Electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system and method coupling ultrasound and jet flow

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic and jet flow coupled electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system and method. The system comprises an electrochemical polishing device, an ultrasonic device, a jet flow device and a sensing device. The electrochemical polishing device comprises a cathode block and an anode workpiece which are respectively connected with the power supply, the cathode block is fixed at the bottom of the jet device, the ultrasonic device is positioned above the jet device, and the sensing device is respectively connected with the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device and the jet device. The induction device adaptively regulates and controls the ultrasonic device and the jet device according to the polishing process of the electrochemical polishing device on the workpiece so as to perform cooperative control of polishing and strengthening on the surface of the anode workpiece; according to the method, electrochemical polishing and ultrasonic jet flow are integrated, polishing and strengthening of the surface of the workpiece which is not subjected to post-treatment are achieved through a one-step method, the requirement for multiple times of machining and conversion procedures in a traditional method is reduced, and therefore energy consumption and production cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material surface modification and optimization, and in particular to an electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system and method for coupling ultrasound and jet. Background Art

[0002] In the academic field of material processing and manufacturing, the surface quality of a workpiece after processing or forming is often directly related to the final performance, service life and appearance of the product. Therefore, polishing and strengthening the workpiece surface are considered to be a crucial and necessary process. Polishing is to remove the surface roughness, microcracks and residual stress generated during the processing by physical or chemical means, significantly improving the surface finish and flatness of the workpiece. This process not only optimizes the appearance quality of the workpiece, but also lays a good foundation for its subsequent functional enhancement. Strengthening treatment is to further modify the polished surface by changing its microstructure, chemical composition or introducing a special covering layer to improve the key mechanical properties of the workpiece, such as hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Strengthening treatment can ensure that the workpiece maintains stable performance in a complex and changing working environment, extend its service life, and reduce the replacement and maintenance costs caused by surface damage or failure. However, improving surface finish and strengthening the surface cannot usually be achieved simultaneously through existing post-processing technologies. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system and method that couples ultrasound and jet. Through the mutual cooperation of an electrochemical polishing device, an ultrasonic device and a jet device, the polishing and strengthening of the surface of an untreated workpiece is achieved in one step, reducing the need for multiple processing and conversion steps in traditional methods, thereby reducing energy consumption and production costs.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system that couples ultrasound and jet, comprising an electrochemical polishing device, an ultrasonic device, a jet device and a sensing device; the electrochemical polishing device comprises a cathode block and an anode workpiece that are respectively connected to a power source, the cathode block is fixed at the bottom of the jet device, the ultrasonic device is located above the jet device, the sensing device is respectively connected to the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device and the jet device, the sensing device adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device and the jet device according to the polishing process of the workpiece by the electrochemical polishing device, so as to coordinately control the polishing and strengthening of the surface of the anode workpiece.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic device includes an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic controller and an acoustic lens. The ultrasonic generator provides ultrasonic vibrations. The ultrasonic controller adjusts the size and number of bubbles by controlling the frequency and intensity of the ultrasonic generator. The acoustic lens converges or diverges the sound waves, focusing the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the jet device includes a shell, a nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, the middle is a high-pressure area, and the surrounding is a low-pressure area. The cathode block is fixed to the bottom of the jet device by bolts, and a through hole of the same size as the nozzle outlet is opened on the cathode block to allow the polishing liquid to flow through.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cavity formed in the shell is a conical cavity with the top of the cone facing downward, the low-pressure area of ​​the nozzle is connected to the low-pressure fluid pipeline through the conical cavity, and the high-pressure area of ​​the nozzle is connected to the high-pressure fluid pipeline, and pressure pumps are provided on both the low-pressure fluid pipeline and the high-pressure fluid pipeline.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, a fixing device is also included, which includes an ultrasonic jet device fixing platform, a Z-axis movable guide rail, a workpiece fixing platform, and an XY-axis movable guide rail; the jet device is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform, the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform can move up and down along the Z-axis movable guide rail, and the anode workpiece is fixedly connected to the workpiece fixing platform; the workpiece fixing platform can move left and right and forward and backward along the XY-axis movable guide rail.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polishing liquid circulation device includes a polishing liquid storage tank, a filter and a water pump connected in sequence. The polishing liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece fixing platform to collect the used polishing liquid. The polishing liquid storage tank is connected to the jet device through a pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device, the jet device and the induction device are all disposed in a protective shell.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sensing device includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the ultrasonic device, the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the jet device, and the temperature sensor is connected to the polishing liquid.

