Temperature adjustment and microclimate management system and cold and warm surface system for patient support device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a surface and assist system for patient thermoregulation and microclimate management, including a surface assembly including an outer cover and a spacer material. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing. The air blower is arranged in the shell. The flow rate valve is operably coupled to the blower outlet of the blower. The flow rate valve is configured to adjust a blowing flow rate of the blower. A controller is communicatively coupled with the blower and the flow rate valve. The controller is configured to adjust at least one of a running speed of the blower and a flow limiting setting of the flow rate valve to selectively utilize the blower to guide airflow through the surface assembly to generate a cooling effect and a heating effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to a temperature control and microclimate management system and a cold and warm surface system, and more particularly to a temperature control surface auxiliary system for a patient support device that can use wind flow to produce warming and cooling effects. Background Art

[0002] Patients in healthcare facilities and hospitals may be treated for different conditions. Different conditions may be treated separately or together. Treatment for these conditions may include cooling or warming the patient. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a thermostatic and microclimate management surface system for a patient support device includes a surface assembly, the surface assembly including an outer cover having an inlet and an outlet and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the inlet. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed in the housing. The blower is configured to direct air through the spacer material via the inlet. A controller is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly. The controller is configured to start the blower at a first operating speed to direct air through the surface assembly to produce a cooling effect. The controller is also configured to produce a warming effect through the surface assembly. To produce the warming effect, the controller is configured to: adjust the blower to a higher second operating speed to generate heat and warm air in the housing so that the blower inhales the hot air and directs the hot air through the surface assembly; use a flow rate valve to limit the air supply flow rate of the blower to generate heat in the housing and cause the blower to direct the hot air through the surface assembly; or recirculate the hot air blown off the outlet of the surface assembly to the pneumatic assembly for the blower to redirect the hot air through the surface assembly.

[0004] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a cold and warm surface system includes a surface assembly, which includes an outer cover and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. The pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing. The blower is disposed in the housing, and the blower has an air inlet and an air supply port. The flow rate valve is operably coupled to the air supply port of the blower. The flow rate valve is configured to adjust the air supply flow rate of the blower. The controller is communicatively coupled to the blower and the flow rate valve. The controller is configured to: adjust the flow rate valve to a first flow limiting setting to produce a cooling effect by directing air flow through the surface assembly by the blower; and adjust the flow rate valve to a second flow limiting setting to produce a warming effect by directing hot air flow through the surface assembly by the blower. The second flow limiting setting is higher than the first flow limiting setting so as to strengthen the restriction of the air supply flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat for the blower to capture and producing a warming effect with the hot air flow.

[0005] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a cold and warm surface system includes a surface component, which includes an outer cover and a spacing material disposed inside the outer cover. The pneumatic component is in communication with the internal fluid. The pneumatic component includes a package body, which is operably coupled to the inside of the outer cover via an air intake line and a recirculation line. A blower is disposed in the package body, and the blower is configured to guide the airflow through the spacing material. The switch valve is operably coupled to the recirculation line and the inside of the package body. The controller is communicatively coupled to the blower and the switch valve. The controller is configured to: start the blower at a first operating speed for a cooling mode so that the airflow passes through the spacing material to produce a cooling effect; start the blower at a second operating speed for a heating mode so that the airflow passes through the spacing material to produce a heating effect, the second operating speed being higher than the first operating speed to generate heat captured in the airflow; and adjust the switch valve to a closed state in the heating mode to redirect the airflow from the surface component to the blower.

[0006] The above and other features, advantages and objectives of the present disclosure will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by referring to the specification, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In the attached figure:

[0008] Figure 1 A perspective side view of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a surface component in fluid communication with a pneumatic component to provide heating and microclimate management;

[0009] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a surface component and a pneumatic component in fluid communication, showing a wind flow path for providing heating and microclimate management;

[0010] Figure 2B A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a blanket and a pneumatic component in fluid communication, showing a wind flow path for providing heating and microclimate management;

[0011] Figure 2C A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a surface component and a blanket in fluid communication with a pneumatic component, showing a wind flow path for providing heating and microclimate management;

[0012] Figure 3 A partially exploded perspective side view of a pneumatic assembly for a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional side view of a pneumatic assembly for a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure, in which the upper shell of the package and the upper part of the housing are omitted, and the internal pipelines are shown with dotted lines below the circuit board;

[0014] Figure 5 A partial perspective side view of a pneumatic assembly and its blower according to the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 6 According to this disclosure Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the pneumatic assembly shown taken along line VI-VI;

[0016] Figure 7 is a graph related to the performance of the blower according to the present disclosure, showing the changes of flow rate and pressure and flow rate and supply air temperature relative to the ambient temperature;

[0017] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a pneumatic component and a surface component and a cover layer and a cushion layer thereof;

[0018] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a pneumatic component and a surface component and a microclimate management layer in the cushion layer thereof;

[0019] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure including a pneumatic component and a heater thereof, a surface component and a cover layer and a cushion layer thereof;

[0020] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure includes a surface component and a pneumatic component, wherein the pneumatic component has a switch valve for recirculating air in a heating mode and exhausting air in a cooling mode;

[0021] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure includes a surface component and a pneumatic component, wherein the pneumatic component has a heater and a switch valve, the switch valve is used to recirculate air in a heating mode and exhaust air in a cooling mode;

[0022] Fig.13 is a block diagram of a heating and microclimate management system according to the present disclosure;

[0023] Fig.14 A three-dimensional side view of a support device and a heating and microclimate management system thereof according to the present disclosure, wherein the heating and microclimate management system includes a pneumatic component, a surface component and a blanket to provide wind flow cooling and heating;

[0024] Fig.15 A flow chart of a method for controlling a heating and microclimate management system to provide a heating effect and a cooling effect according to the present disclosure;

[0025] Fig.16A flow chart of a method for controlling a heating and microclimate management system to provide recirculation heating and cooling effects according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments shown in the drawings are mainly about the combination of method steps and device components related to the warming and microclimate management system for the patient support device. Accordingly, the drawings use conventional symbols to represent device components and method steps as appropriate, and only show specific details related to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure, so as not to confuse the subject matter of the present disclosure by reciting details that will be understood by ordinary technicians in the field after reading the specification. In addition, similar reference numerals in the specification and drawings represent similar elements.

[0027] For the purpose of this specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "horizontal", "vertical" and their derivatives shall refer to Figure 1 The disclosure shown. The term "front" shall refer to the surface closest to the intended viewer and the term "rear" shall refer to the surface farthest from the intended viewer, unless otherwise stated. However, it should be understood that the disclosure may assume various alternative orientations, unless otherwise expressly provided. It should also be understood that the specific structures and processes shown in the drawings and described in the specification are merely exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined by the appended claims. Therefore, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments of the present disclosure should not be viewed in a limiting sense unless otherwise expressly stated in the claims.

[0028] The terms "includes", "comprising" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, i.e., a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Elements followed by "includes...", without more limitations, do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in those processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that constitute such elements.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 16 , reference numeral 10 generally indicates a thermostatic or warming and microclimate management (MCM) system for a patient support device 12, which may also be referred to as a thermostatic surface auxiliary system 10 or a cooling and heating system 10. In certain aspects, the system 10 includes a surface assembly 14 for providing such a combined function, the surface assembly 14 including an outer cover 16 having an inlet 18 and an outlet 20. A spacer material 22 is disposed within the outer cover 16. The surface assembly 14 may be an example of one or more thermostatic / MCM components 24 included in the system 10.

[0030] The pneumatic assembly 26 is in fluid communication with the inlet 18 of the surface assembly 14. The pneumatic assembly 26 includes a housing 28 and a blower 30 disposed within the housing 28, the housing 28 being operably coupled to the interior of the housing 16 via the inlet 18. The blower 30 is configured to direct air through the spacing material 22 via the inlet 18. A controller 32 is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly 26. The controller 32 is configured to activate the blower 30 at a first operating speed so that air flows through the spacing material 22 to produce a cooling effect. The controller 32 is also configured to produce a warming effect by at least one of adjusting the blower 30 to a second operating speed, limiting the air flow rate of the blower 30, and recirculating air from the outlet 20 to the pneumatic assembly 26.

[0031] In an example where the controller 32 is configured to produce a warming effect by adjusting the blower 30 to a second operating speed that is higher than or greater than the first operating speed, the blower 30 is configured to generate heat in the housing 28 to produce hot air. The blower 30 is configured to draw the hot air through the air inlet 34 and direct the hot air through the spacing material 22, thereby utilizing the wind flow to produce a warming effect.

[0032] In an example where the controller 32 is configured to produce a warming effect by limiting the air flow rate, the controller 32 is communicatively coupled to the flow rate valve 36. The controller 32 is configured to adjust the flow rate valve 36 to limit the air flow rate of the air flow from the blower 30 to generate heat and produce hot air in the housing 28. The blower 30 is configured to direct the hot air through the spacing material 22 to produce a warming effect using the air flow.

[0033] In an example where the controller 32 is configured to generate a warming effect by recirculating the wind flow, the controller 32 is communicatively coupled to the switch valve 38. The controller 32 is configured to adjust the switch valve 38 to a closed state. The hot wind flow (i.e., the blown hot air) blown away from the interior of the housing 16 through the outlet 20 is redirected to be recirculated to the pneumatic assembly 26 to increase the heat in the wind flow and generate a warming effect.

[0034] Additionally or alternatively, the system 10 may include a patient accessory 40, such as the example of a thermoregulatory pad or blanket 40 shown in the figure that can be used to treat a patient. The accessory 40 can be positioned on the patient, such as a blanket 40, which is draped by the patient or otherwise placed on the patient to provide a warming effect and a cooling effect. Taking the blanket 40 as a non-limiting example, the blanket 40 includes an inlet 42 and an outlet 44. The blanket 40 also includes an outer cover 46 and a spacer material 48 disposed inside the outer cover 46. The spacer material 48 in the blanket 40 can be thinner and / or provide less cushioning than the spacer material 22 in the surface assembly 14. In this way, the surface assembly 14 can be used to support the patient, and the blanket 40 can be placed on the patient or wrapped around the patient. This allows the system 10 to achieve thermoregulation and MCM functions under the patient through the surface assembly 14 and / or on the patient with the blanket 40.

[0035] Similar to the surface assembly 14, for the blanket 40, the pneumatic assembly 26 is in fluid communication with the inlet 42, and the blower 30 is configured to direct air through the spacer material 48 via the inlet 42. The controller 32 is configured to start the blower 30 at a first operating speed so that the air flow passes through the spacer material 48 to produce a cooling effect. As described herein, the controller 32 is also configured to produce a warming effect by at least one of adjusting the blower 30 to a second operating speed, limiting the air flow rate of the blower 30, and recirculating the air flow from the outlet 44 to the pneumatic assembly 26.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 2C The warming / MCM system 10 provides warming and cooling regulation for treating patients. The warming / MCM system 10 includes a pneumatic assembly 26 and at least one temperature regulation / MCM component 24 (such as a surface assembly 14 and / or a blanket 40) that are in fluid communication with each other via at least one air inlet line 50. The pneumatic assembly 26 can be configured to be coupled to one of the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 or to be able to form a divergent air flow path to the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 via multiple air inlet lines 50, branch air inlet lines 50 (e.g., forming a divergent air flow path to the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40, see Figure 2C ), the coupling joint between the air inlet pipeline 50, etc. is simultaneously coupled to the surface component 14 and the blanket 40.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A , the surface assembly 14 includes a mattress or cover layer 52 and may also include a cushion layer 54. The cover layer 52 may be positioned on top of the cushion layer 54 and may also be removably coupled to the cushion layer 54, such as via buttons, snaps, hook and loop fasteners, ties, pins, zippers, etc. The cover layer 52 may also be integrated into the cushion layer 54 to form a single unit. In such examples, the cover layer 52 forms a layer of the composite surface assembly 14, typically the top layer. It is also contemplated that the surface assembly 14 may be a cushion layer 54, which has a similar structure and function as the cover layer 52, but with an increased thickness and without a secondary support.

[0038] The cover 52 includes an outer cover 16 and a spacing material 22 within the outer cover 16. The outer cover 16 defines an inlet 18 and an outlet 20 at opposite ends of the outer cover 16. For example, the inlet 18 can be defined at the foot end of the cover 52, while the outlet 20 is defined at the head end of the cover 52. The outer cover 16 can be formed by an upper member 56 and a lower member 58, which are coupled together to form a liquid-tight seal, such as by ultrasonic welding. The inlet 18 and the outlet 20 can be defined at the seam between the upper member 56 and the lower member 58. This configuration can facilitate coupling the inlet 18 and the outlet 20 to an area of ​​the cover 52 that does not affect the treatment or comfort of a patient supported on the cover 52. The relative positions of the inlet 18 and the outlet 20 allow a fluid (e.g., air) entering the interior of the cover 52 to pass through the interior and the spacing material 22 and then blow out of the cover 52 via the outlet 20. Accordingly, air flows through the spacing material 22 along the longitudinal extent of the cover 52 from one end to the opposite end.

