Bidirectional radiating antenna device, wireless communication system, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and an electronic device, wherein the antenna device comprises a first metal layer, a second metal layer, a third metal layer, at least two first conductive structures and a first feeding circuit, the first metal layer is connected to the third metal layer to realize grounding. The first feeding circuit is coupled to the second metal layer and is used to provide in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structures and the first metal layer. The first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the third metal layer enclose an electromagnetic wave opening between the part opposite to the first metal layer along the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device, so that the electromagnetic wave is radiated on both sides of the opening along a second direction. In the application, the electromagnetic wave can be constrained between the first metal layer, the third metal layer and the two first conductive structures, so that the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted on both sides of the opening along the second direction, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation, expanding the electromagnetic wave coverage range and improving the radiation performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the millimeter wave antenna applied in electronic products such as mobile phones can only realize unidirectional radiation, and the coverage range is small. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a bidirectional radiation antenna device, a wireless communication system and an electronic device to realize bidirectional radiation of the millimeter wave antenna and improve the coverage capability.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a bidirectional radiation antenna device, which comprises:

[0005] The first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are arranged at intervals, the first metal layer is electrically connected with the third metal layer, and is used for grounding;

[0006] The at least two first conductive structures are connected to the first metal layer at one end along a first direction, and are connected to the second metal layer at the other end along the first direction, and the first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the third metal layer are enclosed between the parts opposite to the first metal layer along the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device to form an electromagnetic wave opening, the opening penetrates along a second direction, so that the electromagnetic wave is radiated on both sides of the opening along the second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device;

[0007] The first feeding circuit is coupled to the second metal layer, and is used for providing in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structure and the first metal layer.

[0008] The first metal layer, the second metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer, the first conductive structure and the first feeding circuit constitute a first polarized antenna unit.

[0009] In the present application, the first metal layer, the third metal layer and the two first conductive structures can constrain the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted on both sides of the opening along the second direction, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation, expanding the electromagnetic wave coverage range and improving the radiation performance.

[0010] In a possible design, the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are filled with a dielectric material, a first metallized via is arranged on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the first metallized via is the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are coupled and connected through the first metallized via. Through the first metallized via, the reliability of the coupling and connection of the first metal layer and the second metal layer can be ensured, the space occupation can be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing are facilitated.

[0011] In a possible design, a second metallized via is arranged on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, and the first metal layer and the third metal layer are coupled and connected through the second metallized via. Through the second metallized via, the reliability of the electrical connection of the first metal layer and the third metal layer can be ensured, the effective grounding is ensured, the space occupation can be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing are facilitated.

[0012] In a possible design, the first metal layer has an electrical length in the first direction of 1 / 4λ to 1 / 2λ, and λ is an operating wavelength, which is beneficial to the resonance of the first polarized antenna unit in a millimeter wave frequency band.

[0013] In a possible design, grooves are arranged at two ends of the third metal layer in the second direction; the bidirectional radiation antenna device further includes a fourth metal layer and a second feeding circuit, the fourth metal layer is coupled and connected with the second feeding circuit, two ends of the fourth metal layer are coupled and connected with the grooves at the two ends of the third metal layer respectively, and the fourth metal layer is configured to provide reverse excitation for the grooves at the two ends of the third metal layer; and the fourth metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer and the second feeding circuit constitute a second polarized antenna unit. The second feeding circuit can provide reverse excitation for the grooves at the two ends of the third metal layer through the fourth metal layer, which is beneficial to the horizontal polarization of the antenna unit, that is, the second polarized antenna unit can be configured as a horizontal polarized antenna unit. The grooves at the two ends of the third metal layer can radiate in the second direction, thereby realizing the bidirectional radiation of the second polarized antenna unit. That is, the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit can be constructed on the third metal layer, and the bidirectional radiation of the two polarized antenna units can be realized, thereby improving the coverage capability of the millimeter wave and expanding the bandwidth.

[0014] In a possible design, the second polarized antenna unit and the first polarized antenna unit are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and one first polarized antenna unit and one second polarized antenna unit adjacent to each other constitute a dual-polarized antenna.

[0015] In a possible design, the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit are each provided in a plurality, and the plurality of first polarized antenna units and the plurality of second polarized antenna units are distributed in the first direction.

[0016] In a possible design, the electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ, λ being the operating wavelength, so that good isolation between the two dual-polarized antennas can be ensured, the S parameter can be designed, and a large scanning range of the dual-polarized antenna can be ensured, and the radiation performance is improved.