[0013] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening by coupling ultrasound and jet is provided, which is implemented by the polishing system described in the first aspect, and comprises:

[0014] Fixing the workpiece to be processed on a workpiece fixing table, which is located below the nozzle;

[0015] Adjust the vertical and horizontal distance between the workpiece and the nozzle;

[0016] The electrochemical polishing device is started to electrochemically polish the workpiece. The electrochemical polishing can selectively dissolve the tiny protrusions on the surface of the material and improve the surface finish of the workpiece;

[0017] During the electrochemical polishing process, a jet control system is used to make the polishing liquid flow into the nozzle along the polishing liquid pipeline. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by an ultrasonic controller, and the acoustic lens focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet, causing the polishing liquid to vibrate at high frequency and generate cavitation bubbles, which are sprayed onto the workpiece surface. The bubbles hit the workpiece surface to strengthen the workpiece surface. The sensing device senses the electrochemical polishing process and the strengthening process, and adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device and the jet device to make the polishing rate equal to the strengthening rate, so as to coordinately control polishing and strengthening.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the surface treatment process, processing of different positions on the surface of the workpiece is achieved by moving the fixed platform along the movable guide rail.

[0019] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet provided by the present invention integrates electrochemical polishing and ultrasonic jet, and uses an electrochemical polishing device to achieve polishing treatment on the surface of a workpiece. While polishing, the polishing liquid ejected from the nozzle of the jet device strengthens the surface of the workpiece. During the jetting process, an ultrasonic vibration device is provided to further improve the surface strengthening effect. Through the mutual cooperation between the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device and the jet device, the polishing and strengthening of the surface of the untreated workpiece is achieved in one step, which reduces the need for multiple processing and conversion steps in the traditional method, thereby reducing energy consumption and production costs.

[0021] (2) The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet provided by the present invention needs to achieve the coordination of polishing and strengthening during the working process so that the polishing rate is equal to the strengthening rate. When the polishing rate is greater than the strengthening rate, the surface strengthening layer will be removed by the polishing process and the surface strengthening effect will not be achieved; and when the polishing rate is less than the strengthening rate, the surface material removal rate is too low and the surface will become rougher. In addition, the ultrasonic jet here plays the role of surface strengthening, and it is also necessary to avoid the removal of materials during its action process.

[0022] (3) The electrochemical polishing of the present invention can remove defects such as tiny protrusions, scratches, oxide layers, and welding marks on the surface of the workpiece, making the surface smooth as a mirror, significantly improving the appearance quality of the product. Compared with traditional mechanical polishing and grinding methods, the electrochemical polishing process produces less waste and pollutants, is easy to handle, and has the advantages of high efficiency and uniformity.

[0023] (4) The ultrasonic jet in the present invention will generate a certain residual compressive stress on the surface of the material during the process of impacting the surface of the material. This residual compressive stress helps to improve the fatigue resistance and wear resistance of the material, thereby strengthening the surface of the material. Physical and chemical changes such as phase change and recrystallization may occur on the surface of the material, resulting in improved hardness and strength of the surface layer. In addition, the microjets and shock waves generated when the cavitation bubbles burst can penetrate into the tiny gaps and pores on the surface of the material for fine processing and cleaning. The double-layer structure of the nozzle realizes the combination of high pressure and low pressure, enhances the cavitation effect, and this fine processing effect helps to improve the roughness and flatness of the material surface.

