Hydrogen fuel cell structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell structure which comprises a plurality of single cell assemblies which are stacked together in sequence, each single cell assembly comprises a cathode plate, a supporting plate, an anode plate and a power generation unit, the middle of each supporting plate is of a hollow structure, and the cathode plates, the supporting plates and the anode plates are attached in sequence; and the power generation unit is arranged in the hollow structure and is positioned between the cathode plate and the anode plate. According to the hydrogen fuel cell structure provided by the invention, the supporting plate plays a supporting role, the negative plate, the supporting plate and the positive plate are directly attached, and the sealing element does not participate in thickness size control, so that the control of dimensional tolerance is simple and stable, and the performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell structure. Background Art

[0002] As a new energy supply product, hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in many new energy application fields. The thickness of the proton membrane of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is usually 0.01mm, which requires the contact resistance between the entire surface of the proton membrane and the plate to be small and uniform. The electrolyzer is stacked with hundreds of electrolysis units, and the control of the clamping force and size is the most critical. The existing technology is to set a seal between the bipolar plates to ensure the seal and compress the middle power generation unit of the seal. This type of structure makes the size control of the compression depend on the power generation unit and the sealing ring inside the hydrogen fuel. The seal generally has a certain elasticity. During the pressure change process, the deformation of the seal is large, which causes the height of the power generation unit, that is, the contact resistance between the proton membrane surface and the bipolar plate, to be greatly affected by the clamping force. The battery stack is stacked with hundreds of single battery groups, and the dimensional tolerance is difficult to control, which greatly limits the overall performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] Therefore, the prior art needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell structure to solve the problem of difficult control of dimensional tolerance in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve one or part or all of the above purposes or other purposes, the present invention proposes a hydrogen fuel cell structure, including a plurality of single cell assemblies stacked together in sequence, wherein the single cell assembly includes a cathode plate, a support plate, an anode plate, and a power generation unit, wherein the middle portion of the support plate is a hollow structure, the cathode plate, the support plate, and the anode plate are attached in sequence, and the power generation unit is arranged in the hollow structure and is located between the cathode plate and the anode plate.

[0006] Preferably, the power generation unit includes an upper gas diffusion layer, a proton membrane, a lower gas diffusion layer, an upper membrane sealing ring and a lower membrane sealing ring; the upper membrane sealing ring and the lower membrane sealing ring are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the proton membrane, and the proton membrane is clamped under the pressure of the cathode plate and the anode plate, the upper gas diffusion layer is located in the inner ring of the upper membrane sealing ring, and the lower gas diffusion layer is located in the inner ring of the lower membrane sealing ring.

[0007] Preferably, the single cell assembly further comprises a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, one side end of the cathode plate and the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet hole, an air inlet hole and a coolant supply hole, the other side end of the cathode plate and the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen outlet hole, an air outlet hole and a coolant outlet hole, the cathode plate and the anode plate are both provided with a first sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen inlet hole, the air inlet hole and the coolant supply hole on opposite sides, and a second sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen outlet hole, the air outlet hole and the coolant outlet hole, the first sealing ring is arranged in the support plate and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the first sealing grooves on the cathode plate and the anode plate, the second sealing ring is arranged in the support plate and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the second sealing grooves on the cathode plate and the anode plate.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring under compression of the cathode plate and the anode plate is equal to the sum of the depth of the first sealing groove, the thickness of the support plate and the depth of the second sealing groove.

[0009] Preferably, the cathode plate is provided with an air flow channel groove on the side facing the upper gas diffusion layer, the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen flow channel groove on the side facing the lower gas diffusion layer, and the cathode plate is provided with a cooling flow channel groove on the side for bonding with the anode plate of the adjacent single cell assembly and / or on the side for bonding with the cathode plate of the adjacent single cell assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the support plate is a flat plate, and the thickness of the support plate is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper gas diffusion layer, the proton membrane and the lower gas diffusion layer under the compression of the cathode plate and the anode plate.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell structure comprises an upper pressure plate, an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate and a lower pressure plate which are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of the single cell assemblies are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell structure also includes a plurality of screws and a plurality of locking nuts. The screws sequentially pass through the upper pressure plate, the upper insulating plate, the cathode plate, the support plate, the anode plate, the lower insulating plate and the lower pressure plate and are locked with the locking nuts. The plurality of screws are arranged around the single cell assembly.

