A structural explosion resistance and performance test system based on simulating artificial low temperature environment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to structural component testing technology, and in particular to explosion-proof simulation test technology for building structures in ultra-low temperature environments. Specifically, it is a structural explosion-proof and performance test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environments, including a medium pool, an outer cover, a refrigeration device, a first heat exchange device, a second heat exchange device, and a structural test piece. The outer cover is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool and closes the upper opening of the medium pool, and the inner cover is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool. The inner cover is provided with a closable window. When the explosion-proof test of the structural test piece is carried out in a low-temperature environment, the outer cover is removed, the inner cover window is closed, and the explosion-proof test of the structural test piece is carried out. The present invention provides a relatively efficient and low-cost facility for simulating ultra-low temperature environments in laboratories to replace in-situ tests. In addition to improving the reliability of explosion environment simulation, it also makes it possible to expand the temperature zone from small equivalent simulation to large equivalent prototype for the dynamic response test of the structure to resist strong impact loads in a low-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a structural component testing technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof simulation test technology for a building structure in an ultra-low temperature environment, and specifically to a structural explosion-proof and performance test system based on a simulated artificial low temperature environment. Background Art

[0002] In extremely cold environments, the structures of buildings that have been in service for a long time are affected by the ultra-low temperature of the environment, and their performance will change, affecting their durability. If they encounter earthquakes or accidental explosion loads, the safety performance of the building will also be affected. To evaluate the durability and structural safety of buildings in extremely cold environments, it is necessary to evaluate and verify them in a standardized and standardized manner under laboratory conditions during the structural design phase. However, the existing technology rarely involves this aspect. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to construct a reusable test system that simulates low-temperature environments to test and verify the dynamic responses of structures and components in low-temperature environments, which is also a practical requirement for the rational design of components. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems raised by the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a structural explosion-proof and performance test system based on simulating an artificial low-temperature environment, aiming to solve the problem of testing the explosion-proof and performance of building structures or components in an ultra-low temperature environment. The present invention is reusable and has a long service life.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A structural explosion-proof and performance test system based on simulating an artificial low-temperature environment comprises a medium pool, an outer cover, a refrigeration device, a first heat exchange device, a second heat exchange device and a structural test piece, wherein the upper portion of the medium pool is provided with an opening, the outer cover is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool and closes the upper opening of the medium pool, and when the outer cover closes the upper opening of the medium pool, it forms a first closed space with the medium pool; an inner cover is provided inside the first closed space, the inner cover is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool and forms a second closed space with the medium pool, the inner cover is provided with a closable window, and when the window is opened, the second closed space is connected with the first closed space; when an explosion-proof test of the structural test piece is conducted in a low-temperature environment, the outer cover is removed, the inner cover window is closed, the inner cover maintains the ambient temperature in the second closed space for a short period of time, and the explosion-proof test of the structural test piece is conducted in the second closed space; when a performance test of the structural test piece is conducted in a low-temperature environment, the inner cover is removed, and only the outer cover is used to conduct a performance test of the structural test piece in the first closed space;

[0006] The refrigeration device is arranged outside the first closed space, and a simulated medium with a bearing structure is arranged inside the medium pool; the first heat exchange device is arranged inside the medium pool to provide temperature simulation control for the simulated medium inside the medium pool; the second heat exchange device is connected to the outer cover to provide temperature simulation control for the internal atmosphere of the first closed space and the second closed space; the refrigeration device is respectively connected to the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device.

[0007] The medium pool as a whole is an annular structure with an opening at the top and a closed bottom. It is divided into a metal waterproof layer, a thermal insulation layer and a concrete layer from the inside to the outside. An underground passage connected to the outside is opened at the bottom of the medium pool for personnel to enter the medium pool for sensor installation or measurement after the environment is created.

[0008] The first heat exchange device comprises a freezing pipe, which is connected to the refrigeration device through a refrigeration pipeline. A heating resistance wire is arranged inside the pipe wall of the freezing pipe, and the heating resistance wire is connected to an external power supply.

