Heterodyne type moisture-permeable light-weight warm-keeping polyester fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a metachromatic moisture-permeable light-weight warm-keeping polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.The metachromatic moisture-permeable light-weight warm-keeping polyester fiber is prepared by extruding a polyester melt from spinneret orifices of a spinneret plate and then sequentially carrying out slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drafting and shaping, interlacing and winding, and the metachromatic moisture-permeable light-weight warm-keeping polyester fiber is obtained. Each spinneret hole consists of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a micro hole from top to bottom; the micropores are composed of spinneret micropores I, communicating grooves and spinneret micropores II; the spinneret micro hole II is an annular hole, and the spinneret micro hole I is communicated with the spinneret micro hole II through a communicating groove; the product is a hollow slub yarn, the length of thick knots is 2-3mm, and the length of thin knots is 5-7mm. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, thick and thin filaments with orientation difference along the fiber cross section and linear density difference along the length direction are formed by utilizing the melt flow velocity ratio of two spinneret micropores with different cross sections, and the thick and thin filaments are uniformly distributed; the prepared product not only has a dark and light color absorption effect, but also has double effects of absorbing moisture, guiding moisture and keeping warm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers and relates to a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic growth, the pursuit of comfort, high-end, health and nature has become a new fashion, and the requirements for clothing are getting higher and higher. Differentiated and functional chemical fiber clothing products have great development space. Therefore, just as general-purpose resins have engineering characteristics through modification, and then seize part of the application market of traditional engineering plastics, becoming a new driving force for the sustainable development of the plastics industry, the chemical fiber industry must also take the path of differentiated development, and improve the profitability and competitiveness of enterprises by increasing the added value of products and realizing differentiated competition among different enterprises. Among the many differentiated polyester fibers, metachromatic polyester fibers not only have the effect of absorbing light and dark colors, but also have multiple characteristics of moisture absorption and quick drying. They are deeply loved by consumers, and various chemical fiber factories are competing to research and develop such products.

[0003] At present, most fiber products on the market have only a single function, which limits their scope of application. The special-shaped hollow fiber is prepared by using special-shaped spinnerets such as "single C", "double C", and "triple C" using polyester melt spinning technology. Its unique groove and hollow structure design not only give the fiber excellent moisture absorption and moisture conduction properties, but also realize the function of lightweight warmth preservation, providing new possibilities for the diversified application of fiber products. The fiber with heterodyne effect is a bamboo-joint fiber prepared by equipment modification and special spinning technology. For example, a patent application with patent announcement number CN205856724U discloses a spinning device for forming bamboo-joint fibers in a composite yarn process, in which the first hot roller includes a cylindrical main body, a heating device arranged on the main body, and a contact layer made of a heat-conducting material and coated on the outside of the main body, and the contact layer is used to contact the silk thread. In this way, a heating zone and a non-heating zone are formed on the contact layer, so that the silk thread is unevenly stretched by subsequent stretching, and finally bamboo-joint fibers are formed to obtain a fiber with a single heterodyne effect.

[0004] If two functions are required at the same time, they can only be mixed in the later processing. However, this increases the production process, which increases the production cost. In addition, the mixing uniformity is difficult to control during mixing, resulting in the two characteristics not being well highlighted.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a heterochromatic polyester fiber with the dual effects of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth retention and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A preparation method of a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight and warm-keeping polyester fiber. After polyester melt is extruded from a spinneret hole of a spinneret plate, the polyester melt is subjected to slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to obtain the metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight and warm-keeping polyester fiber. The spinneret hole consists of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and micropores from top to bottom; the micropores consist of a spinneret micropore I, a connecting groove and a spinneret micropore II; the spinneret micropore II is an annular hole, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to the spinneret micropore II through the connecting groove;

[0009] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II to the spinneret micropore I is a, 1.6≤a≤16, so that the ratio of the melt flow rate V1 ejected from the spinneret micropore II to the melt flow rate V2 ejected from the spinneret micropore I is in the range of 1 / 3.5 to 1 / 2.4;

[0010] The conversion relationship between the cross-sectional area ratio and the melt flow rate ratio is as follows:

[0011] ;

[0012] ;

[0013] ;

[0014] Wherein, V is the melt flow rate of the spinneret, Q is the flow rate of the spinneret, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret, B is the circumference of the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret, L is the length of the spinneret, n is the rheological index, △p is the pressure drop of the spinneret, η is the apparent viscosity; Q1 is the melt flow rate of the spinneret micropore II, Q2 is the melt flow rate of the spinneret micropore I, A1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II, and A2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I;

[0015] Since the polymer melt is a non-Newtonian fluid and a viscoelastic fluid, when the polyester melt is ejected from the spinneret micropores, the melt outflow speed is different when the cross-sectional area in the spinneret micropores is different. The smaller the area, the faster the melt outflow speed. Due to the speed difference, the high-speed melt flow ejected from the spinneret micropore I passes through the connecting groove to impact and merge with the low-speed melt flow ejected from the spinneret micropore II. Since the ejected primary fibers have poor orientation, they are subjected to different tensile stresses during stretching, and there is relaxation during the stretching process. Thick and thin filaments with different linear density appear along the axial direction, and the thick and thin sections are evenly distributed. Because the thick sections absorb dark color and the fine sections absorb light color, the fiber fabric can be given an effect of alternating light and dark colors, and it has the dual effects of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth retention, that is, heterodyned breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber.

