Embedded petroleum perforation system based on multi-sensor coupling recognition

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of oil exploitation engineering, in particular to an embedded oil perforation system based on multi-sensor coupling recognition, which introduces an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor to collect system motion state data, processes a CCL (Content Control List) signal and the system motion state data through a core control module, and comprehensively judges whether to send an ignition signal or not by combining two sensors; the perforation ignition module detonates the initiating explosive device when receiving the ignition signal; the perforation positioning precision can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil production engineering, and in particular to an embedded oil perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification. Background Art

[0002] Perforation refers to the process of placing a special energy-gathering device at a designated formation location underground and exploding it to create a hole to allow the fluid inside the formation to enter the wellbore. It is widely used in mining operations such as oil and gas fields and coal seams.

[0003] At present, wired perforation is mainly used in oil and gas field exploitation operations, including tubing transmission perforation and cable transmission perforation. Tubing transmission perforation is highly dependent on manual labor. If manual operation errors or equipment installation errors occur, it is very likely that the perforating bullet will be partially detonated or detonated prematurely, resulting in the failure of the perforation operation. Cable transmission perforation also has the problem of being unable to reach deeper formations for operation due to cable length limitations.

[0004] The current solution to achieve fixed-point perforation is to place a collar at a fixed depth underground. When the perforating device passes through the collar when it falls, it will generate a collar signal, that is, a double-peak signal generated when the CCL sensor made by the electromagnetic induction principle passes through the collar in the oil well; therefore, the position of the perforating device can be determined by identifying whether the CCL signal generated by the CCL sensor is a collar signal. However, due to the many interference factors in the underground environment, the quality of the CCL signal will be affected and the collar signal will be interfered with. The current method of relying solely on the CCL signal to determine the collar position and perforation depth still has certain defects. Therefore, how to design a perforating system that can achieve precise perforation in the case of complex external interference and errors in the collar signal has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification, comprising:

[0006] The sensor module includes a CCL sensor and an IMU sensor, which is used to collect CCL signals and system three-axis data;

[0007] A CCL signal processing module, used for receiving and processing the CCL signal to obtain a valid digital signal;

[0008] IMU data processing module, used to receive and process the system's three-axis data to obtain the actual acceleration in the system's motion direction;

[0009] A coupling identification module is used to calculate a coupling value according to a valid digital signal, determine whether the system has passed through a coupling according to the coupling value, and output a coupling identification result; the coupling identification result includes a coupling signal that is identified and a coupling signal that is not identified;

[0010] A motion state calculation module, used to calculate the current motion state of the system according to the known coupling table and the coupling identification result; the current motion state includes the predicted speed and predicted acceleration at the time of CCL signal acquisition;

[0011] A comprehensive judgment module is used to comprehensively judge whether to send an ignition signal according to the acceleration output by the IMU data processing module, the coupling recognition result output by the coupling recognition module, and the current motion state of the system output by the motion state calculation module;

[0012] The perforation ignition module is used to detonate the explosive device when receiving the ignition signal.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] The present invention introduces IMU sensors (inertial measurement units) to collect system motion data, and obtains acceleration through motion data calculation; calculates the system motion state according to the collar identification situation, and further determines the actual depth of the system in the well in combination with acceleration, thereby improving the perforation positioning accuracy. The motion data collected by the IMU sensor is used to verify and calibrate the recognition results of the CCL signal, thereby reducing the probability of misjudgment caused by insufficient CCL signal quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a coupling identification module of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a judgment flow chart of the comprehensive judgment module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides an embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0020] The sensor module includes a CCL sensor and an IMU sensor, which is used to collect CCL signals and system three-axis data;

[0021] A CCL signal processing module, used for receiving and processing the CCL signal to obtain a valid digital signal;

[0022] IMU data processing module, used to receive and process the system's three-axis data to obtain the actual acceleration in the system's motion direction;

[0023] A coupling identification module is used to calculate the coupling value according to the effective digital signal, judge whether the system has passed the coupling according to the coupling value, and output the coupling identification result;

[0024] A motion state calculation module, used to calculate the current motion state of the system according to the known coupling table and the coupling identification result; the current motion state includes the predicted speed and predicted acceleration at the time of CCL signal acquisition;

[0025] A comprehensive judgment module is used to comprehensively judge whether to send an ignition signal according to the acceleration output by the IMU data processing module, the coupling recognition result output by the coupling recognition module, and the current motion state of the system output by the motion state calculation module;

[0026] The perforation ignition module is used to detonate the explosive device when receiving the ignition signal.

[0027] Specifically, the system three-axis data is collected through the IMU sensor, and the system three-axis data includes the three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular velocity of the IMU chip in the system; the system three-axis data and the CCL signal are collected at the same time, which can be understood as each collected CCL signal corresponds to a system three-axis data, which is used to calculate the actual acceleration of the system motion direction at the time of CCL signal collection.

