Battery heat dissipation device based on liquid cooling structure and coupling heat pipe

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupling heat pipe. The risk that the coupling heat pipe and a liquid cooling pipeline are damaged and a medium is leaked is reduced. The maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack can be obviously reduced; according to the technical scheme, a battery pack is installed in a battery installation shell, the battery pack is composed of a plurality of single batteries, and a heat insulation plate is arranged between every two adjacent single batteries; the liquid cooling pipeline is arranged at the lower end of the exterior of the battery mounting shell and is tightly connected with the battery mounting shell; a plurality of coupling heat pipes are uniformly arranged on the two sides of the battery mounting shell, and the lower parts of the coupling heat pipes are tightly attached to the liquid cooling pipeline; a cooling structure mounting bottom shell is arranged below the liquid cooling pipeline; a cooling structure mounting cover is arranged on one side, far away from the battery pack, of the coupling heat pipe; the liquid cooling pipeline is composed of a plurality of medium storage units and sub-runners, and the sub-runners are arranged between the adjacent medium storage units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular relates to a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The batteries in new energy vehicles have the advantages of small installation space and high energy density, but they generate a lot of heat when working. The heat concentration inside the battery pack causes the local temperature of the battery pack to be too high. The optimal operating range of automotive power batteries is 25-40 degrees Celsius, and the temperature difference of battery cells is within 5 degrees Celsius; the traditional cooling methods include air cooling, liquid cooling and phase change material heat transfer. Air cooling has low heat transfer efficiency and poor temperature uniformity; liquid cooling has the risk of leakage due to its liquid cooling structure arranged inside the battery pack; the addition of phase change materials will increase the overall weight and layout space of the battery pack.

[0004] To improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling method, most current technologies place heat pipes inside the battery pack, which can take away a large amount of heat in a short period of time, keep the temperature of the battery pack within the optimal operating range, and ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery cells. Although the thermal conductivity of the heat pipe is a thousand times that of ordinary metal heat transfer materials, the selected heat pipe condensation section is too long outside the battery pack, wasting installation space. Alternatively, the heat pipe and liquid cooling structure are placed inside the battery pack, increasing the risk of liquid leakage in the liquid cooling pipe. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe. By arranging the coupled heat pipe inside the battery pack and arranging the liquid cooling pipe at the bottom of the battery pack to contact and couple with the heat pipe for heat transfer, the risk of medium leakage in the liquid cooling pipe is reduced; at the same time, the adaptability of the heat dissipation device to different battery pack sizes is improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe, comprising:

[0008] A battery mounting shell, a heat insulation plate, a coupled heat pipe, a liquid cooling pipe, a cooling structure mounting cover, and a cooling structure mounting bottom shell; a heat insulation plate is provided in the battery mounting shell; the liquid cooling pipe is provided at the lower end of the outer portion of the battery mounting shell, and the liquid cooling pipe is tightly connected to the battery mounting shell; a plurality of coupled heat pipes are evenly provided on both sides of the battery mounting shell, and the lower portion of the coupled heat pipe is tightly fitted with the liquid cooling pipe for heat exchange; a cooling structure mounting bottom shell is provided below the liquid cooling pipe for fixing and protecting the liquid cooling pipe; a cooling structure mounting cover is provided on the side of the coupled heat pipe away from the battery mounting shell for fixing and protecting the coupled heat pipe;

[0009] The liquid cooling pipeline is composed of a working fluid inlet module, a working fluid outlet module, a bypass channel and a plurality of medium storage units. Two adjacent medium storage units are connected via the bypass channel. The working fluid inlet module and the working fluid outlet module are respectively arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling pipeline and are connected to the medium storage units via the bypass channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery installation shell is an open rectangular box structure, and is made of aluminum or other metal materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal insulation board is made of aerogel.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of the coupling heat pipes disposed on each side of the battery mounting housing is one more than the number of the heat insulation plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the coupled heat pipe is an L-shaped pipe with a square cross-section, the vertical section of the coupled heat pipe is tightly fitted with the battery mounting shell, and the horizontal section of the coupled heat pipe is arranged below the liquid cooling pipe and located on the upper part of the cooling structure mounting bottom shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell material of the coupled heat pipe is copper, and there is a wick structure inside, and the wick structure is filled with heat exchange medium.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of the medium storage units are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the battery mounting shell, the medium storage units are in a U-shaped structure, a plurality of shunt channels are arranged in parallel between two adjacent medium storage units, and a set distance is arranged between two adjacent shunt channels.