[0039] The outer cover 16 may be moisture permeable and / or air-impermeable. In a non-limiting example, the outer cover 16 may be constructed of a nylon or polyester material with a moisture permeable polyurethane coating. The cover layer 52 may be considered a low air leakage cover layer 52, which generally refers to the feature of the cover layer 52 that provides airflow to help manage the heat and humidity (e.g., microclimate) of the patient's skin. Accordingly, the cover layer 52 may form a MCM system or temperature regulation system layer. As further described herein, when the patient is positioned on the cover layer 52, air is directed through the cover layer 52 having the MCM function. Typically, the MCM function is used to provide a cooling effect for the patient.

[0040] Reference Figure 2B , the blanket 40 shown as an exemplary accessory 40 can be a similar component with similar structure and / or function to the surface assembly 14. The blanket 40 includes an outer cover 46 and a spacing material 48 within the outer cover 46. The outer cover 46 can be coupled via one or more components. The outer cover 46 defines an inlet 42 and an outlet 44. In a non-limiting example, the inlet 42 and the outlet 44 can be at opposite ends of the outer cover 46 (such as the foot end and the head end). The inlet 42 and / or the outlet 44 can also be limited to opposite sides to allow wind flow through the interior without causing the wind flow to be discharged through the outlet 44 near the patient's head area. The relative position of the inlet 42 and the outlet 44 allows the air entering the interior of the blanket 40 to pass through the interior and the spacing material 48, and then blow away the blanket 40 via the outlet 44. The inlet 42 and the outlet 44 can be strategically placed according to the usage to maximize efficiency.

[0041] The cover 46 may be moisture permeable and / or air impermeable. Similar to the surface assembly 14, the blanket 40 may also be considered a low air leakage blanket 40, which generally refers to the feature of the blanket 40 that provides air flow to help manage the patient's skin microclimate. Air is directed through the blanket 40 with MCM functionality, which is generally used to provide a cooling effect for the patient. Each component 24 included in the system 10 can have a spacing material and at least one inlet and at least one outlet within the cover for directing air through the component 24 to provide temperature regulation / MCM functionality or treatment for the patient.

[0042] The spacer material 22, 48 is typically comprised of a material with high fluid porosity and a degree of crush resistance. For the surface assembly 14, air can be directed through the spacer material 22 while the spacer material 22 also supports the patient's weight on the cover layer 52 to reduce or prevent the patient from experiencing a bottoming effect. The spacer material 22, 48 is typically a three-dimensional network of fibers, woven pieces, or meshes that promotes air flow through the interior of the cover layer 52 or blanket 40, which can be comprised of a variety of materials such as textile fabrics, thermoplastic fibers, and the like. In some aspects, the spacer material 22, 48 may not include foam.

[0043] Still refer to Figures 1 to 2C , the warming / MCM system 10 includes a temperature regulating / MCM component 24, such as a cover layer 52 and / or a blanket 40, which is fluidly coupled to the pneumatic component 26 via at least an air inlet line 50. In some aspects, the cushion layer 54 can be separated from the cover layer 52 and include a bladder for providing pressure redistribution or treatment to the patient. In such examples, the cushion layer 54 can also be in fluid communication with the pneumatic component 26. The pneumatic component 26 can be electrically connected and / or fluidly coupled to the surface component 14, the support device 12 on which the surface component 14 is located, and / or the blanket 40. For example, various components of the pneumatic component 26 can be powered and controlled via electrical communication with the support device 12. In addition, the pneumatic component 26 includes a circuit board 60. Various electrical connectors 62 extend from the circuit board 60 to components within the pneumatic component 26, such as the blower 30, or extend outside the pneumatic component 26.

[0044] Reference Figures 3 to 6 , the pneumatic assembly 26 can be integrated into the support device 12 ( Fig.14 ), or a separate component that can be selectively positioned on or supported by the support device 12. A separate pneumatic component 26 is advantageous for contact with the blanket 40 ( Figure 2B) or other accessories 40, which makes it easier to transport the patient separately from the support device 12. The pneumatic assembly 26 includes a packaging body 70, which includes a lower shell 72 for supporting various components therein and an upper shell 74 for encapsulating the components inside the packaging body 70. The packaging body 70 generally defines a plurality of openings 76 along one side wall of the lower shell 72 to provide communication between the components inside the packaging body 70 and other components outside the packaging body 70 (such as the surface assembly 14).

[0045] The pneumatic assembly 26 includes an interface connector assembly 80 and various interface connectors 82 extending through the opening 76 in the enclosure 70. The interface connector 82 supports various features for connecting to the surface assembly 14 and / or the blanket 40. The interface connector 82 is shown on the opposite side of the pneumatic assembly 26 compared to the inlet protrusion 84. However, the interface connector 82 can be located in any feasible position to utilize or maximize the efficiency of the pneumatic assembly 26. The interface connector 82 can include a sensing port or fitting 86, at least one system coupler 88 (e.g., for coupling with the surface assembly 14 and / or the blanket 40), and a bladder port or hose fitting 90 (which couples the interface connector 82 to an external line or hose). In this way, air can be drawn into the pneumatic assembly 26 through the inlet protrusion 84 on one side of the enclosure 70, and air can be directed to flow out of the pneumatic assembly 26 through the system coupler 88 and hose fitting 90 on the opposite side of the enclosure 70. This not only makes the relationship between the inlet protrusion 84 and the external environment closer, but also makes the relationship between the interface connector 82 and the surface component 14 closer. Various connections with the pneumatic component 26 through the interface connector 82 are all outside the package 70.

[0046] The system coupler 88 and the hose fitting 90 can be in fluid communication with components inside and outside the enclosure 70 and with each other. In addition, the system coupler 88 and the hose fitting 90 can be operated between an open state and a closed state via a valve 92, and the valve 92 can be operably coupled to the interface connector assembly 80. Accordingly, by opening and closing the valve 92 to direct the wind flow, the functions of the system coupler 88 and the hose fitting 90 can be implemented using a single blower 30.

[0047] The inlet protrusion 84 generally provides fluid communication between the blower 30 and the outside area. For example, the inlet protrusion 84 allows the blower 30 to draw ambient air into the pneumatic assembly 26 for the blower 30 to direct the air through the surface assembly 14 and / or the blanket 40. The inlet protrusion 84 can be disposed near the housing 28 in fluid communication with the interior of the enclosure 70. This configuration allows the blower to draw ambient air into the housing 28 through the interior of the enclosure 70 via the inlet protrusion 84. In addition, the air drawn through the interior of the enclosure 70 can help cool other components within the pneumatic assembly 26.

[0048] The hose fitting 90 may be a filling line fitting configured to couple to a hose to direct fluid into and / or out of various bladders in the cushion 54. The bladders may be, for example, swivel bladders, head bladders, and / or hip bladders. Additional or alternative numbers of hose fittings 90 may be used based on the warming / MCM system 10 or the bladders in the cushion 54. The sensing fitting 86 may sense pressure in various components of the warming / MCM system 10, such as pressure in the bladders and / or MCM system (e.g., within the cover 52 and / or blanket 40, see FIG. Figure 2A and Figure 2B ). The sensing assembly 86 is typically communicatively coupled to the circuit board 60 to communicate the sensed pressure information to the controller 32. The controller 32 may use the sensed pressure information to adjust the treatment or therapy provided to the patient, provide additional comfort, alert a caregiver to the function of the warming / MCM system 10, etc.

[0049] Still refer to Figures 3 to 6 , the system coupler 88 is disposed between the hose fitting 90 and the sensor fitting 86. The system coupler 88 can be larger than the hose fitting 90 and the sensor fitting 86, which facilitates directing a larger amount of air through the system coupler 88 to the surface assembly 14. In addition, increasing airflow is generally beneficial in providing a warming or cooling effect on the surface assembly 14 and / or the blanket 40. The system coupler 88 is configured to couple to an air intake line 50 that fluidly couples the pneumatic assembly 26 to the interior of the surface assembly 14 and / or the interior of the blanket 40. Additional system couplers 88 may be included based on the number of thermostat / MCM components 24 in the system 10. Based on the components 24 and / or mode of the system 10, a valve or valve group may be used to direct air through the system coupler 88.

[0050] Each of the hose fitting 90, the sensing fitting 86, and the system coupler 88 may include a seal, such as an O-ring, to provide an airtight seal for the pneumatic assembly 26. The hose fitting 90, the sensing fitting 86, and the system coupler 88 also extend through support plates 98, 100 that extend along the sidewalls of the enclosure 70 and are coupled to the enclosure 70.

[0051] Housing 28 is contained within enclosure 70 and has a lower portion 110 and an upper portion 112. Housing 28 generally defines a cavity for blower 30 of pneumatic assembly 26. This configuration provides a more direct wind flow path from inlet protrusion 84 to blower 30 and from blower 30 to system coupler 88 while reducing wind flow within the remainder of enclosure 70. Housing 28 also helps retain heat near blower 30 to produce a warming effect as described herein.

[0052] The blower 30 is supported on a support plate 114 that facilitates coupling the blower 30 to the housing 28 and orienting the electrical connector 62 between the blower 30 and the circuit board 60. The housing 28 defines an air inlet 120 and an air outlet 122. The air inlet 120 is defined in the lower portion 110, and the air outlet 122 is defined between the lower portion 110 and the upper portion 112. Thus, the lower portion 110 and the upper portion 112 each define a recess that aligns with one another to form the air outlet 122.

[0053] Still refer to Figures 3 to 6 , the internal air intake line 130 extends from the vicinity of the interface connector assembly 80 to the air intake port 120 in the enclosure 70. The internal air intake line 130 is in fluid communication with the inlet protrusion 84 and is therefore in fluid communication with the external area of ​​the pneumatic assembly 26. The internal air intake line 130 generally has an orifice or opening, which is located on the side of the air intake line 130 near the interface connector assembly 80 in the figure, for the blower 30 to draw air into the internal air intake line 30. The internal air intake line 130 extends below the circuit board 60 to the internal air intake port 120 of the housing 28. In this way, the internal air intake line 130 provides fluid communication between the internal cavity of the housing 28 and the inlet protrusion 84, for the blower 30 to draw ambient air into the housing 28. In addition, air can be drawn into the internal air intake line 130 through the interior of the enclosure 70 via the inlet protrusion 84 and then into the housing 28.

[0054] Typically, the air inlet 120 is defined near the base of the blower 30, adjacent to the support plate 114. The air inlet 34 of the blower 30 is located at the top of the blower 30 at an opposite end relative to the position where the blower 30 is supported on the support plate 114. Accordingly, the air inlet 120 is near the bottom of the housing 28, while the air inlet 34 of the blower 30 is near the top of the housing 28. This configuration allows the blower 30 to draw air into the top air inlet 34 through the internal air inlet line 130 along the height of the blower 30 and the height of the housing 28 (as shown by arrow 132). As described herein, this flow path along the height of the blower 30 and the housing 28 allows the air to be heated and / or capture heat generated by the blower 30 before being drawn into the air inlet 34 to achieve a warming effect.

[0055] The blower 30 includes a nozzle 134 defining an air supply port 136. The nozzle 134 extends from the side of the blower 30 and is aligned with the air outlet port 122 of the housing 28. An internal air outlet line 140 is coupled to the nozzle 134 above the air supply port 136. The internal air outlet line 140 extends from the cavity of the housing 28 through the air outlet port 122 to the interface connector assembly 80. The internal air outlet line 140 includes a radial stop 142 or multiple radial stops 142 that abut or engage the housing 28 to help maintain the relationship between the housing 28, the blower 30, and the internal air outlet line 140. The radial stops 142 are arranged on opposite sides of inner walls 144, 146 of the enclosure 70, which extend from or are formed by the lower shell 72 and the upper shell 74, respectively. The inner walls 144, 146 assist in positioning the housing 28 within the enclosure 70. The radial stop 142 engages the inner wall 144 to maintain the position of the inner outlet line 140 (including during operation and adjustment of the blower 30).

[0056] Still refer to Figures 3 to 6 , the blower 30 is configured to direct air through the air outlet 136 through the internal air outlet line 140 and through the system coupler 88. The connecting air inlet line 50 is coupled to the system coupler 88 outside the enclosure 70 to receive air from the blower 30 and direct the air to the surface assembly 14 and / or the blanket 40 and then through the surface assembly 14 or the blanket 40. In some aspects, the pneumatic assembly 26 may include a plurality of system couplers 88 for engaging a plurality of air inlet lines 50 to direct air to various components 24 of the system 10, including the surface assembly 14, the blanket 40, and / or other accessories 40.

