Ecological breeding system and method for Chinese wolfberry crabs

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological breeding system and method for Chinese wolfberry crabs. The system comprises a breeding greenhouse, a diversion configuration chamber and a rice field. A plurality of breeding frames are arranged in the breeding greenhouse, a plurality of layers of breeding cages are arranged on each breeding frame, a feeding groove is correspondingly formed in the rear side of each layer of breeding cage, a plurality of feeding mechanisms used for supplying feed to the breeding cages are arranged at the bottom of each feeding groove, a plurality of feed stirring tanks are arranged at the top of each breeding frame, and a belt weighing conveyor is arranged below each feed stirring tank. A mixing bin capable of moving in a lifting mode is arranged at the discharging end of the belt weighing conveyor, and an auger conveyor used for feeding materials to the feeding grooves is arranged at the bottom of the mixing bin. A water collecting tank is arranged below each breeding frame; the breeding method comprises the steps that the crabs in the rice field are fed with the first-stage compound feed, the second-stage compound feed and the third-stage compound feed for five months, then the crabs in the greenhouse are fed with the fourth-stage compound feed until the crabs are slaughtered, the bred crabs are good in quality, breeding wastewater can be recycled, purified and utilized, and the environment cannot be polluted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crab ecological breeding, and in particular to a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and method. Background Art

[0002] The "rice-crab symbiosis" farming model is an innovative agricultural production method that organically combines rice planting with crab farming, realizing a virtuous green ecological cycle of "one water for two uses, one land for two harvests". This model not only improves land utilization and increases the diversity of agricultural products, but also reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, effectively protecting water sources and the ecological environment.

[0003] Natural bait in rice fields is limited, so artificial feeding is required. If the bait supply is insufficient or unreasonable, it will affect the growth and quality of crabs. At present, the feed for rice field crabs mainly includes the following categories: Animal feed: including small fish in sea and freshwater, various animal carcasses, snails, clams, livestock and poultry blood, fish meal, silkworm pupae, etc. Plant feed: such as aquatic plants, duckweed, water peanuts, bitter grass, verticillaster, etc. Commercial feed: including sweet potatoes, potatoes, cereals, bran, bran, etc. Rough feed: such as corn, soybeans, soybean meal, etc. When feeding, the principle of reasonable combination of "fine, green, and coarse" should be followed, that is, animal concentrate accounts for 40%, aquatic plants account for 35%, and other plant feed accounts for 25%. In addition, the feeding method should adhere to the principle of "timing, fixed point, quantitative, and qualitative" to ensure the healthy growth of river crabs.

[0004] However, during the current breeding of rice field crabs in northern rice fields, due to the large temperature difference between day and night and unstable temperature in the northern climate, it is not conducive to the growth of crabs when the temperature is low, resulting in less crab activity, a significant reduction in food intake, and slow growth of crabs. In addition, the existing crab breeding feed is greatly affected by the ecological environment, and the food distribution balance of crabs is poor, resulting in crabs not being able to obtain enough nutritious food in the rice fields. In addition, the water quality in the breeding process cannot be replaced in time, affecting the growth quality of crabs, and the discharged wastewater will cause pollution to the ecological environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and method, which solves the problems that traditional northern crab breeding is greatly affected by the breeding environment and has slow development, uneven distribution of nutrients in the feed eaten, and wastewater generated during the breeding process is easy to pollute the environment.

[0006] The invention provides an ecological breeding system for wolfberry crabs, comprising a breeding greenhouse, a diversion configuration room, and a rice field; a plurality of breeding racks are arranged in the breeding greenhouse, a multi-layer breeding cage is arranged on each breeding rack, a feeding trough is arranged correspondingly on the rear side of each layer of breeding cage, a plurality of feeding mechanisms for feeding to the breeding cage are arranged at the bottom of each feeding trough, a plurality of feed mixing tanks are arranged on the top of the breeding rack, a belt weighing conveyor is arranged under each feed mixing tank, a mixing bin that can be lifted and moved is arranged at the discharge end of the belt weighing conveyor, and an auger conveyor for feeding to each feeding trough is arranged at the bottom of the mixing bin; a water storage tank is arranged in the diversion configuration room; a fence is arranged around the rice field, a ring ditch is arranged around the fence, and a horizontal and vertical cross conveyor is installed in the rice field A staggered grid pipe network; the grid pipe network is connected to the water reservoir through a first water pipe; the water reservoir is connected to the ring ditch of the rice field through a second water pipe; a water collecting tank is arranged under each breeding rack, and the water collecting tank is connected to the water reservoir through a third water pipe; an insulation shell is arranged outside the multi-layer breeding cage; a constant temperature humidifier is arranged on the breeding rack, the constant temperature humidifier is connected to the air inlet of the insulation shell through a first air pipe, and the exhaust port of the insulation shell is connected to the constant temperature humidifier through a second air pipe; a fourth water pipe is arranged on one side of each breeding cage, each layer of breeding cages is connected to the fourth water pipe through a fifth water pipe, and the fourth water pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, and an overflow main pipe is arranged on one side of each breeding cage, and the overflow main pipe is connected to each layer of breeding cages through an overflow branch pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the breeding rack includes a base and a mounting plate vertically arranged on the base, a plurality of layers of breeding cages are arranged on the front side wall of the mounting plate, the bottom of the rear end of each layer of breeding cages is hingedly connected to the mounting plate by a plurality of hinges, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on one side of each layer of breeding cages, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to a first hinge seat arranged on the side wall of the mounting plate, and the other end is hingedly connected to a second hinge seat correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the breeding cage, each layer of breeding cages includes a plurality of unit cages, the bottom plate of each unit cage is arranged as a sloped surface with a high front and a low rear, a feeding port is arranged on the top of each unit cage, a feeding hopper is arranged on the feeding port, a placement port is arranged in front of each unit cage, a grille door is arranged on the placement port, and the upper end of the grille door is hingedly connected to the top plate of the unit cage.