[0024] (5) The electrochemical polishing system provided by the present invention is highly flexible and can be applied to the surface polishing and strengthening of various materials and complex-shaped workpieces. Ultrasonic jet technology can flexibly adjust the pressure and flow rate of the polishing liquid, as well as the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave, to meet the processing requirements of different materials. Electrochemical polishing can adjust the voltage or current to process materials that are difficult to process by mechanical polishing methods. The device can realize trajectory-controlled polishing of three-dimensional surfaces, thereby realizing efficient, precise and controllable processing of complex surfaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system of the present invention coupled with ultrasound and jet;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the end face of the nozzle in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a control flow chart of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Surface morphology comparison diagram of the workpiece after surface treatment in Example 2, wherein (a) represents before treatment and (b) represents after treatment.

[0030] In the figure: 1. electrochemical polishing device; 11. power supply; 12. cathode block; 13. anode workpiece; 2. ultrasonic device; 21. ultrasonic generator; 22. ultrasonic controller; 23. acoustic lens; 3. jet device; 31. polishing liquid; 32. jet controller; 33. shell; 34. high-pressure fluid pipeline; 35. low-pressure fluid pipeline; 36. nozzle; 361. low-pressure fluid inlet; 362. high-pressure fluid inlet; 4. induction device; 5. fixing device; 51. ultrasonic jet device fixing platform; 52. Z-axis moving guide rail; 53. workpiece fixing platform; 54. XY-axis moving guide rail; 6. polishing liquid circulation device; 61. polishing liquid storage tank; 62. filter; 63. water pump; 7. external protective shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a coupled ultrasound and jet electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an electrochemical polishing device 1, an ultrasonic device 2, a jet device 3 and a sensing device 4; the electrochemical polishing device 1 includes a cathode block 12 and an anode workpiece 13 respectively connected to a power supply 11, the cathode block 12 is fixed at the bottom of the jet device 3, the ultrasonic device 2 is located above the jet device 3, the sensing device 4 is respectively connected to the electrochemical polishing device 1, the ultrasonic device 2 and the jet device 3, the sensing device 4 adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device 2 and the jet device 3 according to the polishing process of the workpiece by the electrochemical polishing device 1, so as to coordinately control the polishing and strengthening of the surface of the anode workpiece.

[0034] In this embodiment, the electrochemical polishing device 1 includes a cathode block 12 and an anode workpiece 13 respectively connected to a power source. The cathode block 12 and the anode workpiece 13 are connected through the polishing liquid ejected by the jet device 3 to form a closed circuit to realize electrolysis. The material selection of the cathode block is very important, and the main requirements are good conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength and other characteristics. The cathode block in this embodiment uses a platinum sheet. The workpiece is polished by controlling the voltage and current of the electrochemical polishing device. The cathode block is fixed to the bottom of the jet device. Specifically, the cathode block can be fixed to the bottom of the jet device by bolt connection. There is a hole in the middle of the cathode block that is the same size as the nozzle to allow the polishing liquid to flow out.

[0035] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic device 2 includes an ultrasonic generator 21, an ultrasonic controller 22 and an acoustic lens 23, wherein the ultrasonic generator 21 and the acoustic lens 23 are directly fixed on the top of the jet device 3, the ultrasonic generator 21 directly adopts the existing structure to provide ultrasonic vibration, so that the sound wave path coincides with the central axis of the nozzle, the shape of the acoustic lens 23 is concave, so that the ultrasonic beam forms a focus at the axis nozzle, and the ultrasonic controller 22 adjusts the size and number of bubbles by controlling the frequency and intensity of the ultrasonic generator. Specifically, by setting the frequency of the ultrasonic generator, the frequency range of the sound field is changed, the size and density of the bubbles are controlled, and by increasing or decreasing the ultrasonic output power, the intensity of the sound field is adjusted to control the expansion degree and impact force of the bubbles. For example: under low frequency and high intensity, large bubbles and strong impact force are generated; under high frequency and low intensity, small bubbles and mild impact are generated; under high frequency and high intensity, a large number of tiny bubbles and strong impact force are generated. In specific applications, the frequency and output power of the ultrasonic generator are generally adjusted according to the energy required by materials of different strengths to achieve the adjustment of bubbles and impact force required for material strengthening.