[0016] As the preferred technical solution:

[0017] According to the preparation method of the above-mentioned heterochromatic breathable lightweight thermal polyester fiber, the spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch (i.e., the slit distance W2) is 0.04~0.08mm. Within this range of the slit distance W2, after the melt is extruded from the triangular spinneret micropore, the melt expands at the ends of the two disconnected sides, and the ends are bonded to form a hollow cavity, which is formed into a hollow fiber after being thinned and solidified; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4~0.6mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch (i.e., the slit width W1) is 0.1~0.2mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8~1.0mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to a corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove, so that the two sides of the connecting groove are respectively connected to the two outer sides of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch.

[0018] According to the preparation method of the metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber as described above, the spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 85-105 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and cooling air is blown toward the running filaments through the non-porous belt to evenly cool the filaments; the non-porous belt (i.e., the area without spinneret holes) includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 6-10 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, and the four blade non-porous belts are The blades are of the same size and are in the shape of long strips. The two long sides of the long strips are parallel and of the same length. The spacing between the two long sides is 3 to 5 mm. One end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular imperforate belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret. Of the two short sides of the long strips, one coincides with the edge of the circular imperforate belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret. The imperforate belt divides the spinneret into four areas. The spinneret is provided with 36 to 144 spinneret holes, which are evenly distributed in the four areas.

[0019] As described above, in the preparation method of a heterodyne type breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber, the transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole, and the connection between the two transition holes and the metering hole and the micropore can make the melt shrink more gently, guide the melt to enter the micropore continuously and smoothly, avoid the appearance of vortex-shaped melt in the hole, and ensure the continuity of melt flow, because from guide hole → metering hole → transition hole → micropore, it is a gradual shrinking process, the melt enters the small diameter pipe from a large diameter, the streamline of the melt cannot flow along the pipe wall with a sudden turn, but leaves the pipe wall at the change point of the pipe wall, forming an eddy current and generating turbulence, and the vortex is driven by the mainstream to rotate, which is easy to cause unstable melt extrusion.

[0020] The above-mentioned method for preparing a metachromatic breathable lightweight warm polyester fiber, the oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect connector a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect connector b and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0021] The driving motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-plug connector a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-plug connector b.

[0022] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle, which includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder, and oil is stored in the hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0023] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II is 0.3~0.5mm;

[0024] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.3~0.5mm;

[0025] The cross section of the heterodyne type breathable lightweight warm-keeping polyester fiber prepared by the present invention is a special-shaped hollow shape with coarse and fine distribution, and has a relatively high requirement for oiling uniformity. If the existing contact oiling method is used, the tow contacts the porcelain in the oil nozzle during the oiling process, the monofilament is easily damaged, and the oiling uniformity of the inner and outer tows is poor, the CV value of the unevenness of the yarn is large, and the fiber is stretched unevenly during stretching, the CV values ​​of the breaking strength and the breaking elongation are high, the uniformity of the coarse and fine fibers is poor, and the fabric is uneven in depth after dyeing, which seriously affects the product quality;

[0026] Therefore, the present invention designs a non-contact gentle spinning oiling method. During normal production, the driving motor drives the oil emulsion through the coupling in sequence from the oil outlet hole I of the oil pump, the oiling channel of the oil nozzle connecting rod to the oil nozzle, and is sprayed in a mist form from the oil outlet holes II and III in the oil nozzle to oil the inner and outer layer yarn bundles in the yarn passing channel.

[0027] According to the preparation method of the above-mentioned metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber, the oil agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 15-18wt% prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 28-30wt% of a smoothing agent, 36-40wt% of an antistatic agent, 8-10wt% of a sizing agent, 8-10wt% of an emulsifier and 8-10wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, and may also include a small amount of a viscosity additive CPE-1500, an antioxidant 168 (manufactured by Suzhou Jixin Trading Co., Ltd.), a preservative GY-910 (manufactured by Changzhou Runyang Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a pH adjuster AMP-95 (manufactured by Henan Youchuang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.); the smoothing agent is a synthetic ester compound of dodecanol oleic acid CMO (manufactured by Nantong Zhanyi Chemical Co., Ltd.), the antistatic agent is sodium tetradecyl sulfonate 1191-50-0 (manufacturer is Hubei Benuofu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.), the sizing agent is alkyl alcohol amide JH-120 (manufacturer is Xinxiang Jinghong Chemical Co., Ltd.), the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 (manufacturer is Guangzhou Baojili Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the wetting and penetrating agent is dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether EMULGEN147 (manufacturer is Xingwaitian Chemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.); the surface tension of the oil is <34mN / m, and the surface tension test adopts the hydrostatic pressure drop method, which uses the change of hydrostatic pressure to measure the surface tension of the oil. First, the oil to be tested is injected into a closed container, and then a certain amount of water is injected into the container to separate the water and the oil. Then use a thin tube to draw a certain amount of water from the bottom of the container to drop the water level to a certain height. At this time, the height and time of the water level drop can be measured, so as to calculate the surface tension of the oil. By reducing the surface tension and interfacial tension, the oil emulsion can be quickly and evenly spread and adhered to the tow to wet it and improve the tensile performance of the tow at the moment of contact with the oil mist, because the surface tension affects the wetting speed and uniformity of the oil. The lower the surface tension, the faster the wetting speed and the better the uniformity. Especially in high-speed spinning oil, the oil is required to be completely and evenly spread on the surface of the fiber at the moment of contact with the fiber. The oil emulsion sprayed through the oil outlet II and the oil outlet III is delicate and soft like cotton. By applying oil to the inner and outer layers, the uniformity of oiling the tow is improved.

