Hydropower station dam site rock mass quality evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for evaluating the rock mass quality of a dam site area of a hydropower station, and belongs to the technical field of rock mass detection.The evaluation method evaluates the rock mass joint development condition through the characteristics of adit seepage water in the dam site area and obtains the rock mass quality of the dam site area. The footrill wall is divided into a plurality of sub-areas on the footrill wall through fences; obtaining seepage water characteristics and water quality characteristics of each sub-region, and obtaining a seepage water flow curve and a seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-region; obtaining a seepage water flow change rule and a seepage water quality characteristic change rule of each sub-region; according to the method, regional seepage water measurement is carried out according to the surface joint characteristics of the footrill, and the method has promotion significance for accurately obtaining the development states of rock mass faults and fractures in a dam site area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass detection, and in particular to a system and method for evaluating rock mass quality in a dam site area of ​​a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] The rock quality evaluation system of the hydropower station dam site area includes the evaluation of the hydrogeological conditions of the dam site area. The main groundwater in the dam site area is rock fissure groundwater. The seepage of rock water is related to the development state of rock faults and fissures, and the degree of rock weathering and unloading. In engineering application, it is of great significance to obtain the rock water seepage situation in the dam site area from the perspective of the geological structure of the dam site rock mass and weathering and unloading for rock quality evaluation.

[0003] For obtaining the permeability of the rock mass at the dam site, the existing technologies use technical means including water pressure test means and seepage water measurement and analysis means. The former generally uses a test device including a water supply system, a pressure stabilization system and a data acquisition system to provide pressurized water to the surface being acted on, and in the process determines the permeability characteristics of the rock mass through indicators such as seepage pressure and flow rate. The latter generally uses a water body convergence device to collect seepage water from the flat tunnel, and combines the rock mass water replenishment situation to determine the development of seepage channels in the flat tunnel area. However, the implementation of the latter depends on, for example, the presence of water in the flat tunnel under the influence of natural precipitation. Visible seepage water. At the same time, in these two technical means, the object for obtaining permeability is generally targeted at the entire adit. The former permeability acquisition scheme is such as the technical scheme provided by patent application numbers: CN202310483619.1, CN202210031736.X, CN202010556552.6 and other documents. The latter permeability acquisition scheme is such as setting up drainage channels and drainage troughs in the adit. By monitoring the flow in the drainage channel and the capacity parameters of the drainage trough, the seepage water characteristics are obtained, which are used to judge the mechanical properties of rock mass and engineering stability.

[0004] In order to promote the rock quality evaluation work and ensure the construction quality of the dam area, it is necessary to further optimize the rock water seepage technology of the rock adit in the dam site area of ​​the hydropower station. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned problem of optimizing the technology of rock water seepage in the rock adit in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station, the present invention proposes a system and method for evaluating the rock quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station. This scheme conducts regional seepage water measurement based on the surface joint characteristics of the adit, which is of promoting significance for accurately obtaining the development status of rock faults and cracks in the dam site area.

[0006] The specific technical scheme is: a method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station. This evaluation method evaluates the development of rock joints through the seepage water characteristics of the adit in the dam site area and obtains the rock mass quality of the dam site area. In this method, the seepage water characteristics of the adit are obtained by setting a seepage water detection system in the adit, and the method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. According to the joint characteristics of the adit wall of the rock mass in the dam site area, the adit wall is divided into several sub-areas by using enclosures on the adit wall. The enclosures serve as water-blocking walls between the sub-areas. The joints in the same sub-area have the apparent characteristics of being interconnected, and the joints in different sub-areas have the apparent characteristics of being disconnected from each other.

[0008] S2. Using a seepage water detection system to obtain seepage water characteristics of each sub-area, the seepage water characteristics include the seepage water flow rate at each moment during the detection period, and obtaining a seepage water flow rate curve of each sub-area according to the seepage water flow rate, the seepage water characteristics also include water quality characteristics of the seepage water at a set moment during the detection period, the water quality characteristics are content characteristics of target ion components in the seepage water and / or pH value characteristics of the seepage water, and fitting a seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-area according to the water quality characteristics;

[0009] S3. Obtaining the variation law of the seepage water flow rate and the variation law of the seepage water quality characteristics of each sub-region according to the seepage water flow rate curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve;

[0010] S4. For sub-areas with the same seepage water flow rate change law and seepage water quality characteristic change law, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints have internal connectivity and belong to the same continuous joints. For sub-areas with different seepage water flow rate change laws and seepage water quality characteristic change laws, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints are disconnected joints.