[0036] In this embodiment, the jet device 3 includes a housing 33, and a nozzle 36 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 33. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle 36 adopts a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it. A high-pressure fluid inlet 362 is arranged at the center of the nozzle end face, and the high-pressure fluid inlet 362 is connected to the high-pressure area. An annular low-pressure fluid inlet 361 is arranged on the nozzle end face, and the low-pressure fluid inlet 361 is connected to the low-pressure area. The cathode block 12 is fixed to the bottom of the jet device by bolts, and a through hole 12 with the same size as the nozzle outlet is opened on the cathode block to allow the polishing liquid 31 to flow through.

[0037] Furthermore, the cavity formed in the housing 33 is a conical cavity with the top of the cone facing downward, the low-pressure area of ​​the nozzle 36 is connected to the low-pressure fluid pipeline 35 through the conical cavity, and the high-pressure area of ​​the nozzle 36 is connected to the high-pressure fluid pipeline 34. The low-pressure fluid pipeline 35 and the high-pressure fluid pipeline 34 are both provided with a pressure pump to provide different pressures for the high-pressure fluid and the low-pressure fluid, and the pressure pump controls the pressurization through the jet controller 32. The nozzle 36 adopts the method of high-low pressure jets, and the high-pressure jet and the low-pressure jet form a shear force to induce cavitation, so as to enhance the cavitation effect.

[0038] In this embodiment, the polishing liquid can be selected according to the specific workpiece object, and abrasives can be added to enhance the polishing effect. Finally, the polishing liquid flows out from the nozzle to impact the workpiece.

[0039] In this embodiment, the polishing liquid circulation device 6 includes a polishing liquid storage tank 61, a filter 62 and a water pump 63 which are connected in sequence. The polishing liquid storage tank 61 is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece fixing platform 53 to collect the used polishing liquid. The polishing liquid storage tank 61 is connected to the jet device 3 through a pipeline. A filter 62 and a water pump 63 are arranged on the pipeline. The collected polishing liquid is filtered by the filter 62 and then provided to the jet device 3 through the water pump 63 to realize the recycling and reuse of the polishing liquid.

[0040] In this embodiment, a fixing device 5 is also included, which includes an ultrasonic jet device fixing platform 51, a Z-axis movable guide rail 52, a workpiece fixing platform 53, and an XY-axis movable guide rail 54; the jet device 3 is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform 51, and the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform 51 can move up and down along the Z-axis movable guide rail 52, and the anode workpiece 13 is fixedly connected to the workpiece fixing platform 53; the workpiece fixing platform 53 can move left and right and forward and backward along the XY-axis movable guide rail 54.

[0041] In this embodiment, the electrochemical polishing device 1, the ultrasonic device 2, the jet device 3 and the induction device 4 are all arranged in the outer protective shell 7 to play a protective role.

[0042] In this embodiment, the sensing device 4 includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a controller. Among them, the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the ultrasonic device, and the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the jet device; the current sensor and the voltage sensor are used to monitor the current and voltage changes in the electrochemical polishing process in real time and feedback the polishing status; the ultrasonic sensor monitors the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic device to ensure the stable output of ultrasonic energy; the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are used to detect the flow and pressure of the fluid in the jet device to maintain the jet impact intensity; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the polishing liquid to prevent overheating from affecting the polishing effect. As the core unit, the controller dynamically adjusts the working parameters (frequency and power) of the ultrasonic device and the fluid state (flow and pressure) of the jet device through the existing adaptive algorithm based on the data fed back by the sensor, such as Figure 4 As shown, the coordinated optimization control of ultrasonic and jet strengthening and polishing of the anode workpiece surface is achieved, thereby improving the workpiece surface quality and polishing efficiency.