[0008] Furthermore, each feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe, a conveying shaft, and a spiral blade. The feeding pipe is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough. One end of the feeding pipe is connected to the discharge hole correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough, and the other end horizontally penetrates the mounting plate and extends to above the feeding hopper. The conveying shaft is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe, and the spiral blade is arranged on the conveying shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a positioning plate is arranged on the rear side of the feed trough, and the two ends of the positioning plate are fixedly connected to the feed trough through two fixing rods, and each conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft seat correspondingly arranged on the positioning plate. A gear is arranged on each conveying shaft, and two adjacent gears can mesh with each other for transmission. A first motor for driving one of the conveying shafts to rotate is arranged on the positioning plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the frame of the belt weighing conveyor is supported by a plurality of first weighing sensors arranged on the top of the upper feeding trough.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant temperature humidifier includes a water tank, a spray pipe, and an atomizing nozzle. The spray pipe 42 is arranged on the top side wall of the water tank, the atomizing nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the spray pipe, and a heater is arranged at the bottom of the water tank.

[0012] Furthermore, a vertical guide rail is arranged on the front side wall of the mounting plate, and a slider is arranged on the guide rail. A mounting frame is arranged on the slider, and a mixing bin is arranged on the mounting frame. The mixing bin is supported on the mounting frame through a plurality of second weighing sensors, and a spiral mixing mechanism is arranged in the mixing bin. A lead screw is arranged on one side of the guide rail, and the upper and lower ends of the lead screw are rotatably supported by two shaft supports fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A lead screw nut is arranged on the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the slider. A second motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for ecological breeding of wolfberry crabs, comprising the following steps: S1. Put the crab larvae into the rice field and feed them with the first stage compound feed for one month; in: The first stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of peeled corn, 20 parts of wolfberry, 18 parts of pumpkin, 18 parts of puffed corn, 20 parts of soybean dregs, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of brown sugar, 2 parts of allicin, 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of multivitamin calcium, 2 parts of dried fish oil, 3 parts of de-mold agent, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 12,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,500 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S2, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the second stage of compound feed for one month; in: The second stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 25 parts of fish bone meal, 25 parts of peeled corn, 25 parts of wolfberry, 20 parts of pumpkin, 20 parts of puffed corn, 25 parts of soybean dregs, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of brown sugar, 4 parts of salt, 4 parts of multivitamin calcium, 4 parts of dried fish oil, 6 parts of de-mold agent, 6 parts of glucose, 6 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 13,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,800 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S3, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the third stage of compound feed for three months; in, The third stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 30 parts of wolfberry, 25 parts of pumpkin, 25 parts of puffed corn, 30 parts of soybean dregs, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of brown sugar, 6 parts of salt, 6 parts of multivitamin calcium, 6 parts of dried fish oil, 8 parts of mold remover, 8 parts of glucose, 8 parts of starter; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S4, the crabs cultured in the rice fields are salvaged and transferred to the breeding greenhouse, and each crab is placed in a unit cage separately, and is continued to be fed with the fourth stage compound feed until it is ready for market; in, The fourth stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 35 parts of wolfberry, 30 parts of pumpkin, 30 parts of puffed corn, 35 parts of soybean dregs, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of brown sugar, 8 parts of salt, 8 parts of multivitamin calcium, 8 parts of dried fish oil, 10 parts of mold remover, 10 parts of glucose, and 10 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; In step S1, the density of stocking crab larvae in the rice field is 600-1000 per mu.

