Structural optimization design method of planetary reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure optimization design method of a planetary reducer, which comprises the following steps of: 1, creating a gear geometric model based on SOLIDWORKS software, determining material types, setting material parameters, and defining unit types and attributes; 2, distributing unit attributes based on ANSYS software, setting a grid division level, selecting a grid division mode, and generating a finite element model through grid division; 3, defining an analysis type based on ANSYS software, applying a load to the finite element model, and carrying out solution calculation; and 4, entering a postprocessor based on ANSYS software, observing and analyzing a calculation result, and obtaining the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation conditions of the planetary reducer gear. According to the method, modeling of the planetary reducer gear is realized by using SOLIDWORKS software, the modeling efficiency is improved, and the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation conditions of the gear are systematically and perfectly analyzed by using ANSYS software.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission design, and in particular to a static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer. Background Art

[0002] A reducer is a kind of deceleration transmission device, which is generally used for low-speed and high-torque transmission equipment. It plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or actuator. It is widely used in modern machinery. It is a relatively precise machine, also known as a reducer. According to the transmission type, it can be divided into gear reducers, worm reducers and planetary gear reducers. Among them, planetary reducers are widely used in various major fields such as aerospace, shipbuilding and heavy industry, wind power, automobiles and national defense because of their large transmission power and compact structure.

[0003] Compared with other transmission systems, planetary gear transmission has the characteristics of large transmission ratio, compact structure, long life, etc., and is suitable for various ranges. At present, research on planetary transmission systems is being carried out both at home and abroad. Developed countries in the world such as Japan, Germany, the United States, and Russia are in a leading position in structural optimization, transmission performance, transmission power, torque, etc. due to their emphasis on planetary gear transmission technology. my country began to develop and apply planetary reducers in the 1960s. In the 1970s, the NGW type involute planetary gear reducer standard was first formulated, and a variety of high-speed and high-power planetary reducers were produced. In the 1980s, low-speed and high-torque planetary reducers were produced. Data show that from 2018 to 2022, the sales of planetary reducers in my country increased from US$296 million to US$500 million, with a compound annual growth rate of 14.0%, and it is expected to reach US$520 million in 2023. The market development space is broad. It can be seen that the research on planetary reducers has great industrial value and application value, and is very necessary.

[0004] Most of the planetary reducers currently studied have one sun gear and three planetary gears, and there is still a gap in the research on four planetary gears. This paper is dedicated to studying the stress analysis of the four planetary gears on the sun gear and optimizing the structure so that the performance of the entire component will be more optimized after adding a planetary gear, and the volume and cost will not increase significantly.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a static analysis method for the structural optimization design of a planetary reducer. SOLIDWORKS software is used for modeling to improve modeling efficiency. ANSYS software is used for finite element simulation analysis of the gears of the planetary reducer to systematically and comprehensively analyze the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation of the gears, providing solid technical support for the structural optimization design of the planetary reducer gears. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a static analysis method for the structural optimization design of a planetary reducer.

[0007] The present invention is achieved by at least one of the following technical solutions.

[0008] A static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Create a gear geometry model based on SOLIDWORKS software, determine the material type of the gear model, set material parameters, and define unit types and properties;

[0010] Step 2: Based on the ANSYS software, assign unit attributes, set the meshing level and select the meshing method, and generate a finite element model by meshing;

[0011] Step 3: Define the analysis type based on ANSYS software, apply load to the finite element model, and perform solution calculation;

[0012] After the solutions of step 4 and step 3 are completed, the calculation results are observed and analyzed by entering the post-processor based on the ANSYS software to obtain the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation of the planetary reducer gear.

[0013] Preferably, according to the basic parameters of the planetary reducer, based on SOLIDWORKS software, the module of the sun gear is 10, the number of teeth is 14, the module of the planet gear is 10, the number of teeth is 25, the number of teeth of the inner ring is 66, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the number of teeth is 10. Select the reference plane in SolidWorks, draw the equation-driven curve, change the equation type to parameter type, draw the base circle, root circle, and addendum circle respectively, draw three involutes, use the circumferential array to draw the entire gear, and stretch the boss to create the geometric model of the planetary reducer. ;

[0014] Preferably, the material parameters include elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, material density, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the material.

[0015] Preferably, generating the finite element model of the gear includes using ANSYS software to divide the mesh using the MESH command to generate the finite element model of the gear of the planetary reducer.

[0016] Preferably, use the PRESSURE command in the ANSYS software to load pressure, use the FIXED SUPPORT command to load fixed supports, and use the SOLVE command to start solving.