[0013] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0014] A support plate is used as an intermediate support member, which is directly bonded to the cathode plate and the anode plate and directly bears the main pressure, ensuring that the pressure on the middle power generation unit is stable and controllable. Compared with the existing technology, the seal of the power generation unit does not participate in size control, and the control of dimensional tolerance is simple and stable, thereby improving performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] in:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a hydrogen fuel cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure after two single battery assemblies are bonded together in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along section AA;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at center C;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Magnified view at D in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at E in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along section BB;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at F in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a cathode plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the top view of the anode plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the bottom view of the anode plate in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals are as follows: 100, single cell assembly; 1, cathode plate; 11, first hydrogen inlet interface;

[0029] 111, cathode hydrogen inlet sealing groove; 12, first hydrogen outlet interface; 121, cathode hydrogen outlet sealing groove; 13, first air inlet interface; 131, cathode air inlet sealing groove; 14, first air outlet interface; 141, cathode air outlet sealing groove; 15, air flow channel groove; 16, air inlet through hole; 17, air outlet through hole; 18, first coolant inlet interface; 181, second liquid supply sealing groove; 19, first coolant outlet interface ; 191, fourth liquid supply sealing groove; 2, support plate; 3, anode plate; 31, second hydrogen inlet interface; 311, anode hydrogen inlet sealing groove; 32, second hydrogen outlet interface; 321, anode hydrogen outlet sealing groove; 33, hydrogen flow channel groove; 34, hydrogen inlet through hole; 35, hydrogen outlet through hole; 36, second air inlet interface; 361, anode air inlet sealing groove; 37, second air outlet interface; 371, anode air outlet sealing groove;

[0030] 38, second coolant inlet interface; 381, first liquid supply sealing groove; 39, second coolant outlet interface; 391, third liquid supply sealing groove; 4, power generation unit; 41, upper gas diffusion layer; 42, proton membrane; 43, lower gas diffusion layer; 44, upper membrane sealing ring; 45, lower membrane sealing ring; 51, hydrogen inlet sealing ring; 52, hydrogen outlet sealing ring; 53, air inlet sealing ring; 54, air outlet sealing ring; 55, first coolant sealing ring; 56, second coolant sealing ring; 61, first inter-plate sealing ring;

[0031] 62, second inter-plate sealing ring; 63, third inter-plate sealing ring; 64, fourth inter-plate sealing ring; 65, inter-plate coolant sealing ring; 71, first inter-plate sealing groove; 72, second inter-plate sealing groove; 73, third inter-plate sealing groove; 74, fourth inter-plate sealing groove; 75, coolant sealing groove; 101, hydrogen inlet hole;