[0028] Specifically, the CCL signal processing module, the IMU data processing module, the collar identification module, the motion state calculation module and the comprehensive judgment module constitute the core control module; the CCL signal processing module includes an analog signal preprocessing unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit, wherein:

[0029] The analog signal preprocessing unit is used to filter and amplify the CCL signal collected by the sensor module to obtain an effective analog signal;

[0030] The analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to convert a valid analog signal into a valid digital signal.

[0031] Specifically, the IMU data processing module performs posture analysis based on the system three-axis data obtained by the IMU sensor at the time of CCL signal acquisition to obtain the current system movement direction and the acceleration of the system in the movement direction at this moment, and then subtracts the acceleration and gravity acceleration by vector to obtain the actual acceleration in the movement direction minus the gravity acceleration.

[0032] Specifically, the collar recognition module makes a preliminary judgment on the collar signal at this time according to the effective digital signal output by the CCL signal processing module. Figure 2 As shown, the specific process includes:

[0033] Calculate the cumulative sum, mean value and standard deviation based on the effective digital signal;

[0034] Based on the Laida criterion, the upper and lower threshold boundaries are calculated using the cumulative sum, mean value and standard deviation;

[0035] The signal at each moment in the valid digital signal is judged. If it exceeds the upper boundary of the threshold or the lower boundary of the threshold, the signal at that moment is labeled 1, otherwise it is labeled 0; finally, a label sequence of this section of valid digital signal is formed;

[0036] Convolution is performed on the label sequence of the valid digital signal. If the convolution result is greater than a predetermined value (generally 4 or 6), the output coupling recognition result is that the coupling signal is recognized and the serial number of the coupling signal; otherwise, the output coupling recognition result is that the coupling signal is not recognized.

[0037] It should be noted that the coupling identification module only preliminarily determines whether the system has passed a coupling at the time of CCL signal collection. If it is determined that a coupling signal is identified, it is recorded as temporarily passing through the coupling state.

[0038] Specifically, the motion state calculation module synchronizes the number of couplings that the system passes through, and calculates the motion state corresponding to the CCL signal acquisition time by comparing the output of the coupling identification module with the known coupling table.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the specific processing process of the comprehensive judgment module includes:

[0040] S11. Determine whether a coupling signal is recognized according to the coupling recognition result output by the coupling recognition module. If so, execute step S12; if not, execute step S1;

[0041] S12. Determine whether the motion state change condition is met. If so, execute step S13. If not, it means that the current coupling signal is a false coupling, then the number of couplings passed by the system remains unchanged, and the motion state of the system remains unchanged;

[0042] Specifically, step S12 includes:

[0043] Based on the output of the motion state calculation module and the output of the IMU data processing module, the average speed between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the collar signal and the last real collar time is calculated. Calculate the average velocity change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time Calculate the acceleration change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time The data with a superscript c are calculated based on the output of the motion state calculation module, and the data with a superscript I are calculated based on the output of the IMU data processing module.

[0044] If both meet and If the condition of changing the motion state is satisfied, it means that the condition of changing the motion state is satisfied; otherwise, it means that the condition of changing the motion state is not satisfied, the current coupling signal is a false coupling, the number of couplings remains unchanged, and the motion state is not updated; among them, It represents the actual acceleration in the direction of system motion at the time of CCL signal acquisition output by the IMU data processing module.

[0045] S13. If the previous coupling signal type is a true coupling, determine that the current coupling signal type is a true coupling, increase the number of couplings passed by the system by one, and record the system motion state data corresponding to the coupling signal ( etc.), based on the motion equation, calculate the depth and the latest arrival time of the next collar according to the system motion state data recorded at this time; if the previous collar signal type is a supplementary collar, execute step S14;

[0046] S14. Calculate the predicted depth of the coupling signal, determine the upper and lower couplings adjacent to the coupling signal based on the known coupling table, if the predicted depth is closer to the next coupling in the two adjacent couplings of the coupling signal, determine that the current coupling signal type is a supplementary coupling, increase the number of couplings passed by the system by one, record the system motion state data, and calculate the depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling based on the system motion state data recorded at this time; if the predicted depth is closer to the previous coupling, determine that the current coupling signal type is a false coupling, the number of couplings passed by the system remains unchanged, correct the system motion state data corresponding to the previous coupling, and correct the depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling based on the corrected system motion state data;

[0047] S15. Determine whether the latest arrival time of the coupling has been exceeded. If so, execute step S16. If not, end the process and wait for the next execution.

[0048] S16. Determine whether the damage condition is met. If so, it is considered that there is interference with the CCL signal, which covers up or destroys the coupling signal. It is necessary to manually add a coupling. At this time, the number of couplings passed by the system is increased by one, and the system motion state data is recorded. The depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling are calculated based on the system motion state data.

[0049] Specifically, step S16 determines whether the damage condition is met, including

[0050] Calculate the acceleration change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time Get the actual acceleration of the previous coupling signal in the direction of system movement

[0051] If satisfied This means that the damage condition is met.