[0057] Still refer to Figures 3 to 6 and Figure 7 In various examples, the pneumatic assembly 26 may also include a flow rate valve 36 or multiple flow rate valves 36 in communication with the supply air fluid from the blower 30. The pneumatic assembly 26 may include a valve group 36 having a combination of multiple valves 36 or a single variable valve 36 for adjusting the supply air flow rate of the air supplied from the blower 30. In some aspects, the flow rate valve 36 may be operably coupled to the blower 30 and / or the internal air outlet line 140. The flow rate valve 36 is configured to selectively limit the supply air flow or supply air flow rate generated by the blower 30. For example, the flow rate valve 36 may operate between multiple flow restriction settings, and the flow restriction range may increase the supply air flow rate from no flow or minimum flow restriction (e.g., about 0% flow restriction) to reduce the supply air flow rate to strong flow restriction or full flow restriction (e.g., up to about 100% flow restriction). It is also contemplated that one or more flow rate valves 36 may be used at the inlet nose 84 of the pneumatic assembly 26 or the air inlet 34 of the blower 30 in conjunction with or in place of the flow rate valve 36 at the air supply port 136 to restrict air flow and generate heat.

[0058] At the low flow restriction setting, the flow rate valve 36 allows the supply air to be directed from the supply port 136 through the internal air outlet line 140, minimizing or not generating shock, thereby minimizing or not adding heat to the supply air. Accordingly, the increased flow rate reduces the pressure in the pneumatic assembly 26, reducing the heat generated by the blower 30. This condition is conducive to a cooling effect. The low flow restriction setting can limit the airflow to less than about 50%, less than about 25%, less than about 15%, less than about 10%, or less than about 5%. In a non-limiting example, the low flow restriction setting can be less than about 15% restriction (e.g., about 0% restriction or no flow rate valve 36) compared to the maximum allowable airflow.

[0059] Under the high flow limit setting, the space for the supply air flow to pass through becomes smaller, which will increase the pressure upstream of the flow limit. When the pressure increases, the mechanical output ratio is lower (for example, the air flow is lower and the pressure is higher), and more electrical energy will be converted into heat energy, thereby causing the air temperature near the blower 30 to increase. The high flow limit setting can limit the air flow to greater than about 50%, greater than about 75%, greater than about 85%, greater than about 90%, or greater than about 95%. In a non-limiting example, the high flow limit setting can be greater than about 75% flow limit compared to the maximum allowable air flow. This condition is conducive to heating the air guided by the blower 30 and providing a warming effect. As described herein, the flow limit may also depend on the heat generation and the supply air temperature.

[0060] Still refer to Figures 3 to 7 , the heating / MCM system 10 is configured to direct airflow through the surface assembly 14 to provide a heating effect and a cooling effect. The heating / MCM system 10 can selectively switch between a cooling effect and a heating effect based on the control of the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. It is contemplated that the blower 30 can be used to independently produce a heating effect and a cooling effect, and it may be advantageous to omit the flow rate valve 36 from the heating / MCM system 10, use the flow rate valve 26 independently, or use the blower 30 and the flow rate valve 36 simultaneously.

[0061] One or more of the speed of the blower 30, the duty cycle of the blower 30, and the flow restriction of the flow rate valve 36 can be adjusted to produce a selected temperature effect on the patient. Changes in the flow rate (e.g., the speed of the blower 30) or changes in the flow restriction at the air supply port 136 can change the heat output that can be used to warm or cool the patient's skin. In some aspects, the input power conditions of the blower 30 can be changed to adjust the duty cycle and / or operate the blower 30 at different speeds. The blower 30 includes an integrated motor 150, and the operating speed of the blower 30 can be changed by controlling the motor 150 via pulse width modulation (PWM).

[0062] The amount of electrical energy consumed by the blower 30 varies at various operating speeds. Of the energy consumed by the blower 30, part of the electrical energy is dissipated as heat energy. In conventional systems, such heat generation is generally considered inefficient. In such conventional systems, heat energy is often lost. In the warming / MCM system 10 disclosed herein, this heat is generated and controlled for warming the patient. The remaining electrical energy that is not dissipated as heat energy is converted into mechanical output, which helps to generate air flow and pressure. In this way, the air supply temperature of the blower 30 is related to the PWM of the blower 30 operation, so the warming / MCM system 10 can utilize this air supply temperature. Accordingly, by providing more or less electrical energy and / or by adjusting the flow rate valve 36 to a more or less current limiting setting to change the speed of the blower 30 equipped with the electric motor, the warming / MCM system 10 can increase or decrease the heat output of the air supply.

[0063] When the warming / MCM system 10 operates with the blower 30 at a lower speed and less supply air restriction, the warming / MCM system 10 operates in a cooling condition or mode because ambient air is utilized in the warming / MCM system 10 to cool the patient, which imparts MCM functionality to the warming / MCM system 10. To switch to the warming condition or mode, the warming / MCM system 10 may adjust the blower 30 to a higher speed or a higher duty cycle and / or adjust the restriction at the supply air outlet 136 of the blower 30.

[0064] For example, the blower 30 can be maintained at the same or a single operating speed to provide a heating and cooling effect, wherein the current limit setting changes to generate heat for the heating effect. In another non-limiting example, the speed of the blower 30 can be increased by PWM to generate additional heat, wherein the current limit setting of the flow rate valve 36 remains at the same setting between the heating effect and the cooling effect. In such an example, the blower 30 obtains more electrical energy, resulting in an increase in energy dissipated as heat. In another non-limiting example, the blower 30 and the flow rate valve 36 are both adjusted to generate heat or reduce the generated heat.

[0065] Figure 7 In the example shown, the graph shows the relationship between pressure (unit "in H20 (inch water column)") and flow rate (CFM) and the relationship between temperature change relative to the environment (unit ℃) and flow rate (CFM). As shown, the change in the supply air temperature from the blower 30 is based on the change relative to the ambient temperature (about 21℃). Accordingly, Figure 7 5°C on the middle graph means that the temperature change relative to the ambient temperature is about 5°C or the temperature is about 26°C. Thus, a temperature change of 0°C means that the supply air is about the same temperature as the ambient temperature.

[0066] Curve AC in the graph shows the relationship between airflow and pressure of the same blower 30 under different PWM settings. For example, in curve A, when the blower 30 is running at 100% PWM and there is no airflow or the airflow is minimal, the pressure is about 55 inches of water column. This is generally the flow rate valve 36 completely restricts the flow, thereby increasing the pressure. As the airflow increases, the pressure decreases. Curve B and curve C show a similar relationship. For curve B, when the blower 30 is running at 50% PWM and the airflow is minimal or there is no airflow, the pressure is slightly higher than 25 inches of water column, and the pressure decreases as the airflow increases. Similarly, for curve C, when the blower 20 is running at 30% PWM and the airflow is minimal or there is no airflow, the pressure is slightly lower than 10 inches of water column, and the pressure decreases as the airflow increases. In addition, curve AC shows that at similar or identical airflow rates, an increase in the PWM of the blower 30 will result in an increase in pressure. As described herein, PWM variations may be produced by varying the electrical power provided to the motor 150 associated with the blower 30 , while flow rate variations may be produced by varying the flow restriction setting of the flow rate valve 36 .

[0067] Additionally, curve DF represents the temperature change that can occur based on the wind flow (eg, as a function of flow rate valve 36). The lower the wind flow, the greater the change in supply air temperature relative to the environment. Figure 7 In the graph of FIG. 3 , curve D “Temp 100% PWM” represents an example of the supply air temperature of the warming effect when the blower 30 is running at 100% PWM. At a larger flow restriction setting of the flow rate valve 36 (e.g., less air flow), the air flow is about 5 CFM and the temperature is about 20°C above the ambient temperature. When the air flow is about 23 CFM, the temperature drops to about 11°C. Accordingly, depending on the flow restriction of the flow rate valve 36, the supply air temperature can be about 10°C to about 20°C above the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature of most operating rooms is about 21°C, in which case the supply air passing through the surface assembly 14 or the blanket 40 can be warmed to about 41°C, which is higher than the average core body temperature of about 37°C. This warming effect can be a therapeutic-based warming effect, thereby providing treatment for patients suffering from various conditions (such as hypothermia).

[0068] Curve E "Temp 30% PWM" represents an example of the supply air temperature for the cooling effect when the same blower 30 as curve D is operated at 30% PWM. Based on the restriction of the air flow, the temperature is about 4.5°C to about 5°C above the ambient temperature. This significantly small increase in temperature relative to the ambient allows the air flow through the surface assembly 14 to provide a cooling effect in the MCM function.

[0069] The warming / MCM system 10 can also be used to produce a comfort-based warming effect, that is, the air temperature provided by the warming / MCM system 10 is higher than the MCM function but lower than the treatment-based warming effect. For example, curve F "Temp 50% PWM" represents the temperature above the environment based on the airflow when the blower 30 is running at 50% PWM. When the airflow is about 5 CFM, the supply air temperature is about 10°C higher than the ambient temperature. When the airflow is about 15 CFM, the supply air temperature is about 5°C higher than the ambient temperature. Accordingly, the air flowing through the surface assembly 14 will be about 5°C to about 10°C higher than the ambient temperature, thereby providing additional warming for the patient to make the patient feel comfortable, but less than the heat required to treat the patient. Curve EF indicates that at similar or identical airflow rates, an increase in the PWM of the blower 30 will result in an increase in temperature. Curve EF also represents the combination of PWM and flow rate used to generate heat and the heat used to generate a warming effect or minimize heat to produce a cooling effect.

[0070] The caregiver and / or controller 32 can adjust the speed of the blower 30 via PWM, the duty cycle of the blower 30, and / or the flow rate valve 36 to adjust the heat generation and, in turn, the temperature effect of the air supply flowing through the patient-supporting surface assembly 14 and / or any patient treatment components 24 (including the blanket 40). These three factors can be adjusted independently or in any combination to provide a more customized and adaptable warming / MCM system 10. Whether to adjust the blower 30, the flow rate valve 36, or both can depend on the type of treatment provided to the patient, the speed at which the warming / MCM system 10 changes between warming and cooling, the configuration of the blower 30, the performance of the blower 30, etc.

[0071] Thus, the same warming / MCM system 10 can be used to provide either a cooling effect or a warming effect by adjusting the flow rate valve 36 and / or the blower 30. This can be useful for providing additional therapy to the patient, such as utilizing the MCM function for skin heat dissipation and moisture wicking, warming for conditions such as hypothermia, and / or warming or cooling for additional comfort to the patient. The air may be coolest relative to the ambient temperature to provide an MCM cooling effect, the air may be slightly warmer relative to the ambient temperature to provide additional comfort to the patient by utilizing a warming effect, and the air may be warmest relative to the ambient temperature to provide a warming effect for treating the patient.

[0072] For example, a cooling effect is generally provided by the surface assembly 14 as an MCM function. The MCM function provides cooler air flowing through the spacer material 22 to provide moisture wicking therapy. This configuration wicks moisture from the patient's skin by blowing air underneath the patient, which helps prevent skin diseases that may be caused by lying on the surface assembly 14 for a long time. This can help reduce or prevent pressure injuries caused by remaining on the surface assembly 14 for a long time. In some aspects, the patient may require moisture wicking therapy, and the patient may also suffer from certain conditions that may cause a decrease in body temperature (such as hypothermia). The warming / MCM system 10 can switch between moisture wicking therapy and hypothermia therapy. The temperature of the air flowing through the spacer material 22 is adjusted to provide a selected temperature effect for the patient or treatment.

[0073] The blanket 40 can also be used for the MCM cooling function to wick moisture from the patient's skin by blowing air over the patient. Additionally or alternatively, in a configuration utilizing the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40, one of the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 can provide a cooling effect, while the other of the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 can provide a warming effect. This allows multiple therapies to be provided to the patient at one time. For example, this would be beneficial to patients who are more likely to suffer from pressure injuries but are also being treated for hypothermia. It is also conceivable that the warming / MCM system 10 can alternate between moisture wicking therapy and hypothermia therapy of the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 (e.g., the surface assembly 14 provides cooling and the blanket 40 provides warming, switching to the surface assembly 14 providing warming and the blanket 40 providing cooling).

[0074] In an example where two different temperatures are used for the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40, a separate pneumatic assembly 26 may be used. Alternatively, a separate system coupler 88 may be used with an airflow directing valve, wherein the airflow may be adjusted based on the setting (i.e., warming or cooling) of the pneumatic assembly 26. For example, when the pneumatic assembly 26 produces a warming effect, the valve may be set to direct air to the blanket 40, and when the pneumatic assembly 26 produces a cooling effect, the valve may be set to direct air to the surface assembly 14. Depending on the therapy to be provided to the patient, the patient diagnosis, etc., one assembly 24 or multiple assemblies 24 may be included in the system 10.