[0017] In a possible design, the third metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the third metal layer. That is, the first metal layer, the fourth metal layer, the third metal layer, and the second metal layer are sequentially and spacedly arranged. The first conductive structure can be coupled to the second metal layer after passing through the third metal layer, and is insulated from the third metal layer. The first polarized antenna unit is formed between the first metal layer, the third metal layer, and the at least two first conductive structures, and the second polarized antenna unit is formed between the fourth metal layer and the third metal layer, and the second polarized antenna unit is integrated in the region between the first metal layer and the third metal layer of the first polarized antenna unit, so that the integration degree of the dual-polarized antenna is improved, the size of the antenna is reduced, and the occupation of the space in the electronic device is reduced.

[0018] In a possible design, the second metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, so that the first polarized antenna unit can be conveniently constructed, and the fourth metal layer can not be arranged between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, so that the interference of the fourth metal layer on the first polarized antenna unit can be reduced.

[0019] In a possible design, the fourth metal layer includes a connecting portion, a first feeding portion and a second feeding portion, the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting portion and are respectively located on two sides of the connecting portion along the first direction. In the thickness direction, at least part of the projection of the first feeding portion overlaps the projection of the slot at one end of the third metal layer, and at least part of the projection of the second feeding portion overlaps the projection of the slot at the other end of the third metal layer, so that the efficiency of feeding the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion to the corresponding slot can be improved, energy loss can be reduced, and the efficiency of radiating electromagnetic waves by the slot to the outside can be ensured. The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at one end of the third metal layer through the first feeding portion. The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at the other end of the third metal layer through the second feeding portion. The fourth metal layer forms an approximately "S" shape, and the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion extend in opposite directions, which facilitates providing reverse excitation for the slots at two ends of the third metal layer to realize horizontal polarization.

[0020] In a possible design, lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are greater than or equal to widths of the slots in the first direction. In this way, the efficiency of feeding the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion to the corresponding slot can be ensured, energy loss can be reduced, and the radiation efficiency can be improved.

[0021] In a possible design, electrical lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, where λ is the operating wavelength. In this way, the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion can provide a horizontal polarization planar monopole mode, and the bandwidth is expanded.

[0022] In a possible design, the slot includes a plurality of first slots and a plurality of second slots, at least two of the plurality of first slots are respectively arranged at two ends of the third metal layer along the second direction, one end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first slot at one end of the third metal layer, and the other end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first slot at the other end of the third metal layer. The first slot is arranged between two adjacent second slots distributed along the first direction. In this way, the coupling feeding of the first slot by the fourth metal layer can enable the second polarization antenna unit to work in a millimeter wave frequency band and ensure the radiation performance of the second polarization antenna unit in the millimeter wave frequency band. In addition, the first slot is arranged between two adjacent second slots distributed along the first direction, the second slot can improve the isolation of the adjacent first polarization antenna unit and the second polarization antenna unit, and can also provide a new resonance for horizontal polarization and expand the working mode of the antenna.

[0023] In a possible design, an electrical length of the slot in the second direction is 1 / 5 lambda to 1 / 2 lambda, where lambda is the operating wavelength, so as to facilitate adjustment of the position of the resonance, so that the resonance frequency is located in a required millimeter wave frequency band.

[0024] In a possible design, the third metal layer is integrally formed, i.e., the third metal layer can be an integral metal sheet, or a continuous metal layer etched on a dielectric plate, a part of the third metal layer can serve as a ground plane of the first polarized antenna unit, and another part of the third metal layer can serve as a ground plane of the second polarized antenna unit, i.e., the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit can share a ground plane, so that the overall volume of the antenna device can be reduced, and small-size design can be facilitated.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication system, which includes the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which includes the wireless communication system provided in the second aspect of the present application.

[0027] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application on an electronic device;

[0030] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A side view (hidden dielectric material) of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A radiation direction simulation effect diagram of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application when applied in an electronic device;

[0033] Figure 5 A partial sectional view of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A structure diagram of a first polarized antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0035] Figure 7 A structure diagram of a second polarized antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2.