[0011] The method provided above evaluates the development of rock joints through the seepage water characteristics of the adit in the dam site area, thereby obtaining the rock quality related to the hydrogeology of the dam site area. It is an evaluation method based on seepage water measurement. The difference from the existing rock quality evaluation is that the existing water pressure test method and seepage water measurement and analysis method only use the adit or the selected rock mass as a whole as the seepage evaluation object. Although the overall permeability of the object can be evaluated, for complex address structures, it cannot well distinguish the permeability of different joints on the object, and cannot accurately distinguish the development status of different rock faults and fissures in the dam site area. The specific evaluation method of this scheme is as follows: first, based on the apparent characteristics of the joints on the adit wall, the interconnected joints are divided into the same sub-area, and the disconnected joints are divided into different sub-areas, and the different sub-areas are isolated by fencing. On this basis, the seepage water characteristics of each sub-area are utilized, and the corresponding seepage water flow curve and seepage water quality characteristic curve are obtained through the seepage water flow rate and seepage water quality. Then, the seepage water flow rate change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area are analyzed, and several sub-areas with the same seepage water flow rate change law and seepage water quality characteristic change law are identified as covering the internally connected joint cracks, and sub-areas with different seepage water flow rate change laws and seepage water quality characteristic change laws are identified as covering different joints respectively, and these joints have the characteristics of being disconnected from each other.

[0012] Based on the above, for each area of ​​the adit covered by the seepage water detection system, this solution determines whether the seepage water in these areas comes from the same seepage path through the seepage water characteristics. For example, for the seepage water characteristics detected at different seepage points, when these seepage points have the same seepage water source, although the distribution of the seepage point positions will cause obvious flow changes not to occur at the same time, from the seepage water flow change law obtained from each sub-area, it can be found that different sub-areas have similar flow change laws at different times, while different cracks and faults independently developed in the rock mass do not have such characteristics. On the other hand, for the water quality characteristics, Since the seepage water from different fissures and faults has different phreatic fissures and seepage paths, the differences in phreatic storage environment and the differences in sediments on the paths will cause the seepage water from different fissures and faults to have different water quality characteristics. Therefore, based on this concept, this plan carries out regionalized seepage water characteristic measurements according to the surface joint characteristics of the adit. It can not only obtain the development of cracks and faults in the surrounding rock mass from the adit as a whole, but also distinguish the cracks and faults on the surrounding rock mass, providing more detailed seepage water characteristic data support for rock mass quality evaluation, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately obtaining the development status of rock faults and fissures in the dam site area.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, in step S2, the method for obtaining the seepage water flow rate is: collecting the seepage water at the seepage point, and draining the seepage water to a flow measurement device to complete the seepage water flow rate measurement;

[0014] For seepage water whose estimated flow rate is greater than or equal to the set flow value, a flow meter-based flow measuring device is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement. For seepage water whose estimated flow rate is less than or equal to the set flow value, a flow measuring device including a water storage device is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement, wherein the water storage device includes a water storage tank, a weighing device and a conversion module, the water storage tank is used to collect seepage water, the weighing device is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank at each moment, and the conversion module is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device into the flow value of the seepage water.

[0015] In the above scheme, two methods for measuring seepage water flow are provided, wherein, according to the current seepage water flow at the seepage point of the adit, for the seepage water estimated to have a large seepage water flow, a method of directly measuring the seepage water flow using a flow meter is used, and for the seepage water estimated to have a small seepage water flow, a method of indirectly measuring the seepage water flow based on measuring weight is used. In this method, when the seepage water flow is large, the use of a flow meter to measure the flow not only has the characteristics of simple system configuration, but also has the characteristics of accurate measurement results; and the method of indirectly measuring the flow using weight increases the complexity of the system, but can ensure the flow measurement accuracy under a small seepage water flow.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the water storage tank is provided with a discharge pipe having a solenoid valve. When it is necessary to obtain the water quality characteristics of this part of the seepage water, the solenoid valve is opened, and a sample for water quality characteristics detection is obtained from the discharge pipe. When the seepage water in the water storage tank accumulates to a set weight, the solenoid valve is opened, and the original seepage water is discharged from the discharge pipe.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, for the seepage points located on the side and top of the cave, according to the seepage form of the seepage water, for the seepage water that flows along the wall after seepage, a collecting trough fixed on the cave wall and located below the seepage point is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the collecting trough is drained to a flow measuring device through a pipe to complete the seepage water flow measurement; for the seepage water that drips or sprays after seepage, a receiving cover fixed on the cave wall or supported on the cave floor is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the receiving cover is drained to the flow measuring device through a pipe to complete the seepage water flow measurement.

