frame 2, the sliding block 7 is fixedly installed on the left side of the leftmost ring frame 2, the connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed on the left side of the ring frames 2 except the leftmost ring frame 2, and a vertical groove is provided on the side of the vertical plate 5 close to the connecting plate 6, and the connecting plate 6 is slidably installed in the vertical groove.

[0073] When in use, the grafted seedlings are planted in the seedling bag 3. When it is necessary to trim the weeds around the seedlings in the seedling bag 3, the driving assembly drives the slider 7 to rise, and the slider 7 rises with the connected leftmost ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5. When the vertical plate 5 rises, the vertical groove and the adjacent connecting plate 6 slide relative to each other. When the bottom wall of the vertical groove conflicts with the adjacent connecting plate 6, the vertical plate 5 continues to rise, so that the adjacent connecting plate 6, the ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5 rise. According to the above principle, when the bottom wall of the vertical groove of the vertical plate 5 After the wall collides with the next adjacent connecting plate 6, it will carry the next adjacent connecting plate 6, the ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5 to rise, and finally the remaining seedling bags 3 except the rightmost seedling bag 3 can be raised in sequence. Finally, the heights of multiple seedling bags 3 decrease from left to right and are arranged in a stepped manner, so that there is no interlacing between the seedlings in adjacent seedling bags 3. When cleaning the weeds later, the seedlings and weeds in adjacent seedling bags 3 will not interfere with each other, making it easier to carry out the cleaning operation.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, the driving assembly includes: a screw rod 8, a carrier plate, a rotating rod 9, a sprocket 10, a chain belt 11, and a handle 12; a movable groove is opened on the side of the bracket 1 close to the ring frame 2, the screw rod 8 is rotatably installed in the movable groove, the slider 7 is threadedly sleeved outside the screw rod 8, the top of the screw rod 8 extends to the outside of the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket 1, the rotating rod 9 is rotatably installed on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod 9 and the screw rod 8, the two sprockets 10 are connected by a chain belt 11, and the handle 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the sprocket 10 above the carrier plate.

[0075] The forward rotation of the handle 12 causes the connected sprocket 10 to rotate, and then cooperates with the chain belt 11 to rotate another sprocket 10, so that the screw rod 8 rotates forward, and the screw rod 8 drives the slider 7 to rise, thereby driving the slider 7. Conversely, reversing the handle 12 can realize the lowering of the slider 7.

[0076] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a support plate 13 is symmetrically arranged outside the vertical plate 5 , and a transmission assembly is arranged outside the vertical plate 5 for driving the support plate 13 to move to the bottom of the seedling bag 3 to support the seedling bag 3 .

[0077] Since multiple seedling bags 3 are in a suspended state, the bottoms of the seedling bags 3 leave the ground and cannot be supported. When the weeds in the seedling bags 3 are pulled out during the cleaning operation, the seedling bags 3 will shake, and the bottoms of the seedling bags 3 may be easily broken by the soil. Therefore, while the seedling bags 3 are rising, the two support plates 13 are driven by the transmission assembly to rotate to the bottom of the seedling bags 3 to support the bottom of the seedling bags 3, so that when the weeds are subsequently cleaned, the bottoms of the seedling bags 3 will not be broken, so that the weeds can be cleaned better.

[0078] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the transmission assembly includes: a mounting frame 14, a rotating shaft 15, a torsion spring 16, a swing arm 17, a cross bar 18, a limit block 19, a limit rod 20, and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft 15 to rotate; there are two mounting frames 14 and they are fixedly mounted on both sides of the vertical plate 5 respectively, the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably mounted in the mounting frame 14, the swing arm 17 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 15, one end of the rotating shaft 15 extends to the outside of the mounting frame 14, the torsion spring 16 is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 15, and the two ends of the torsion spring 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 15 and the mounting frame 14, the limit rod 20 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the swing arm 17 away from the seedling bag 3, the cross bar 18 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the swing arm 17, the cross bar 18 is fixedly connected to the support plate 13, and the limit block 19 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cross bar 18 close to the side of the swing arm 17.