[0036] FIG. 8(a) is a return loss curve of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 8(b) is a return loss curve of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 8(c) is an isolation curve of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 8(d) is another isolation curve of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 9(a) is a vertical polarization pattern of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a first frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0041] FIG. 9(b) is a horizontal polarization pattern of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a first frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0042] FIG. 9(c) is a vertical polarization pattern of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a second frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0043] FIG. 9(d) is a horizontal polarization pattern of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application at a second frequency in an electronic device environment;

[0044] Figure 10 A structure diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 10 from a viewing angle;

[0045] Figure 11 A structure diagram of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 11 from another viewing angle;

[0046] Figure 12 A side view (hidden dielectric material) of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 12;

[0047] Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional view of a bidirectional radiating antenna device provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 13.

[0048] Reference signs:

[0049] 01 - bidirectional radiating antenna device;

[0050] 02 - electronic device;

[0051] 100 - dual-polarized antenna;

[0052] 110 - first polarized antenna unit;

[0053] 120 - second polarized antenna unit;

[0054] 1 - first metal layer;

[0055] 2 - second metal layer;

[0056] 3 - third metal layer;

[0057] 31 - slot;

[0058] 31a - first slot;

[0059] 31b - second slot;

[0060] 4 - first conductive structure;

[0061] 5 - first feeding circuit;

[0062] 6 - second conductive structure;

[0063] 7 - fourth metal layer;

[0064] 71 - first feeding part;

[0065] 72 - second feeding part;

[0066] 73 - connecting part;

[0067] 8 - second feeding circuit;

[0068] 9 - dielectric material;

[0069] 10 - opening;

[0070] X - first direction;

[0071] Y - second direction;

[0072] Z - thickness direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0074] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0075] The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the description of the application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0076] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein only means an association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A existing alone, A and B existing together, and B existing alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0077] In the description of the application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" means two or more; the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected, or coupled connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit can include a transceiver and a radio frequency front end circuit (RF front end). In some cases, "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), which can be considered to include radio frequency front-end chip and transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (for example, radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (for example, digital signals). Usually, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0079] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "coupling connection", which is understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity circuit of copper foil or wire of printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through space / non-contact. In an embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, through the coupling between the gap between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor to realize signal transmission.

[0080] Ground: refers to coupling with the above-mentioned ground / floor through a grounding structure and / or a grounding circuit. In an embodiment, the ground can be a physical ground, such as a physical ground at a specific position on the bezel through a partial structural member of the middle frame (or referred to as a physical ground). In an embodiment, the ground can be a device ground, such as a device ground through capacitors / inductors / resistors and the like in series or in parallel (or referred to as a device ground).

[0081] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of a resonance frequency or a center frequency of an operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonance frequency: 1920-1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, the operating wavelength can be a wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Without being limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to a wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of a resonance frequency or an operating frequency band.

[0082] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3 x 108m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to a medium wavelength, which can be a medium wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of a resonance frequency or a center frequency of an operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonance frequency: 1920-1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, the wavelength can be a medium wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Without being limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to a medium wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of a resonance frequency or an operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative permittivity of the medium filled on one side or multiple sides of the radiator.

[0083] Resonant frequency: Resonant frequency is also called resonance frequency. Resonant frequency can have a frequency range, i.e. a frequency range in which resonance occurs. Resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6 dB. The strongest point of resonance can be called a resonance point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20 dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces "first / second… resonance", wherein the first resonance is the fundamental mode resonance produced by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the resonance with the lowest frequency produced by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can produce one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to the production of a fundamental mode resonance.

[0084] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the antenna port transmission power through the antenna circuit. The smaller the signal reflected back, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the signal reflected back, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0085] Antenna return loss can be represented by S11 parameter, and S11 belongs to one of S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can represent the advantages and disadvantages of antenna transmission efficiency.

[0086] In one embodiment, the S11 graph can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance produced by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 graph in the part less than -6 dB can be understood as the resonance frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band produced by the antenna. S11 parameter is usually negative, and the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that the actual energy entering the antenna is more, and the system efficiency of the antenna is higher; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0087] It should be noted that the S11 value of -4 dB can be used as a standard, and when the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4 dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally. It should be understood that in engineering, the S11 value of -6 dB can also be used as a standard, and when the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6 dB, it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0088] Isolation: refers to the ratio of the signal received by another antenna to the signal transmitted by the antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of antenna coupling. Assuming that two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is S21, S12 between the antennas. The antenna isolation can be represented by S21, S12 parameters, which also belong to S parameters. S21, S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. The smaller the S21, S12 parameter, the greater the isolation between the antennas, and the smaller the antenna coupling; the larger the S21, S12 parameter, the smaller the isolation between the antennas, and the greater the antenna coupling. The isolation of the antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance of the antenna, the antenna gain, etc.