[0028] The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber as described above, wherein the network device used for the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body, and an upper cover;

[0029] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves with an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves;

[0030] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base. Because the nozzle body is usually made of ceramic, the design of the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove can concentrate the force points mainly on the base to avoid damage to the nozzle body.

[0031] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base. The inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body. The size is designed in this way to ensure stable pressure.

[0032] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0033] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are connected to the wire-passing passage;

[0034] The two sides of the wire passage are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite, the depth of the wire passage is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passage is trumpet-shaped; the arc and trumpet-shaped designs are to prevent the wire from hitting the porcelain parts;

[0035] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage. When the angle is set within this range, the filaments are less damaged and the network nodes are also good.

[0036] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0037] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body, and a part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover is detachably fixedly connected to the base;

[0038] The cross section of the polyester fiber prepared in the present invention is a hollow shape with a distribution of coarse and fine details. Due to its special cross section, if the network device of the prior art is used, the uniformity of the coarse and fine details of the fiber cross section is poor, which affects the dyeing effect. The present invention adopts a side double-spray network method to avoid damage to the silk strips during the network process and improve the network degree of the fiber;

[0039] In the prior art, a network nozzle is provided with an air jet hole in the middle of the thread passage, and the direction of the air jet hole is perpendicular to the running thread. The network degree of the fiber is usually improved by increasing the compressed air pressure in the air jet hole. Since the compressed air air jet hole in the nozzle is perpendicular to the running thread, the compressed air jet speed ejected from the air jet hole is too high, so that the collision between the thread bundle and the nozzle is too intense, and some single fibers in the thread bundle are damaged, resulting in a decrease in the strength and elongation of the fiber and uneven dyeing.

[0040] In the present invention, compressed air enters the cylindrical groove and cylindrical hole II in the nozzle body from the cylindrical hole I on the base in turn, and then blows from both sides to the silk strips running in the silk channel in the nozzle body through the outlet of the cylindrical hole II. The silk strips are entangled and intertwined by the compressed air blown from both sides to form network nodes. The network compressed air of this device blows obliquely from both sides of the silk bundle to the running silk bundle. Under the action of the network compressed air on both sides, the fluid in the silk channel is turbulent, and the monofilaments in the running silk bundle are easily loosened and entangled with each other to form uniform and high-strength network nodes. The device has low gas consumption, and the pressure provided by the compressed air only needs 60% of the existing pressure (because it is blown to the silk bundle from both sides of the compressed air, so only 60% of the existing pressure is needed) to achieve a network node with good strength, and will not cause damage to the monofilaments in the silk bundle.

[0041] The method for preparing the above-mentioned metachromatic breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber has the following process parameters: spinning temperature 289~292°C; cooling temperature 19~22°C; slow cooling zone temperature 300~320°C; drafting roller speed 1800~2200m / min, drafting roller temperature 79~82°C; shaping roller speed 3550~3900m / min, shaping roller temperature 118~122°C; winding speed 3500~3800m / min, winding tension 0.18~0.23cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26~0.28MPa.

[0042] The present invention also provides a metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber prepared by the method described in any one of the above items. The metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn, which is formed by alternating thick nodes and thin nodes. The length of the thick nodes is 2-3 mm, and the length of the thin nodes is 5-7 mm. The fineness of the metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 33-55 dtex, the F number is 36-144, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is ≥3.6 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is ≤2.6%, the breaking elongation is 32.5±4%, the breaking elongation CV value is ≤5.0%, the yarn unevenness CV value is ≤0.90%, the boiling water shrinkage is 7.3±0.8%, the oiling rate is 1.2±0.2%, and the hollow rate is 20-30%.

[0043] Beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) A method for preparing a heterochromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber of the present invention, wherein the spinneret micropores are designed to be two spinneret micropores with different cross-sections connected by an intermediate connecting groove, and the melt flow rate ratio of the two spinneret micropores with different cross-sections is utilized to form thick and thin filaments with orientation difference along the fiber cross-section and linear density difference along the length direction, and the thick and thin filaments are evenly distributed. Because the orientation degree of the thick section is low and the orientation degree of the thin section is high, under the same dyeing conditions, the thick section absorbs deep color and the thin section absorbs light color, and the fiber fabric can be given an effect of alternating light and dark colors after dyeing;

[0045] (2) A method for preparing a heterochromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber of the present invention, wherein a non-contact method is used when oiling the yarn bundle, and an oil emulsion is sprayed in a mist form from an oil outlet in an oil spray nozzle to oil the inner and outer layers of the yarn bundle in the yarn passage, thereby reducing the damage to the yarn strands and improving the uniformity of the oiling of the yarn bundle;

[0046] (3) The preparation method of the heterochromatic moisture-permeable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber of the present invention adopts a side oblique double-spraying interlacing method, in which compressed air is blown obliquely from both sides into the running tow, which can not only improve the interlacing degree of the fiber, but also prevent the tow from being damaged during the interlacing process, improve the post-processing performance of the fiber, and on the other hand, save energy;