[0018] In the above scheme, a method for collecting differentiated seepage water according to the specific seepage form is provided, specifically: using a collection trough to collect the seepage water that flows along the wall after seepage, and using a receiving cover to collect the seepage water that drips or sprays after seepage, so as to reduce the omission of seepage water collection as much as possible within the scope of convenient implementation, which is beneficial to the acquisition of seepage water characteristics. Furthermore, after the seepage water at the seepage point is collected by the collection trough and the receiving cover, the seepage water of a single sub-area can be drained to the flow measurement device and the water quality characteristic detection device by using a pipe section, a drainage trough, a convergence trough, etc. When it is determined through the early seepage water characteristics that the joints on the different sub-areas previously divided belong to the same cracks or joints under the fault, a single flow measurement device and a single water quality characteristic detection device can be used to serve two or more sub-areas, so as to simplify the structure of the seepage water detection system in the subsequent process, optimize the use efficiency of the flow measurement device and the water quality characteristic detection device, and reduce the amount of later data.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, for joints with apparent characteristics of being interconnected and having multiple seepage points, a gap plugging material is used to plug the seepage points with relatively small flow rates, and the seepage water of the seepage points is collected from the retained seepage points.

[0020] In the above scheme, for joints with many seepage points in a single sub-area, a method of using gap plugging materials to plug some of the seepage points with smaller flow rates is used, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the seepage water collection rate and simplifying the construction of the seepage water detection system. The gap plugging materials can be commonly used water plugging materials for construction, but in specific applications, the online measurement of seepage water characteristics evaluation lasts for a long time. During the online measurement period, there are situations where joints change significantly due to reasons such as rock stress release, and there are situations where new seepage points appear after the seepage points are intervened. The better application is to check the current seepage points during the online measurement period to adjust the seepage water collection plan in a targeted manner and obtain accurate seepage water characteristics for a long time.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the target ions include one or more of sulfate ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, magnesium ions, and calcium ions. When performing the content characteristic detection, the set time is the time when the exudate water detection system performs exudate water sampling according to the set target ion component sampling frequency.

[0022] In the above scheme, the selected target ions are not only the common ion components in the seepage water, but these ion components and pH values ​​are also factors that need to be considered in the later construction of the dam. Therefore, such water quality characteristics are not only used to distinguish rock cracks and faults, but also can provide a reference for the later dam construction.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, when it is impossible to obtain seepage water with extractable flow characteristics and water quality characteristics based on natural rainfall in the dam site area, artificial simulated rainfall is provided for the rock and soil above Pingdong based on the natural rainfall records of the dam site area over the years, wherein the rainfall of the artificial simulated rainfall matches the rainfall in the current season of previous years.

[0024] In the above scheme, when the current seepage water seepage situation cannot meet the evaluation of seepage water characteristics, artificial intervention method is used to obtain seepage water in Pingdong. Furthermore, when performing artificial intervention, the rainfall in the current season is obtained from the natural rainfall records of previous years according to the current season. When implementing artificial simulated rainfall, the artificial rainfall is equivalent to the rainfall in the current season of previous years. This not only ensures the safety of the rock quality evaluation process, but also obtains the real impact of local meteorological conditions on the hydrogeological conditions of the rock mass by truly simulating the local hydrological conditions.

[0025] The present solution also relates to a system for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station, the system being used to implement the method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station as described above;

[0026] The system comprises a flow measuring device for obtaining the seepage water flow rate;

[0027] The system includes a water quality characteristic detection device for obtaining the water quality characteristics of the seepage water;

[0028] The system includes a data processing module for statistically or fitting the seepage water flow curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-area, and obtaining the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area, and judging the actual connectivity relationship of the joints covered by each sub-area based on the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area.

[0029] It is easy to understand that this system is used to implement the method proposed above. During use, the system automatically completes the acquisition of seepage water flow rate, water quality characteristics, construction of seepage water flow curve and seepage water quality characteristic curve, obtains the change law of seepage water flow rate and seepage water quality characteristics, and identifies whether the joints covered by each sub-area are actually connected, so as to realize the automation of rock quality evaluation in the dam site area based on the development of rock joints.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the flow measuring device includes a flow measuring device based on a flow meter, and the flow measuring device also includes a flow measuring device having a water storage tank, a weighing device and a conversion module, wherein the water storage tank is used to collect seepage water and incoming water, the weighing device is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank at each moment, and the conversion module is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device into a flow value of the seepage water and incoming water.