[0043] The method for using the coupled ultrasound and jet electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] (1) Fixing the workpiece to be processed on a workpiece fixing table, which is located below the nozzle;

[0045] (2) Adjust the vertical and horizontal distances between the workpiece and the nozzle;

[0046] (3) Starting the electrochemical polishing equipment to electrochemically polish the workpiece. Electrochemical polishing can selectively dissolve the tiny protrusions on the surface of the material and improve the surface finish of the workpiece;

[0047] (4) During the electrochemical polishing process, the jet controller is used to control the pressure pump to pressurize the polishing liquid along the high-pressure fluid pipeline and the low-pressure fluid pipeline respectively. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by the ultrasonic controller, and the acoustic lens focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet, so that the polishing liquid generates high-frequency vibrations and generates cavitation bubbles, which are sprayed onto the workpiece surface. The bubbles hit the workpiece surface, which helps to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material, thereby enhancing the surface strengthening effect. The travel time from the cavitation area to the workpiece should be less than the average life of the bubble. The sensing device can sense the electrochemical polishing process, adaptively control the ultrasonic device and the jet device, so that the polishing rate is equal to the strengthening rate, and realize the coordinated control of polishing and strengthening.

[0048] (5) During the surface treatment process, the fixed platform moves along the movable guide rail to achieve processing at different positions on the workpiece surface.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening by coupling ultrasound and jet is provided, comprising:

[0051] Fixing the workpiece to be processed on a workpiece fixing table, which is located below the nozzle;

[0052] Adjust the vertical and horizontal distance between the workpiece and the nozzle;

[0053] The electrochemical polishing device is started to electrochemically polish the workpiece. The electrochemical polishing can selectively dissolve the tiny protrusions on the surface of the material and improve the surface finish of the workpiece;

[0054] During the electrochemical polishing process, a jet control system is used to make the polishing liquid flow into the nozzle along the polishing liquid pipeline. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by an ultrasonic controller, and the acoustic lens focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet, causing the polishing liquid to vibrate at high frequency and generate cavitation bubbles, which are sprayed onto the workpiece surface. The bubbles hit the workpiece surface to strengthen the workpiece surface. The sensing device senses the electrochemical polishing process and the strengthening process, and adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device and the jet device to make the polishing rate equal to the strengthening rate, so as to coordinately control polishing and strengthening.

[0055] Furthermore, during the surface treatment process, the fixed platform is moved along the movable guide rail to achieve processing of different positions on the workpiece surface.

[0056] The block TC4 material printed by laser 3D printing is used as the anode workpiece and polished by the above method, which specifically includes:

[0057] (1) Fixing the workpiece to be processed on a workpiece fixing table, which is located below the nozzle;

[0058] (2) Adjust the vertical distance between the workpiece and the nozzle to 5mm-20mm;

[0059] (3) selecting a 7% volume fraction perchloric acid alcohol solution as a polishing liquid, starting the electrochemical polishing equipment, and electrochemically polishing the workpiece, with the polishing voltage set to 10-20 V and the polishing time set to 5-30 min;

[0060] (4) During the electrochemical polishing process, the polishing liquid is made to flow into the nozzle along the polishing liquid pipeline system by using a jet control system, and the high pressure of the jet of the polishing liquid is set to 10-50 MPa and the low pressure is set to 0.01-5 MPa;

[0061] (5) At the same time, the sensing device can sense the electrochemical polishing process, adaptively control the ultrasonic device and the jet device, and realize the coordinated control of polishing and strengthening. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by the ultrasonic control system. The initial frequency of the ultrasonic generator is set to 20kHz-100kHz, and the initial output power is set to 50W-300W. The acoustic lens focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet, so that the polishing liquid generates high-frequency vibration and generates cavitation bubbles, which are sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece. The bubbles hit the surface of the workpiece, which helps to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material, thereby enhancing the surface strengthening effect;

[0062] (6) During the surface treatment process, the fixed platform moves along the movable guide rail to achieve processing at different positions on the workpiece surface;

[0063] (7) Observe the surface morphology before and after surface treatment. Figure 5 As shown, the surface roughness of the workpiece after treatment is reduced from 15μm to less than 4μm, the surface of the workpiece after treatment is bright and smooth, and the surface microhardness is increased by more than 30%.