[0014] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention provides a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention feeds crabs in paddy fields for five months with first-stage compound feeds, second-stage compound feeds and third-stage compound feeds respectively according to the growth stage and feeding needs of crabs, and then transfers the crabs to a greenhouse to feed the crabs in the greenhouse with the fourth-stage compound feeds until they are ready for sale. Aquaculture wastewater can be recycled and purified for utilization without polluting the environment. By reasonably matching baits, the nutritional balance of the baits is ensured, the nutritional value of the crabs is increased, and the quality of the cultured crabs is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation cases. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and method proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a breeding rack for a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the breeding rack structure of a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a constant temperature humidifier of a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of a breeding rack of a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic side view of a culture rack structure of a wolfberry crab ecological culture system and culture method proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breeding rack part of a wolfberry crab ecological breeding system and breeding method proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a culture rack of a wolfberry crab ecological culture system and a culture method.

[0017] In the figure: 1-breeding shed; 11-breeding rack; 12-breeding cage; 13-feeding trough; 14-feeding mechanism; 15-feed mixing tank; 16-belt weighing conveyor; 17-mixing bin; 18-auger conveyor; 19-insulation shell; 2-diversion configuration room; 21-water reservoir; 3-rice field; 31-enclosure; 32-ring ditch; 33-grid pipe network; 4-constant temperature humidifier; 41-water tank; 42-spray pipe; 43-atomizing nozzle; 44-heater; 5-guide rail; 51-slider; 52-mounting frame; 53-second weighing sensor; 55-lead screw; 56-lead screw nut; 57-second motor; 101-first water pipe; 102-second water pipe; 103-third water pipe; 104-fourth water pipe; 105-water supply pipe; 106-overflow main pipe; 107-overflow branch pipe; 110-water collection tank; 111-base; 112-mounting plate; 113-hydraulic cylinder; 121-unit cage; 122-feeding hopper; 123-grid door; 140-fixed rod; 141-feeding pipe; 142-conveying shaft; 143-spiral blade; 144-positioning plate; 145-gear; 146-first motor; 161-first weighing sensor; 201- first trachea; 202- second trachea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1-8 A wolfberry crab ecological breeding system comprises a breeding greenhouse 1, a diversion configuration room 2, and a rice field 3; a plurality of breeding racks 11 are arranged in the breeding greenhouse 1, a multi-layer breeding cage 12 is arranged on each breeding rack 11, a feeding trough 13 is arranged correspondingly on the rear side of each layer of breeding cage 12, a plurality of feeding mechanisms 14 for feeding to the breeding cage 12 are arranged at the bottom of each feeding trough 13, a plurality of feed mixing tanks 15 are arranged on the top of the breeding rack 11, a belt weighing conveyor 16 is arranged under each feed mixing tank 15, and a discharging end of the belt weighing conveyor 16 is arranged A mixing bin 17 is movable and can be raised and lowered, and an auger conveyor 18 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing bin 17 for feeding materials to each feeding trough 13; a water reservoir 21 is arranged in the diversion configuration chamber 2; a fence 31 is arranged around the rice field 3, and a circular ditch 32 is arranged around the fence 31; a grid pipe network 33 with horizontal and vertical staggered distribution is installed in the rice field 3; the grid pipe network 33 is connected to the water reservoir 21 through a first water pipe 101; the water reservoir 21 is connected to the circular ditch 32 of the rice field 3 through a second water pipe 102; a water collecting tank 110 is arranged under each breeding rack 11 The water collecting tank 110 is connected to the water reservoir 21 through the third water pipe 103; the outer part of the multi-layer breeding cage 12 is provided with a heat preservation shell 19; a constant temperature humidifier 4 is provided on the breeding rack 11, and the constant temperature humidifier 4 is connected to the air inlet of the heat preservation shell 19 through the first air pipe 201, and the first air pipe 201 draws the air in the constant temperature humidifier 4 into the breeding cage 12 through the fan provided on the heat preservation shell 19, and the exhaust port of the heat preservation shell 19 is connected to the constant temperature humidifier 4 through the second air pipe 202; a fourth water is provided on one side of each breeding cage 12 Pipe 104, each layer of breeding cages 12 is connected to the fourth water pipe 104 through the fifth water pipe 105, the fourth water pipe 104 is connected to the water supply pipe 105, an overflow main pipe 106 is arranged on one side of each breeding cage 12, the overflow main pipe 106 is connected to each layer of breeding cages 12 through an overflow branch pipe 107, the breeding wastewater is recycled and purified, and the environment will not be polluted, the bait is reasonably matched to ensure the nutritional balance of the bait, the quality of the crabs is improved, the cultured crabs are of good quality, large size, uniform weight, and high nutritional elements.