[0031] It is easy to understand that the present solution provides differentiated flow measuring devices so that the user can select the flow measuring device to be used according to the current seepage water flow rate from the perspective of ease of implementation and accurate acquisition of the seepage water flow rate.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the system also includes an enclosure serving as a water-proof wall between sub-areas, wherein the enclosure is a strip rubber profile with an L-shaped cross-section. The system also includes a collection trough for collecting seepage water from the flat tunnel wall, wherein the collection trough is a strip rubber profile with a U-shaped cross-section. The enclosure and the collection trough are provided with compression nails for fixing them to the flat tunnel wall, and the nail caps of the compression nails are provided with compression pads.

[0033] It is easy to understand that the above provides a specific implementation method of the enclosure and the collection trough. The strip rubber profile adapts to the designated setting path through its bendable characteristics, and blocks the gap between it and the tunnel wall through its elastic deformation characteristics and maintains a certain blocking pressure, thereby reducing the amount of water seepage in the gap between it and the tunnel wall. The clamping nails are used to complete the fixation of the enclosure and the collection trough on the tunnel wall, and the clamping pads are used to increase the effective area of ​​the clamping nails on the enclosure and the collection trough, ensuring that the enclosure and the collection trough are reliably fixed to the tunnel wall. In specific applications, when the amount of water seepage in the gap between the enclosure and the collection trough and the tunnel wall exceeds the allowable range, the water sealing performance can be improved by setting a foaming material in the gap.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, it also includes a drainage tube for inserting into the joint gap, and the drainage tube is used to drain the seepage water at the seepage point to the flow measurement device or the water quality characteristic detection device.

[0035] In this scheme, the drainage pipe is used as a drainage device for seepage water, and is specifically used to be inserted into the joint gaps to drain the seepage water from the inside of the joint gaps to a flow measuring device or a water quality characteristic detection device. For horizontal tunnels with many seepage points on the joints, this method of seepage water drainage can greatly reduce the seepage area on the joints. Compared with obtaining seepage water from the outside of the joints, this method can improve the collection rate of seepage water while having a simpler system structure and a simpler process.

[0036] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This plan conducts regional seepage water characteristic measurement based on the surface joint characteristics of the adit. It can not only obtain the development status of cracks and faults in the surrounding rock mass from the adit as a whole, but also distinguish the cracks and faults on the surrounding rock mass, providing more detailed seepage water characteristic data support for rock mass quality evaluation, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately obtaining the development status of rock faults and fissures in the dam site area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of the method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station described in this scheme;

[0039] Figure 2 A system structure diagram of a specific embodiment of the system for evaluating the rock mass quality of the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station described in this scheme;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the enclosure described in this solution;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the collecting tank described in this solution;

[0042] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment of the flow measurement device including a water storage tank described in the present solution. The reference numerals in the figure are: 1, flow measurement device, 2, water quality characteristic detection device, 3, data processing module, 4, enclosure, 5, clamping nail, 6, clamping pad, 7, collection tank, 8, water storage tank, 9, weighing device, 10, conversion module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments:

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] like Figure 1 to Figure 5 Provided is a method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site of a hydropower station. The method evaluates the development of rock joints through the seepage water characteristics of the adit in the dam site, and obtains the rock mass quality of the dam site. In the method, the seepage water characteristics of the adit are obtained by setting a seepage water detection system in the adit, and the method includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. According to the joint characteristics of the adit wall of the rock mass in the dam site area, the adit wall is divided into several sub-areas by using the enclosure 4. The enclosure 4 serves as a water-retaining wall between the sub-areas. The joints in the same sub-area have the apparent characteristics of being interconnected, and the joints in different sub-areas have the apparent characteristics of being disconnected from each other.

[0047] S2. Using a seepage water detection system to obtain seepage water characteristics of each sub-area, the seepage water characteristics include the seepage water flow rate at each moment during the detection period, and obtaining a seepage water flow rate curve of each sub-area according to the seepage water flow rate, the seepage water characteristics also include water quality characteristics of the seepage water at a set moment during the detection period, the water quality characteristics are content characteristics of target ion components in the seepage water and / or pH value characteristics of the seepage water, and fitting a seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-area according to the water quality characteristics;

[0048] S3. Obtaining the variation law of the seepage water flow rate and the variation law of the seepage water quality characteristics of each sub-region according to the seepage water flow rate curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve;

[0049] S4. For sub-areas with the same seepage water flow rate change law and seepage water quality characteristic change law, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints have internal connectivity and belong to the same continuous joints. For sub-areas with different seepage water flow rate change laws and seepage water quality characteristic change laws, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints are disconnected joints.