[0009] The outer cover is a hemispherical structure with an opening at the bottom, which is divided into a first metal layer, a heat insulation layer and a second metal layer from the inside to the outside, and the heat insulation layer is enclosed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0010] The outer cover is provided with an automatic air pressure balancing valve and an entrance for personnel to enter and exit; the entrance is provided with a door, and the automatic air pressure balancing valve is installed on the door.

[0011] The second heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube and a fan, both of which are installed on the inner wall of the outer cover. The heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration device, and the fan blows the atmosphere around the heat exchange tube to the inner center of the outer cover.

[0012] The inner cover is an airbag-type soft shell hemispherical cover, and a blocking airbag is connected to the inner wall of the inner cover. The blocking airbag closes the window after being inflated; the inner cover and the blocking airbag are respectively connected to an external blower.

[0013] The outside of the medium pool is also provided with a truss lifting system for lifting the outer cover, and the truss lifting system includes a track and a lifting device running on the track.

[0014] The structural explosion resistance and performance test system based on simulating artificial low temperature environment also includes a test data acquisition system, a three-dimensional reconstruction system and a data test and analysis system.

[0015] The structural test piece comprises component units and a prototype structure composed of the component units.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The present invention provides a relatively efficient and low-cost facility for simulating ultra-low temperature environments in laboratories to replace in-situ tests. The upper and lower structures are detachably removable and the ambient temperature is temporarily maintained. In addition to improving the reliability of explosion environment simulation, it also makes it possible to expand the dynamic response test of structures in temperature zones to resist strong impact loads in low temperature environments from small equivalent simulations to large equivalent prototypes.

[0018] 2) The present invention can simulate ultra-low temperature environments of air media, liquid media and rock and soil media, and the working condition control can be combined, which effectively solves the problem of disconnection between environment and structure in static performance tests. As a standard test facility, it can overcome the disadvantage of low repeatability of in-situ tests and effectively improve the reliability of structural tests and evaluations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the media pool, outer cover and inner cover.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the outer cover and the inner cover.

[0023] In the figure: 1. medium pool, 2. outer cover, 3. refrigeration device, 4. first heat exchange device, 5. second heat exchange device, 6. structural specimen, 7. inner cover, 8. window, 9. simulated medium, 10. blocking airbag, 11. truss lifting system, 12. three-dimensional reconstruction system, 13. underground passage, 14. blower, 101. metal waterproof layer, 102. thermal insulation layer, 103. concrete layer, 201. first metal layer, 111. track, 112. lifting device, 202. thermal insulation layer, 203. second metal layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1-4As shown, the present invention provides a structural explosion-proof and performance test system based on simulating an artificial low-temperature environment, comprising a medium pool 1, an outer cover 2, a refrigeration device 3, a first heat exchange device 4, a second heat exchange device 5 and a structural test piece 6, wherein the upper portion of the medium pool 1 is provided with an opening, the outer cover 2 is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool 1 and closes the upper opening of the medium pool 1, and when the outer cover 2 closes the upper opening of the medium pool 1, it forms a first closed space with the medium pool 1; an inner cover 7 is provided inside the first closed space, the inner cover 7 is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool 1 and forms a second closed space with the medium pool 1, and the inner cover 7 is provided with a closable window 8, and when the window 8 is opened, the second closed space is connected to the first closed space; when the explosion-proof test of the structural test piece 6 is performed in a low-temperature environment, the outer cover 2 The inner cover 7 is removed, the window 8 of the inner cover 7 is closed, the inner cover 7 maintains the ambient temperature in the second enclosed space for a short time, and the explosion-proof test of the structural specimen 6 is carried out in the second enclosed space; when the performance test of the structural specimen 6 is carried out in a low-temperature environment, the inner cover 7 is removed, and only the outer cover 2 is used to carry out the performance test of the structural specimen 6 in the first enclosed space; the refrigeration device 3 is arranged outside the first enclosed space, and a simulated medium 9 of a bearing structure is arranged inside the medium pool 1; the first heat exchange device 4 is arranged inside the medium pool 1 to provide temperature simulation control for the simulated medium 9 inside the medium pool 1; the second heat exchange device 5 is connected to the outer cover 2 to provide temperature simulation control for the internal atmosphere of the first enclosed space and the second enclosed space; the refrigeration device 3 is respectively connected to the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5.