[0075] Reference Figures 8 to 10 In the non-limiting example shown, the surface assembly 14 can have various configurations that provide MCM cooling effects and heating effects. For example, Figure 8As shown, the surface assembly 14 includes a cover layer 52 and a cushion layer 54 as separate components. The pneumatic assembly 26 guides the airflow through the cover layer 52 to produce a heating and cooling effect. Accordingly, the inlet 18 and the outlet 20 of the temperature effect airflow are coupled to the outer cover 16. The air from the blower 30 is guided to be discharged from the outlet 20 through the spacer material 22 via the inlet 18. The airflow for the heating and cooling effect may not flow through the cushion layer 54.

[0076] In addition or in alternative configurations, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the surface assembly 14 may include a cover layer 52, and the MCM layer is formed within the cushion layer 54. Accordingly, in this configuration, the MCM layer is integrated into the cushion layer 54, forming a separate layer separated from the rest of the cushion layer 54 by the outer cover 16 extending around the spacing material 22. The wind flow is guided through the spacing material 22 in the MCM layer, and does not pass through or only passes through a small amount of the rest of the cushion layer 54.

[0077] In other additional or alternative configurations, the surface component 14 is an MCM cushion 54, including an outer cover 16 surrounding the spacer material 22. The MCM cushion 54 may not include other components inside the cushion 54. The MCM cushion 54 may have a thicker spacer material 22 or a layer of spacer material 22 covered on a foam layer to provide a wind flow path and provide support for the patient. This configuration may or may not be used with additional support structures.

[0078] In another non-limiting example, the surface assembly 14 may be configured as a cushion layer 54 without including the spacer material 22. In such an example, the surface assembly 14 may include additional structures or features within the surface assembly 14. In addition, the inlet 18 and outlet 20 for the temperature effect wind flow are coupled to the outer cover 16 and are in fluid communication with each other through the interior of the surface assembly 14. The air from the blower 30 is directed through the inlet 18 through the interior of the surface assembly 14 and discharged from the outlet 20. The wind flow for the heating effect and the cooling effect can pass through part or all of the interior of the surface assembly 14. The accessories 40 and other components 24 can have a single layer or multiple single layers, similar to the configuration described with respect to the surface assembly 14, such as reference Figures 8 to 10 Those configurations described.

[0079] Now refer to Figures 8 to 12, in conjunction with the surface assembly 14, illustrates the features of the warming / MCM system 10 that produce a warming effect. However, it is contemplated that the system 10 may include the same or similar components for producing a warming effect through the blanket 40 and other thermostatic / MCM components 24 without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. In the illustrated example, the wind flow path of the surface assembly 14 in various configurations passes through the spacing material 22 on the upper or top portion of the surface assembly 14 to provide a temperature effect to the patient. The wind flow in the surface assembly 14 is close to the patient (e.g., separated by the outer cover 16), allowing the wind flow to cool or warm the patient's skin. The blower 30 draws ambient air into the pneumatic enclosure 70 via the inlet protrusion 84. The air is drawn into the blower 30, directed through the internal outlet line 140 and through the connecting inlet line 50 between the pneumatic assembly 26 and the surface assembly 14. The air is then directed through the inlet 18 at one end of the surface assembly 14, flows through the spacing material 22 along the longitudinal extent of the surface assembly 14, and then discharged into the environment through the outlet 20.

[0080] When operating in the cooling mode to provide an MCM cooling effect, the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36 are configured to reduce the heat generated by the blower 30. This results in the air flowing through the surface assembly 14 being approximately equal to or slightly above the ambient temperature. When operating in the first or comfort warming mode to provide a comfort-based warming effect, the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36 are configured to generate heat that is greater than the cooling effect but less than the treatment-based warming effect. As the air flows in the housing 28 along the height of the blower 30, heat is captured or the air is warmed. This airflow path close to the blower 30, which is emitting heat, allows the air to capture the heat required to warm the patient.

[0081] When operating in the second or therapeutic warming mode to provide a therapeutic based warming effect, the blower 30 and / or flow rate valve 36 are set to maximize heat generation by the blower 30. The configuration of the housing 28 helps retain heat near the blower 30, reducing heat dissipation or removal from the enclosure 70. Thus, while conventional systems are inefficient because the heat generated is dissipated from the blower, the warming / MCM system 10 of the present disclosure specifically generates additional heat and controls the heat generation for capture by the blower 30 to direct warm air across the surface assembly 14.

[0082] Reference Fig.10The warming / MCM system 10 may also include a heater 160. The heater 160 may be included in the pneumatic assembly 26 and / or connected to the air inlet line 50. The heater 160 is configured to heat the supply air directed to the surface assembly 14. The heater 160 may be a cartridge heater or a resistive heater. Typically, the air is directed through the heater 160 to be warmed by the heat radiated from the heater 160. Accordingly, the heater 160 may be located in the supply air flow path from the blower 30 to add additional heat to the supply air. In various aspects or during certain periods of time, the heater 160 may be the primary heat source for the warming effect.

[0083] Additionally or alternatively, the heater 160 can be used in conjunction with regulating the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. Accordingly, the heater 160 can be used to quickly provide heat while the blower 30 and the flow rate valve 36 are generating heat. The heater 160 can remain activated while the blower 30 is capturing heat, or the heater 160 can be deactivated when the blower 30 is capturing enough heat based on the settings of the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. The heater 160 can also be deactivated when the supplied air reaches a predefined temperature, indicating that the blower 30 has captured enough heat. The heater 160 can also be useful for warming a patient under certain conditions (such as hypothermia) to further increase the temperature of the supplied air relative to the environment. The pneumatic assembly 26 can include a sensor assembly 162 ( Fig.13 ), which can help monitor the temperature of the supply air and / or the air in the housing 28 to control the heater 160.

[0084] review Figures 8 to 10 In the example shown, the temperature effects of MCM cooling, comfort and therapeutic warming define a unidirectional flow path through the warming / MCM system 10, as indicated by arrow 164. The blower 30 is configured to draw ambient air into the pneumatic assembly 26. The ambient air is at an ambient temperature T A In the MCM cooling mode or setting, air is directed through the surface assembly 14 and discharged from the outlet 20 at a temperature relative to T A No significant increase. The temperature can be T out , where T out =T A +D T , D T is any temperature rise or increase due to the function of the blower 30.

[0085] In the warm-up mode or setting, the pneumatic assembly 26 is configured to generate and capture heat by adjusting the speed of the blower 30, adjusting the duty cycle of the blower 30, and / or adjusting the flow restriction setting of the flow rate valve 36. Based on adjusting the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36, the supply air is warmed to an outlet temperature T outIn the example of the heater 160, the heater 160 is configured to be heated to a temperature T H The supply air is further heated to the combined temperature T c , that is, T out +T H The heated supply air is directed through the surface assembly 14 and discharged through the outlet 20 .

[0086] Reference Fig.11 and Fig.12 In an additional or alternative example, the air blown off the surface assembly 14 can be hot air that can be reused or recirculated by the heating / MCM system 10 to maximize the heating effect and efficiency of the heating / MCM system 10. In this regard, the heating / MCM system 10 can be a closed loop system, in which the pneumatic assembly 26 is in fluid communication with the surface assembly 14 via the connection of the air intake line 50 and the recirculation line 170. In this way, the outlet 20 of the surface assembly 14 is in fluid communication with the inlet protrusion 84 or other interface connector 82 via the recirculation line 170.

[0087] The closed-loop warming / MCM system 10 is substantially similar to the one-way warming / MCM system 10 for generating and capturing heat by adjusting the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. The closed-loop warming / MCM system 10 can be used for cooling effects, comfort-based warming effects, and therapy-based warming effects. Compared to the one-way warming / MCM system 10, the closed-loop warming / MCM system 10 includes a recirculation line 170 and a switch valve 38 to redirect air blown off the surface assembly 14 back to the pneumatic assembly 26 in the warming mode, as shown by arrow 172.

[0088] During MCM operation to provide a cooling effect, the on-off valve 38 is positioned so that the blower 30 draws ambient air into the heating / MCM system 10 through the on-off valve 38. A The ambient air is drawn into the pneumatic assembly 26 and passed through the blower 30. The blower 30 directs the supply air from the pneumatic assembly 26 through the surface assembly 14. The supply air is at a temperature T out , that is, the ambient temperature T A plus any temperature rise D due to the blower 30 function T (such as Figure 7 The guiding temperature T out The supplied air passes through the surface assembly 14 and is blown off the surface assembly 14 through the outlet 20 into the recirculation line 170. The recirculation line 170 directs the blown air to the exhaust or open switch valve 38 to exhaust the air to the atmosphere. The open state of the switch valve 38 allows the warming / MCM system 10 to continue to draw in ambient air to provide a cooling effect for the patient.

[0089] Still refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 In order to produce the heating effect, the operation of the heating / MCM system 10 begins to be similar to the operation of the MCM cooling. Ambient temperature T A The ambient air is sucked into the pneumatic assembly 26 via the blower 30 and the switch valve 38. The air is heated to T out , that is, the ambient temperature T A plus any temperature rise D caused by the operation of the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36 T . Guide temperature T out The air passes through the surface assembly 14. When the air blows through the surface assembly 14, the air may lose heat by transferring heat to the patient's skin (ie, the patient's heat loss T L The air blown off the surface assembly 14 into the recirculation line 170 may be at a temperature T n , where T n =T out -T L .

[0090] The air is directed through the recirculation line 170 to the recirculation or closed switch valve 38. The closed switch valve 38 redirects the air that has been blown off the surface assembly 14 back to the pneumatic assembly 26. Temperature T n (Also called input temperature T in ) is redirected to the pneumatic assembly 26. The temperature T can be adjusted by the function of the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. n The air is further heated to the supply air temperature T out , where T out =T in +D T , D T is the temperature rise generated by the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36. T n is the temperature of the air in the nth cycle through the blower 30. n As "n" increases, it increases. T n The increase may depend on the heat loss from the patient's skin warmth.

[0091] Still refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12, initially heating and directing ambient air through the surface assembly 14. The air typically loses some heat due to absorption by the patient. Such blown-off air is heated blown-off air compared to the ambient temperature and is recirculated back to the blower 30. Accordingly, in this configuration, the warm air (i.e., hot air minus patient heat loss) is reused by the blower 30, thereby allowing the warming / MCM system 10 to begin the circulation of the pneumatic assembly 26 with air at a temperature higher than the ambient temperature, which facilitates more efficient warming of the pre-warmed air to a predefined temperature. The blower 30 and / or flow rate valve 36 can initially generate pre-warmed air, and then the recirculated air can be warmed to a higher temperature using less energy (e.g., by limiting the airflow to a smaller amount or reducing the blower 30 to a lower speed than the initial setting).

[0092] For example, ambient air at 0°C above ambient temperature may be drawn into the blower 30 and heated to 5°C above ambient temperature. The supply air at 5°C above ambient temperature is directed through the surface assembly 14, where heat is lost due to the warming of the patient's skin. By way of example, the heat loss may be approximately 2°C, resulting in the air temperature blowing off the surface assembly 14 being 3°C above ambient temperature. The supply air at 3°C ​​above ambient temperature is then redirected back into the blower 30. Accordingly, for the second cycle of the warming / MCM system 10, the temperature of the air drawn into the blower 30 is 3°C higher than the first cycle when the air is at ambient temperature, thereby increasing the efficiency of the warming / MCM system 10 in warming the warm air to the predefined temperature of 5°C in this example. The warming / MCM system 10 may continue to recirculate the air to provide the warming effect. After the warming function is completed or terminated, the switch valve 38 may be adjusted to the exhaust state to discharge the air to the atmosphere.

[0093] Compared to the one-way heating / MCM system 10, the degree of heating in the recirculating closed loop heating / MCM system 10 is lower after the initial heating, thereby consuming less energy for the heating / MCM system 10. The air blown off the surface assembly 14 is directed back through the blower 30 to re-use electrical energy to warm the air before directing or dispersing the air through the surface assembly 14.

[0094] In addition, the warming / MCM system 10 is a closed loop that draws in ambient air to start the cycle and then recirculates the same air. This provides a self-contained system that initially draws in ambient air, then recirculates the air until the air is finally exhausted at the end of the warming process. The closed loop system reduces or prevents the introduction of contaminants into the warming / MCM system 10 and the air passing through the spacer material 22. In addition, the warming / MCM system 10 can be sealed after the initial intake of ambient air. Typically, the outer cover 16 is leak-proof or leak-resistant. Accordingly, the closed airflow loop forms an independent closed system. Compared with conventional patient warming techniques, this independent system recirculates the same air, has less, minimal or no cross-contamination, and can reduce the risk of infection.

[0095] Still refer to Fig.12 In the recirculation configuration, the pneumatic assembly 26 can include a heater 160 for generating heat for capture by the supply airflow from the blower 30. In various aspects, the heater 160 can be used as the primary heat source for the warming effect for part or all of the time that the warming effect is produced. Additionally or alternatively, the heater 160 can be used in conjunction with heat generated by controlling the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36, similar to the one-way warming / MCM system 10 described herein.