[0016] Furthermore, the medium storage unit and the branch channel are filled with cooling medium.

[0017] Furthermore, the cooling structure installation cover is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which plays a role in fixing and protecting the coupled heat pipes; the cooling structure installation base shell is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which plays a role in protecting and fixing the coupled heat pipes and liquid cooling pipes.

[0018] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle battery, including the above-mentioned battery heat dissipation device based on liquid cooling structure and coupled heat pipe; a battery pack is installed in the battery mounting shell of the heat dissipation device, and the battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells, and adjacent battery cells are spaced apart by the insulation plate, and the number of the battery cells is the same as the number of the coupled heat pipes arranged on a single side of the battery mounting shell.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0020] The present invention effectively removes the internal heat of the battery pack through the coordinated work of the coupled heat pipe and the liquid cooling pipe, thereby solving the problem of excessively high local temperature of the battery pack. By arranging the coupled heat pipe inside the battery pack, the liquid cooling pipe and the heat pipe are in contact and coupled to transfer heat, which can remove a large amount of heat in a short time, significantly reduce the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack, and effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency; the liquid cooling pipe is arranged outside the battery mounting shell, which reduces the risk of liquid leakage and avoids damage to the battery due to liquid corrosion; a number of coupled heat pipes are evenly arranged on both sides, so that the temperature uniformity of the battery cells is guaranteed, the temperature difference of the battery cells is small, and the working performance and service life of the battery are improved. At the same time, the number of coupled heat pipes can be increased or decreased at will according to the size of the battery pack, thereby improving the adaptability of the heat dissipation device to different battery pack sizes.

[0021] The present invention configures the shape of the medium storage unit in the liquid cooling pipe to be a U-shaped structure, sets a plurality of branch channels in parallel between two adjacent medium storage units, and sets a set distance between adjacent branch channels. This not only utilizes the high thermal conductivity of the heat pipe, but also avoids the problem of excessively high working fluid temperature in the liquid cooling pipe, which leads to a decrease in cooling capacity. The heat insulation board, the cooling structure mounting bottom shell and the cooling structure mounting cover are all made of lightweight materials, which can ensure both strength and structural effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat dissipation device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the overall assembly of the battery pack of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the assembly relationship between the heat pipe, liquid cooling pipe and battery pack housing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a partial explosion diagram of the liquid cooling pipeline of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Battery mounting shell; 2. Heat insulation board; 3. Coupled heat pipe; 4. Liquid cooling pipeline; 5. Battery pack; 6. Cooling structure mounting cover; 7. Cooling structure mounting bottom shell; 8. Diverter channel; 9. Medium storage unit; 10. Working fluid inlet module; 11. Working fluid outlet module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0030] In order to solve the above technical problems, the structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe of the present invention, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a battery mounting shell 1, a heat insulation plate 2, a coupling heat pipe 3, a liquid cooling pipe 4, a cooling structure mounting cover 6, and a cooling structure mounting bottom shell 7; the battery mounting shell 1 is provided with a heat insulation plate 2, the liquid cooling pipe 4 is provided at the outer lower end of the battery mounting shell 1, and the liquid cooling pipe 4 is tightly connected to the battery mounting shell 1; a plurality of coupling heat pipes 3 are evenly provided on both sides of the battery mounting shell 1, and the lower part of the coupling heat pipe 3 is tightly fitted with the liquid cooling pipe 4; a cooling structure mounting bottom shell 7 is provided below the liquid cooling pipe 4 for fixing and protecting the liquid cooling pipe 4; a cooling structure mounting cover 6 is provided on the side of the coupling heat pipe 3 away from the battery mounting shell 1 for fixing and protecting the coupling heat pipe 3;

[0031] The liquid cooling pipeline 4 is composed of a working fluid inlet module 10, a working fluid outlet module 11, a bypass channel 8 and a plurality of medium storage units 9. Two adjacent medium storage units 9 are connected via the bypass channel 8. The working fluid inlet module 10 and the working fluid outlet module 11 are respectively arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling pipeline 4 and are connected to the medium storage units 9 via the bypass channel 8.