[0026] The medium pool 1 is an annular structure with an upper opening and a lower closed portion. It is divided into a metal waterproof layer 101, a thermal insulation layer 102 and a concrete layer 103 from the inside to the outside. An underground passage 13 connected to the outside is opened at the bottom of the medium pool 1 for personnel to enter the medium pool 1 to install sensors or measure after the environment is created. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the medium pool 1 is constructed underground, and the upper part is exposed to the surface. It is a semi-underground structure. The metal waterproof layer 101 is made of stainless steel, the thermal insulation layer 102 is made of polyurethane, and the concrete layer 103 is made of reinforced concrete. The thickness of the three-layer structure increases from the inside to the outside. The refrigeration device 3 includes a refrigeration unit, and the refrigeration unit is centrally arranged outside the medium pool 1.

[0027] The first heat exchange device 4 includes a freezing pipe, which is connected to the refrigeration device 3 through a refrigeration pipeline. A heating resistance wire is arranged inside the pipe wall of the freezing pipe, and the heating resistance wire is connected to an external power supply. The freezing pipe is used to make ice or frozen soil. When thawing, the heating resistance wire is activated to accelerate the thawing speed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pipe wall of the freezing pipe is two-layered, and the heating resistance wire is arranged in the outer pipe wall. The structure of the freezing pipe belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated.

[0028] The outer cover 2 is a hemispherical structure with an opening at the bottom, which is divided into a first metal layer 201, a heat insulating layer 202 and a second metal layer 203 from the inside to the outside, and the heat insulating layer 202 is enclosed between the first metal layer 201 and the second metal layer 203. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first metal layer 201 and the second metal layer 203 are both made of stainless steel, and the heat insulating layer 202 is made of polyurethane material.

[0029] The outer cover 2 is provided with an automatic air pressure balancing valve (not shown) and an entrance (not shown) for personnel to enter and exit, the entrance is provided with a door, and the automatic air pressure balancing valve is installed on the door. The automatic air pressure balancing valve is used to prevent the outer cover 2 from being damaged due to the imbalance of internal and external pressure when a low temperature environment is created for a long time.

[0030] The second heat exchange device 5 includes a heat exchange tube and a fan, both of which are installed on the inner wall of the outer cover 2. The heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration device 3, and the fan blows the atmosphere around the heat exchange tube to the inner center of the outer cover 2. In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second heat exchange device 5 is multiple, one is on the top of the outer cover 2, and the rest are symmetrically distributed in the appropriate position of the outer cover 2 according to the cooling demand. In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer cover 2 is also provided with a hot air heating device for heating and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the simulated atmospheric environment.

[0031] The inner cover 7 is an airbag-type soft shell hemispherical cover, which is a short-term ambient temperature maintenance cover formed by air blowing and inflation; the inner wall of the inner cover 7 is connected to a blocking airbag 10, which closes the window 8 after being inflated; the inner cover 7 and the blocking airbag 10 are respectively connected to an external blower 14. In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner cover 7 is made of canvas and is an airbag type. The window 8 corresponds to the position of the fan on the inner wall of the outer cover 2. When the simulation test is performed, the inner cover 7 is a consumable item. When the outer cover 2 is removed, the blocking airbag 10 is inflated to close the window 8. The bottom of the inner cover 7 is installed on the upper edge of the semi-underground medium pool 1, and is inflated and formed before the outer cover 2 is removed to prevent the low-temperature air in the internal space of the test system from quickly dissipating after the outer cover 2 is removed, forming a temporary external high temperature and internal low temperature isolation system.