[0020] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 The breeding rack 11 includes a base 111 and a mounting plate 112 vertically arranged on the base 111. A multi-layer breeding cage 12 is arranged on the front side wall of the mounting plate 112. The bottom of the rear end of each layer of breeding cage 12 is hingedly connected to the mounting plate 112 through a plurality of hinges. A hydraulic cylinder 113 is arranged on one side of each layer of breeding cage 12. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 113 is hingedly connected to a first hinge seat arranged on the side wall of the mounting plate 112, and the other end is hingedly connected to a second hinge seat correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the breeding cage 12. Each layer of breeding cage 12 includes a plurality of unit cages 121. The bottom plate of each unit cage 121 is arranged to be a slope with a high front and a low back. A feeding port is arranged on the top of each unit cage 121, and a feeding hopper 122 is arranged on the feeding port. A placement port is arranged in the front of each unit cage 121, and a grille door 123 is arranged on the placement port. The upper end of the grille door 123 is hingedly connected to the top plate of the unit cage 121, and a magnet is arranged on the lower end of the grille door 123. An iron block corresponding to the magnet is arranged on the lower end of the unit cage 121. The magnet on the grille door 123 is attracted by the iron block on the unit cage 121 to close the grille door 123, which is convenient for opening and placing crabs. Breeding crabs in the unit cages 121 can reduce the activity of crabs and make the crabs gain weight quickly in the later stage of breeding.

[0021] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , 6 , 7, 8, each feeding mechanism 14 includes a feeding pipe 141, a conveying shaft 142, and a spiral blade 143. The feeding pipe 141 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough 13, one end of the feeding pipe 141 is connected to the discharge hole correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough 13, and the other end horizontally penetrates the mounting plate 112 and extends to the top of the hopper 122. The conveying shaft 142 is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe 141, and the spiral blade 143 is arranged on the conveying shaft 142. Specifically, the spiral directions of the spiral blades 143 on the conveying shafts 142 in two adjacent feeding pipes 141 are opposite, and a positioning plate 144 is arranged at the rear side of the feeding trough 13. Both ends of the plate 144 are fixedly connected to the feeding trough 13 through two fixing rods 140, and each conveying shaft 142 is rotatably connected to the shaft seat correspondingly arranged on the positioning plate 131. A gear 145 is arranged on each conveying shaft 142, and two adjacent gears 145 can mesh with each other for transmission. A first motor 146 for driving one of the conveying shafts 142 to rotate is arranged on the positioning plate 144. The gears 145 on each conveying shaft 142 are driven by the first motor 146 to mesh with each other for transmission, thereby driving each conveying shaft 142 to rotate, so that the spiral blades 143 on each conveying shaft 142 can all convey feed in the same direction.

[0022] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The bottom of the frame of the belt weighing conveyor 16 is supported by a plurality of first weighing sensors 161 arranged on the top of the upper feeding trough 13 , and the weight of the material added to the belt weighing conveyor 16 is conveniently monitored in real time through the first weighing sensors 161 .

[0023] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 , 4 The constant temperature humidifier 4 includes a water tank 41, a spray pipe 42, and an atomizing nozzle 43. The spray pipe 42 is arranged on the top side wall of the water tank 4, the atomizing nozzle 43 is arranged at the bottom of the spray pipe 42, and a heater 44 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 41. The spray pipe 42 is connected to the bottom of the water tank 41 through a water pump arranged on the outer wall of the water tank 41. The water at the bottom of the water tank 41 is pumped to the spray pipe 42 through the water pump. After being atomized by the atomizing nozzle 43 on the spray pipe 42, the constant temperature and humidity air in the water tank 41 is pumped into the heat-insulating shell 19 through the fan, so as to increase the humidity in the breeding cage 12 and keep the breeding cage 12 at a constant temperature, so as to stabilize the crab breeding environment, increase the comfort of the crab breeding environment, and cultivate crabs of good quality.

[0024] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 , 6 A vertical guide rail 5 is provided on the front side wall of the mounting plate 112, and a slider 51 is provided on the guide rail 5. A mounting frame 52 is provided on the slider 51, and a mixing bin 17 is provided on the mounting frame 52. The upper end of the mixing bin 17 is provided as an open opening for adding materials, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom for discharging materials. The mixing bin 17 is supported on the mounting frame 52 by a plurality of second weighing sensors 53. When the weight of the material in the mixing bin 17 changes, the weight can be monitored in real time by the second weighing sensors 53 and fed back to the LCD display of the controller for display. The mixing of the materials in the mixing bin 17 is controlled by the buttons on the LCD display. A spiral mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing bin 17, and the spiral mixing mechanism includes a spiral shaft, a spiral blade, and a spiral shaft driving motor. The spiral shaft is horizontally installed at the bottom of the mixing bin 17. The two ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably connected with the bearing supports correspondingly arranged on the two inner side walls of the mixing bin 17, the spiral blade is installed on the spiral shaft, and the spiral shaft driving motor is installed on the outer side wall of the mixing bin 17. The spiral shaft driving motor drives the spiral shaft to rotate and drives the spiral blade to rotate forward or reversely to reciprocate the materials in the mixing bin 17 so that the materials are evenly mixed. A screw 55 is arranged on one side of the guide rail 5, and the upper and lower ends of the screw 55 are rotatably supported by two shaft supports 56 fixedly connected to the mounting plate 112. A screw nut 56 is arranged on the screw 55, and the screw nut 56 is fixedly connected to the slider 51. A second motor 57 for driving the screw 55 to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate 112.