[0032] 102, hydrogen outlet hole; 103, air inlet hole; 104, air outlet hole; 105, coolant supply hole; 106, coolant outlet hole; 107, cooling flow channel groove; 200, upper pressure plate; 300, lower pressure plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0035] It is understood that the singular forms "a", "an" and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there may be a centered element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes. In the present invention, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly for better describing the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. In addition, the above-mentioned part of the terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to being used to express orientation or position relationship, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In addition, the terms "disposed", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 11 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell structure, including a plurality of single cell assemblies 100 stacked together in sequence, the single cell assembly 100 includes a cathode plate 1, a support plate 2, an anode plate 3, and a power generation unit 4, the middle of the support plate 2 is a hollow structure, the cathode plate 1, the support plate 2, and the anode plate 3 are sequentially attached, and the power generation unit 4 is arranged in the hollow structure and is located between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3. Specifically, the overall shape of the support plate 2 is the same as that of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, the middle of the support plate 2 is a hollow structure, and the range of the hollow structure covers the areas where the hydrogen inlet hole 101, the air inlet hole 103, the coolant supply hole 105, the hydrogen outlet hole 102, the air outlet hole 104, and the coolant outlet hole 106 on the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 are located.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the support plate 2 is a flat plate, and the thickness of the support plate 2 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper gas diffusion layer 41, the proton membrane 42, and the lower gas diffusion layer 43 under the compression of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3. The support plate 2 is made of a material resistant to high temperature, weak acid, and weak alkali, and has high strength and pressure resistance, small and controllable deformation.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the power generation unit 4 includes an upper gas diffusion layer 41, a proton membrane 42, a lower gas diffusion layer 43, an upper membrane sealing ring 44 and a lower membrane sealing ring 45; the upper membrane sealing ring 44 and the lower membrane sealing ring 45 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the proton membrane, and the proton membrane 42 is clamped under the pressing action of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, the upper gas diffusion layer 41 is located in the inner circle of the upper membrane sealing ring 44, and the lower gas diffusion layer 43 is located in the inner circle of the lower membrane sealing ring 45. The upper membrane sealing ring 44 and the lower membrane sealing ring 45 respectively realize the sealing of the hydrogen side and the air side, and the pressure of pressing the upper membrane sealing ring 44 and the lower membrane sealing ring 45 is much smaller than the pressing force between the cathode plate 1, the support plate 2, and the anode plate 3. The upper membrane sealing ring 44 and the lower membrane sealing ring 45 realize the pressing and sealing without affecting the dimensional tolerance between the cathode plate 1, the anode plate 3, the upper gas diffusion layer 41, the proton membrane 42, and the lower gas diffusion layer 43, and the power generation effect is stable and controllable.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, the single cell assembly 100 also includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, one side end of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is provided with a hydrogen inlet hole 101, an air inlet hole 103 and a coolant supply hole 105, the other side end of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is provided with a hydrogen outlet hole 102, an air outlet hole 104 and a coolant outlet hole 106, the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 are both provided with a first sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen inlet hole 101, the air inlet hole 103, and the coolant supply hole 105 on the opposite side, and a second sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen outlet hole 102, the air outlet hole 104, and the coolant outlet hole 106, the first sealing ring is arranged in the support plate 2 and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the first sealing grooves on the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, the second sealing ring is arranged in the support plate 2 and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the second sealing grooves on the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the thickness of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring under compression of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is equal to the sum of the depth of the first sealing groove, the thickness of the support plate 2 and the depth of the second sealing groove.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the cathode plate 1 is provided with an air flow channel groove 15 on the side facing the upper gas diffusion layer 41, the anode plate 3 is provided with a hydrogen flow channel groove 33 on the side facing the lower gas diffusion layer 43, and the side of the cathode plate 1 used to be bonded with the anode plate 3 of the adjacent single cell assembly 100 and / or the side of the anode plate 3 used to be bonded with the cathode plate 1 of the adjacent single cell assembly 100 is provided with a cooling flow channel groove 107. One side of the cathode plate 1 is bonded with the support plate 2, and the other side is bonded with the anode plate 3 of the adjacent single cell assembly 100; one side of the anode plate 3 is bonded with the support plate 2, and the other side is bonded with the cathode plate 1 of the adjacent single cell assembly 100.