[0047] (4) The heterodyne type breathable lightweight warm polyester fiber prepared by the method of the present invention not only has the effect of absorbing light and dark colors, but also has the dual effects of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and warmth preservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of spinneret hole distribution;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the spinneret microhole;

[0050] Figure 3 The internal structure diagram of the spinneret hole;

[0051] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional view of the fiber;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oiling device;

[0053] Figures 6 and 7 Schematic diagram of the fuel injector at different angles;

[0054] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a nozzle device;

[0055] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a nozzle device base;

[0056] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nozzle device base and the nozzle body when assembled;

[0057] Fig.11 It is a back view of the nozzle device base and the nozzle body when assembled;

[0058] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle body;

[0059] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the back side of the nozzle body;

[0060] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the upper cover;

[0061] Among them, 1-spinneret, 2-spinneret hole, 3-guide hole, 4-metering hole, 5-first transition hole, 6-second transition hole, 7-micropore, 8-holeless belt, 9-spinneret micropore I, 10-spinneret micropore II, 11-connecting groove, 12-drive motor, 13-coupling, 14-oil pump, 15-oil outlet hole I, 16-quick plug connector a, 17-upper oil pipe, 18-quick plug connector b, 19-injector nozzle, 20-oil outlet hole II, 21-oil outlet hole III, 23-base, 24-nozzle body, 25-upper cover, 26-cylindrical hole I, 27-superior arc groove, 28-inferior arc groove, 29-screw, 30-gasket, 31-cylindrical groove, 32-cylindrical hole II, 33-wire passage, 34-wire guide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0063] The test method involved in the present invention is as follows:

[0064] Linear density deviation rate: adopt the calculation formula in GB / T 14343-2008 Test method for linear density of chemical fiber filaments, i.e. (actual linear density - theoretical linear density) / theoretical linear density * 100%;

[0065] Breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, breaking elongation and breaking elongation CV value: The fiber is pulled to break under uniform tension at a constant speed using a Changzhou YG023B single yarn strength tester. The breaking strength, breaking strength CV value, breaking elongation and breaking elongation CV value of the sample are obtained from the data display. For specific test methods, refer to "GB / T 14344-2008 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Synthetic Filament";

[0066] CV value of yarn unevenness: measured by Uster-Ⅳ yarn evenness meter. When the yarn passes through the air capacitor composed of two parallel metal plates at the detection point, the change in the weight per unit length of the yarn causes a corresponding change in capacitance. The change rate of capacitance is linearly related to the change in the weight of the yarn between the plates of the detection capacitor. The unevenness is displayed by the automatic integrator, thereby obtaining the yarn unevenness of the sample. For specific test methods, refer to "GB / T 14346-2015 Test Method for Electronic Strip Unevenness of Chemical Fiber Filaments";

[0067] Boiling water shrinkage: Use heat treatment medium (boiling water or dry hot air) under specified conditions, measure the change in sample length before and after treatment, and calculate its percentage to the original sample length, thereby obtaining the boiling water shrinkage. For specific test methods, refer to "GB / T 6505-2017 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage of Chemical Fiber Filaments";

[0068] Oiling rate: Use a nuclear magnetic resonance fiber oiling rate tester, select a section of fiber according to the nuclear magnetic resonance method to test the oiling rate of the sample. For specific test methods, refer to "GB / T 6504-2008 Test method for oil content of chemical fibers";

[0069] Hollowness: (volume of the hollow part in the center of the fiber / volume of the entire fiber) × 100%; the volume of the hollow part in the center of the fiber is obtained by microscopic observation, and the volume of the entire fiber is obtained by microscopic measurement.

[0070] Sources of some raw materials of the present invention:

[0071] Smoothing agent: synthetic esters of dodecanol oleic acid, CMO, manufacturer: Nantong Zhanyi Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0072] Antistatic agent: sodium tetradecyl sulfonate, CAS: 1191-50-0, manufacturer: Hubei Benuofu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0073] Clustering agent: Alkyl alcohol amide, JH-120, manufacturer: Xinxiang Jinghong Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0074] Emulsifier: Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, OP-10, manufacturer: Guangzhou Baojili Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0075] Wetting and penetrating agent: dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, EMULGEN147, manufacturer: Xingwaitian Chemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.;

[0076] Viscosity additive: CPE-1500;

[0077] Antioxidant: Antioxidant 168, Manufacturer: Suzhou Jixin Trading Co., Ltd.;

[0078] Preservative: GY-910, manufacturer: Changzhou Runyang Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0079] pH adjuster: AMP-95, manufacturer: Henan Youchuang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, the specific process is as follows:

[0082] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret hole 2 of the spinneret 1, it is subjected to slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to obtain a heterodyne type moisture permeable lightweight warm polyester fiber;

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 85 mm; a non-porous belt 8 is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt 8 includes a circular non-porous belt and 4 blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 6 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the 4 blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of long strips, the two long sides of the long strips are parallel and have the same length, the spacing between the two long sides is 3 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into 4 areas, and 36 spinneret holes are provided on the spinneret, which are evenly distributed in the 4 areas;

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, the spinneret hole 2 is composed of a guide hole 3, a metering hole 4, a transition hole and a micro hole 7 from top to bottom; the transition hole is composed of a first transition hole 5 and a second transition hole 6 from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole 6 is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole 5;

[0085] The cross section of the micropore 7 is composed of a spinning micropore I 9, a connecting groove 11 and a spinning micropore II 10;

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the spinneret micropore I 9 is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II 10 is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch (i.e., the slit distance W2 is 0.08 mm); the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.6 mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch (i.e., the slit width W1 is 0.2 mm); the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 1.0 mm, and the spinneret micropore I 9 is connected to one corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove 11;

[0087] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II 10 to the spinneret micropore I 9 is 16;

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, the oiling device used for oiling includes a drive motor 12, a coupling 13, an oil pump 14, a quick-connect connector a 16, an oiling pipe 17, a quick-connect connector b 18 and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0089] The driving motor 12 is connected to the oil pump 14 through a coupling 13. The oil pump 14 is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I 15. One end of the upper oil pipe 17 is connected to the oil outlet hole I 15 through a quick-connection joint a 16. The other end of the upper oil pipe 17 is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-connection joint b 18.