[0050] The method provided above evaluates the development of rock joints through the seepage water characteristics of the adit in the dam site area, thereby obtaining the rock quality related to the hydrogeology of the dam site area. It is an evaluation method based on seepage water measurement. The difference from the existing rock quality evaluation is that the existing water pressure test method and seepage water measurement and analysis method only use the adit or the selected rock mass as a whole as the seepage evaluation object. Although the overall permeability of the object can be evaluated, for complex address structures, it cannot well distinguish the permeability of different joints on the object, and cannot accurately distinguish the development status of different rock faults and fissures in the dam site area. The specific evaluation method of this scheme is as follows: first, based on the apparent characteristics of the joints on the adit wall, the interconnected joints are divided into the same sub-area, and the disconnected joints are divided into different sub-areas, and the different sub-areas are isolated by using the enclosure 4. On this basis, the seepage water characteristics of each sub-area are used, and the corresponding seepage water flow curve and seepage water quality characteristic curve are obtained through the seepage water flow and seepage water quality. Then, the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area are analyzed, and several sub-areas with the same seepage water flow change law and seepage water quality characteristic change law are identified as covering the internally connected joint cracks, and sub-areas with different seepage water flow change laws and seepage water quality characteristic change laws are identified as covering different joints respectively, and these joints have the characteristics of being disconnected from each other.

[0051] Based on the above, for each area of ​​the adit covered by the seepage water detection system, this solution determines whether the seepage water in these areas comes from the same seepage path through the seepage water characteristics. For example, for the seepage water characteristics detected at different seepage points, when these seepage points have the same seepage water source, although the distribution of the seepage point positions will cause obvious flow changes not to occur at the same time, from the seepage water flow change law obtained from each sub-area, it can be found that different sub-areas have similar flow change laws at different times, while different cracks and faults independently developed in the rock mass do not have such characteristics. On the other hand, for the water quality characteristics, Since the seepage water from different fissures and faults has different phreatic fissures and seepage paths, the differences in phreatic storage environment and the differences in sediments on the paths will cause the seepage water from different fissures and faults to have different water quality characteristics. Therefore, based on this concept, this plan carries out regionalized seepage water characteristic measurements according to the surface joint characteristics of the adit. It can not only obtain the development of cracks and faults in the surrounding rock mass from the adit as a whole, but also distinguish the cracks and faults on the surrounding rock mass, providing more detailed seepage water characteristic data support for rock mass quality evaluation, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately obtaining the development status of rock faults and fissures in the dam site area.

[0052] A more detailed scheme is as follows: in step S2, the method for obtaining the seepage water flow rate is: collecting the seepage water at the seepage point, and draining the seepage water to the flow measurement device 1 to complete the seepage water flow rate measurement;

[0053] For seepage water whose estimated flow rate is greater than or equal to the set flow value, a flow meter-based flow measuring device 1 is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement. For seepage water whose estimated flow rate is less than or equal to the set flow value, a flow measuring device 1 including a water storage device is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement, wherein the water storage device includes a water storage tank 8, a weighing device 9 and a conversion module 10. The water storage tank 8 is used to collect seepage water, the weighing device 9 is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank 8 at each moment, and the conversion module 10 is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device 9 into the flow value of the seepage water.

[0054] In the above scheme, two methods for measuring seepage water flow are provided, wherein, according to the current seepage water flow at the seepage point of the adit, for the seepage water estimated to have a large seepage water flow, a method of directly measuring the seepage water flow using a flow meter is used, and for the seepage water estimated to have a small seepage water flow, a method of indirectly measuring the seepage water flow based on measuring weight is used. In this method, when the seepage water flow is large, the use of a flow meter to measure the flow not only has the characteristics of simple system configuration, but also has the characteristics of accurate measurement results; and the method of indirectly measuring the flow using weight increases the complexity of the system, but can ensure the flow measurement accuracy under a small seepage water flow.