[0032] The structural parameters of the liquid cooling pipe 4 described in this embodiment include: the number of shunt channels 8, the spacing between the shunt channels 8, the width of the shunt channels 8, and the thickness of the channel; it is characterized in that the different structural parameters of the liquid cooling pipe 4 will affect the flow of the working fluid in the pipe, and thus affect the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling pipe 4; for this reason, in this embodiment, the number of shunt channels 8 between two adjacent medium storage units 9 is designed to be three, the number of shunt channels 8 between the working fluid inlet module 10 and the medium storage unit 9 is designed to be three, the number of shunt channels 8 between the working fluid outlet module 11 and the medium storage unit 9 is designed to be three, the spacing between the shunt channels 8 is designed to be 25mm, the width of the shunt channels 8 is 30mm, and the thickness of the channel is 3mm. When the maximum temperature of the battery pack is 303.22K, the temperature difference of the battery cell is 3.24K, and the pressure drop of the working fluid in the pipe is 1956.156Pa. Under this structural parameter, the overall radiator performance is optimal.

[0033] The liquid cooling pipe 4 in the present invention can be connected in multiple modules according to the number and size of battery packs, including: a working fluid inlet module 10, a working fluid outlet module 11, and a medium storage unit 9; in this embodiment, the number of batteries in the battery pack is 8, corresponding to 1 working fluid inlet module 10 and a working fluid outlet module 11, and 6 medium storage units 9; the relationship between the modules in the pipe and the number of batteries is: if the number of batteries in the battery pack is n, then the liquid cooling pipe 4 corresponds to 1 working fluid inlet module 10 and a working fluid outlet module 11, and n-2 medium storage units 9; the present invention can be modularly connected and installed according to different numbers of batteries; the connection method of the working fluid inlet module 10, the working fluid outlet module 11, the medium storage unit 9 and the diversion channel 8 can be selected as welding or threaded sealing connection.

[0034] In the liquid cooling pipeline 4, the medium storage unit 9 is the main contact part with the battery in the pipeline and plays the role of connecting the heat pipe and the battery cell. The working fluid enters the pipeline from the working fluid inlet module 10, flows into the medium storage unit 9 connected to each battery cell through the series pipeline module, and performs heat transfer.

[0035] The battery mounting shell 1 is used as a mounting carrier for the battery pack. The battery mounting shell 1 is an open rectangular box structure and is made of aluminum or other metal materials.

[0036] The insulation board 2 is made of aerogel to isolate the heat transfer between the battery cells. Aerogel is an ultra-light material usually made of silicon dioxide or other inorganic substances. Aerogel has excellent thermal insulation performance, very low thermal conductivity, and light weight, which can greatly reduce heat transfer between battery cells.

[0037] A number of coupling heat pipes 3 are evenly arranged on both sides of the battery mounting shell 1, and the lower part of the coupling heat pipe 3 is tightly fitted with the liquid cooling pipe 4, which is used for heat exchange between the liquid cooling pipe 4 and the battery mounting shell 1; the coupling heat pipe 3 is an L-shaped pipe with a square cross-section, the vertical section of the coupling heat pipe 3 is tightly fitted with the battery mounting shell 1, and the horizontal section of the coupling heat pipe 3 is arranged below the liquid cooling pipe 4 and located on the upper part of the cooling structure mounting bottom shell 7; the shell material of the coupling heat pipe 3 is copper, and the inside is a wick structure, and the wick structure is filled with a heat exchange medium, and the filling medium is preferably acetone; the coupling heat pipes 3 are respectively arranged on the side of the battery mounting shell 1, and the wall surface of the coupling heat pipe 3 is tightly connected to the battery mounting shell 1, and the high thermal conductivity of the coupling heat pipe 3 is used to transfer heat to the connection between the bottom end of the coupling heat pipe 3 and the liquid cooling pipe 4.

[0038] The liquid cooling pipe 4 is arranged below the outside of the battery mounting shell 1 and is tightly connected to the battery mounting shell 1. The liquid cooling pipe 4 is composed of a plurality of medium storage units 9 and a bypass channel 8. The bypass channel 8 is arranged between two adjacent medium storage units 9. The medium storage unit 9 is a hollow structure used for storing and flowing the medium. A plurality of medium storage units 9 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the battery mounting shell 1. The medium storage unit 9 is in a square shape. A plurality of bypass channels 8 are arranged in parallel between two adjacent medium storage units 9. A set distance is set between two adjacent bypass channels 8. The medium storage unit 9 and the bypass channel 8 are filled with cooling medium, and the working medium preferably has a mass fraction of 50% ethylene glycol solution.