[0079] When the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 rise, the torsion force of the torsion spring 16 maintains the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 in a stationary state, and then the rotating assembly drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate downward with the swing arm 17, the cross bar 18, the support plate 13, the limit rod 20, and the limit block 19. The rotating shaft 15 twists the torsion spring 16 to make it twist and deform. During the rotation of the swing arm 17, due to gravity, the support plate 13 is in a vertical state. When the swing arm 17 rotates to the horizontal, the limit rod 20 conflicts with the limit block 19. At this time, the swing arm 17 is perpendicular to the support plate 13. As the swing arm 17 continues to rotate, the limit rod 20 cooperates with the limit block 19 to prevent the swing arm 17 from rotating. 0 rotates against the limit block 19, the cross bar 18, and the support plate 13, and finally the support plate 13 rotates to the bottom of the seedling bag 3. At this time, due to the interference between the limit rod 20 and the limit block 19, the support plate 13 cannot rotate downward, and the support for the bottom of the seedling bag 3 is maintained. When the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 are lowered and reset, the rotating assembly drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate and reset, and the torsion spring 16 is reset. In the subsequent descending process, the torsion force of the torsion spring 16 maintains the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 in a static state. At this time, the support plate 13 is reset and retracted, and is in a vertical state under the action of gravity, and is inserted into the soil as the vertical plate 5 is reset.

[0080] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the rotating assembly includes: a gear 21, a vertical rod 22, and teeth 23;

[0081] There are two vertical rods 22 and they are symmetrically fixed on the bracket 1 . A pair of vertical rods 22 are located on both sides of the seedling bag 3 . There are multiple teeth 23 and they are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods 22 . The gear 21 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft 15 .

[0082] The rotating shaft 15 moves up with the gear 21 . After the gear 21 moves up to mesh with the teeth 23 , the gear 21 rolls along the teeth 23 to rotate with the rotating shaft 15 , thereby driving the rotating shaft 15 .

[0083] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the heights of the multiple groups of teeth 23 on the vertical rod 22 decrease from left to right.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, the seedling bag 3 is made of non-woven fabric, and the seedling bag 3 is fixedly connected to the ring frame 2 by bolts 4.

[0085] By removing the bolts 4, the seedling raising bag 3 can be separated from the ring frame 2, and it is also convenient to install the seedling raising bag 3 and the ring frame 2.