[0055] A more detailed solution is: a discharge pipe with a solenoid valve is configured for the water storage tank 8. When it is necessary to obtain the water quality characteristics of this part of the seepage water, the solenoid valve is opened, and a sample for water quality characteristic detection is obtained from the discharge pipe. When the seepage water in the water storage tank 8 accumulates to a set weight, the solenoid valve is opened, and the original seepage water is discharged from the discharge pipe.

[0056] A more detailed plan is: for the seepage points located on the side and top of the cave, according to the seepage form of the seepage water, for the seepage water that flows along the wall after seepage, a collecting trough 7 fixed on the cave wall and located below the seepage point is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the collecting trough 7 is drained to the flow measuring device 1 through a pipe to complete the seepage water flow measurement; for the seepage water that drips or sprays after seepage, a receiving cover fixed on the cave wall or supported on the cave floor is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the receiving cover is drained to the flow measuring device 1 through a pipe to complete the seepage water flow measurement.

[0057] In the above scheme, a method for collecting differentiated seepage water according to the specific seepage form is provided, specifically: using a collection tank 7 to collect the seepage water flowing along the wall after seepage, and using a receiving cover to collect the seepage water dripping or spraying after seepage, so as to reduce the omission of seepage water collection as much as possible within the scope of convenient implementation, which is beneficial to the acquisition of seepage water characteristics. Further, after the seepage water at the seepage point is collected by the collection tank 7 and the receiving cover, the seepage water of a single sub-area can be drained to the flow measurement device 1 and the water quality characteristic detection device 2 by using a pipe section, a drainage trough, a convergence trough, etc. When it is determined through the early seepage water characteristics that the joints on the different sub-areas previously divided belong to the joints under the same cracks or faults, a single flow measurement device 1 and a single water quality characteristic detection device 2 can be used to serve two or more sub-areas, so as to simplify the structure of the seepage water detection system in the subsequent process, optimize the use efficiency of the flow measurement device 1 and the water quality characteristic detection device 2, and reduce the amount of later data.

[0058] A more detailed solution is: for joints that are apparently interconnected and have multiple seepage points, use gap plugging materials to plug the seepage points with relatively small flow rates, and collect the seepage water from the retained seepage points.

[0059] In the above scheme, for joints with many seepage points in a single sub-area, a method of using gap plugging materials to plug some of the seepage points with smaller flow rates is used, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the seepage water collection rate and simplifying the construction of the seepage water detection system. The gap plugging materials can be commonly used water plugging materials for construction, but in specific applications, the online measurement of seepage water characteristics evaluation lasts for a long time. During the online measurement period, there are situations where joints change significantly due to reasons such as rock stress release, and there are situations where new seepage points appear after the seepage points are intervened. The better application is to check the current seepage points during the online measurement period to adjust the seepage water collection plan in a targeted manner and obtain accurate seepage water characteristics for a long time.

[0060] A more detailed scheme is: the target ions include one or more of sulfate ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, magnesium ions, and calcium ions. When performing the content characteristic detection, the set time is the time when the seepage water detection system performs seepage water sampling according to the set target ion component sampling frequency.

[0061] In the above scheme, the selected target ions are not only the common ion components in the seepage water, but these ion components and pH values ​​are also factors that need to be considered in the later construction of the dam. Therefore, such water quality characteristics are not only used to distinguish rock cracks and faults, but also can provide a reference for the later dam construction.

[0062] A more detailed plan is: when it is impossible to obtain seepage water with extractable flow characteristics and water quality characteristics based on natural rainfall in the dam site area, artificial simulated rainfall will be provided for the rock and soil above Pingdong based on the natural rainfall records of the dam site over the years, and the rainfall of the artificial simulated rainfall will match the rainfall in the current season of previous years.

[0063] In the above scheme, when the current seepage water seepage situation cannot meet the evaluation of seepage water characteristics, artificial intervention method is used to obtain seepage water in Pingdong. Furthermore, when performing artificial intervention, the rainfall in the current season is obtained from the natural rainfall records of previous years according to the current season. When implementing artificial simulated rainfall, the artificial rainfall is equivalent to the rainfall in the current season of previous years. This not only ensures the safety of the rock quality evaluation process, but also obtains the real impact of local meteorological conditions on the hydrogeological conditions of the rock mass by truly simulating the local hydrological conditions.

[0064] The present solution also relates to a system for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station, the system being used to implement the method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station as described above;

[0065] The system comprises a flow measuring device 1 for obtaining the seepage water flow rate;

[0066] The system comprises a water quality characteristic detection device 2 for obtaining the water quality characteristics of the seepage water;

[0067] The system includes a data processing module 3, which is used to count or fit the seepage water flow curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-area, and to obtain the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area, and to judge the actual connectivity relationship of the joints covered by each sub-area based on the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area.