[0090] like Figures 6 and 7 As shown, the nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle 19, and the nozzle 19 includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0091] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II 20, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II 20 is 0.3 mm;

[0092] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III 21, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III 21 is 0.3 mm;

[0093] like Figure 8 As shown, the network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base 23, a nozzle body 24 and an upper cover 25;

[0094] like Figures 9 to 14 As shown, a nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base 23, and a cylindrical hole I 26 penetrating the base 23 is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves 27 with arc-shaped cross sections are provided on both sides of the base 23, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves 27;

[0095] The two sides of the nozzle body 24 are provided with inferior arc grooves 28 with inferior arc cross sections. When the nozzle body 24 is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove 27 and the inferior arc groove 28 form a circular groove. A rigid gasket 30 is placed in the circular groove. The screw 29 passes through the rigid gasket 30 and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body 24 and the base 23.

[0096] Two cylindrical grooves 31 are provided on one side of the nozzle body 24 opposite to the base 23. The inner diameter of the cylindrical groove 31 is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I 26, and the depth of the cylindrical groove 31 is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body 24.

[0097] A cylindrical hole II 32 penetrating the nozzle body 24 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove 31; one end of the cylindrical hole II 32 is connected to the cylindrical hole I 26 through the cylindrical groove 31;

[0098] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body 24 away from the base 23, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II 32 are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and communicated with the wire-passing passage;

[0099] The two sides of the wire passage 33 are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite, the depth of the wire passage 33 is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire passage is trumpet-shaped;

[0100] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II 32 forms an angle of 60° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage;

[0101] Wire guides 34 are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides 34 are fixedly connected to the base 23;

[0102] The upper cover 25 is disposed above the nozzle body 24 and fits with the nozzle body 24. Part of the upper cover 25 and the wire passage form a hollow structure. The upper cover 25 is detachably fixedly connected to the base 23.

[0103] The oiling agent used for oiling is a 15wt% emulsion prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 30wt% of smoothing agent, 36wt% of antistatic agent, 8wt% of sizing agent, 8wt% of emulsifier, 10wt% of wetting and penetrating agent, 3.5wt% of viscosity additive, 2wt% of antioxidant, 1.5wt% of preservative and 1wt% of pH adjuster; the surface tension of the oiling agent is 29mN / m;

[0104] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 289°C; cooling temperature 19°C; slow cooling zone temperature 300°C; drafting roller speed 1800m / min, drafting roller temperature 82°C; shaping roller speed 3900m / min, shaping roller temperature 122°C; winding speed 3800m / min, winding tension 0.18cN / dtex; network pressure 0.28MPa.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the final heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn with a thick node length of 3 mm and a thin node length of 5 mm; the fineness of the heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 33 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 4.02 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.2%, the breaking elongation is 34.1%, the breaking elongation CV value is 2.1%, the yarn unevenness CV value is 0.6%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.6%, the oiling rate is 1.1%, and the hollow rate is 30%.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, the specific process is as follows:

[0108] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to produce a heterodyned, breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber.

[0109] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 90 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 7 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the four blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of long strips, the two long sides of the long strips are parallel and have the same length, the interval between the two long sides is 3.5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strips, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into four areas, and the spinneret is provided with 48 spinneret holes, which are evenly distributed in the four areas;

[0110] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a microhole from top to bottom; the cross section of the microhole is composed of a spinneret microhole I, a connecting groove and a spinneret microhole II;

[0111] The spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.07 mm; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.55 mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.18 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.95 mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0112] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II to the spinneret micropore I is 10;

[0113] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole;

[0114] The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect joint a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0115] The driving motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-plug connector a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-plug connector b.

[0116] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0117] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II is 0.35mm;

[0118] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.35 mm;

[0119] The network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0120] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves with an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves;

[0121] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base.

[0122] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base, the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0123] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0124] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are connected to the wire-passing passage;

[0125] The two sides of the wire-passing channel are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite to each other, the depth of the wire-passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire-passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0126] The moving direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 55° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage;

[0127] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0128] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body, and a part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover is detachably fixedly connected to the base;

[0129] The oiling agent used for oiling is a 16wt% emulsion prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 30wt% of a smoothing agent, 38wt'% of an antistatic agent, 9wt% of a sizing agent, 9wt% of an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 9wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 2.5wt% of a viscosity additive, 1.0wt% of an antioxidant, 1.0wt% of a preservative and 0.5wt% of a pH adjuster; the surface tension of the oiling agent is 30mN / m;

[0130] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 290℃; cooling temperature 20℃; slow cooling zone temperature 305℃; drafting roller speed 1900m / min, drafting roller temperature 81℃; shaping roller speed 3830m / min, shaping roller temperature 121℃; winding speed 3750m / min, winding tension 0.19cN / dtex; network pressure 0.275MPa.