[0039] The liquid cooling pipe 4 is installed on the outside of the battery mounting shell 1, which can reduce the risk of pipe rupture and liquid corrosion to the battery. The structural feature of the liquid cooling pipe 4 is that the area of ​​the liquid cooling pipe 4 is the same as the area of ​​the coupling heat pipe 3 in the part that contacts the coupling heat pipe 3, maximizing the contact area and thus improving the heat exchange efficiency. The battery cell corresponds to two coupling heat pipes 3, and the liquid cooling pipe 4 corresponds to two parallel flow channels in the working fluid flow direction to reduce the flow pressure drop of the working fluid in the pipe; the cooling structure mounting cover 6 is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which fixes and protects the coupling heat pipe 3; the cooling structure mounting bottom shell 7 is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which protects and fixes the coupling heat pipe 3 and the liquid cooling pipe 4.

[0040] The present invention also provides a new energy vehicle battery, including the above-mentioned battery heat dissipation device based on liquid cooling structure and coupled heat pipes; a battery pack 5 is installed in the battery mounting shell of the heat dissipation device, and the battery pack 5 is composed of a plurality of battery cells. Adjacent battery cells are spaced apart by the insulation plate 2, and the number of the battery cells is the same as the number of the coupled heat pipes 3 arranged on a single side of the battery mounting shell 1, and the total number of the coupled heat pipes 3 is twice the number of the battery cells.

[0041] A heat insulation board 2 is installed between two adjacent battery cells. The heat insulation board 2 is made of aerogel and is used to isolate heat transfer between the battery cells. The number of the heat insulation boards 2 is one less than the number of the battery cells.

[0042] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe, characterized in that: include: Battery mounting housing, heat shield, coupled heat pipe, liquid cooling pipe, cooling structure mounting cover, cooling structure mounting bottom shell; The battery mounting shell is provided with a heat insulation plate; the liquid cooling pipe is provided at the lower end of the outside of the battery mounting shell, and the liquid cooling pipe is tightly connected to the battery mounting shell; a plurality of coupling heat pipes are evenly provided on both sides of the battery mounting shell, and the lower part of the coupling heat pipe is tightly fitted with the liquid cooling pipe for heat exchange; a cooling structure mounting bottom shell is provided below the liquid cooling pipe for fixing and protecting the liquid cooling pipe; a cooling structure mounting cover is provided on the side of the coupling heat pipe away from the battery mounting shell for fixing and protecting the coupling heat pipe; The liquid cooling pipeline is composed of a working fluid inlet module, a working fluid outlet module, a bypass channel and a plurality of medium storage units. Two adjacent medium storage units are connected via the bypass channel. The working fluid inlet module and the working fluid outlet module are respectively arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling pipeline and are connected to the medium storage units via the bypass channel.

2. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery installation shell is an open rectangular box structure and is made of aluminum or other metal materials.

3. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation board is made of aerogel.

4. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the coupling heat pipes disposed on each side of the battery mounting housing is one more than the number of the heat insulation plates.

5. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The coupled heat pipe is an L-shaped pipe with a square cross-section. The vertical section of the coupled heat pipe fits tightly against the battery mounting shell, and the horizontal section of the coupled heat pipe is arranged below the liquid cooling pipe and located on the upper part of the cooling structure mounting bottom shell.

6. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The shell material of the coupling heat pipe is copper, and there is a wick structure inside, and the wick structure is filled with heat exchange medium.

7. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the medium storage units are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the battery mounting shell. The medium storage units are in a U-shaped structure. A plurality of shunt channels are arranged in parallel between two adjacent medium storage units. A set distance is arranged between two adjacent shunt channels.

8. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The medium storage unit and the branch channel are filled with cooling medium.

9. A battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling structure installation cover is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which plays a role in fixing and protecting the coupled heat pipes; the cooling structure installation bottom shell is made of aluminum or other metal materials, which plays a role in protecting and fixing the coupled heat pipes and liquid cooling pipelines.

10. A new energy vehicle battery, characterized in that: It includes a battery heat dissipation device based on a liquid cooling structure and a coupled heat pipe as described in claim 1; a battery pack is installed in the battery mounting shell of the heat dissipation device, the battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells, adjacent battery cells are spaced apart by the thermal insulation board, and the number of the battery cells is the same as the number of the coupled heat pipes arranged on a single side of the battery mounting shell.

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