[0032] The outside of the medium pool 1 is also provided with a truss suspension system 11 for hoisting the outer cover 2 . The truss suspension system 11 includes a track 111 and a hoisting device 112 running on the track 111 .

[0033] The structural explosion resistance and performance test system based on simulating artificial low temperature environment also includes a test data acquisition system, a three-dimensional reconstruction system 12 and a data test and analysis system.

[0034] The structural specimen 6 includes component units and a prototype structure composed of the component units.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention forms a quasi-closed insulation structure through a medium pool 1 and an upper outer cover 2. The semi-underground medium pool 1 is used as a simulated space for the construction site of a space building, filled with water or soil as a simulated medium 9, and the site on which the simulated structural foundation relies. The internal space of the upper outer cover 2 is used as a simulated space for the atmospheric environment in which the building is located. A first heat exchange device 4 is set in the medium pool 1, and a second heat exchange device 5 is set in the outer cover 2. The simulated medium 9, the structural specimen 6 and the atmospheric environment temperature are controlled respectively to form a simulated extreme cold environment. The foundation of the structural specimen 6 is buried in the site constructed by the simulated medium 9, and the upper part of the structural specimen 6 is exposed to the simulated atmosphere. When evaluating the service performance of the structural specimen 6 in a low-temperature environment, the basic environmental adaptability is controlled by a temperature control system composed of the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5. In the dynamic response test, artificial explosion points or seismic sources can be set at the locations such as the inside, surface, and surface of the simulated medium 9 where the foundation of the structural specimen 6 is located for simulation. During the large-yield explosion simulation test, the upper outer cover 2 is removed and the low-value inner cover 7 is used to temporarily maintain the low-temperature environment inside the test system to reduce the test cost. The dynamic response and environmental parameters of the structure are recorded by the data acquisition system.

[0036] In the present invention, the signal lines of the test data acquisition system, the three-dimensional reconstruction system 12 and the data test and analysis system are connected to each system through a reserved wire conduit, and the temperature control is performed by feeding back the temperature signal to the control system of the refrigeration device 3 through the temperature sensor buried in the simulation medium 9 and the temperature sensor on the inner wall of the outer cover 2 and in the air to perform temperature control.

[0037] During the test, the outer cover 2 is removed and reset using the truss lifting system 11. Before the outer cover 2 is removed, the blower 14 is started to fill the inner cover 7 with low-temperature cold air to keep the inner cover 7 full of air and form a hemispherical shape. Then, the quick connection between the refrigeration device 3 and the second heat exchange device 5 is disconnected, the outer cover 2 with the second heat exchange device 5 is lifted up, and the lifting device 112 is controlled to move. After the outer cover 2 is moved away from the top of the medium pool 1, it is placed at a certain distance from the edge of the medium pool 1.

[0038] The test data acquisition system of the present invention includes a temperature module, a structural deformation module and a structural stress analysis module. The temperature information data mainly collects the atmospheric temperature field, the low temperature field and the temperature change of the structural specimen 6 in the simulated test environment; the structural deformation module and the structural stress analysis module mainly collect the deformation of the structural specimen 6 in the low temperature environment with the change of the ambient temperature and analyze the structural damage effect, taking into account the structural damage and dynamic response of the structural specimen 6 under the action of dynamic loads such as penetration and explosion loads at the set temperature.

[0039] The structural dynamic response analysis of the experiment uses a three-dimensional reconstruction system 12 that combines micro-deformation data with measured strain data formed by three high-speed cameras. The three-dimensional reconstruction system 12 has been patented separately and will not be described in detail.

[0040] The main test object (structural specimen) of the present invention is a component unit of a beam, slab, or column or a prototype structure with certain functions composed of multiple component units. The test object (structural specimen) can be placed in a simulated atmospheric environment or a medium environment of a medium pool 1, and the influence of temperature change on its structural performance can be observed as the simulated ambient temperature changes. When the internal thermal equilibrium is reached after the structural temperature changes, that is, the surface temperature of the specific structure is consistent with the center temperature or reaches the predetermined requirements, tests can be carried out separately or simultaneously according to the requirements of the assessment content, such as explosion damage effect test inside or on the surface of the structure, or structure resistance to projectile penetration, explosion and seismic damage effect test, etc.