[0068] It is easy to understand that this system is used to implement the method proposed above. During use, the system automatically completes the acquisition of seepage water flow rate, water quality characteristics, construction of seepage water flow curve and seepage water quality characteristic curve, obtains the change law of seepage water flow rate and seepage water quality characteristics, and identifies whether the joints covered by each sub-area are actually connected, so as to realize the automation of rock quality evaluation in the dam site area based on the development of rock joints.

[0069] A more detailed scheme is: the flow measuring device 1 includes a flow measuring device 1 based on a flow meter, and the flow measuring device 1 also includes a flow measuring device 1 with a water storage tank 8, a weighing device 9 and a conversion module 10, wherein the water storage tank 8 is used to collect seepage water, the weighing device 9 is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank 8 at each moment, and the conversion module 10 is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device 9 into the flow value of the seepage water.

[0070] It is easy to understand that the present solution provides a differentiated flow measuring device 1 so that the user can select the flow measuring device 1 to be used according to the current seepage water flow rate from the perspective of ease of implementation and accurate acquisition of the seepage water flow rate.

[0071] A more detailed solution is: the system also includes a fence 4 serving as a water-proof wall between sub-areas, and the fence 4 is a strip rubber profile with an L-shaped cross-section. The system also includes a collecting trough 7 for collecting seepage water from the flat tunnel wall, and the collecting trough 7 is a strip rubber profile with a U-shaped cross-section. The fence 4 and the collecting trough 7 are provided with clamping nails 5 for fixing them to the flat tunnel wall, and the nail caps of the clamping nails 5 are provided with clamping pads 6.

[0072] It is easy to understand that the above provides a specific implementation method of the enclosure 4 and the collection tank 7. The strip rubber profile adapts to the designated setting path through its bendable characteristics, and blocks the gap between it and the tunnel wall through its elastic deformation characteristics and maintains a certain blocking pressure, thereby reducing the amount of water seepage in the gap between it and the tunnel wall. The clamping nail 5 is used to complete the fixation of the enclosure 4 and the collection tank 7 on the tunnel wall, and the clamping pad 6 is used to increase the effective area of ​​the clamping nail 5 on the enclosure 4 and the collection tank 7 to ensure that the enclosure 4 and the collection tank 7 are reliably fixed to the tunnel wall. In specific applications, when the amount of water seepage in the gap between the enclosure 4 and the collection tank 7 and the tunnel wall exceeds the allowable range, the water sealing performance can be improved by setting a foaming material in the gap.

[0073] A more detailed solution is: it also includes a drainage tube for inserting into the joint gap, and the drainage tube is used to drain the seepage water from the seepage point to the flow measurement device 1 or the water quality characteristic detection device 2.

[0074] In the present scheme, the drainage pipe is used as a drainage device for seepage water, and is specifically used to be inserted into the joint gaps to drain the seepage water from the inside of the joint gaps to the flow measuring device 1 or the water quality characteristic detection device 2. For the horizontal tunnels with many seepage points on the joints, this method of draining seepage water can greatly reduce the seepage area on the joints. Compared with obtaining seepage water from the outside of the joints, this method can improve the collection rate of seepage water while having a simpler system structure and a simpler process.

[0075] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, other embodiments obtained without departing from the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site of a hydropower station. This method evaluates the development of rock joints through the seepage water characteristics of the adit in the dam site, and obtains the rock mass quality of the dam site. In this method, the seepage water characteristics of the adit are obtained by setting a seepage water detection system in the adit, and the method is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the joint characteristics of the adit wall of the rock mass in the dam site area, a fence (4) is used to divide the adit wall into a plurality of sub-areas. The fence (4) serves as a water-blocking wall between the sub-areas. The joints in the same sub-area have an apparent characteristic of being interconnected, and the joints in different sub-areas have an apparent characteristic of being disconnected from each other. S2. Using a seepage water detection system to obtain seepage water characteristics of each sub-area, the seepage water characteristics include the seepage water flow rate at each moment during the detection period, and obtaining a seepage water flow rate curve of each sub-area according to the seepage water flow rate, the seepage water characteristics also include water quality characteristics of the seepage water at a set moment during the detection period, the water quality characteristics are content characteristics of target ion components in the seepage water and / or pH value characteristics of the seepage water, and fitting a seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-area according to the water quality characteristics; S3, according to the seepage water flow curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve, obtaining the seepage water flow change law and the seepage water quality characteristic change law of each sub-area; S4. For sub-areas with the same seepage water flow rate change law and seepage water quality characteristic change law, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints have internal connectivity and belong to the same continuous joints. For sub-areas with different seepage water flow rate change laws and seepage water quality characteristic change laws, these sub-areas are recognized as the covered joints are disconnected joints.