[0017] Preferably, ANSYS software is used, and the total deformation cloud map is viewed using the TOTAL DEFORMATION command, the equivalent elastic strain cloud map is viewed using the EQUIVALENT ELASTIC STRAIN command, and the stress cloud map is viewed using the EQUIVALENT STRESS command.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] For the gears of planetary reducers, SOLIDWORKS software is used for modeling to improve modeling efficiency, and ANSYS software is used for finite element simulation analysis. The total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation of the gears are systematically and comprehensively analyzed, providing effective guidance for engineering personnel to conduct related research and providing solid technical support for the structural optimization design of planetary reducer gears. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer of this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 is a geometric model diagram of the planetary reducer of this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 is a finite element model diagram of the planetary reducer of this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 is the total deformation cloud diagram of the finite element calculation result of the planetary reducer calculated by ANSYS in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 is the equivalent elastic deformation cloud diagram of the finite element calculation result of the planetary reducer calculated by ANSYS in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a stress cloud diagram of the finite element calculation results of the planetary reducer calculated by ANSYS in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The planetary reducer of this embodiment has four planetary gears, a sun gear and an inner ring gear, wherein the module of the sun gear is 10 and the number of teeth is 14, the module of the planetary gear is 10 and the number of teeth is 25, the number of teeth of the inner ring gear is 66, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the number of teeth is 10.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: According to the basic parameters of the planetary reducer, based on SOLIDWORKS software, the module of the sun gear is 10, the number of teeth is 14, the module of the planet gear is 10, the number of teeth is 25, the number of teeth of the inner ring is 66, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the number of teeth is 10. Select the reference plane in SolidWorks, draw the equation-driven curve, change the equation type to parametric, draw the base circle, root circle, and addendum circle respectively, draw three involutes, use the circular array to draw the entire gear, and stretch the boss to create the geometric model of the planetary reducer, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0030] The module of the sun gear is 10, the number of teeth is 14, the module of the planet gear is 10, the number of teeth is 25, the number of teeth of the inner ring is 66, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the number of teeth is 10. Import the built gear model into ANSYS software.

[0031] The MPDATA command in ANSYS software was used to set the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the material. For the thermal expansion coefficient, the UIMP command was used to specify the reference temperature as 20°C.

[0032] Step 2: Use the ELEMENT SIZE command in ANSYS software to define the grid size as 5 mm, use the MESH command to divide the grid, and generate the finite element model of the planetary reducer gear by dividing the grid of the geometric model, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0033] Step 3. The default analysis type is static analysis. Use the FIXED SUPPORT command in the ANSYS software to select the fixed support surface, use the PRESSURE command to load the pressure to 88888MPa, use the ACEL command in the ANSYS software to load the gravity acceleration to 9.8N / Kg, use the TOTAL DEFORMATION command to load the total deformation analysis, use the EQUIVALENT ELASTIC STRAIN command to load the equivalent elastic strain analysis, use the EQUIVALENT STRESS command to load the stress analysis, and use the SOLVE command to start solving.

[0034] After the solution of step 4 and step 3 is completed, the calculation results are observed and analyzed by entering the post-processor based on the ANSYS software, and the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation of the planetary reducer gear are obtained, as shown in Figure 6 As shown;

[0035] from Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that when the ratio of the gear hub to the gear tooth height is about 1.2, the color of the hub tooth area of ​​the image obtained after analysis of the gear model is closest, that is, the ultimate force of the hub tooth is closest, meeting the requirements of the strength and life of the hub tooth, and achieving the optimization of the planetary reducer structure.

[0036] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement modes and shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural optimization design method for a planetary reducer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Create a gear geometry model based on SOLIDWORKS software, determine the material type of the gear model, set material parameters, and define unit types and properties; Step 2: Based on the ANSYS software, assign unit attributes, set the meshing level and select the meshing method, and generate a finite element model by meshing; Step 3: Define the analysis type based on ANSYS software, apply load to the finite element model, and perform solution calculation; After the solutions of step 4 and step 3 are completed, the calculation results are observed and analyzed by entering the post-processor based on the ANSYS software to obtain the total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic deformation of the planetary reducer gear.

2. According to the basic parameters of the planetary reducer, based on SOLIDWORKS software, the module of the sun gear is 10, the number of teeth is 14, the module of the planet gear is 10, the number of teeth is 25, the number of teeth of the inner ring is 66, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the number of teeth is 10. Select the reference plane in SolidWorks, draw the equation-driven curve, change the equation type to parametric, draw the base circle, root circle, and addendum circle respectively, draw three involutes, use the circular array to draw the entire gear, and stretch the boss to create the geometric model of the planetary reducer.

3. The static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material parameters include elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, material density, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the material.

4. The static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generating the finite element model of the gear includes using ANSYS software, dividing the mesh with the MESH command, and generating the finite element model of the gear of the planetary reducer.

5. The static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step three includes using the PRESSURE command in the ANSYS software to load pressure, using the FIXED SUPPORT command to load fixed supports, and using the SOLVE command to start the solution.

6. The static analysis method for structural optimization design of a planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4 includes using ANSYS software, using the TOTAL DEFORMATION command to view the total deformation cloud map, using the EQUIVALENT ELASTIC STRAIN command to view the equivalent elastic strain cloud map, and using the EQUIVALENT STRESS command to view the stress cloud map.

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