[0131] The final heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn with a thick node length of 2.9 mm and a thin node length of 6 mm; the fineness of the heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 40 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.98 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.6%, the breaking elongation is 33.5%, the breaking elongation CV value is 2.4%, the yarn unevenness CV value is 0.65%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.4%, the oiling rate is 1.2%, and the hollow rate is 28%.

[0132] Example 3

[0133] A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, the specific process is as follows:

[0134] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to produce a heterodyned, breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber.

[0135] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 95 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 8 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the four blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of long strips, the two long sides of the long strips are parallel and have the same length, the interval between the two long sides is 4 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strips, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into four areas, and the spinneret is provided with 72 spinneret holes, which are evenly distributed in the four areas;

[0136] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a microhole from top to bottom; the cross section of the microhole is composed of a spinneret microhole I, a connecting groove and a spinneret microhole II;

[0137] The spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.06 mm; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.5 mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.15 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.9 mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0138] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II to the spinneret micropore I is 5;

[0139] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole;

[0140] The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect joint a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0141] The driving motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-plug connector a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-plug connector b.

[0142] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0143] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II is 0.4 mm;

[0144] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.4 mm;

[0145] The network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0146] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves with an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves;

[0147] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base.

[0148] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base, the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0149] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0150] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are connected to the wire-passing passage;

[0151] The two sides of the wire-passing channel are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite to each other, the depth of the wire-passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire-passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0152] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 50° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage;

[0153] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0154] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body, and a part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover is detachably fixedly connected to the base;

[0155] The oiling agent used for oiling is a 17wt% emulsion prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 29wt% of smoothing agent, 39wt% of antistatic agent, 9wt% of sizing agent, 9wt% of emulsifier and 9wt% of wetting and penetrating agent, 2.0wt% of viscosity additive, 1.5wt% of antioxidant, 1.0wt% of preservative and 0.5wt% of pH adjuster; the surface tension of the oiling agent is 31mN / m;

[0156] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 291°C; cooling temperature 21°C; slow cooling zone temperature 310°C; drafting roller speed 2000m / min, drafting roller temperature 81°C; shaping roller speed 3670m / min, shaping roller temperature 120°C; winding speed 3600m / min, winding tension 0.2cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26MPa.

[0157] The final heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn with a thick node length of 2.8 mm and a thin node length of 6.2 mm; the fineness of the heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 50 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.9 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.7%, the breaking elongation is 33.2%, the breaking elongation CV value is 2.6%, the yarn unevenness CV value is 0.72%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.4%, the oiling rate is 1.26%, and the hollow rate is 26%.

[0158] Example 4

[0159] A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, the specific process is as follows:

[0160] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to produce a heterodyned, breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber.

[0161] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 100 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 9 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the four blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of long strips, the two long sides of the long strips are parallel and have the same length, the interval between the two long sides is 4.5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strips, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into four areas, and the spinneret is provided with 96 spinneret holes, which are evenly distributed in the four areas;

[0162] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a microhole from top to bottom; the cross section of the microhole is composed of a spinneret microhole I, a connecting groove and a spinneret microhole II;

[0163] The spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.05 mm; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.45 mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.12 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.85 mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0164] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II to the spinneret micropore I is 3;

[0165] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole;

[0166] The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect joint a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0167] The driving motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-plug connector a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-plug connector b.

[0168] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0169] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II is 0.45mm;

[0170] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.45 mm;

[0171] The network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0172] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves with an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves;

[0173] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base.

[0174] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base, the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0175] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0176] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are connected to the wire-passing passage;

[0177] The two sides of the wire-passing channel are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite to each other, the depth of the wire-passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire-passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0178] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 48° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage;

[0179] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0180] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body, and a part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover is detachably fixedly connected to the base;

[0181] The oil used for oiling is a 17.5wt% emulsion prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 28wt% of a smoothing agent, 40wt% of an antistatic agent, 10wt% of a sizing agent, 10wt% of an emulsifier, 8wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent, 1.6wt% of a viscosity additive, 1.2wt% of an antioxidant, 0.8wt% of a preservative and 0.4wt% of a pH adjuster; the surface tension of the oil is 32mN / m;

[0182] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 291.5℃; cooling temperature 21.5℃; slow cooling zone temperature 315℃; drawing roller speed 2100m / min, drawing roller temperature 80℃; shaping roller speed 3610m / min, shaping roller temperature 119℃; winding speed 3550m / min, winding tension 0.21cN / dtex; network pressure 0.265MPa.

[0183] The final heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn with a thick node length of 2.4 mm and a thin node length of 6.8 mm; the fineness of the heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 55 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.85 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 1.9%, the breaking elongation is 32.5%, the breaking elongation CV value is 3%, the yarn unevenness CV value is 0.78%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.2%, the oiling rate is 1.32%, and the hollow rate is 22%.

[0184] Example 5

[0185] A method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, the specific process is as follows:

[0186] After the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of the spinneret, it undergoes slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to produce a heterodyned, breathable, lightweight and warm polyester fiber.