[0086] Working principle: when in use, plant the grafted seedlings in the seedling bag 3. When it is necessary to trim the weeds around the seedlings in the seedling bag 3, turn the handle 12 forward to rotate it with the connected sprocket 10, and then cooperate with the chain belt 11 to rotate another sprocket 10, so that the screw rod 8 rotates forward, and the screw rod 8 drives the slider 7 to rise. The slider 7 raises the connected leftmost ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5. When the vertical plate 5 rises, the vertical groove slides relative to the adjacent connecting plate 6. When the bottom wall of the vertical groove contacts the adjacent connecting plate 6, as the vertical plate 5 continues to rise, the adjacent connecting plate 6, the ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5 rise. According to the same principle, when the vertical plate 5 After the bottom wall of the vertical groove collides with the next adjacent connecting plate 6, it will lift up with the next adjacent connecting plate 6, the ring frame 2, the seedling bag 3, and the vertical plate 5, and finally the rest of the seedling bags 3 except the rightmost seedling bag 3 can be lifted up in sequence. Finally, the heights of the multiple seedling bags 3 decrease from left to right in sequence and are arranged in a stepped manner, so that there is no staggering between the seedlings in the adjacent seedling bags 3. When weeds are cleaned later, the seedlings and weeds in the adjacent seedling bags 3 will not interfere with each other, making it easier to carry out the cleaning operation. Because the multiple seedling bags 3 are in a suspended state, the bottoms of the seedling bags 3 leave the ground and cannot be supported. When the cleaning operation is carried out, the seedling bags 3 When the weeds inside are pulled out, the seedling bag 3 will shake, and the bottom of the seedling bag 3 is prone to be broken by the soil. Therefore, when the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 rise, the torsion force of the torsion spring 16 maintains the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 in a stationary state, and the vertical plate 5 rises with the mounting frame 14 and the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 rises with the gear 21. After the gear 21 rises and meshes with the teeth 23, the gear 21 rolls along the teeth 23 and rotates with the rotating shaft 15, thereby rotating the swing arm 17, the cross bar 18, the support plate 13, the limit rod 20, and the limit block 19 downward, and the rotating shaft 15 twists the torsion spring 16 to make it twist and deform. During the rotation of the swing arm 17, Due to gravity, the support plate 13 is in a vertical state. When the swing arm 17 rotates to the horizontal, the limit rod 20 conflicts with the limit block 19. At this time, the swing arm 17 is perpendicular to the support plate 13. As the swing arm 17 continues to rotate, the limit rod 20 is matched with the limit block 19, the cross bar 18, and the support plate 13 to rotate. Finally, the support plate 13 rotates to the bottom of the seedling bag 3. At this time, due to the conflict between the limit rod 20 and the limit block 19, the support plate 13 cannot rotate downward, and the support for the bottom of the seedling bag 3 is maintained, so that when the weeds are cleaned later, the bottom of the seedling bag 3 will not be broken, so that the weeds can be cleaned better.After the cleaning is completed, the handle 12 is reversed to realize the descent of the slider 7, and vice versa, the descent of multiple seedling bags 3 and the vertical board 5 is realized. When the seedling bags 3 and the vertical board 5 are lowered and reset, the gear 21 rotates along the teeth 23 to make the rotating shaft 15 rotate and reset, so that the support plate 13 leaves the bottom of the seedling bag 3 and finally resets. In the subsequent descent process, the torsion of the torsion spring 16 maintains the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 in a static state. At this time, the support plate 13 is reset and retracted, and is in a vertical state under the action of gravity. With the reset of the vertical board 5 and the insertion into the soil, the bottom of the seedling bag 3 is finally in contact with the soil. The contact with the soil can balance the temperature fluctuation in the bag, avoid overheating of the bottom in summer, and reduce the risk of root frostbite in winter. The soil moisture can also continuously transport water vapor into the bag through capillary action to maintain a suitable wet environment for the root system, so as to better carry out seedling cultivation. ;