[0064] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet, characterized in that: It includes an electrochemical polishing device, an ultrasonic device, a jet device and an induction device; the electrochemical polishing device includes a cathode block and an anode workpiece respectively connected to a power supply, the cathode block is fixed at the bottom of the jet device, the ultrasonic device is located above the jet device, the induction device is respectively connected to the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device and the jet device, and the induction device adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device and the jet device according to the polishing process of the workpiece by the electrochemical polishing device, so as to coordinately control the polishing and strengthening of the surface of the anode workpiece.

2. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system of coupled ultrasound and jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device includes an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic controller and an acoustic lens. The ultrasonic generator provides ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic controller adjusts the size and number of bubbles by controlling the frequency and intensity of the ultrasonic generator. The acoustic lens converges or diverges the sound waves and focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet.

3. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system of coupled ultrasound and jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet device includes a shell, a nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, the middle is a high-pressure area, and the surrounding is a low-pressure area. The cathode block is fixed to the bottom of the jet device by bolts, and a through hole of the same size as the nozzle outlet is opened on the cathode block to allow the polishing liquid to flow through.

4. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system of coupled ultrasound and jet as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The cavity formed in the shell is a conical cavity with the top of the cone facing downward. The low-pressure area of ​​the nozzle is connected to the low-pressure fluid pipeline through the conical cavity, and the high-pressure area of ​​the nozzle is connected to the high-pressure fluid pipeline. Both the low-pressure fluid pipeline and the high-pressure fluid pipeline are provided with a pressure pump.

5. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing device, which includes an ultrasonic jet device fixing platform, a Z-axis movable guide rail, a workpiece fixing platform, and an XY-axis movable guide rail; the jet device is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform, the ultrasonic jet device fixing platform can move up and down along the Z-axis movable guide rail, and the anode workpiece is fixedly connected to the workpiece fixing platform; the workpiece fixing platform can move left and right and forward and backward along the XY-axis movable guide rail.

6. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The polishing liquid circulation device includes a polishing liquid storage box, a filter and a water pump which are connected in sequence. The polishing liquid storage box is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece fixing platform to collect the used polishing liquid. The polishing liquid storage box is connected to the jet device through a pipeline.

7. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic device, the jet device and the induction device are all arranged in the protective shell.

8. The electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening system coupled with ultrasound and jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing device includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrochemical polishing device, the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the ultrasonic device, the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the jet device, and the temperature sensor is connected to the polishing liquid.

9. A method for electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening by coupling ultrasound and jet, implemented by the polishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Fixing the workpiece to be processed on a workpiece fixing table, which is located below the nozzle; Adjust the vertical and horizontal distance between the workpiece and the nozzle; The electrochemical polishing device is started to electrochemically polish the workpiece. The electrochemical polishing can selectively dissolve the tiny protrusions on the surface of the material and improve the surface finish of the workpiece; During the electrochemical polishing process, a jet control system is used to make the polishing liquid flow into the nozzle along the polishing liquid pipeline. The ultrasonic generator is controlled by an ultrasonic controller, and the acoustic lens focuses the generated sound waves near the nozzle outlet, causing the polishing liquid to vibrate at high frequency and generate cavitation bubbles, which are sprayed onto the workpiece surface. The bubbles hit the workpiece surface to strengthen the workpiece surface. The sensing device senses the electrochemical polishing process and the strengthening process, and adaptively regulates the ultrasonic device and the jet device to make the polishing rate equal to the strengthening rate, so as to coordinately control polishing and strengthening.

10. The method for electrochemical polishing and surface strengthening by coupling ultrasound and jet according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the surface treatment process, the fixed platform moves along the movable guide rail to achieve processing at different positions on the workpiece surface.

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