[0187] The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 105 mm; a non-porous belt is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 10 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the four blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of long strips, the two long sides of the long strips are parallel and have the same length, the interval between the two long sides is 5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strips, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into four areas, and the spinneret is provided with 144 spinneret holes, which are evenly distributed in the four areas;

[0188] The spinneret hole is composed of a guide hole, a metering hole, a transition hole and a microhole from top to bottom; the cross section of the microhole is composed of a spinneret microhole I, a connecting groove and a spinneret microhole II;

[0189] The spinneret micropore I is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.04 mm; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4 mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.1 mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8 mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to one corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove;

[0190] The cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore II is S1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinneret micropore I is S2, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II to the spinneret micropore I is 1.6;

[0191] The transition hole consists of a first transition hole and a second transition hole from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole;

[0192] The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor, a coupling, an oil pump, a quick-connect joint a, an oiling pipe, a quick-connect joint b, and an oil nozzle connecting rod;

[0193] The driving motor is connected to the oil pump through a coupling. The oil pump is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes I. One end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet hole I through a quick-plug connector a, and the other end of the upper oil pipe is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod through a quick-plug connector b.

[0194] The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are connected to each other; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod;

[0195] The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II is 0.5 mm;

[0196] The circumference of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III, and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III is 0.5 mm;

[0197] The network device used in the network is a side double-spray network device, including a base, a nozzle body and an upper cover;

[0198] A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base, and a cylindrical hole I penetrating the base is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves with an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base, and holes are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped grooves;

[0199] Both sides of the nozzle body are provided with inferior arc grooves with inferior arc cross-sections. When the nozzle body is placed in the nozzle body groove, the superior arc groove and the inferior arc groove form a circular groove. A rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove. The screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body and the base.

[0200] Two cylindrical grooves are provided on the side of the nozzle body opposite to the base, the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I, and the depth of the cylindrical groove is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body;

[0201] A cylindrical hole II penetrating the nozzle body is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove; one end of the cylindrical hole II is connected with the cylindrical hole I through the cylindrical groove;

[0202] A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body away from the base, and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are connected to the wire-passing passage;

[0203] The two sides of the wire-passing channel are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite to each other, the depth of the wire-passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire-passing channel is trumpet-shaped;

[0204] The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II forms an angle of 45° with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage;

[0205] Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base;

[0206] The upper cover is arranged above the nozzle body and fits with the nozzle body, and a part of the upper cover and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover is detachably fixedly connected to the base;

[0207] The oiling agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 18wt% prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 28wt% of synthetic ester compound of dodecyl oleic acid, 40wt'% of sodium tetradecyl sulfonate, 10wt% of alkyl alcohol amide, 10wt% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 8wt% of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5wt% of viscosity additive, 1.2wt% of antioxidant, 0.8wt% of preservative and 0.5wt% of pH adjuster; the surface tension of the oiling agent is 33mN / m;

[0208] The process parameters are: spinning temperature 292°C; cooling temperature 22°C; slow cooling zone temperature 320°C; drafting roller speed 2200m / min, drafting roller temperature 79°C; shaping roller speed 3550m / min, shaping roller temperature 118°C; winding speed 3500m / min, winding tension 0.23cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26MPa.

[0209] The final heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn with a thick node length of 2 mm and a thin node length of 7 mm; the fineness of the heterodyned breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 55 dtex, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is 3.71 cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is 2%, the breaking elongation is 32.1%, the breaking elongation CV value is 3.5%, the yarn unevenness CV value is 0.82%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 7.1%, the oiling rate is 1.4%, and the hollow rate is 20%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a metachromatic, breathable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, wherein after the polyester melt is extruded from the spinneret holes of a spinneret (1), the polyester melt is subjected to slow cooling, cooling, oiling, drawing and shaping, networking and winding in sequence to prepare the metachromatic, breathable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber, characterized in that: The spinneret hole (2) is composed of a guide hole (3), a metering hole (4), a transition hole and a microhole (7) from top to bottom; the microhole (7) is composed of a spinneret microhole I (9), a connecting groove (11) and a spinneret microhole II (10); The spinneret micropore II (10) is an annular hole, and the spinneret micropore I (9) is connected to the spinneret micropore II (10) through the connecting groove (11); the cross-sectional area ratio of the spinneret micropore II (10) to the spinneret micropore I (9) is a, 1.6≤a≤16.

2. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinneret micropore I (9) is a circular hole; the spinneret micropore II (10) is an equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch, and the distance between the two ends of the notch is 0.04~0.08mm; the outer side length L1 of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.4~0.6mm; the width of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch is 0.1~0.2mm; the connecting groove is a rectangular hole with a length of 0.8~1.0mm, and the spinneret micropore I is connected to a corner of the equilateral triangular annular hole with a notch through the connecting groove.

3. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spinneret is a circular spinneret with a diameter of 85-105 mm; a non-porous belt (8) is provided on the circular spinneret, and the non-porous belt (8) includes a circular non-porous belt and four blade non-porous belts; the diameter of the circular non-porous belt is 6-10 mm, the center of the circular non-porous belt coincides with the center of the spinneret, the four blade non-porous belts have the same size, the blades are in the shape of a long strip, the two long sides of the long strip are parallel and have the same length, the interval between the two long sides is 3-5 mm, one end of each long side is connected to the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other end is connected to the edge of the spinneret; of the two short sides of the long strip, one coincides with the edge of the circular non-porous belt, and the other coincides with the edge of the spinneret; the non-porous belt divides the spinneret into four areas, and the spinneret is provided with 36-144 spinneret holes evenly distributed in the four areas.

4. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition hole consists of a first transition hole (5) and a second transition hole (6) from top to bottom, and the diameter of the second transition hole (6) is smaller than the diameter of the first transition hole (5).

5. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oiling device used for oiling includes a driving motor (12), a coupling (13), an oil pump (14), a quick-connect connector a (16), an oiling pipe (17), a quick-connect connector b (18) and an oil nozzle connecting rod; The driving motor (12) is connected to the oil pump (14) via a coupling (13); a plurality of oil outlet holes I (15) are provided on the oil pump (14); one end of the upper oil pipe (17) is connected to the oil outlet hole I (15) via a quick-connect connector a (16); and the other end of the upper oil pipe (17) is connected to the oil nozzle connecting rod via a quick-connect connector b (18); The nozzle connecting rod is provided with a nozzle (19), and the nozzle (19) comprises an open hollow ring and a hollow cylinder; a bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner ring surface of the hollow ring, and the open hollow ring and the hollow cylinder are interconnected; the central axis of the hollow cylinder is directly opposite to the opening position of the open hollow ring, and coincides with the central axis of the nozzle connecting rod; The inner ring surface of the hollow ring is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes II (20), and the diameter of the oil outlet holes II (20) is 0.3-0.5 mm; The circumferential surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with evenly distributed oil outlet holes III (21), and the diameter of the oil outlet holes III (21) is 0.3-0.5 mm.

6. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oiling agent used for oiling is an emulsion with a concentration of 15-18wt% prepared by adding crude oil to pure water; the crude oil includes 28-30wt% of a smoothing agent, 36-40wt% of an antistatic agent, 8-10wt% of a sizing agent, 8-10wt% of an emulsifier and 8-10wt% of a wetting and penetrating agent; the smoothing agent is a synthetic ester compound, the antistatic agent is sodium tetradecyl sulfonate, the sizing agent is an alkyl alcohol amide, the emulsifier is an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and the wetting and penetrating agent is dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether; the surface tension of the oiling agent is <34mN / m.

7. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The netting device used in the netting is a side double-spray netting device, comprising a base (23), a nozzle body (24) and an upper cover (25); A nozzle body groove is provided at the center of the base (23), and a cylindrical hole I (26) penetrating the base (23) is provided at the bottom of the nozzle body groove; arc-shaped grooves (27) having an arc-shaped cross section are provided on both sides of the base (23), and a hole is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove (27); A minor arc groove (28) having a minor arc cross section is provided on both sides of the nozzle body (24); when the nozzle body (24) is placed in the nozzle body groove, the major arc groove (27) and the minor arc groove (28) form a circular groove; a rigid gasket is placed in the circular groove; a screw passes through the rigid gasket and cooperates with the hole to fix the nozzle body (24) and the base (23); Two cylindrical grooves (31) are provided on a surface of the nozzle body (24) opposite to the base (23), the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove (31) is 1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical hole I (26), and the depth of the cylindrical groove (31) is 1 / 2 of the thickness of the nozzle body (24); A cylindrical hole II (32) penetrating the nozzle body (24) is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove (31); one end of the cylindrical hole II (32) is connected to the cylindrical hole I (26) through the cylindrical groove (31); A wire-passing passage is provided on one side of the nozzle body (24) facing away from the base (23), and the other ends of the two cylindrical holes II (32) are respectively located on both sides of the wire-passing passage and are in communication with the wire-passing passage; The two sides of the wire-passing channel are arc-shaped, the arc-shaped protrusions are opposite to each other, the depth of the wire-passing channel is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the nozzle body, and the outlet of the wire-passing channel is trumpet-shaped; The direction of the airflow ejected from the outlet of the cylindrical hole II (32) forms an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the direction of the filament bundle running in the filament passage; Wire guides are provided at the outlet and the inlet of the wire passage, and the wire guides are fixedly connected to the base (23); The upper cover (25) is arranged above the nozzle body (24) and fits with the nozzle body (24); a partial area of ​​the upper cover (25) and the wire passage form a hollow structure; the upper cover (25) and the base (23) are detachably fixedly connected.

8. The method for preparing a metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters are: spinning temperature 289~292℃; cooling temperature 19~22℃; slow cooling zone temperature 300~320℃; drafting roller speed 1800~2200m / min, drafting roller temperature 79~82℃; shaping roller speed 3550~3900m / min, shaping roller temperature 118~122℃; winding speed 3500~3800m / min, winding tension 0.18~0.23cN / dtex; network pressure 0.26~0.28MPa.

9. A metachromatic moisture-permeable, lightweight, warm-keeping polyester fiber prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is a hollow bamboo-node yarn, which is composed of thick nodes and thin nodes alternately connected. The length of the thick nodes is 2~3mm, and the length of the thin nodes is 5~7mm. The fineness of the metachromatic breathable lightweight thermal insulation polyester fiber is 33~55dtex, the F number is 36~144, the linear density deviation rate is 0.05%, the breaking strength is ≥3.6cN / dtex, the breaking strength CV value is ≤2.6%, the breaking elongation is 32.5±4%, the breaking elongation CV value is ≤5.0%, the yarn unevenness CV value is ≤0.90%, the boiling water shrinkage is 7.3±0.8%, the oiling rate is 1.2±0.2%, and the hollow rate is 20~30%.

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