[0025] The method for ecological breeding of wolfberry crabs of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Put the crab larvae into the rice field and feed them with the first stage compound feed for one month (the feeding period is from March to April of the same year); in: The first stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of peeled corn, 20 parts of wolfberry, 18 parts of pumpkin, 18 parts of puffed corn, 20 parts of soybean dregs, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of brown sugar, 2 parts of allicin, 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of multivitamin calcium, 2 parts of dried fish oil, 3 parts of de-mold agent, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 12,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,500 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S2, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the second stage of compound feed for one month (the feeding period is from April to May of the current year); in: The second stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 25 parts of fish bone meal, 25 parts of peeled corn, 25 parts of wolfberry, 20 parts of pumpkin, 20 parts of puffed corn, 25 parts of soybean dregs, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of brown sugar, 4 parts of salt, 4 parts of multivitamin calcium, 4 parts of dried fish oil, 6 parts of de-mold agent, 6 parts of glucose, 6 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 13,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,800 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; The first-stage compound feed is weighed or metered according to weight and mixed with a mixer, and then artificially spread into the rice field for feeding.

[0026] S3, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the third stage compound feed for three months (the feeding period is from May to August of the current year); in, The third stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 30 parts of wolfberry, 25 parts of pumpkin, 25 parts of puffed corn, 30 parts of soybean dregs, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of brown sugar, 6 parts of salt, 6 parts of multivitamin calcium, 6 parts of dried fish oil, 8 parts of mold remover, 8 parts of glucose, 8 parts of starter; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; The second-stage compound feed is weighed or metered according to weight and mixed with a mixer, and then artificially spread into the rice field for feeding.

[0027] S4, the crabs cultured in the rice fields are salvaged and transferred to the breeding greenhouse, and each crab is placed in a unit cage separately, and is continued to be fed with the fourth stage compound feed until it is ready for market (the feeding period is from August to October of the year); in, The fourth stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 35 parts of wolfberry, 30 parts of pumpkin, 30 parts of puffed corn, 35 parts of soybean dregs, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of brown sugar, 8 parts of salt, 8 parts of multivitamin calcium, 8 parts of dried fish oil, 10 parts of mold remover, 10 parts of glucose, and 10 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; The density of releasing crab larvae in the rice field is 600-1000 per mu.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the unit of the feed portion ratio for farmed crabs can be kilograms for actual quantitative weighing.

[0029] In the above embodiment, a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the heat-insulating shell 19, and a drain valve is arranged at the drain outlet, so that waste water in the breeding greenhouse can be discharged from the drain outlet conveniently.

[0030] In the above embodiment, a plurality of water spraying ports are arranged on the side wall of the pipe network, and fresh water is conveniently supplied to the rice field 3 through the water spraying ports on the grid pipe network 33, so that the aquaculture water of the rice field 3 can be quickly replaced.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the water supply pipe 105 is a hose, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is open, which is convenient for controlling the water level in the breeding cages 12 so that the water level in each breeding cage 12 remains consistent.

[0032] In step S1, the annular ditch 31 arranged around the rice field 3 has a width of 1.5-2 meters and a depth of 0.8-1 meter. The annular ditch 31 is convenient for quickly discharging wastewater in the rice field 3 to the annular ditch 31 and adding fresh water into the rice field 3. The water changing speed is fast, which can quickly improve the water quality for crab breeding in the rice field 3.