[0044] Specifically, the single cell assembly 100 also includes a hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, which is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, and a first hydrogen inlet interface 11 is provided on the cathode plate 1, and a second hydrogen inlet interface 31 is correspondingly provided on the anode plate 3, and the first hydrogen inlet interface 11, the inner ring of the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, and the second hydrogen inlet interface 31 are connected to form a hydrogen inlet hole 101; the single cell assembly 100 also includes a hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, which is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, and a first hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52 is provided on the cathode plate 1. A gas outlet interface 12, a second hydrogen gas outlet interface 32 is correspondingly provided on the anode plate 3, the first hydrogen gas outlet interface 12, the inner ring of the hydrogen gas outlet sealing ring 52, and the second hydrogen gas outlet interface 32 are connected to form a hydrogen gas outlet hole 102; a hydrogen flow channel groove 33 is provided on the upper side surface of the anode plate 3 facing the lower gas diffusion layer 43, and a plurality of hydrogen gas inlet through holes 34 and a plurality of hydrogen gas outlet through holes 35 are also provided on the anode plate 3, the hydrogen gas inlet through holes 34 connect the hydrogen gas flow channel groove 33 and the hydrogen gas inlet hole 101, and the hydrogen gas outlet through holes 35 connect the hydrogen gas flow channel groove 33 and the hydrogen gas outlet hole 102. Similarly, the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52 respectively complete the sealing of the hydrogen inlet hole 101 and the hydrogen outlet hole 102 in the gap between the two electrode plates. While the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 are pressed and sealed, they do not participate in the dimensional tolerance control of the distance between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, and the power generation effect is stable and controllable.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, the upper side of the anode plate 3 is provided with an annular anode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 311, and the lower side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with an annular cathode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 111. The anode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 311 and the cathode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 111 are both filled with the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, and the thickness of the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 is equal to the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the anode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 311, and the depth of the cathode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 111. and; an annular anode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 321 is provided on the upper side of the anode plate 3, and an annular cathode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 121 is provided on the lower side of the cathode plate 1, the anode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 321 and the cathode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 121 are both filled with the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, and the thickness of the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the anode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 321, and the depth of the cathode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 121. By providing grooves at the top and bottom to accommodate part of the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, the thickness of the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52 can be increased, and at the same time, the sealing and fitting area between the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52 and the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is increased, and the sealing effect is more reliable.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the single cell assembly 100 also includes an air intake sealing ring 53, and the air intake sealing ring 53 is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3. The cathode plate 1 is provided with a first air intake interface 13, and the anode plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a second air intake interface 36. The first air intake interface 13, the inner ring of the air intake sealing ring 53, and the second air intake interface 36 are connected to form an air intake hole 103; Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 7 to 11As shown, the single cell assembly 100 also includes an air outlet sealing ring 54, which is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3. The cathode plate 1 is provided with a first air outlet interface 14, and the anode plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a second air outlet interface 37. The first air outlet interface 14, the inner ring of the air outlet sealing ring 54, and the second air inlet interface 36 are connected to form an air outlet hole 104; an air flow channel groove 15 is provided on the lower side of the cathode plate 1 facing the upper gas diffusion layer 41, and the cathode plate 1 is also provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 16 and a plurality of air outlet holes 17, the air inlet holes 16 connect the air flow channel groove 15 and the air inlet hole 103, and the air outlet holes 17 connect the air flow channel groove 15 and the air outlet hole 104. The air inlet sealing ring 53 and the air outlet sealing ring 54 are similar in structure to the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51 and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, respectively completing the sealing of the air inlet hole 103 and the air outlet hole 104 in the gap between the two electrode plates, and while the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 are pressed and sealed, they do not participate in the dimensional tolerance control of the distance between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, an annular anode air intake sealing groove 361 is provided on the upper side of the anode plate 3, and an annular cathode air intake sealing groove 131 is provided on the lower side of the cathode plate 1. The anode air intake sealing groove 361 and the cathode air intake sealing groove 131 are both filled with the air intake sealing ring 53, and the thickness of the air intake sealing ring 53 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the anode air intake sealing groove 361, and the depth of the cathode air intake sealing groove 131; as shown Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10As shown, the upper side of the anode plate 3 is provided with an annular anode air outlet sealing groove 371, and the lower side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with an annular cathode air outlet sealing groove 141. The anode air outlet sealing groove 371 and the cathode air outlet sealing groove 141 are both filled with the air outlet sealing ring 54, and the thickness of the air outlet sealing ring 54 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the anode air outlet sealing groove 371, and the depth of the cathode air outlet sealing groove 141. By providing grooves at the top and bottom to accommodate part of the air inlet sealing ring 53 and the air outlet sealing ring 54, the thickness of the air inlet sealing ring 53 and the air outlet sealing ring 54 can be increased, and at the same time, the sealing and fitting area between the air inlet sealing ring 53 and the air outlet sealing ring 54 and the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is increased, and the sealing effect is more reliable.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the single cell assembly 100 also includes a first coolant sealing ring 55, which is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3, and a first coolant water inlet interface 18 is provided on the cathode plate 1, and a second coolant water inlet interface 38 is correspondingly provided on the anode plate 3, and the first coolant water inlet interface 18, the inner ring of the first coolant sealing ring 55, and the second coolant water inlet interface 38 are connected to form a coolant supply hole 105; Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the single cell assembly 100 also includes a second coolant sealing ring 56, which is pressed by the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3. The cathode plate 1 is provided with a first coolant outlet interface 19, and the anode plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a second coolant outlet interface 39. The first coolant outlet interface 19, the inner ring of the second coolant sealing ring 56, and the second coolant outlet interface 39 are connected to form a coolant outlet hole 106; Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig.11As shown, the upper side of the cathode plate 1 and / or the lower side of the anode plate 3 are provided with a cooling channel groove 107, and the coolant outlet hole 106 and the coolant supply hole 105 are both connected to the cooling channel groove 107. A cooling area is formed between two adjacent single battery assemblies 100 through the cooling channel groove 107, and coolant is circulated to the cooling area through the coolant supply hole 105 and the coolant outlet hole 106, which is beneficial to the temperature control during the power generation process, thereby maintaining a better power generation effect.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the upper side of the anode plate 3 is provided with an annular first liquid supply sealing groove 381, and the lower side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with an annular second liquid supply sealing groove 181, the first liquid supply sealing groove 381 and the second liquid supply sealing groove 181 are both filled with the first coolant sealing ring 55, and the thickness of the first coolant sealing ring 55 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the first liquid supply sealing groove 381, and the depth of the second liquid supply sealing groove 181; Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the upper side of the anode plate 3 is provided with an annular third liquid supply sealing groove 391, and the lower side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with an annular fourth liquid supply sealing groove 191. The third liquid supply sealing groove 391 and the fourth liquid supply sealing groove 191 are both filled with the second coolant sealing ring 56, and the thickness of the second coolant sealing ring 56 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the support plate 2, the depth of the third liquid supply sealing groove 391, and the depth of the fourth liquid supply sealing groove 191. By providing grooves at the top and bottom to accommodate the first liquid supply sealing groove 381 and the second liquid supply sealing groove 181, the thickness of the first liquid supply sealing groove 381 and the second liquid supply sealing groove 181 can be increased, and at the same time, the sealing contact area between the first liquid supply sealing groove 381 and the second liquid supply sealing groove 181 and the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 is increased, and the sealing effect is more reliable.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, the air inlet sealing ring 53, and the first coolant sealing ring 55 are located on the same side of the power generation unit 4, and the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, the air inlet sealing ring 53, and the first coolant sealing ring 55 are integrally formed, that is, the hydrogen inlet sealing ring 51, the air inlet sealing ring 53, and the first coolant sealing ring 55 together constitute a first sealing ring; the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, the air outlet sealing ring 54, and the second coolant sealing ring 56 are located on the other side of the power generation unit 4, and the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, the air outlet sealing ring 54, and the second coolant sealing ring 56 are integrally formed, that is, the hydrogen outlet sealing ring 52, the air outlet sealing ring 54, and the second coolant sealing ring 56 together constitute a second sealing ring. The one-piece design can reduce the assembly space requirements and reduce the assembly steps for easy assembly.