[0089] At present, the millimeter wave antenna applied in electronic products such as mobile phones can only realize one-way radiation, for example, only beam scanning is performed on the screen side of the mobile phone, and beam scanning cannot be performed on the side of the mobile phone away from the screen, resulting in a small radiation coverage range.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application provides a bidirectional radiation antenna device, which can be applied to a high-frequency wireless communication system, for example, a 5G millimeter wave system, an IEEE 802.11.ad (60GHz WiGig) system, an IEEE 802.11.aj (45GHz Q-Link-Pan) system, etc. The high-frequency wireless communication system can be applied to an electronic device, which can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, smart home, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. The embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the installation position of the bidirectional radiation antenna device 01 provided by the embodiment of the present application on the electronic device 02 is shown in FIG. 1, Figure 1 The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown in FIG. 1, and the electronic device 02 is a mobile phone. The bidirectional radiation antenna device 01 can be installed on the non-display area of the top of the mobile phone. Of course, in some embodiments, the bidirectional radiation antenna device 01 can also be installed at other positions of the electronic device 02, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0091] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2, and the structure schematic diagram of the bidirectional radiation antenna device is shown in FIG. 2, Figure 2The bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2 and a third metal layer 3 which are arranged at intervals, the first metal layer 1 is electrically connected with the third metal layer 3 and is used for grounding. The first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3 can be metal layers on a printed circuit board (PCB), that is, the corresponding metal layers for realizing different functions can be directly formed during the processing of the printed circuit board PCB. The printed circuit board PCB can adopt a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric plate, can also adopt a Rogers dielectric plate, or can adopt a mixed dielectric plate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame-retardant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric plate is a high-frequency plate. The metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any one dielectric plate in the PCB. Exemplarily, the metal layer can be but is not limited to a copper layer.

[0092] Figure 3 The side view (hidden dielectric material 9) of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 3 The bidirectional radiation antenna device further comprises at least two first conductive structures 4 which can be metalized vias opened in the PCB dielectric plate or transmission lines, etc. One end of the at least two first conductive structures 4 is connected to the first metal layer 1 along the first direction X, and the other end of the at least two first conductive structures 4 is connected to the second metal layer 2 along the first direction X, and the first metal layer 1, the at least two first conductive structures 4 and the part of the third metal layer 3 opposite to the first metal layer 1 along the thickness direction Z of the bidirectional radiation antenna device enclose an opening 10 (see Figure 3 ) for transmitting electromagnetic waves along the first direction X. The opening 10 penetrates along the second direction Y, so that the electromagnetic waves are radiated on both sides of the opening 10 along the second direction Y. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and the thickness direction Z of the bidirectional radiation antenna device. The first metal layer 1, the third metal layer 3 and the two first conductive structures 4 can constrain the electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted on both sides of the opening 10 along the second direction Y, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation. Exemplarily, Figure 4 The radiation direction simulation effect diagram of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application when applied in an electronic device is shown in Figure 4 Taking the case that the antenna device is applied in a mobile phone, the screen and the back cover of the mobile phone are distributed along the Y direction shown in Figure 4 , that is, the second direction Y of the above-mentioned antenna device. Therefore, the antenna device can realize electromagnetic radiation on the screen side and the side away from the screen of the mobile phone, thereby expanding the electromagnetic wave coverage range and improving the radiation performance.

[0093] The side view (hidden dielectric material 9) of the bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 3The antenna device further comprises a first feeding circuit 5, and the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2, at least part of the third metal layer 3, the first conductive structure 4 and the first feeding circuit 5 constitute a first polarized antenna unit 110. The first feeding circuit 5 is coupled to the second metal layer 2, and is configured to provide in-phase excitation for the second metal layer 2, the first conductive structure 4 and the first metal layer 1, so as to construct a vertical polarized antenna unit, i.e., the first polarized antenna unit 110 is a vertical polarized antenna unit.