[0033] The present invention feeds crabs in rice fields for five months using the first-stage compound feed, the second-stage compound feed and the third-stage compound feed, and feeds crabs in greenhouses until they are marketed using the fourth-stage compound feed. The breeding method is adjusted according to the growth stage and feeding demand of the crabs, so that the crabs always live and grow in a more comfortable environment, and the growth quality of the crabs is better than that of crabs completely bred in rice fields.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention for breeding crabs through breeding cages includes:First, crabs are cultured separately in each unit cage 121, and then fish bone meal, peeled corn, wolfberry, pumpkin, puffed corn, bean curd, bran, and bran are added to each feed mixing tank 15 in sequence, and then the controller controls the discharge valve of each feed mixing tank 15 to open in sequence to add materials to the belt weighing conveyor 16 and weigh them. The weighed feed is transported and unloaded into the mixing bin 17 through the belt weighing conveyor 16, and then brown sugar, salt, multivitamin calcium, dried fish oil, mold removal agent, glucose, and fermentation agent (the fermentation agent is a microbial preparation such as lactic acid bacteria and yeast) are added to the mixing bin 17 in sequence, and the materials in the mixing bin 17 are mixed by the spiral mixing mechanism in the mixing bin 17. After the mixing is completed, the second motor 57 drives the lead screw 5 5 rotates, the screw 55 rotates to drive the screw nut 56 and the slider 51 to move downward along the guide rail 5. After moving to each layer of the breeding cage 12, the auger conveyor 18 at the bottom of the mixing bin 17 is controlled by the controller to add materials to the corresponding feeding trough 13 (a laser beam transmitter is arranged on the side wall of the mixing bin 17, and a laser beam receiver is correspondingly arranged on the side wall of each feeding trough 13. Whenever the mixing bin 17 moves downward to form a horizontal beam angle between the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver, the mixing bin 17 will stop at the side of the corresponding feeding trough 13 to add materials to the feeding trough 13. The feeding time of the auger conveyor 18 is controlled by PLC programming. Specifically, the PLC controller obtains the weight of the mixing bin 17 monitored by the gravity sensor on the mixing bin 17. The amount of reduction is used to determine whether the feeding amount has reached the preset value, thereby controlling whether the auger conveyor 18 is interrupted. The start and stop of the auger conveyor 18 can also be controlled by the DCS controller button. By reading the weight parameters displayed by the controller on the mixing bin 17, the auger conveyor 18 is manually started to add materials to the feeding trough 13). After the feed in each feeding trough 13 is added, the controller controls the first motor 146 to drive one of the conveying shafts 142 to rotate, driving the gear 145 on the conveying shaft 142 to mesh with the gears 145 on the other conveying shafts 142 to transmit, so that each conveying shaft 142 rotates synchronously, and the feed released from the bottom of the mixing bin 17 is fed into the feeding tube 141 through the spiral blades 14 on the conveying shaft 142. 3 is transported to the feeding hopper 122 of each breeding cage 12, and is added to the breeding cage 12 through the feeding hopper 122 to feed the crabs. When the water quality in the breeding cage 12 is poor, the breeding cage 12 is driven to rotate outward along the hinge by the hydraulic cylinder 113, so that the placement port is lower than the water level in the breeding cage 12, and the water in the breeding cage 12 is discharged through the grille door 123 on the front side of the unit cage 121. After the discharge, the breeding cage 12 is controlled by the controller to keep the horizontal state, and then fresh water is supplied to each unit cage 121 through the water supply pipe 105, the fourth water pipe 104, and the fifth water pipe 105. When the supplied water level is too high, the water overflows and is discharged to the water collection tank 110 through the overflow main pipe 106, and the water in the water collection tank 110 is discharged to the reservoir 21 through the third water pipe 103.By adding flocculants into the water reservoir 21, the water in the water reservoir 21 is purified, and then the water in the water reservoir 21 is discharged to the grid pipe network 33 in the rice field 3 through the first water pipe 101. The fresh water is quickly dispersed into the rice field through the grid pipe network 33 for water replenishment. The wastewater in the rice field 3 is discharged into the annular ditch 32 in advance, and the wastewater in the annular ditch 32 is pumped into the water reservoir 21 by a water pump for purification and sedimentation. At the same time, when the water volume in the water reservoir 21 is insufficient, the water of the Yellow River is pumped into the grid pipe network 33 by a water pump to replenish the rice field 3. When the breeding season reaches autumn and the temperature in the breeding greenhouse 1 is low, the constant temperature humidifier 4 is controlled by the controller to work, so that the breeding cage 12 maintains a constant temperature, so that the crab breeding environment is stable, the comfort of the crab breeding environment is increased, and the quality of the crabs cultured is good.

[0035] The crabs cultured by the present invention were verified by the following detection methods: The crabs cultured in the present invention are located in Ningxia, the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with excellent water quality and sufficient water, providing an ideal growth environment for hairy crabs. The Yellow River water is rich in various minerals and trace elements, which are conducive to the nutrient absorption and healthy growth of hairy crabs. Modern aquaculture technology is adopted, the ecological breeding concept is promoted, and the rice-hairy crab co-culture model is adopted to achieve the dual goals of ecological balance and economic benefits.

[0036] The crabs cultured by the invention have a green back shell, a grayish white belly, two well-developed front limbs, fine and smooth meat, full crab roe and delicious taste.