[0051] Specifically, the cathode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 111, the second liquid supply sealing groove 181, and the cathode air inlet sealing groove 131 are connected to form the first sealing groove, the anode hydrogen inlet sealing groove 311, the first liquid supply sealing groove 381, and the anode air inlet sealing groove 361 are connected to form the first sealing groove, the cathode air outlet sealing groove 141, the fourth liquid supply sealing groove 191, and the cathode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 121 are connected to form the second sealing groove, and the anode hydrogen outlet sealing groove 321, the third liquid supply sealing groove 391, and the anode air outlet sealing groove 371 are connected to form the second sealing groove.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 as well as Fig.10 , Fig.11As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell structure also includes a plurality of first inter-plate sealing rings 61, a plurality of second inter-plate sealing rings 62, a plurality of third inter-plate sealing rings 63, a plurality of fourth inter-plate sealing rings 64, and a plurality of inter-plate coolant sealing rings 65. The lower side of the anode plate 3 and / or the upper side of the cathode plate 1 are provided with a first inter-plate sealing groove 71, a second inter-plate sealing groove 72, a third inter-plate sealing groove 73, a fourth inter-plate sealing groove 74, and a coolant sealing groove 75. The first inter-plate sealing groove 71, the second inter-plate sealing groove 72, the third inter-plate sealing groove 73, the fourth inter-plate sealing groove 74, and the coolant sealing groove 75 are all annular; the hydrogen inlet hole 101 passes through the inner circle of the first inter-plate sealing groove 71, and the first inter-plate sealing ring 61 is pressed and installed on the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 1. The first inter-plate sealing groove 71; the hydrogen outlet hole 102 passes through the inner circle of the second inter-plate sealing groove 72, and the second inter-plate sealing ring 62 is pressed and installed in the second inter-plate sealing groove 72 by the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 1; the air inlet hole 103 passes through the inner circle of the third inter-plate sealing groove 73, and the third inter-plate sealing ring 63 is pressed and installed in the third inter-plate sealing groove 73 by the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 1; the air outlet hole 104 passes through the inner circle of the fourth inter-plate sealing groove 74, and the fourth inter-plate sealing ring 64 is pressed and installed in the fourth inter-plate sealing groove 74 by the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 1; the coolant supply hole 105, the coolant outlet hole 106, and the cooling channel groove 107 are all located in the inner circle of the coolant sealing groove 75. The hydrogen inlet hole 101, hydrogen outlet hole 102, air inlet hole 103, air outlet hole 104 and cooling area assembly gap between two adjacent single battery assemblies 100 are sealed by the first inter-plate sealing ring 61, the second inter-plate sealing ring 62, the third inter-plate sealing ring 63, the fourth inter-plate sealing ring 64 and the inter-plate coolant sealing ring 65 respectively.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.11 As shown, the first inter-plate sealing groove 71, the second inter-plate sealing groove 72, the third inter-plate sealing groove 73, and the fourth inter-plate sealing groove 74 are all connected to the coolant sealing groove 75, and the first inter-plate sealing ring 61, the second inter-plate sealing ring 62, the third inter-plate sealing ring 63, the fourth inter-plate sealing ring 64, and the inter-plate coolant sealing ring 65 are integrally formed to facilitate assembly.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell structure includes an upper pressing plate 200, an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate and a lower pressing plate 300 which are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of the single cell assemblies 100 are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate.