[0094] In an embodiment, Figure 5 A partial sectional view of the radiation antenna device is provided for an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 5 The first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3 are filled with a dielectric material 9, and a first metalized via is arranged on the dielectric material 9 between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, the first metalized via is the aforementioned first conductive structure 4, and the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2 are coupled by the first metalized via, which can be a direct electrical connection. As described above, the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3 can be directly formed during the PCB forming process, for example, etching metal on a dielectric plate, and the material of the dielectric plate between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2 is the dielectric material 9. The first metalized via can be formed on the dielectric material 9, which can ensure the reliability of the coupling connection between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, and can also reduce the occupation of space, and is also convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0095] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 5 The first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 can be connected by a second conductive structure 6, and the second metalized via is arranged on the dielectric material 9 between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3, i.e., the second conductive structure 6, and the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 are coupled by the second metalized via. As described above, by forming the second metalized via, the reliability of the electrical connection between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 can be ensured, thereby ensuring effective grounding, and the occupation of space can also be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing are also convenient. In addition, the second conductive structure 6 can also be a transmission line or the like.

[0096] In an embodiment, Figure 6 A structure diagram of the first polarized antenna unit 110 is provided for an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 6 The electrical length H1 of the first metal layer 1 along the first direction X is between 1 / 4λ and 1 / 2λ, and λ is the working wavelength, which is conducive to the resonance of the first polarized antenna unit 110 in the millimeter wave frequency band. The specific value of the electrical length H1 of the first metal layer 1 along the first direction X can be set according to the working frequency band.

[0097] In an embodiment, Figure 7 A structure diagram of the second polarized antenna unit 120 provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, Figure 7 The third metal layer 3 is provided with slots 31 at both ends in the second direction Y. As shown in FIG. 2, Figure 3 The bidirectional radiation antenna device further comprises a fourth metal layer 7 and a second feeding circuit 8. The fourth metal layer 7 is coupled to the second feeding circuit 8. The fourth metal layer 7 is arranged apart from the third metal layer 3. The fourth metal layer 7 is coupled to the slots 31 at both ends of the third metal layer 3, respectively, to provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at both ends of the third metal layer 3. The fourth metal layer 7, at least part of the third metal layer 3, and the second feeding circuit 8 constitute the second polarized antenna unit 120. The second feeding circuit 8 can provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at both ends of the third metal layer 3 through the fourth metal layer 7, which is conducive to realizing horizontal polarization of the antenna unit, i.e., the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be configured as a horizontally polarized antenna unit. The slots 31 distributed at both ends of the third metal layer 3 can radiate in the second direction Y, thereby realizing bidirectional radiation of the second polarized antenna unit 120. That is, the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be constructed on the third metal layer 3, and bidirectional radiation of the two polarized antenna units can be realized, thereby improving the coverage capability of the millimeter wave and expanding the bandwidth.

[0098] In an embodiment, the third metal layer 3 is of an integral structure, i.e., the third metal layer 3 can be an integral metal sheet or a continuous metal layer etched on a dielectric plate. Part of the third metal layer 3 can serve as a ground plate of the first polarized antenna unit 110, and another part can serve as a ground plate of the second polarized antenna unit 120, i.e., the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can share a ground plate, thereby reducing the overall volume of the antenna device and facilitating miniaturization design.

[0099] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, Figure 2 The second polarized antenna unit 120 and the first polarized antenna unit 110 are arranged apart in the first direction X. An adjacent first polarized antenna unit 110 and a second polarized antenna unit 120 constitute a dual-polarized antenna 100. The dual-polarized antenna 100 constituted by the first polarized antenna unit 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be one or multiple. When there are multiple dual-polarized antennas 100, the multiple dual-polarized antennas 100 can be arranged in an array, e.g., a rectangular array.

[0100] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, Figure 2, the first polarization antenna unit 110 and the second polarization antenna unit 120 are both provided in plurality, and the plurality of first polarization antenna units 110 and the plurality of second polarization antenna units 120 are arranged alternately in the first direction X. Among them, only one second polarization antenna unit 120 is arranged between two adjacent first polarization antenna units 110, and only one first polarization antenna unit 110 is arranged between two adjacent second polarization antenna units 120, thereby forming an alternate arrangement. For example, referring to Figure 2 The dual-polarized antenna 100 composed of the first polarization antenna unit 110 and the second polarization antenna unit 120 can have four, and is arranged in an array in the first direction X. That is, the four dual-polarized antennas 100 form a 1x4 array. In other embodiments, the dual-polarized antenna 100 can also be provided in other quantities and form different array distributions, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0101] In an embodiment, taking the 1x4 dual-polarized antenna 100 array shown in Figure 2 The first polarization antenna unit 110 in the antenna device is a vertical polarization antenna unit, and the second polarization antenna unit 120 is a horizontal polarization antenna unit. The antenna device includes port 1, port 2, port 3, port 4, port 5, port 6, port 7 and port 8, a total of 8 ports. Among them, port 1, port 3, port 4 and port 5 are vertical polarization ports, and port 2, port 4, port 5 and port 6 are horizontal polarization ports.