2. The method for evaluating rock mass quality in a dam site of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the method for obtaining the seepage water flow rate is: collecting the seepage water at the seepage point, and draining the seepage water into the flow measurement device (1) to complete the seepage water flow rate measurement; For seepage water whose estimated flow rate is greater than or equal to a set flow rate value, a flow meter-based flow measurement device (1) is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement; for seepage water whose estimated flow rate is less than or equal to the set flow rate value, a flow measurement device (1) including a water storage device is used to complete the seepage water flow measurement, wherein the water storage device includes a water storage tank (8), a weighing device (9) and a conversion module (10); the water storage tank (8) is used to collect seepage water, the weighing device (9) is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank (8) at each time, and the conversion module (10) is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device (9) into the flow value of the seepage water.

3. The method for evaluating rock mass quality in a dam site of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: For the seepage points located on the side and top of the cave, according to the seepage form of the seepage water, for the seepage water that flows along the wall after seepage, a collecting trough (7) fixed on the cave wall and located below the seepage point is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the collecting trough (7) is drained to the flow measuring device (1) through a pipeline to complete the seepage water flow measurement; for the seepage water that drips or sprays after seepage, a receiving cover fixed on the cave wall or supported on the cave floor is used to collect the seepage water, and the seepage water collected by the receiving cover is drained to the flow measuring device (1) through a pipeline to complete the seepage water flow measurement.

4. The method for evaluating rock mass quality in the dam site of a hydropower station according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: For joints that are apparently interconnected and have multiple seepage points, gap plugging materials are used to plug the seepage points with relatively small flow rates, and the seepage water from the seepage points is collected from the retained seepage points.

5. The method for evaluating rock mass quality in a dam site of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target ions include one or more of sulfate ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, magnesium ions, and calcium ions. When performing the content characteristic detection, the set time is the time when the seepage water detection system performs seepage water sampling according to the set target ion component sampling frequency.

6. The method for evaluating rock mass quality in a dam site of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is impossible to obtain seepage water with extractable flow characteristics and water quality characteristics based on natural rainfall in the dam site area, artificial simulated rainfall is provided for the rock and soil above Pingdong based on the natural rainfall records of the dam site over the years, where the rainfall of the artificial simulated rainfall matches the rainfall at the current time of the year.

7. A system for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the method for evaluating the rock mass quality in the dam site area of ​​a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The system comprises a flow measuring device (1) for obtaining the seepage water flow rate; The system comprises a water quality characteristic detection device (2) for obtaining the water quality characteristics of the seepage water; The system comprises a data processing module (3) for statistically calculating or fitting the seepage water flow curve and the seepage water quality characteristic curve of each sub-region, obtaining the seepage water flow variation law and the seepage water quality characteristic variation law of each sub-region, and judging the actual connectivity relationship of the joints covered by each sub-region based on the seepage water flow variation law and the seepage water quality characteristic variation law of each sub-region.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The flow measurement device (1) comprises a flow measurement device (1) based on a flow meter, and the flow measurement device (1) further comprises a flow measurement device (1) having a water storage tank (8), a weighing device (9) and a conversion module (10), wherein the water storage tank (8) is used to collect seepage water and incoming water, the weighing device (9) is used to measure the weight of the water storage tank (8) at each moment, and the conversion module (10) is used to convert the measurement result of the weighing device (9) into the flow value of the seepage water and incoming water.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The system also includes a fence (4) serving as a water barrier between sub-areas, wherein the fence (4) is a strip rubber profile with an L-shaped cross section. The system also includes a collection trough (7) for collecting seepage water from the flat tunnel wall, wherein the collection trough (7) is a strip rubber profile with a U-shaped cross section. The fence (4) and the collection trough (7) are provided with a clamping nail (5) for fixing them to the flat tunnel wall, and a clamping pad (6) is provided on the nail cap of the clamping nail (5).

10. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that It also includes a drainage tube for inserting into the joint gap, and the drainage tube is used to drain the seepage water from the seepage point to the flow measurement device (1) or the water quality characteristic detection device (2).

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