[0052] In the specific implementation, the sensor module collects CCL signals and system three-axis data according to the cycle time. The comprehensive judgment module continuously updates the system depth according to each collection result. When the depth reaches the pre-set perforation ignition depth, an ignition signal is issued to complete the perforation operation.

[0053] Specifically, it also includes a host computer for transmitting relevant information such as known coupling tables, algorithm parameters, perforation depths, etc. to the core control module.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "rotation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification, characterized in that: include: The sensor module includes a CCL sensor and an IMU sensor, which is used to collect CCL signals and system three-axis data; A CCL signal processing module, used for receiving and processing the CCL signal to obtain a valid digital signal; IMU data processing module, used to receive and process the system's three-axis data to obtain the actual acceleration in the system's motion direction; A coupling identification module is used to calculate a coupling value according to a valid digital signal, determine whether the system has passed through a coupling according to the coupling value, and output a coupling identification result; the coupling identification result includes a coupling signal that is identified and a coupling signal that is not identified; A motion state calculation module, used to calculate the current motion state of the system according to the known coupling table and the coupling identification result; the current motion state includes the predicted speed and predicted acceleration at the time of CCL signal acquisition; A comprehensive judgment module is used to comprehensively judge whether to send an ignition signal according to the acceleration output by the IMU data processing module, the coupling recognition result output by the coupling recognition module, and the current motion state of the system output by the motion state calculation module; The perforation ignition module is used to detonate the explosive device when receiving the ignition signal.

2. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The CCL signal processing module includes an analog signal preprocessing unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit, where: The analog signal preprocessing unit is used to filter and amplify the CCL signal collected by the sensor module to obtain an effective analog signal; The analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to convert a valid analog signal into a valid digital signal.

3. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system's three-axis data includes the CCL signal acquisition moment, the system's three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular velocity; the IMU data processing module performs posture analysis on the system's three-axis data to obtain the system's motion direction and acceleration at the CCL signal acquisition moment, and performs vector subtraction of the acceleration and gravity acceleration to obtain the actual acceleration in the motion direction.

4. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific judgment process of the coupling identification module includes: Calculate the cumulative sum, mean value and standard deviation based on the effective digital signal; Based on the Laida criterion, the upper and lower threshold boundaries are calculated using the cumulative sum, mean value and standard deviation; The signal at each moment in the valid digital signal is judged. If it exceeds the upper threshold or the lower threshold, it is marked with a label of 1, otherwise it is marked with a label of 0; The label sequence of the valid digital signal is convolved. If the convolution result is greater than a predetermined value, the output coupling identification result is that the coupling signal is identified and the serial number of the coupling signal; otherwise, the output coupling identification result is that the coupling signal is not identified.

5. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific processing process of the comprehensive judgment module includes: S11. Determine whether a coupling signal is recognized according to the coupling recognition result output by the coupling recognition module. If so, execute step S12; if not, execute step S15; S12. Determine whether the motion state change condition is met. If so, execute step S13. If not, it means that the current coupling signal is a false coupling, then the number of couplings passed by the system remains unchanged, and the motion state data of the system remains unchanged; S13. If the previous collar signal type is a true collar, determine that the current collar signal type is a true collar, increase the number of collars passed by the system by one, record the system motion state data, and calculate the depth and the latest arrival time of the next collar based on the system motion state data; if the previous collar signal type is a supplementary collar, execute step S14; S14. Calculate the predicted depth of the coupling signal, determine the upper and lower couplings adjacent to the coupling signal based on the known coupling table, if the predicted depth is closer to the next coupling in the two adjacent couplings of the coupling signal, determine that the current coupling signal type is a supplementary coupling, increase the number of couplings passed by the system by one, record the system motion state data, and calculate the depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling according to the system motion state data; if the predicted depth is closer to the previous coupling, determine that the current coupling signal type is a false coupling, the number of couplings passed by the system remains unchanged, correct the system motion state data, and correct the depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling according to the corrected system motion state data; S15. Determine whether the latest arrival time of the coupling has been exceeded. If so, execute step S16. If not, end the process and wait for the next execution. S16. Determine whether the damage condition is met. If so, increase the number of couplings passed by the system by one, record the system motion state data, and calculate the depth and the latest arrival time of the next coupling based on the system motion state data; if not, end the process.

6. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Step S12 specifically includes: Calculate the average velocity between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time Calculate the average velocity change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time Calculate the acceleration change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time If both meet and If the condition of changing the motion state is satisfied, it means that the condition of changing the motion state is satisfied; otherwise, it means that the condition of changing the motion state is not satisfied, the current coupling signal is a false coupling, the number of couplings remains unchanged, and the motion state is not updated; among them, It represents the actual acceleration in the direction of system motion at the time of CCL signal acquisition output by the IMU data processing module.

7. The embedded petroleum perforating system based on multi-sensor coupling identification according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Step S16 determines whether the damage condition is met, including Calculate the acceleration change between the CCL signal acquisition time corresponding to the coupling signal and the last true coupling time Get the actual acceleration of the previous coupling signal in the direction of system movement If satisfied This means that the damage condition is met.

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