[0096] In another non-limiting example, the heater 160 may be activated as the initial ambient air is drawn into the warming / MCM system 10. The heater 160 may be configured to generate heat within a predefined number of cycles through the warming / MCM system 10. After the predefined number of cycles, or when the supply air reaches the sensor assembly 162 ( Fig.13 ) when a predefined temperature is reached, the heater 160 may be deactivated. In such an example, the remaining cycle through the warming / MCM system 10 may utilize control of the blower 30 and / or flow rate valve 36 with pre-warmed air to provide a warming effect. When the heater 160 is used, the air directed through the surface assembly 14 is at a temperature T n , where T n =T out +T H -T L , where T out is the air supply temperature from the blower 30, T H is the temperature rise from heater 160, T L It is the patient's skin heat loss.

[0097] review Figures 8 to 12 , the system 10 is shown with the surface assembly 14. It is contemplated that the effects described may be produced in the same or substantially similar manner in the blanket 40, other accessories 40, or any thermostatic / MCM component 24, including in a one-way system 10 and / or a closed loop system 10. In this regard, the system 10 may be substantially similar to Figures 8 to 12 A configuration in which a blanket 40 or other component 24 replaces the surface assembly 14.

[0098] about Figures 8 to 10 The described system 10 discloses a one-way wind flow path, about Fig.11 and 12The depicted system 10 includes a closed loop configuration that recirculates air directed through the surface assembly 14. The illustrated example includes wind flow through a single component 24, which is illustrated as the surface assembly 14. However, it is contemplated that air may be directed through multiple components 24, such as through the surface assembly 14 and the blanket 40 (or another system component 24), to sequentially provide a warming or cooling effect to the components of the system 10 before the air is exhausted via a final outlet or directed through a recirculation line 170.

[0099] For example, air can be directed from the pneumatic assembly 26 to the surface assembly 14 through the air inlet line 50. The air can be directed through the surface assembly 14 and through the outlet 20. The air can then be directed through the connecting line to the inlet 42 of the blanket 40. The air can be directed through the blanket 40 and through the outlet 44. The air can be exhausted through the outlet 44 of the one-way system 10 or can be directed through the recirculation line 170 of the closed loop system 10. This provides a warming or cooling effect to the area below the patient and the area above the patient in a single airflow path.

[0100] The blanket 40 (or second component 24) may be slightly less effective than the surface assembly 14 (or first component 24) due to slightly different temperatures in different components due to heat lost to the patient in warming mode or heat gained from the patient in cooling mode. Additional heaters 160 may be used at the connecting lines to increase heat. It is contemplated that the components 24 may be arranged sequentially in any order (e.g., auxiliary component 40 first and then surface assembly 14, surface assembly 14 first and then auxiliary component (multiple auxiliary components 40), multiple thermostat / MCM components 24, etc.). In addition, when multiple pneumatic components 26 are used, temperature effects may be provided simultaneously.

[0101] Reference Fig.13 , the warming / MCM system 10 includes a controller 32, which includes a processor 180, a memory 182, and other control circuits. Instructions or routines 184 are stored in the memory 182 and can be executed by the processor 180. The memory 182 includes routines 184 related to the functions of the blower 30, the flow rate valve 36, the heater 160, and the switch valve 38 based on various inputs or protocols initiated by the caregiver. The controller 32 can be a designated controller 32 of the warming / MCM system 10, such as a controller 32 housed in the pneumatic assembly 26, or it can be a controller 32 of the patient support device 12. The designated controller 32 may be more conducive to the portable system 10. The controller 32 may also include a communication circuit 186 for two-way wired or wireless communication.

[0102] The warming / MCM system 10 includes a sensor assembly 162 communicatively coupled to the controller 32. The sensor assembly 162 may include one or more of a pressure sensor 190, an air flow sensor 192, and a thermal sensor 194. The pressure sensor 190 may sense a pressure near the blower 30, such as a supply air pressure at the supply air port 136, which may be affected by the flow restriction caused by the flow rate valve 36. The air flow sensor 192 may be configured to sense the air flow at or downstream of the supply air port 136, which in turn may indicate the flow restriction setting of the flow rate valve 36. The thermal sensor 194 may sense the supply air temperature at the supply air port 136.

[0103] The sensor assembly 162 communicates the sensed information to the controller 32. The controller 32 can use the sensed information to monitor the function of the warming / MCM system 10. The controller 32 can also use the sensed information as feedback to control the warming / MCM system 10. For example, the thermal sensor 194 can be used to monitor the supply air temperature so that the speed of the blower 30 and / or the setting of the flow rate valve 36 can be adjusted to increase or decrease the temperature. In such an example, if the thermal sensor 194 senses that the air is below a predefined temperature or exceeds a predefined range for heating the patient, the controller 32 can increase the speed or duty cycle of the blower 30 and / or increase the flow rate of the flow rate valve 36 to the air flow to generate additional heat and / or start the heater 160. If the thermal sensor 194 senses that the air is above a predefined temperature or exceeds a predefined range, the controller 32 can reduce the speed or duty cycle of the blower 30, open more air flow paths by reducing the flow rate of the flow rate valve 36, and / or deactivate the heater 160.

[0104] The inclusion of the blower 30 in the package 70 with the thermal sensor 194 allows the thermal sensor 194 to be used to monitor the warming / MCM system 10 in real time. The sensed information (i.e., sensed temperature) from the thermal sensor 194 or sensor assembly 162 can be used as control feedback, wherein the PWM of the blower 30 and / or the setting of the flow rate valve 36 can be actively or dynamically adjusted to meet the patient's selected or desired output temperature. Additional temperature sensors or thermal sensors 194 can be provided in the housing 28 to monitor the temperature of air drawn into the blower 30 and / or within the treatment components of the system 10 (e.g., surface assembly 14, blanket 40, other accessories 40 or components 24, etc.) to monitor the temperature of air flowing through the components near the patient.

[0105] The controller 32 can communicate with a user interface 200, such as a graphical user interface (GUI) on the support device 12 or a remote device (e.g., a phone, tablet, wearable device, etc.). A caregiver can input commands into the user interface 200 to control the activation, deactivation, or function of the warming / MCM system 10. The input can also involve a treatment regimen, thereby triggering adjustment or control of the warming / MCM system 10. For example, a treatment regimen may involve pressure sores, which will trigger the activation of the MCM cooling function. The treatment regimen may involve hypothermia, which will trigger the activation of a treatment-based warming function. In other examples, the treatment regimen may be complex or multifaceted, such as for the treatment of pressure sores and hypothermia. The controller 32 can execute one or more input protocol-related routines 184, and adjust the warming / MCM system 10 between providing MCM cooling and moisture wicking effects and warming effects based on information received from the caregiver input.

[0106] Additionally or alternatively, the caregiver can use the user interface 200 to view information about the warming / MCM system 10. Such information may include the supply air temperature, the condition or status of the switch valve 38, the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve 36, the activation status of the heater 160, etc. The caregiver can monitor, adjust, and control the warming / MCM system 10 via the user interface 200.

[0107] Still refer to Fig.13 , the controller 32 can be configured to communicate via wired and wireless communication protocols. The controller 32 can be configured to communicate with the user interface 200, a remote server, a local server, etc. Communicating with one or more servers can allow patient information from the controller 32 to be stored in an electronic medical record (EMR). In such an example, information such as heating or cooling time, supply air temperature, etc. from the warming / MCM system 10 can be automatically stored in the patient EMR. In addition, the controller 32 can retrieve or receive information from various facility systems or from the EMR to adjust the warming / MCM system 10, such as starting or adjusting the blower 30, the flow rate valve 36, the heater 160 and / or the switch valve 38.

[0108] In various examples, coupling the heating / MCM system 10 to the support device 12 can provide wired communication between the heating / MCM system 10 and the support device 12. In such examples, the heating / MCM system 10 and the support device 12 can have mating communication connectors that engage with each other to provide wired communication between the two. In addition, as described herein, the heating / MCM system 10 or a portion of the heating / MCM system 10 (such as the pneumatic assembly 26) can be integrated into the support device 12 and communicate with various components of the support device 12 by wire. Wired communication can be performed via the electrical connector 62 ( Figure 3 ).

[0109] In an additional or alternative configuration, the controller 32 is configured to communicate with remote or external components via a wireless communication network. The communication network can be part of a medical facility network that can include a combination of wired connections (e.g., Ethernet) and wireless connections (which can include a wireless communication network). The communication network can include various electronic devices that can be configured to communicate via various wired or wireless communication protocols. The communication network can include wireless routers through which remote access devices can communicate with each other and with local servers.

[0110] The communication network may be implemented via one or more direct or indirect non-hierarchical communication protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Thread, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Z-Wave, Zigbee, etc. In addition, the communication network can be equivalent to a centralized or hierarchical communication network, in which one or more devices communicate via a wireless router (e.g., a communication routing controller). Accordingly, the communication network can be implemented through various communication protocols, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service, Code Division Multiple Access, Enhanced Data GSM Environment, Fourth Generation (4G) Wireless, Fifth Generation (5G) Wireless, Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Wired Microwave Access (WiMAX), Local Area Network, Ethernet, etc. By flexibly implementing the communication network, various devices and servers can communicate directly with each other via a wireless communication network or a cellular data connection.

[0111] In certain aspects, the controller 32 is capable of wireless communication via a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module typically communicates with circuits (e.g., communication circuit 186) associated with the warming / MCM system 10 and / or the support device 12 via an SPI link and communicates with a wireless access point via a wireless 802.11 link. The wireless access point is typically coupled to an Ethernet switch via an 802.3 link. It is contemplated that the wireless communication module can communicate with the wireless access point via any wireless protocol disclosed herein. Additionally or alternatively, the Ethernet switch can typically communicate with Ethernet via an 802.3 link. Ethernet also communicates with a local server, allowing information and data to be communicated to and from the controller 32.

[0112] Reference Fig.14 , the warming / MCM system 10 is included in or used in conjunction with a patient support device 12. In various aspects, the warming / MCM system 10 can be a separate component, including a surface component 14 and / or another temperature adjustment / MCM component 24 for supporting a patient, and a pneumatic component 26 for generating a wind flow through the surface component 14 or another temperature adjustment / MCM component 24, respectively. In such examples, the warming / MCM system 10 can be selectively positioned on or removed from various support devices 12. In addition, a blanket 40 or other accessory 40 can be positioned on a patient supported on a surface component 14 or a support device 12, and can be moved between different support devices 12 with the patient. In additional or alternative examples, the warming / MCM system 10 can be at least partially integrated into the support device 12. In such examples, the surface assembly 14 can be positioned on the support device 12 and coupled to the pneumatic assembly 26 or the blanket 40, which is positioned above the patient and coupled to the pneumatic assembly 26, wherein the pneumatic assembly 26 (or multiple assemblies 26) are mounted or integrated into the support device 12.

[0113] Fig.14 In the illustrated example, a surface assembly 14 and a support device 12 (configured as a medical bed) are shown, with a blanket 40 positioned above the surface assembly 14. In the example of a medical bed, the bed includes a frame assembly 206, whose bottom frame 208 is coupled to an upper frame 210. The upper frame 210 can be adjusted relative to the bottom frame 208 (e.g., raised, lowered, tilted, etc.). In addition, the upper frame 210 typically includes a plurality of sections that can be adjusted independently of each other, thereby allowing the upper frame 210 to be articulated between various positions (e.g., raised head area, raised foot area, etc.). The medical bed includes an actuation assembly for adjusting the upper frame 210 and the sections. The bottom frame 208 includes casters 212 for moving the medical bed relative to the ground below. The medical bed also includes bed rails 214, which can typically be adjusted between a raised position and a lowered position. A GUI (e.g., a user interface 200) is typically included on one of the bed rails 214.

[0114] In such examples, the pneumatic assembly 26 can be coupled or integrated to the frame assembly 206 of the medical bed. The frame assembly 206 can include a receiving space for receiving the retaining enclosure 70. The lines 50, 170 and the electrical connector 62 can extend from the enclosure 70 to the engagement surface assembly 14, the blanket 40, other thermostat / MCM components 24 and / or other components of the medical bed.

[0115] Although shown as a medical bed, it is also conceivable that the warming / MCM system 10 can be used or integrated with various support devices 12, including stretchers, operating tables, medical operating beds, high-sensitivity surfaces, etc. In this way, the warming / MCM system 10 can be used in a variety of care environments, such as the Emergency Department (ED), transport processes, etc. For example, the warming / MCS system 10 can be used in the ED to treat hypothermia, used during surgery on a stretcher, and used to regulate body temperature during postoperative recovery. This increases the flexibility of care in patient care. In addition, the components 24 included in the system 10 can vary based on the type of support device 12 used or the patient treatment unit.