[0102] Fig. 8(a) is a return loss curve of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in Fig. 8(a) is the S11 curve, representing the reflection coefficient at port 1, and the dashed line is the S55 curve, representing the reflection coefficient at port 5. As can be seen from Fig. 8(a), the antenna device covers the n257 frequency band (26.5GHz-29.5GHz) and the n260 frequency band (37.0GHz-40.0GHz) in the 5G frequency band in the vertical polarization bandwidth.

[0103] Fig. 8(b) is a return loss curve of a bidirectional radiation antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The solid line in Fig. 8(b) is the S22 curve, representing the reflection coefficient at port 2, and the dashed line is the S66 curve, representing the reflection coefficient at port 6. As can be seen from Fig. 8(b), the antenna device covers the n257 frequency band (26.5GHz-29.5GHz) and the n260 frequency band (37.0GHz-40.0GHz) in the 5G frequency band in the horizontal polarization bandwidth.

[0104] As can be seen from Fig. 8(a) and Fig. 8(b), Figure 2 The antenna device shown in

[0105] Fig. 8(c) is a curve diagram of isolation degree of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the solid line in Fig. 8(c) is an S21 curve, representing the coupling degree between port 2 and port 1, and the dotted line is an S42 curve, representing the coupling degree between port 4 and port 2. Fig. 8(d) is another curve diagram of isolation degree of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the solid line in Fig. 8(d) is an S35 curve, representing the coupling degree between port 3 and port 5, and the dotted line is an S56 curve, representing the coupling degree between port 5 and port 6. Referring to Fig. 8(c) and Fig. 8(d) simultaneously, the coupling degree between each antenna port is lower than -15dB, that is, the isolation degree is large, which meets the requirement of the antenna array.

[0106] Fig. 9(a) is a directional diagram of vertical polarization at a first frequency in an electronic device environment of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 9(b) is a directional diagram of horizontal polarization at the first frequency in the electronic device environment of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The first frequency is 28GHz, and Fig. 9(a) and Fig. 9(b) are both directional diagrams in the YOZ plane of the coordinate system shown. Figure 4

[0107] Fig. 9(c) is a directional diagram of vertical polarization at a second frequency in an electronic device environment of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 9(d) is a directional diagram of horizontal polarization at the second frequency in the electronic device environment of the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The second frequency is 39GHz, and Fig. 9(c) and Fig. 9(d) are both directional diagrams in the YOZ plane of the coordinate system shown. Figure 4

[0108] Referring to Fig. 9(a)-(d) simultaneously, the bidirectional radiating antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve good bidirectional radiation coverage.

[0109] In an embodiment, the electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas 100 needs to meet certain requirements. If the electrical length between two dual-polarized antennas 100 is too small, for example, less than 1 / 3λ, λ being the working wavelength, the S parameter design and isolation degree of each dual-polarized antenna 100 will be affected. If the electrical length between two dual-polarized antennas 100 is too large, for example, greater than 2 / 3λ, the scanning range of the antenna will be small and the coverage ability will be weakened. Therefore, in an embodiment, the electrical length H4 between two dual-polarized antennas 100 is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ, so as to ensure that the two dual-polarized antennas 100 have good isolation degree, which is also conducive to the design of S parameters, and can ensure that the dual-polarized antenna 100 has a large scanning range and improves the radiation performance.