[0041] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. A structural explosion-proof test system based on a simulated artificial low-temperature environment, comprising a medium pool (1), an outer cover (2), a refrigeration device (3), a first heat exchange device (4), a second heat exchange device (5) and a structural test piece (6), wherein: The medium pool (1) is provided with an opening at the top, and the outer cover (2) is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool (1) and closes the upper opening of the medium pool (1). When the outer cover (2) closes the upper opening of the medium pool (1), it forms a first closed space with the medium pool (1); an inner cover (7) is provided inside the first closed space, and the inner cover (7) is detachably connected to the upper opening of the medium pool (1) and forms a second closed space with the medium pool (1). The inner cover (7) is provided with a closable window (8). When the window (8) is opened, the second closed space is connected to the first closed space; when the explosion-proof test of the structural specimen (6) is carried out in a low-temperature environment, the outer cover (2) is removed, the window (8) of the inner cover (7) is closed, and the inner cover (7) maintains the ambient temperature in the second closed space for a short period of time, and the explosion-proof test of the structural specimen (6) is carried out in the second closed space; The refrigeration device (3) is arranged outside the first closed space, and a simulated medium (9) with a bearing structure is provided inside the medium pool (1); the first heat exchange device (4) is arranged inside the medium pool (1) to provide temperature simulation control for the simulated medium (9) inside the medium pool (1); the second heat exchange device (5) is connected to the outer cover (2) to provide temperature simulation control for the internal atmosphere of the first closed space and the second closed space; the refrigeration device (3) is respectively connected to the first heat exchange device (4) and the second heat exchange device (5).

2. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The medium pool (1) is an annular structure with an upper opening and a lower closing, and is divided into a metal waterproof layer (101), a thermal insulation layer (102) and a concrete layer (103) from the inside to the outside. An underground passage (13) connected to the outside is opened at the bottom of the medium pool (1) for personnel to enter the medium pool (1) after the environment is created to carry out sensor installation or measurement.

3. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first heat exchange device (4) comprises a freezing pipe, which is connected to the refrigeration device (3) via a refrigeration pipeline, and a heating resistance wire is arranged inside the pipe wall of the freezing pipe, and the heating resistance wire is connected to an external power supply.

4. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer cover (2) is a hemispherical structure with an opening at the bottom, and is divided into a first metal layer (201), a heat insulation layer (202) and a second metal layer (203) from the inside to the outside, and the heat insulation layer (202) is enclosed between the first metal layer (201) and the second metal layer (203).

5. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer cover (2) is provided with an automatic air pressure balancing valve and an entrance for personnel to enter and exit; the entrance is provided with a door, and the automatic air pressure balancing valve is installed on the door.

6. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second heat exchange device (5) comprises a heat exchange tube and a fan, both of which are mounted on the inner wall of the outer cover (2). The heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration device (3), and the fan blows the air around the heat exchange tube toward the inner center of the outer cover (2).

7. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner cover (7) is an airbag-type soft shell hemispherical cover. The inner wall of the inner cover (7) is connected to a blocking airbag (10). The blocking airbag (10) seals the window (8) after being inflated. The inner cover (7) and the blocking airbag (10) are respectively connected to an external blower (14).

8. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outside of the medium pool (1) is also provided with a truss lifting system (11) for lifting the outer cover (2), and the truss lifting system (11) comprises a track (111) and a lifting device (112) running on the track (111).

9. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a test data acquisition system, a three-dimensional reconstruction system (12) and a data test and analysis system.

10. The structural explosion-proof test system based on simulating artificial low-temperature environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structural test piece (6) includes component units and a prototype structure composed of the component units.

Images