[0116] review Figures 1 to 14 , for each support device 12, the warming / MCM system 10 can have a variety of configurations. The warming / MCM system 10 can include one or more of a surface assembly 14, a blanket 40, and / or other temperature control / MCM components 24 positioned on the support device 12 or on the patient, and a pneumatic assembly 26 that can be removed from the support device 12. The warming / MCM system 10 can include a temperature control / MCM component 24 (e.g., a surface assembly 14, a blanket 40, or other accessory 40) positioned on the support device 12 and a pneumatic assembly 26 integrated into the support device 12. The warming / MCM system 10 can also include a temperature control / MCM component 24 of the warming / MCM system 10 and a pneumatic assembly 26 integrated into the support device 12. For example, an upper frame 210 or upper stage of the support device 12 can include an integrated surface assembly 14 or selectively accommodate a surface assembly 14. For various configurations of the surface assembly 14 , the surface assembly 14 may include a cover layer 52 , a pad layer 54 , a pad layer 54 with an MCM layer, or an MCM-based pad layer 54 as described herein.

[0117] The warming / MCM system 10 can support or extend over a patient while providing additional comfort and therapy through the temperature effects of the surface assembly 14 or other components 24 directed by the pneumatic assembly 26. The warming / MCM system 10 can switch between warming and cooling functions to provide enhanced and / or customized care for the patient. In this way, the surface assembly 14 and other thermostat / MCM components 24 can be used for both microclimate management and warming. For example, the warming / MCM system 10 can provide a warmer surface for a hypothermic patient by directing warmed or heated air through the thermostat / MCM component 24 (such as the surface assembly 14 or the blanket 40), and can provide a cooler surface for a long-term bedridden patient by directing cold air or ambient air through the thermostat / MCM component 24 (such as the surface assembly 14 or the blanket 40) to keep the patient's skin cool and dry. In this way, the warming / MCM system 10 can heat or cool the patient's skin in contact with the thermostatic / MCM component 24 (such as the surface component 14 or the accessory / blanket 40), which can be achieved by adjusting the speed of the blower 30 with the motor 150, adjusting the duty cycle of the blower 30, adjusting the flow limit at the air inlet 34 of the blower 30, adjusting the flow limit at the air supply port 136 and / or adjusting the heater 160.

[0118] The pneumatic assembly 26 includes a blower 30 or a blower 30 and a flow rate valve 36, which are controlled to generate heat to warm the supplied air. The supplied air may be unnoticeably warmed, directing normal ambient air through the thermostat / MCM component 24 to cool the patient's skin and wick moisture away from the patient. The supplied air may be slightly warmed relative to the environment (less than about 10°C) to provide additional comfort to the patient. The supplied air may also be warmed by a significantly greater amount or degree (about 10°C to about 20°C) to provide thermal therapy to the patient.

[0119] Based on the level of regulation, regulating the blower 30 and the flow rate valve 36 can independently generate similar amounts of heat. The blower 30 combined with the flow rate valve 36 can generate more heat than the individual blowers 30 and flow rate valves 36. In addition, the heater 160 can be used to heat the supply air or help heat the supply air.

[0120] Additionally, air recirculation can assist in heating the air by drawing pre-warmed air into the pneumatic assembly 26. Variable amounts of heat can be generated by adjusting the operating speed of the blower 30, the duty cycle of the blower 30, the level of restriction of the flow rate valve 36, the activation of the blower 30, and / or the position or state of the switch valve 38. Accordingly, one or more components or features of the warming / MCM system 10 can contribute to the temperature effect, which can provide a more customized treatment for the patient.

[0121] The warming / MCM system 10 generates additional heat in a targeted manner to provide different functions for the warming / MCM system 10. This allows the same warming / MCM system 10 to provide both cooling and warming for the patient. In conventional methods, patient warming strategies in perioperative spaces are usually additional separate components or equipment. For example, conventional methods include: blowing warm air on the patient, which increases the risk of infection; using a separate heated blanket, which is difficult to reuse or re-use; using an ordinary blanket, which is difficult to adjust under anesthesia in the operating room; circulating warm water in the pad, but using special accessories. The warming / MCM system 10 of the present disclosure can be integrated into the support device 12 or integrated with it without being an additional accessory, or it can be operated in combination with the support device 12. The warming / MCM system 10 of the present disclosure can also provide both cooling and warming with the same components, and can selectively switch between warming and cooling based on the operation of the components contained in the warming / MCM system 10.

[0122] Reference Fig.15 and Figures 1 to 14 The method 220 for controlling the temperature raising / MCM system 10 includes step 222, providing the temperature raising / MCM system 10. The temperature raising / MCM system 10 can be coupled to the frame assembly 206, and the temperature regulating / MCM component 24 (such as the surface assembly 14 or the blanket 40) is positioned on the support device 12. The pneumatic assembly 26 is fluidly coupled to the component 24 via at least the connection inlet air line 50.

[0123] In step 224, the blower 30 can be activated to generate airflow through the component 24, which can be a surface component 14, a blanket 40, etc. The activation can be in response to input communicated by a caregiver via the user interface 200 or input retrieved by the controller 32 from a server or a patient electronic medical record (EMR). The input may relate to a therapy or treatment plan. In step 226, the blower 30 is adjusted to a cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the blower 30 is adjusted to a first operating speed, typically a lower operating speed, so as to generate airflow without generating a large amount of heat. In step 228, in the example of the flow rate valve 36, the flow rate valve 36 can be adjusted to the cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the flow rate valve 36 is adjusted to a lower flow limit setting, thereby allowing a higher air supply flow rate. The lower flow limit setting results in minimal additional heat generation by the blower 30 or no additional heat generation at all.

[0124] In step 230, wind flow is directed through component 24. For example, wind flow can be directed through surface assembly 14, that is, from inlet 18 through the interior to blow away from surface assembly 14 through outlet 20. In some aspects, when air is directed through the interior, the air is directed through spacer material 22. Generally speaking, in step 230, air is blown away from surface assembly 14 and discharged to the outside atmosphere. When using blanket 40, wind flow can be directed through blanket 40, that is, from inlet 42 through the interior or spacer material 48 to blow away from outlet 44. Wind flow typically performs MCM cooling function based on a lower speed of blower 30 and / or a lower flow restriction setting of flow rate valve 36, thereby utilizing wind flow to produce a cooling effect. The cooling effect is used to cool the patient's skin and absorb moisture and perspiration, so as to perform microclimate management for long-term bedridden patients who are prone to pressure sores and the like.

[0125] Step 232, the blower 30 is adjusted to a second operating speed that is higher than the first operating speed. Thus, the PWM of the blower 30 is increased in accordance with the greater amount of electrical energy used. The greater amount of electrical energy causes the blower 30 within the housing 28 to generate a greater amount of heat energy. The configuration of the housing 28 and the enclosure 70 helps retain heat near the blower 30 for the blower 30 to capture.

[0126] At step 234, the flow rate valve 36 may be adjusted to a higher flow restriction setting, which will reduce the air flow rate, causing an increase in pressure and heat generation. It is contemplated that the flow rate valve 36 may be adjusted after the blower 30 is adjusted at step 232, or step 232 may be omitted. When step 232 is omitted, the blower 30 may be operated at the same speed as when operating in the cool down mode, wherein the flow restriction by the flow rate valve 36 causes heat generation.

[0127] At step 236, the blower 30 captures the heat and directs it as a heated airflow to the component 24, such as the surface assembly 14, the blanket 40, etc. The air drawn into the enclosure 70 is drawn into the housing 28 near the base of the blower 30 through the internal air inlet line 130. The air is then drawn along the height of the blower 30 for the blower 30 to capture the heat or warm it. The warmed or heated air is directed through the spacing material 22, 48 to warm the patient's skin and then exhausted through the outlet 20, 44. In addition, in the example of the heater 160, the controller 32 can selectively activate and deactivate the heater 160 in step 238 to achieve a patient warming effect.

[0128] At step 240, the controller 32 receives the sensed information from the sensor assembly 162 and adjusts the pneumatic assembly 26 based on the sensed information. The sensed information may include one or more of pressure information, temperature information, and flow rate information. The controller 32 may actively, dynamically, and in real time adjust the pneumatic assembly 26 to generate a supply air having a flow rate and temperature of a selected operating mode (e.g., a cooling mode or a heating mode). At step 242, the heating / MCM system 10 may be deactivated.

[0129] Reference Fig.16 and Figures 1 to 15 , a method 250 for controlling a warming / MCM system 10 that can recirculate air includes step 252, providing a warming / MCM system 10. The warming / MCM system 10 can be coupled to a frame assembly 206, and components 24 such as a surface assembly 14, a blanket 40, or other accessories 40 are positioned on a support device 12. The pneumatic assembly 26 is fluidly coupled to the temperature control / MCM component 24 (such as a surface assembly 14 or a blanket 40) via a connection to an air intake line 50 and a recirculation line 170. Similar to step 224 of method 220, in step 254 of method 250, the blower 30 can be activated to generate a wind flow through the surface assembly 14, the blanket 40, or other system components 24. The activation can be in response to input communicated by a caregiver via the user interface 200 or input retrieved by the controller 32 from a server or a patient EMR. The input can relate to a therapy or treatment plan.

[0130] Step 256, adjust the blower 30 to a cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the blower 30 is adjusted to a lower first operating speed to generate air flow without generating a large amount of heat. Typically, the air is ambient air drawn in through the switch valve 38. Step 258, in the example of the flow rate valve 36, the flow rate valve 36 can be adjusted to the cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the flow rate valve 36 is adjusted to a lower flow limit setting, thereby allowing a higher air supply flow rate, resulting in the blower 30 generating a minimal amount of additional heat or no additional heat at all.

[0131] Step 260, adjust the switch valve 38 to the open or exhaust position. Step 262, when the surface assembly 14 is used, guide the wind flow through the surface assembly 14, that is, blow away the surface assembly 14 from the inlet 18 through the spacing material 22 through the outlet 20. Step 262, the air is blown away from the surface assembly 14, flows through the recirculation pipeline 170 and is discharged to the outside area via the switch valve 38. When the blanket 40 is used, the wind flow is guided through the blanket 40, that is, blow away from the blanket 40 from the inlet 42 through the spacing material 48 through the outlet 44 into the recirculation pipeline 170. The wind flow usually performs the MCM cooling function based on the lower speed of the blower 30 and / or the lower flow limit setting of the flow rate valve 36, thereby using the wind flow to produce a cooling effect. The cooling effect is used to cool the patient's skin and absorb moisture and perspiration, so as to perform microclimate management for long-term bedridden patients who are prone to pressure sores and the like.

[0132] Step 264, for the warm-up mode, the blower 30 is adjusted to a higher second operating speed. In this way, the PWM of the blower 30 is larger, which causes the blower 30 to generate a larger amount of heat in the housing 28. The configuration of the housing 28 and the enclosure 70 helps to retain the heat near the blower 30 for the blower 30 to capture.

[0133] At step 266, the flow rate valve 36 may be adjusted to a higher flow restriction setting, causing the pressure to increase and the heat generation to increase. It is contemplated that the flow rate valve 36 may be adjusted after the blower 30 is adjusted at step 264, or step 264 may be omitted. When step 264 is omitted, the blower 30 may be operated at the same speed as when operating in the cool down mode, wherein the flow restriction by the flow rate valve 36 causes heat generation.

[0134] At step 268, the on-off valve 38 is adjusted to the closed or recirculation position. At step 270, the blower 30 captures heat and directs it as a stream of hot air to the surface assembly 14, blanket 40, or other system component 24. Air drawn into the enclosure 70 is drawn into the housing 28 through the internal air inlet line 130 near the base or foundation of the blower 30. Initially, this air can be ambient air. After the on-off valve 38 is adjusted to the recirculation position, the air drawn in through the internal air inlet line 130 can be recirculated air from a system component 24 (such as a surface assembly 14 or blanket 40). Air is drawn in along the height of the blower 30 for the blower 30 to capture heat or warm. The warmed or heated air is directed through the spacing material 22, 48 to warm the patient's skin and then blown out through the outlet 20, 44.

[0135] In addition, in the example of the heater 160, the controller 32 can selectively activate and deactivate the heater 160 in step 272 to achieve a patient warming effect. The air is blown away from the surface assembly 14, re-introduced into the pneumatic enclosure 70 via the recirculation line 170 and the switch valve 38, and is again directed to the surface assembly 14 or other system components 24 to enter the warming mode.

[0136] At step 274, the controller 32 receives the sensed information from the sensor assembly 162 and adjusts the pneumatic assembly 26 based on the sensed information. The sensed information may include one or more of pressure information, temperature information, and flow rate information. The controller 32 may actively, dynamically, and in real time adjust the pneumatic assembly 26 to generate the air supply at the flow rate and temperature required for the selected operating mode (e.g., cooling mode or heating mode). At step 276, the heating / MCM system 10 may be deactivated. The steps of the above method may be performed in any order, simultaneously, omitted, repeated, etc. without departing from the teachings herein.