[0087] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A method for raising oil-tea camellia seedlings by grafting, characterized in that: The seedling raising method comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the seedbed: select the nursery, clear the shrubs, weeds and stones within the nursery, level the site and lay out the seedling raising device; S2 seedling stock cultivation: select seeds, soak them in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 0.5h before sowing, pour out the solution and cover for 1h, rinse with clean water, spread out to dry in the shade, select a clean ground in the nursery to set up a sand bed, ensure that the site is well drained, the sand bed size is 1.1-1.2m wide and 25-35cm high, lay a 10cm thick layer of wet sand on the bottom, spread the sterilized seeds on the wet sand to avoid overlapping, and then cover with a 10cm thick layer of wet sand, cover with a film, and ensure that the humidity in the film is controlled at 60%-70%; S3 Collection and processing of cuttings: Select healthy and pest-free varieties from designated oil-tea seedling nurseries. Cuttings should be semi-lignified branches of the current year with full buds and free of pests and diseases. After collection, wrap them with wet towels and store them in a cool place. Cuttings should not be stored for more than 3 days. S4 grafting: grafting scions and seedlings by removing the rootstock, washing the rootstock, disinfecting, breaking the rootstock, splitting the rootstock, cutting the scion and inlaying. Each root segment is grafted with 2-3 scions, and one seed is used to cultivate 2-3 seedlings. S5 Planting: Plant the grafted seedlings into the prepared nutrient pots in time, one plant per pot, and compact them appropriately to make the root system closely combined with the substrate. Plant them properly and firmly, and use a watering can to water them thoroughly to allow them to take root. The planting depth should be such that the grafting point of the grafted seedlings is just exposed outside the substrate. S5 Post-grafting management: The planted seedlings are managed by temperature control, moisture retention, pest control, sprout removal, bud removal, watering, weeding, topdressing, film covering and film removal to obtain grafted seedlings; The seedling raising device comprises a support (1), wherein ring frames (2) are equidistantly arranged inside the support (1), and seedling raising bags (3) are arranged inside the ring frames (2); an arrangement component for driving a plurality of ring frames (2) to be arranged in a stepped manner is provided on the support (1); the arrangement component comprises: a vertical plate (5), a connecting plate (6), a sliding block (7), and a driving component for driving the sliding block (7) to rise; the plurality of ring frames (2) are arranged in sequence from left to right, the vertical plate (5) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the ring frames (2) except the rightmost ring frame (2), the sliding block (7) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the leftmost ring frame (2), the connecting plate (6) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the ring frames (2) except the leftmost ring frame (2), a vertical groove is provided on a side of the vertical plate (5) close to the connecting plate (6), and the connecting plate (6) is slidably mounted in the vertical groove.

2. A Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device, applied to the Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises: a screw rod (8), a carrier plate, a rotating rod (9), a sprocket wheel (10), a chain belt (11), and a handle (12); a movable groove is provided on a side of the bracket (1) close to the ring frame (2), the screw rod (8) is rotatably mounted in the movable groove, the slider (7) is threadedly sleeved outside the screw rod (8), the top of the screw rod (8) extends outside the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the bracket (1), the rotating rod (9) is rotatably mounted on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket wheel (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating rod (9) and the screw rod (8), the two sprocket wheels (10) are connected by a chain belt (11), and the handle (12) is fixedly mounted on the top of the sprocket wheel (10) above the carrier plate.

3. The oil-tea camellia grafting seedling raising device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support plate (13) is symmetrically arranged outside the vertical plate (5), and a transmission assembly is arranged outside the vertical plate (5) for driving the support plate (13) to move to the bottom of the seedling bag (3) to support the seedling bag (3).

4. The oil-tea camellia grafting seedling raising device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises: a mounting frame (14), a rotating shaft (15), a torsion spring (16), a swing arm (17), a cross bar (18), a limit block (19), a limit rod (20), and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft (15) to rotate; the mounting frames (14) are two in number and are respectively fixedly mounted on two sides of the vertical plate (5); the rotating shaft (15) is rotatably mounted in the mounting frame (14); the swing arm (17) is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft (15); one end of the rotating shaft (15) extends to the mounting frame (14); 14), the torsion spring (16) is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft (15), the two ends of the torsion spring (16) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (15) and the mounting frame (14), the limiting rod (20) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing arm (17) away from the seedling bag (3), the cross bar (18) is rotatably installed on the upper part of the swing arm (17), the cross bar (18) is fixedly connected to the support plate (13), and the limiting block (19) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cross bar (18) close to the swing arm (17).

5. The oil-tea camellia grafting seedling raising device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises: a gear (21), a vertical rod (22), and teeth (23); the vertical rods (22) are two in number and are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the bracket (1); a pair of the vertical rods (22) are located on both sides of the seedling bag (3); the teeth (23) are multiple and are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods (22); and the gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft (15).

6. The oil-tea camellia grafting seedling raising device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heights of the multiple groups of teeth (23) on the vertical rod (22) decrease from left to right.

7. The oil-tea camellia grafting seedling raising device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seedling raising bag (3) is made of non-woven fabric, and the seedling raising bag (3) is fixedly connected to the ring frame (2) via bolts (4).

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