[0110] In an embodiment, the electrical length H4 between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas 100 is between 1 / 3λ and 2 / 3λ. Figure 10 ​​Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a radiation antenna device according to another embodiment of the present application, viewed from one perspective, Figure 11 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a radiation antenna device according to another embodiment of the present application, viewed from another perspective, Figure 12 Fig. 4 is a side view of a radiation antenna device according to another embodiment of the present application (the dielectric material 9 is hidden), Figure 13 Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of a radiation antenna device according to another embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 13 , the third metal layer 3 is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 2, and the fourth metal layer 7 is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3. That is, the first metal layer 1, the fourth metal layer 7, the third metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 2 are arranged in sequence with a spacing. The first conductive structure 4 can be coupled to the second metal layer 2 after passing through the third metal layer 3, and is insulated from the third metal layer 3. The first metal layer 1, the third metal layer 3 and the at least two first conductive structures 4 form the first polarized antenna unit 110, and the fourth metal layer 7 and the third metal layer 3 form the second polarized antenna unit 120. The second polarized antenna unit 120 is integrated in the region between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3 of the first polarized antenna unit 110, thereby improving the integration of the dual-polarized antenna 100, reducing the antenna size, and facilitating the reduction of the space occupied in the electronic device.

[0111] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the second metal layer 2 is arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3, thereby facilitating the construction of the first polarized antenna unit 110. The fourth metal layer 7 can not be arranged between the first metal layer 1 and the third metal layer 3, thereby reducing the interference of the fourth metal layer 7 on the first polarized antenna unit 110. In one embodiment, the second metal layer 2 can also be arranged on the side of the third metal layer 3 away from the first metal layer 1, and the first polarized antenna unit 110 can also be constructed.

[0112] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7The fourth metal layer 7 includes a connecting portion 73, a first feeding portion 71 and a second feeding portion 72. The first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting portion 73 and are respectively located on two sides of the connecting portion 73 along the first direction X. The second feeding circuit 8 feeds the slot 31 at one end of the third metal layer 3 through the first feeding portion 71. The second feeding circuit 8 feeds the slot 31 at the other end of the third metal layer 3 through the second feeding portion 72. The fourth metal layer 7 forms an approximate "S" shape, and the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 extend in opposite directions, which is conducive to providing reverse excitation for the slots 31 at two ends of the third metal layer 3 to realize horizontal polarization. In an embodiment, the connecting portion 73 can be connected to a feed source at a middle position thereof, and the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 are centrally symmetric with respect to the feed source, so as to provide reverse excitation for the slots 31 at two ends of the third metal layer 3. In addition, the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 do not contact the corresponding slots 31, and feed in an indirect coupling manner. In the thickness direction Z, at least part of the projection of the first feeding portion 71 overlaps the projection of the slot 31 at one end of the third metal layer 3, and at least part of the projection of the second feeding portion 72 overlaps the projection of the slot 31 at the other end of the third metal layer 3, so as to improve the efficiency of the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 in feeding the corresponding slots 31, reduce energy loss, and facilitate ensuring the efficiency of the slots 31 in radiating electromagnetic waves outward.

[0113] In an embodiment, the lengths of the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 in the first direction X are greater than or equal to the widths of the slots 31 in the first direction X. In this way, the efficiency of the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 in feeding the corresponding slots 31 can be ensured, energy loss can be reduced, and radiation efficiency can be improved. In addition, it is also conducive to constructing a new antenna mode through the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72. Exemplarily, the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 can provide a horizontally polarized planar monopole mode.

[0114] In an embodiment, with reference to Figure 7 , the electrical lengths H2 of the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 in the first direction X are between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, and λ is the operating wavelength. In this way, the first feeding portion 71 and the second feeding portion 72 can provide a horizontally polarized planar monopole mode, and the bandwidth is expanded.

[0115] In an embodiment, with reference to Figure 7The slot 31 includes a plurality of first slots 31a and a plurality of second slots 31b, at least two of the plurality of first slots 31a are respectively arranged at two ends of the third metal layer 3 along the second direction Y, one end of the fourth metal layer 7 is coupled and connected with the first slot 31a at one end of the third metal layer 3, and the other end of the fourth metal layer 7 is coupled and connected with the first slot 31a at the other end of the third metal layer 3. Wherein, through the coupling feeding of the fourth metal layer 7 to the first slot 31a, the second polarized antenna unit 120 can work in the millimeter wave frequency band, and the radiation performance of the second polarized antenna unit 120 in the millimeter wave frequency band is ensured. In addition, the first slot 31a is arranged between the adjacent two second slots 31b distributed along the first direction X, and the isolation degree of the adjacent two first polarized antenna units 110 and the second polarized antenna unit 120 can be improved through the second slot 31b, and meanwhile, a new resonance for horizontal polarization can be provided, and the working mode of the antenna is expanded.