[0137] Various advantages can be provided by using the devices and systems disclosed herein. For example, the thermostat / MCM assembly 24, such as the MCM layer or MCM cover layer 52, the blanket 40 or other accessories 40, which provides cooling and microclimate management, can be converted into a heater. In addition, the heat generation can be controlled by changing the speed (rotations per minute or RPM) of the blower 30 and / or the flow rate valve 36 to the flow limit level of the wind flow. In addition, the heating / MCM system 10 may also include a resistive heater 160 to further control the air temperature and provide an initial "kick start" for the heating / MCM system 10. Furthermore, the heating / MCM system 10 may include a sensor assembly 162, which can provide real-time information, thereby controlling the heating / MCM system 10 in real time to provide a selected temperature effect. In addition, the sensor assembly 162 can provide active monitoring of the heating / MCM system 10, thereby actively and dynamically adjusting the heating / MCM system 10. In addition, the heating / MCM system 10 can be set to a predefined temperature or switched between predefined temperatures. Other benefits or advantages may be realized and / or obtained.

[0138] The following paragraphs further summarize the disclosed system, which is characterized by combining any or all of the aspects described herein.

[0139] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a temperature regulation and microclimate management surface system for a patient support device includes a surface assembly, the surface assembly including an outer cover having an inlet and an outlet and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the inlet. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed in the housing. The blower is configured to direct air through the spacer material via the inlet. A controller is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly. The controller is configured to start the blower at a first operating speed to direct air through the surface assembly to produce a cooling effect. The controller is also configured to produce a warming effect through the surface assembly in at least one of the following ways: adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed to generate heat and warm air in the housing, wherein the blower is configured to inhale hot air and direct the hot air through the surface assembly; limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower via a flow rate valve to generate heat in the housing and direct the hot air through the surface assembly; recirculating the hot air blown off the outlet to the pneumatic assembly to redirect the hot air through the surface assembly.

[0140] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to produce a warming effect by adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed and limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower.

[0141] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blower is configured to draw air along a height of the blower to warm the air with heat to generate hot air.

[0142] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the switch valve is in fluid communication with the pneumatic assembly and the surface assembly. The switch valve is configured to exhaust hot air blown away from the surface assembly when in an open state in a cooling mode, and to recirculate the blown hot air when in a closed state in a heating mode.

[0143] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the outer cover and the spacer material form a cover layer. The surface assembly includes a cover layer coupled to the cushion layer.

[0144] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a surface assembly includes an underlayment having a spacer material forming a microclimate management layer within the underlayment.

[0145] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the temperature of the air flowing through the surface assembly and producing a cooling effect is 5° C. or less higher than the ambient temperature.

[0146] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the temperature of the hot air flowing through the surface assembly and generating a warming effect is 10° C. to 20° C. higher than the ambient temperature.

[0147] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blown-off hot air recirculated to the pneumatic components has a temperature higher than the ambient temperature.

[0148] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the sensor assembly is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to adjust at least one of the blower and the flow rate valve in response to sensed information from the sensor assembly.

[0149] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the sensor assembly includes a thermal sensor, and the sensed information includes a supply air temperature from the blower.

[0150] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a resistive heater is communicatively coupled to the controller. The resistive heater is configured to generate heat to warm the supply air from the blower.

[0151] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly is coupled to the frame assembly, and the surface assembly is positioned on the frame assembly.

[0152] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly is integrated into the frame assembly, and the surface assembly is positioned on the frame assembly.

[0153] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blanket is fluidly coupled to the pneumatic assembly, wherein the controller is configured to direct air through the blanket to produce a cooling effect and a warming effect through the blanket.

[0154] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a cold and warm surface system includes a surface assembly, which includes an outer cover and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. The pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing. The blower is disposed in the housing, and the blower has an air inlet and an air supply port. The flow rate valve is operably coupled to the air supply port of the blower. The flow rate valve is configured to adjust the air supply flow rate of the blower. The controller is communicatively coupled to the blower and the flow rate valve. The controller is configured to: adjust the flow rate valve to a first flow limiting setting to produce a cooling effect by directing air flow through the surface assembly by the blower; and adjust the flow rate valve to a second flow limiting setting to produce a warming effect by directing hot air flow through the surface assembly by the blower. The second flow limiting setting is higher than the first flow limiting setting so as to strengthen the restriction of the air supply flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat for the blower to capture and producing a warming effect with the hot air flow.

[0155] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to operate the blower at a single operating speed when the flow rate valve is at a first flow restriction setting and a second flow restriction setting.

[0156] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to: adjust the blower to a first operating speed when the flow rate valve is in a first flow restriction setting; and adjust the blower to a higher second operating speed when the flow rate valve is in a second flow restriction setting.

[0157] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the air inlet of the housing is defined near the base of the blower. The air inlet of the blower is defined at the top of the blower.

[0158] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blower is configured to draw air from an air inlet along the height of the blower to capture heat generated by the blower and warm the air so that it is conducted through the surface component as a hot air flow, thereby achieving a warming effect.

[0159] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to actively adjust the flow rate valve between a first flow limiting setting and a second flow limiting setting to respectively reduce and increase the supply air heat from the blower, thereby achieving a cooling effect and a heating effect.

[0160] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the thermal sensor is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve in response to receiving a sensed supply air temperature of the blower from the thermal sensor.

[0161] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the heater is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to selectively activate the heater to increase the supply air temperature from the blower in response to the sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being lower than a predefined temperature. The controller is configured to selectively deactivate the heater to reduce the supply air temperature in response to the sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being higher than a predefined temperature.

[0162] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a cold and warm surface system includes a surface component, which includes an outer cover and a spacing material disposed inside the outer cover. The pneumatic component is in communication with the internal fluid. The pneumatic component includes a package body, which is operably coupled to the inside of the outer cover via an air intake line and a recirculation line. A blower is disposed in the package body, and the blower is configured to guide the airflow through the spacing material. The switch valve is operably coupled to the recirculation line and the inside of the package body. The controller is communicatively coupled to the blower and the switch valve. The controller is configured to: start the blower at a first operating speed for a cooling mode so that the airflow passes through the spacing material to produce a cooling effect; start the blower at a second operating speed for a heating mode so that the airflow passes through the spacing material to produce a heating effect, the second operating speed being higher than the first operating speed to generate heat captured in the airflow; and adjust the switch valve to a closed state in the heating mode to redirect the airflow from the surface component to the blower.

[0163] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to adjust the switch valve to an open state in the cooling mode to exhaust air from the surface assembly.

[0164] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the housing is located in the package, and the blower is arranged in the housing. The air inlet of the housing is defined near the base of the blower. The air inlet of the blower is defined at the top of the blower.

[0165] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blower is configured to draw air from the air inlet along the height of the blower to capture the heat generated by the blower and warm the air so that it passes through the surface component, thereby achieving a warming effect.

[0166] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a pneumatic package includes a flow rate valve operably coupled to an air supply port of a blower.

[0167] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve to a first flow limit setting in the cooling mode and to adjust the flow rate valve to a second flow limit setting in the heating mode. The second flow limit setting is greater than the first flow limit setting to reduce the air flow rate of the air supplied from the blower, thereby generating heat to achieve a heating effect.

[0168] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blower includes a motor, and the electric energy provided to the motor in the temperature increasing mode exceeds the electric energy provided to the motor in the temperature decreasing mode, so as to generate heat.

[0169] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the thermal sensor is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve in response to receiving a sensed supply air temperature of the blower from the thermal sensor.

[0170] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the heater is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to selectively activate the heater to increase the supply air temperature from the blower in response to the sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being lower than a predefined temperature. The controller is configured to selectively deactivate the heater to reduce the supply air temperature in response to the sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being higher than a predefined temperature.

[0171] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a cold and warm surface system includes an outer cover. A spacing material is disposed inside the outer cover. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing that is operably coupled to the interior of the outer cover via an air inlet line. The housing defines an air inlet and an air outlet. A blower is disposed in the housing. The blower has an upper air inlet and an air supply port. The air inlet is defined near the base of the blower. A thermal sensor is configured to sense the supply air temperature from the blower. A controller is communicatively coupled to the blower. The controller is configured to: start the blower at a first operating speed to produce a cooling effect by using the blower to guide airflow through the spacing material; start the blower at a higher second operating speed to generate heat in the housing, wherein the blower is configured to draw air from the air inlet along the height of the blower to warm the air and generate hot air by using the heat in the housing. The blower is configured to guide the hot air through the spacing material, thereby producing a warming effect by using the airflow through the spacing material. The controller is configured to actively adjust the operating speed of the blower in response to the sensed temperature received from the thermal sensor.

[0172] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to reduce the operating speed of the blower when the sensed temperature is higher than a predefined temperature. The controller is configured to increase the operating speed of the blower when the sensed temperature is lower than a predefined temperature.

[0173] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly includes a flow rate valve operably coupled to an air supply port of the blower. The controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve to a first flow limit setting for a cooling effect and to adjust the flow rate valve to a second flow limit setting for a heating effect. The second flow limit setting is greater than the first flow limit setting to reduce the air supply flow rate from the air supply port of the blower, thereby causing the blower to generate heat to achieve a heating effect.

[0174] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an air intake line is connected to fluidly couple the pneumatic assembly to an inlet of the housing. A recirculation line is connected to fluidly couple the pneumatic assembly to an outlet of the housing.

[0175] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly includes a switch valve. For a cooling effect, the switch valve is in an open state to exhaust air from the recirculation line. For a warming effect, the switch valve is in a closed state to redirect hot air from the recirculation line to the blower.

[0176] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to selectively activate and deactivate the heater in response to the sensed temperature.

[0177] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a surface system for patient temperature regulation and microclimate management includes a surface component, which includes an outer cover and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. The pneumatic component is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic component includes a housing. A blower is disposed in the housing. The blower has an air inlet and an air supply port. A flow rate valve is operably coupled to the air supply port of the blower. The flow rate valve is configured to adjust the air supply flow rate of the blower. A controller is communicatively coupled to the blower and the flow rate valve. The controller is configured to adjust at least one of the operating speed of the blower and the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve to selectively utilize the blower to guide airflow through the surface component to produce a cooling effect and a warming effect.

[0178] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to: in the heating mode, maintain the operating speed of the blower, and adjust the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve to increase the flow limit of the supply air flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat to achieve a heating effect.

[0179] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to: in the heating mode, increase the operating speed of the blower, and adjust the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve to increase the flow limit of the air supply flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat to achieve a heating effect.

[0180] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to: in the temperature increase mode, increase the operating speed of the blower to generate heat, and maintain the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve, thereby generating heat to achieve a temperature increase effect.

[0181] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to: in the cooling mode, reduce the operating speed of the blower, and adjust the flow limit setting of the flow rate valve to reduce the flow limit on the supply air flow rate from the blower, thereby achieving a cooling effect.

[0182] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for controlling a temperature-regulating surface system includes: starting a blower in a pneumatic component to generate airflow through a surface component; in a cooling mode, adjusting the blower to a first operating speed; in a cooling mode, adjusting a flow rate valve operably coupled to the blower to a first flow limiting setting for supply air from the blower, wherein the blower at the first operating speed and the flow rate valve at the first flow limiting setting utilize the airflow through the surface component to generate a cooling effect; in a heating mode, adjusting the blower to a second operating speed higher than the first operating speed to generate heat in the airflow; adjusting the flow rate valve to a second flow limiting setting that is more restrictive than the first flow limiting setting for supply air to generate heat in the airflow, wherein the blower is adjusted to a second operating speed and the flow rate valve is adjusted to a second flow limiting setting to utilize the airflow through the surface component to generate a heating effect.

[0183] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for controlling a temperature-regulating surface system includes: starting a blower in a pneumatic component to generate wind flow through the surface component; in a cooling mode, adjusting the blower to a first operating speed to utilize the wind flow to generate a cooling effect; in the cooling mode, adjusting the switch valve to an exhaust state to guide the air blown away from the surface component to an external area; in a heating mode, adjusting the blower to a second operating speed higher than the first operating speed to generate heat in the wind flow, thereby utilizing the wind flow to generate a heating effect; in the heating mode, adjusting the switch valve to a closed state to redirect the air blown away from the surface component to the pneumatic component.

[0184] According to another aspect, a thermostatic and microclimate management surface system for a patient support device includes a surface assembly including a housing having an inlet and an outlet. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the inlet. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed within the housing. The blower is configured to direct air through the surface assembly via the inlet. A controller is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly. The controller is configured to activate the blower at a first operating speed to direct air through the surface assembly to produce a cooling effect, and the controller is further configured to produce a warming effect through the surface assembly in at least one of the following ways: adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed to generate heat within the housing and warm the air, wherein the blower is configured to draw in hot air and direct the hot air through the surface assembly; limiting the supply air flow rate of the blower via a flow rate valve to generate heat within the housing and direct the hot air through the surface assembly; and recirculating the hot air blown off the outlet to the pneumatic assembly to redirect the hot air through the surface assembly.