[0037] The various index parameters of the crabs cultured in the present invention at the maturity stage are shown in the following table: Unique quality characteristics Actual value range Comparison reference value Detection Methods Vitamin E 6.74mg / 100g~8.24mg / 100g 6.09 mg / 100g GB 5009.82 -2016 Linoleic acid 15.6 %~18.8 % 6.6% GB 5009.168-2016 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1.38 %~1.41 % 0 % GB 5009.168-2016 phosphorus 243 mg / 100g~252 mg / 100g 182 mg / 100g GB 5009.87-2016 (Second Method) iron 4.76mg / 100g~4.80mg / 100g 2.9 mg / 100g GB 5009.268-2016 (First Law) Potassium 246 mg / 100g 181 mg / 100g GB 5009.268-2016 (First Law) By comparison, it is not difficult to find that the various indicators of the crabs cultured in the present invention are better than the control reference values ​​in the mature stage. The drainage of the Yellow River aquaculture water provides an ideal growth environment for hairy crabs. The Yellow River water is rich in various minerals and trace elements. At the same time, the use of modern aquaculture technology and improved feeding conditions has contributed to the Chinese mitten crabs being rich in various trace elements, vitamin E and various unsaturated fatty acids. The meat is delicate and smooth, the crab roe is full and delicious, and the six indicators of vitamin E, linoleic acid, DHA, phosphorus, potassium and iron of the mitten crab are significantly different from other similar products. In addition, under the same breeding cycle, the crabs cultured in the present invention are larger in size in the mature stage, and the weight of each monomer is uniform, which can increase higher economic benefits.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the true scope of the invention is indicated by the claims.

[0039] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wolfberry crab ecological breeding system, characterized in that: It includes a breeding greenhouse (1), a diversion configuration room (2), and a rice field (3); A plurality of breeding racks (11) are arranged in the breeding shed (1), and a plurality of breeding cages (12) are arranged on each breeding rack (11). A feeding trough (13) is arranged at the rear side of each layer of the breeding cages (12). A plurality of feeding mechanisms (14) for feeding the breeding cages (12) are arranged at the bottom of each feeding trough (13). A plurality of feed mixing tanks (15) are arranged on the top of the breeding rack (11). A belt weighing conveyor (16) is arranged below each feed mixing tank (15). A lifting and movable mixing bin (17) is arranged at the discharge end of the belt weighing conveyor (16). An auger conveyor (18) for feeding the feeding troughs (13) is arranged at the bottom of the mixing bin (17). A water reservoir (21) is provided in the flow distribution chamber (2); A fence (31) is arranged around the rice field (3), a circular ditch (32) is arranged around the fence (31), and a grid pipe network (33) which is staggered in the horizontal and vertical directions is installed in the rice field (3); The grid pipe network (33) is connected to the water reservoir (21) via a first water pipe (101); The water reservoir (21) is connected to the annular ditch (32) of the rice field (3) via a second water pipe (102); A water collecting tank (110) is provided below each of the breeding racks (11), and the water collecting tank (110) is connected to the water reservoir (21) via a third water pipe (103); A heat-insulating shell (19) is arranged outside the multi-layer breeding cage (12); A constant temperature humidifier (4) is arranged on the breeding rack (11); the constant temperature humidifier (4) is connected to the air inlet of the heat-insulating shell (19) via a first air pipe (201); and the air outlet of the heat-insulating shell (19) is connected to the constant temperature humidifier (4) via a second air pipe (202); A fourth water pipe (104) is provided on one side of each breeding cage (12); each layer of breeding cages (12) is connected to the fourth water pipe (104) via a fifth water pipe (105); the fourth water pipe (104) is connected to the water supply pipe (105); an overflow main pipe (106) is provided on one side of each breeding cage (12); the overflow main pipe (106) is connected to each layer of breeding cages (12) via an overflow branch pipe (107).

2. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The breeding rack (11) comprises a base (111) and a mounting plate (112) vertically arranged on the base (111); a plurality of layers of breeding cages (12) are arranged on the front side wall of the mounting plate (112); the rear end bottom of each layer of the breeding cages (12) is hingedly connected to the mounting plate (112) via a plurality of hinges; a hydraulic cylinder (113) is arranged on one side of each layer of the breeding cages (12); one end of the hydraulic cylinder (113) is hingedly connected to a first hinge seat arranged on the side wall of the mounting plate (112); and the other end is hingedly connected to the first hinge seat arranged on the side wall of the mounting plate (112). A second hinged seat correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the breeding cage (12) is hingedly connected, and each layer of the breeding cage (12) includes a plurality of unit cages (121). The bottom plate of each unit cage (121) is arranged as a sloped surface with a high front and a low rear. A feeding port is arranged on the top of each unit cage (121), and a feeding hopper (122) is arranged on the feeding port. A placement port is arranged in front of each unit cage (121), and a grille door (123) is arranged on the placement port. The upper end of the grille door (123) is hingedly connected to the top plate of the unit cage (121).

3. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Each of the feeding mechanisms (14) comprises a feeding pipe (141), a conveying shaft (142), and a spiral blade (143); the feeding pipe (141) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough (13); one end of the feeding pipe (141) is connected to a discharge hole correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding trough (13); the other end of the feeding pipe (141) horizontally penetrates the mounting plate (112) and extends to above the hopper (122); a conveying shaft (142) is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe (141), and a spiral blade (143) is arranged on the conveying shaft (142).

4. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning plate (144) is arranged at the rear side of the feeding trough (13), and the two ends of the positioning plate (144) are fixedly connected to the feeding trough (13) via two fixing rods (140). Each of the conveying shafts (142) is rotatably connected to a corresponding shaft seat arranged on the positioning plate (131). A gear (145) is arranged on each of the conveying shafts (142), and two adjacent gears (145) can mesh with each other for transmission. A first motor (146) for driving one of the conveying shafts (142) to rotate is arranged on the positioning plate (144).

5. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame of the belt weighing conveyor (16) is supported by a plurality of first weighing sensors (161) arranged on the top of the upper feeding trough (13).

6. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The constant temperature humidifier (4) comprises a water tank (41), a spray pipe (42), and an atomizing nozzle (43); the spray pipe (42) is arranged on the top side wall of the water tank (4); the atomizing nozzle (43) is arranged at the bottom of the spray pipe (42); and a heater (44) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (41).

7. The wolfberry crab ecological breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vertical guide rail (5) is arranged on the front side wall of the mounting plate (112), and a slider (51) is arranged on the guide rail (5). A mounting frame (52) is arranged on the slider (51), and a mixing bin (17) is arranged on the mounting frame (52). The mixing bin (17) is supported on the mounting frame (52) via a plurality of second weighing sensors (53). A spiral mixing mechanism is arranged in the mixing bin (17). A lead screw (55) is arranged on one side of the guide rail (5), and the lead screw (55) is rotatably supported at its upper and lower ends via two shaft supports (56) fixedly connected to the mounting plate (112). A lead screw nut (56) is arranged on the lead screw (55), and the lead screw nut (56) is fixedly connected to the slider (51). A second motor (57) for driving the lead screw (55) to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate (112).

8. An ecological breeding method for wolfberry crabs, characterized by: The steps include: S1. Put the crab larvae into the rice field and feed them with the first stage compound feed for one month; in: The first stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of peeled corn, 20 parts of wolfberry, 18 parts of pumpkin, 18 parts of puffed corn, 20 parts of soybean dregs, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of bran, 10 parts of brown sugar, 2 parts of allicin, 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of multivitamin calcium, 2 parts of dried fish oil, 3 parts of de-mold agent, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 12,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,500 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S2, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the second stage of compound feed for one month; in: The second stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 25 parts of fish bone meal, 25 parts of peeled corn, 25 parts of wolfberry, 20 parts of pumpkin, 20 parts of puffed corn, 25 parts of soybean dregs, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of bran, 15 parts of brown sugar, 4 parts of salt, 4 parts of multivitamin calcium, 4 parts of dried fish oil, 6 parts of de-mold agent, 6 parts of glucose, 6 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 13,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 2,800 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S3, continue to feed the crabs in the rice field with the third stage of compound feed for three months; in, The third stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 30 parts of wolfberry, 25 parts of pumpkin, 25 parts of puffed corn, 30 parts of soybean dregs, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of brown sugar, 6 parts of salt, 6 parts of multivitamin calcium, 6 parts of dried fish oil, 8 parts of mold remover, 8 parts of glucose, 8 parts of starter; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate, with 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate added per kilogram of feed and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate added per kilogram of feed; S4, the crabs cultured in the rice fields are salvaged and transferred to the breeding greenhouse, and each crab is placed in a unit cage separately, and is continued to be fed with the fourth stage compound feed until it is ready for market; in, The fourth stage compound feed is composed of the following in terms of weight: 50 parts of fish bone meal, 50 parts of peeled corn, 35 parts of wolfberry, 30 parts of pumpkin, 30 parts of puffed corn, 35 parts of soybean dregs, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of bran, 25 parts of brown sugar, 8 parts of salt, 8 parts of multivitamin calcium, 8 parts of dried fish oil, 10 parts of mold remover, 10 parts of glucose, and 10 parts of leavening agent; The above feed is also added with vitamin A acetate and vitamin D3 acetate. 15,000 international units of vitamin A acetate are added per kilogram of feed, and 3,000 international units of vitamin D3 acetate are added per kilogram of feed.

9. The method for ecological breeding of wolfberry crabs according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the density of stocking crab larvae in the rice field is 600-1000 per mu.

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