[0116] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 7 The electrical length H3 of the slot 31 along the second direction Y is 1 / 5λ-1 / 2λ, and λ is the working wavelength, so that the position of resonance is adjusted, and the resonance frequency is located in the required millimeter wave frequency band.

[0117] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual polarized antenna device, characterized by The application relates to a bidirectional radiation antenna device, which comprises: a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer arranged at intervals, wherein the first metal layer is electrically connected with the third metal layer and used for grounding; at least two first conductive structures, one end of the at least two first conductive structures being connected to the first metal layer along a first direction, the other end of the at least two first conductive structures being connected to the second metal layer along the first direction, the first metal layer, the at least two first conductive structures and the third metal layer being surrounded by an electromagnetic wave opening along the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device and opposite to the first metal layer, the opening being penetrated along a second direction, so that the electromagnetic wave is radiated on both sides of the opening along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the bidirectional radiation antenna device; a first feeding circuit, which is coupled to the second metal layer and used for providing in-phase excitation for the second metal layer, the first conductive structures and the first metal layer; the first metal layer, the second metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer, the first conductive structures and the first feeding circuit constitute a first polarized antenna unit.

2. The dual polarized antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are filled with a dielectric material, a first metallized via is arranged on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the first metallized via is the first conductive structure, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are coupled through the first metallized via.

3. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 2, wherein, A second metallized via is arranged on the dielectric material between the first metal layer and the third metal layer, and the first metal layer and the third metal layer are coupled through the second metallized via.

4. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The electrical length of the first metal layer along the first direction is between 1 / 4 lambda and 1 / 2 lambda, and lambda is the working wavelength.

5. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized in that, Grooves are arranged at both ends of the third metal layer along the second direction; The bidirectional radiation antenna device further comprises a fourth metal layer and a second feeding circuit, the fourth metal layer is coupled to the second feeding circuit, two ends of the fourth metal layer are coupled to the grooves at both ends of the third metal layer respectively, and the fourth metal layer is used for providing reverse excitation for the grooves at both ends of the third metal layer; the fourth metal layer, at least part of the third metal layer and the second feeding circuit constitute a second polarized antenna unit.

6. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 5, wherein, The second polarized antenna unit and the first polarized antenna unit are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and one first polarized antenna unit and one second polarized antenna unit constitute a dual-polarized antenna.

7. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 6, wherein, Both the first polarized antenna unit and the second polarized antenna unit are provided with a plurality of units, and the plurality of first polarized antenna units and the plurality of second polarized antenna units are distributed at intervals along the first direction.

8. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 7, wherein, The electrical length between two adjacent dual-polarized antennas is between 1 / 3 lambda and 2 / 3 lambda, and lambda is the working wavelength.

9. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 5, wherein, The third metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the third metal layer.

10. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized by The second metal layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the third metal layer.

11. The dual polarized antenna device of claim 5, wherein, The fourth metal layer comprises a connecting portion, a first feeding portion and a second feeding portion, the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting portion and are respectively located on two sides of the connecting portion along the first direction; Along the thickness direction, at least part of the projection of the first feeding portion coincides with the projection of the slot at one end of the third metal layer, and at least part of the projection of the second feeding portion coincides with the projection of the slot at the other end of the third metal layer; The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at one end of the third metal layer through the first feeding portion; The second feeding circuit feeds the slot at the other end of the third metal layer through the second feeding portion.

12. The dual polarized radiating antenna device of claim 11, wherein, The lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are both greater than or equal to the width of the slot in the first direction.

13. The dual polarized radiating antenna device of claim 12, wherein, The electrical lengths of the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion in the first direction are between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 3λ, λ being the operating wavelength.

14. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of claims 5-9, 11-13, characterized by The slot comprises a plurality of first slots and a plurality of second slots, at least two of the plurality of first slots are respectively disposed at two ends of the third metal layer along the second direction, one end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first slot at one end of the third metal layer, and the other end of the fourth metal layer is coupled to the first slot at the other end of the third metal layer. The first slot is disposed between two adjacent second slots distributed along the first direction.

15. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of claims 5-9, 11-14, characterized by The electrical length of the slot in the second direction is between 1 / 5λ and 1 / 2λ, λ being the operating wavelength.

16. The dual polarized antenna device according to any of the claims 1-15, characterized by The third metal layer is integrally formed.

17. A wireless communication system, characterized by The bidirectional radiation antenna device of any one of claims 1-16.

18. An electronic device, comprising: The wireless communication system of claim 17.

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