[0185] According to another aspect, a cooling and heating surface system includes a surface assembly defining an interior. The pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing that is operably coupled to the interior of the housing via an air inlet line. The housing defines an air inlet and an air outlet. A blower is disposed in the housing. The blower has an upper air inlet and an air supply port, wherein the air inlet port is defined near the base of the blower. A thermal sensor is configured to sense the supply air temperature from the blower. A controller is communicatively coupled to the blower. The controller is configured to start the blower at a first operating speed to produce a cooling effect by directing airflow through the interior using the blower. The blower is started at a higher second operating speed to generate heat in the housing. The blower is configured to draw air from the air inlet along the height of the blower to warm the air and generate hot air using the heat in the housing. The blower is configured to direct hot air through the interior, thereby producing a warming effect using the hot air airflow through the interior, and actively adjust the operating speed of the blower in response to receiving a sensed temperature from the thermal sensor.

[0186] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a temperature regulation and microclimate management system for a patient support device includes a blanket, the blanket including an outer cover having an inlet and an outlet and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the inlet. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed in the housing. The blower is configured to guide air through the spacer material via the inlet. A controller is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly. The controller is configured to start the blower at a first operating speed to guide air through the blanket and produce a cooling effect. The controller is also configured to produce a warming effect through the blanket in at least one of the following ways: adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed to generate heat and warm air in the housing, wherein the blower is configured to inhale hot air and guide the hot air through the blanket; limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower via a flow rate valve to generate heat in the housing and guide the hot air through the blanket; recirculating the hot air blown off the outlet to the pneumatic assembly to redirect the hot air through the blanket.

[0187] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to produce a warming effect by adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed and limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower.

[0188] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blower is configured to draw air along a height of the blower to warm the air with heat to generate hot air.

[0189] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the switch valve is in fluid communication with the pneumatic assembly and the blanket. The switch valve is configured to exhaust hot air blown off the blanket when in an open state in a cooling mode, and recirculate the blown hot air when in a closed state in a heating mode.

[0190] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the outer cover and the spacer material form a cover layer. The blanket includes a cover layer coupled to a cushion layer.

[0191] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a blanket includes a cushioning layer, wherein a spacer material of the cushioning layer forms a microclimate management layer within the cushioning layer.

[0192] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the temperature of the air flowing through the blanket and producing a cooling effect is 5° C. or less higher than the ambient temperature.

[0193] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the temperature of the hot air flowing through the blanket and producing a warming effect is 10° C. to 20° C. higher than the ambient temperature.

[0194] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the blown-off hot air recirculated to the pneumatic components has a temperature higher than the ambient temperature.

[0195] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the sensor assembly is communicatively coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to adjust at least one of the blower and the flow rate valve in response to sensed information from the sensor assembly.

[0196] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the sensor assembly includes a thermal sensor, and the sensed information includes a supply air temperature from the blower.

[0197] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a resistive heater is communicatively coupled to the controller. The resistive heater is configured to generate heat to warm the supply air from the blower.

[0198] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly is coupled to the frame assembly, and the blanket is positioned on the frame assembly.

[0199] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the pneumatic assembly is integrated into the frame assembly, and the blanket is positioned on the frame assembly.

[0200] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a warming and microclimate management system for a patient support device includes a temperature regulating component, the temperature regulating component including an outer cover having an inlet and an outlet and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover. A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the inlet. The pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed in the housing. The blower is configured to guide air through the spacer material via the inlet. A controller is communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly. The controller is configured to start the blower at a first operating speed to guide air through the temperature regulating component and produce a cooling effect. The controller is also configured to produce a warming effect through the temperature regulating component in at least one of the following ways: adjusting the blower to a higher second operating speed to generate heat and warm air in the housing, wherein the blower is configured to inhale hot air and guide the hot air through the temperature regulating component; limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower via a flow rate valve to generate heat in the housing and guide the hot air through the temperature regulating component; recirculating the hot air blown off the outlet to the pneumatic assembly to redirect the hot air through the temperature regulating component.

[0201] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a temperature regulating component includes at least one of a surface assembly and a blanket. A temperature regulating mechanism includes a support mechanism, a covering mechanism of the support mechanism having an air receiving mechanism and an air discharging mechanism. A wind flow spacing mechanism is arranged inside the covering mechanism. The wind flow guiding mechanism is in fluid communication with the air receiving mechanism. The wind flow guiding mechanism includes a housing mechanism and an air generating mechanism, the air generating mechanism being configured to generate air via the air receiving mechanism and guide the air through the wind flow spacing mechanism. The control mechanism is communicatively coupled with the wind flow guiding mechanism. The control mechanism is configured to start the air generating mechanism at a first operating speed to guide the air through the support mechanism and produce a cooling effect, and the control mechanism is configured to produce a heating effect by at least one of the following methods: adjusting the air generating mechanism to a higher second operating speed to generate heat in the housing mechanism and warm the air; limiting the air supply flow rate of the air generating mechanism via a flow rate limiting mechanism to generate heat in the housing mechanism; recirculating the hot air blown off from the air generating mechanism to the wind flow guiding mechanism to redirect the hot air through the support mechanism.

[0202] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the construction of the present disclosure and other components is not limited to any specific material.Other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be formed of a variety of materials unless otherwise specified herein.

[0203] For purposes of this disclosure, the term "coupled" (in all its variations) refers generally to the direct or indirect connection of two (electrical or mechanical) components to one another. Such connection may be fixed in nature or movable in nature. Such connection may be achieved by the two (electrical or mechanical) components being integrally formed as a single unitary body with any other intermediate members or by the two components. Such connection may be permanent in nature or removable or releasable in nature, unless otherwise stated.

[0204] It should also be noted that the construction and arrangement of the elements of the present disclosure in the exemplary embodiments are only illustrative. Although the present disclosure only describes several embodiments of the present innovation in detail, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand after reading the present disclosure that many modifications (such as changes in the size, size, structure, shape and proportion, parameter value, installation arrangement, material, color, direction, etc. of various elements) can be made without substantially deviating from the novel teaching and advantages of the subject matter. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts, the element shown as multiple parts can also be integrally formed, the interface operation can be reversible or can be changed in other ways, the length or width of the structure and / or components or connectors or other elements of the system can be variable, and the nature or number of the adjustment position between the elements can be variable. It should be noted that the elements and / or components of the system can be composed of any variety of materials that provide sufficient strength or durability in any variety of colors, textures and combinations. Accordingly, all these modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present innovation. Without departing from the spirit of the present innovation, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made to the design, operating conditions and arrangements of the intended and other exemplary embodiments.

[0205] It should be understood that any of the above processes or process steps can be combined with other disclosed processes or steps to form structures within the scope of the present disclosure. The exemplary structures and processes disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting.

Claims

1. A temperature control and microclimate management system for a patient support device, comprising: A surface assembly including a housing having an inlet and an outlet and a spacer material disposed within the interior of the housing; a pneumatic assembly in fluid communication with the inlet, wherein the pneumatic assembly includes a housing and a blower disposed within the housing, the blower configured to direct air through the spacer material via the inlet; and A controller communicatively coupled to the pneumatic assembly, wherein the controller is configured to activate the blower at a first operating speed to direct air through the surface assembly to produce a cooling effect, and is configured to direct air through the surface assembly to produce a heating effect by at least one of the following: adjusting a blower to a second, higher operating speed to generate heat and warm air within the housing, wherein the blower is configured to draw in heated air and direct the heated air across the surface assembly; limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower via a flow rate valve to generate heat within the housing and direct the hot air through the surface assembly; and Hot air blown off the outlet is recirculated to the pneumatic assembly to redirect the hot air through the surface assembly.

2. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, wherein: The controller is configured to produce the warming effect by adjusting the blower to the second higher operating speed and limiting the air supply flow rate of the blower.

3. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, wherein: The blower is configured to draw air along a height of the blower to warm the air with heat to generate heated air.

4. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, further comprising: A switch valve is in fluid communication with the pneumatic assembly and the surface assembly, wherein the switch valve is configured to exhaust hot air blown off the surface assembly when in an open state in a cooling mode, and to recirculate the blown hot air when in a closed state in a heating mode.

5. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, further comprising: A sensor assembly is communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to adjust at least one of the blower and the flow rate valve in response to sensed information from the sensor assembly.

6. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 5, wherein: The sensor assembly includes a thermal sensor, and the sensed information includes a supply air temperature from the blower.

7. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, further comprising: A resistive heater is communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the resistive heater is configured to generate heat to warm supply air from the blower.

8. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to claim 1, further comprising: A frame assembly is provided, wherein the pneumatic assembly is coupled to the frame assembly and the surface assembly is positioned on the frame assembly.

9. The temperature control and microclimate management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: A blanket fluidly coupled to the pneumatic assembly, wherein the controller is configured to: directing air through the blanket to produce a cooling effect; and A warming effect is produced by the blanket.

10. A cooling and heating surface system, comprising: A surface assembly including an outer cover and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover; A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior, wherein the pneumatic assembly comprises: case; A blower is disposed in the housing, wherein the blower has an air inlet and an air outlet; and a flow rate valve operably coupled to an air supply port of the blower, wherein the flow rate valve is configured to adjust an air supply flow rate of the blower; and a controller communicatively coupled to the blower and the flow rate valve, wherein the controller is configured to: adjusting the flow rate valve to a first flow limiting setting to utilize the blower to direct airflow through the surface assembly to produce a cooling effect; and The flow rate valve is adjusted to a second flow limiting setting to utilize the blower to direct the hot air flow through the surface component to produce a warming effect, wherein the second flow limiting setting is higher than the first flow limiting setting so as to further limit the supply air flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat for the blower to capture and using the hot air flow to produce a warming effect.

11. The cold and warm surface system according to claim 10, wherein: The controller is configured to adjust the blower to a first operating speed when the flow rate valve is at the first restricted flow setting, and to adjust the blower to a second, higher operating speed when the flow rate valve is at the second restricted flow setting.

12. The cold and warm surface system according to claim 10, further comprising: A thermal sensor is communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve in response to receiving a sensed supply air temperature of the blower from the thermal sensor.

13. The cold and warm surface system according to claim 12, further comprising: A heater communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to selectively activate the heater to increase the supply air temperature from the blower in response to a sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being below a predefined temperature, and the controller is configured to selectively deactivate the heater to decrease the supply air temperature in response to a sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being above a predefined temperature.

14. The cold and warm surface system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein: The air inlet of the shell is defined near the base of the blower, and the air intake of the blower is defined at the top of the blower, and the blower is configured to draw air from the air inlet along the height of the blower to capture the heat generated by the blower and warm the air so that it is directed as a hot air flow through the surface component to achieve a warming effect.

15. A cooling and heating surface system, comprising: Surface components, including: outer cover; and a spacer material disposed inside the outer cover; A pneumatic assembly is in fluid communication with the interior, wherein the pneumatic assembly comprises: an enclosure operatively coupled to the interior of the housing via an air intake line and a recirculation line; a blower disposed in the packaging body, wherein the blower is configured to guide airflow through the spacer material; and a switch valve operably coupled to the recirculation line and the interior of the enclosure; and a controller communicatively coupled to the blower and the switch valve, wherein the controller is configured to: In a cooling mode, the blower is started at a first operating speed so that the airflow passes through the spacer material to produce a cooling effect; Starting the blower at a second operating speed for a warming mode to pass the airflow through the spacer material to produce a warming effect, the second operating speed being higher than the first operating speed to produce heat captured in the airflow; and The on-off valve is adjusted to a closed state in the warming mode to redirect the wind flow from the surface assembly to the blower.

16. The cooling and heating surface system according to claim 15, wherein: The pneumatic enclosure includes a flow rate valve operably coupled to the air outlet of the blower, and the controller is configured to: In the cooling mode, adjusting the flow rate valve to a first flow limiting setting; and In the heating mode, the flow rate valve is adjusted to a second flow limiting setting, which is greater than the first flow limiting setting, to reduce the air supply flow rate from the blower, thereby generating heat to achieve a heating effect.

17. The cooling and heating surface system according to claim 16, further comprising: A thermal sensor is communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the flow rate valve in response to receiving a sensed supply air temperature of the blower from the thermal sensor.

18. The cooling and heating surface system according to claim 17, further comprising: A heater communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to selectively activate the heater to increase the supply air temperature from the blower in response to a sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being below a predefined temperature, and the controller is configured to selectively deactivate the heater to decrease the supply air temperature in response to a sensed temperature from the thermal sensor being above a predefined temperature.

19. The cooling and heating surface system according to claim 15, wherein: The blower includes a motor, and electric power supplied to the motor in the temperature increasing mode exceeds electric power supplied to the motor in the temperature decreasing mode so as to generate heat.

20. The cold and warm surface system according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein: The controller is configured to adjust the switch valve to an open state in the cooling mode to exhaust air from the surface assembly.

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