[0055] The hydrogen fuel cell structure also includes a plurality of screws and a plurality of locking nuts. The screws sequentially pass through the upper pressure plate 200, the upper insulating plate, the cathode plate 1, the support plate, the anode plate 3, the lower insulating plate and the lower pressure plate 300 and are locked with the locking nuts. The plurality of screws are arranged around the single cell assembly 100 to maintain uniform clamping force and prevent the end plate from warping.

[0056] The hydrogen fuel cell structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] The support plate 2 is used as the middle support member, which is directly fitted with the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 3 and directly bears the main pressure, ensuring that the pressure on the middle power generation unit 4 is stable and controllable. Compared with the prior art, the seal of the power generation unit 4 does not participate in the size control, and the control of the size tolerance is simple and stable, thereby improving the performance.

[0058] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell structure, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of single cell assemblies stacked together in sequence, wherein the single cell assembly includes a cathode plate, a support plate, an anode plate, and a power generation unit. The middle portion of the support plate is a hollow structure. The cathode plate, the support plate, and the anode plate are attached in sequence. The power generation unit is arranged in the hollow structure and is located between the cathode plate and the anode plate.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes an upper gas diffusion layer, a proton membrane, a lower gas diffusion layer, an upper membrane sealing ring and a lower membrane sealing ring; the upper membrane sealing ring and the lower membrane sealing ring are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the proton membrane, and the proton membrane is clamped under the pressure of the cathode plate and the anode plate, the upper gas diffusion layer is located in the inner ring of the upper membrane sealing ring, and the lower gas diffusion layer is located in the inner ring of the lower membrane sealing ring.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The single cell assembly also includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. A hydrogen inlet hole, an air inlet hole and a coolant supply hole are provided on one side end of the cathode plate and the anode plate, and a hydrogen outlet hole, an air outlet hole and a coolant outlet hole are provided on the other side end of the cathode plate and the anode plate. The cathode plate and the anode plate are both provided with a first sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen inlet hole, the air inlet hole and the coolant supply hole on the opposite side, and a second sealing groove arranged around the hydrogen outlet hole, the air outlet hole and the coolant outlet hole. The first sealing ring is arranged in the support plate and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the first sealing grooves on the cathode plate and the anode plate. The second sealing ring is arranged in the support plate and the upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the second sealing grooves on the cathode plate and the anode plate.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring under compression of the cathode plate and the anode plate is equal to the sum of the depth of the first sealing groove, the thickness of the support plate and the depth of the second sealing groove.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode plate is provided with an air flow channel groove on the side facing the upper gas diffusion layer, the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen flow channel groove on the side facing the lower gas diffusion layer, and the cathode plate is provided with a cooling flow channel groove on the side thereof for bonding with the anode plate of the adjacent single cell assembly and / or on the side thereof for bonding with the cathode plate of the adjacent single cell assembly.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate is a flat plate, and the thickness of the support plate is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper gas diffusion layer, the proton membrane, and the lower gas diffusion layer under the compression of the cathode plate and the anode plate.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell structure comprises an upper pressing plate, an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate and a lower pressing plate which are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of the single cell assemblies are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell structure also includes a plurality of screw rods and a plurality of locking nuts. The screw rods sequentially pass through the upper pressure plate, the upper insulating plate, the cathode plate, the support plate, the anode plate, the lower insulating plate and the lower pressure plate and are locked with the locking nuts. The plurality of screw rods are arranged around the single cell assembly.

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