Insect olfaction behavior experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The invention relates to an insect olfaction behavior experimental device and experimental method, and relates to the technical field of insect behavior research. According to the main technical scheme, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device comprises a first chamber and an experimental chamber. Wherein the first chamber is used for breeding insects; the experiment chamber is used for performing an insect olfactory behavior experiment; the experiment chamber comprises a second chamber which is used for providing free activity space for the insects so as to be used for the olfactory behavior experiment of the insects; wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a movable door; wherein the movable door is opened, so that the first chamber is communicated with the second chamber, and the insects bred in the first chamber are released into the second chamber. The device is mainly used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, in the process of taking insects into an experimental device, mosquitoes can be damaged, and experimental results are affected, the device integrates the olfactometer and the wind tunnel, and wind tunnel testing and selection behavior testing can be achieved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of insect behavior research, and in particular to an insect olfactory behavior experimental device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] The sense of smell is a powerful tool for insects to survive, and plays an important role in foraging, courtship, egg laying, and avoiding natural enemies. Insects rely on their sensitive sense of smell to perceive chemical information in the environment. In the process of olfactory recognition, odor receptors play a core role. When activated, they can convert external chemical signals into bioelectric signals, thereby mediating the corresponding behavioral responses of insects.

[0003] By analyzing the olfactory behavior of insects and taking olfactory targets as the starting point, the development of insect olfactory behavior regulators is a globally recognized green control technology with the advantages of high biological sensitivity, strong selectivity, and environmental friendliness. It can achieve long-term and effective control of pests and has become an important direction of current research.

[0004] According to data released by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2024), about 725,000 people die from mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever each year due to insect bites. Among all pests, mosquitoes are the number one deadly killer. Unlike the neural circuits of the traditional animal olfactory system, mosquitoes have a special olfactory system with an "automatic fail-safe device" - a multi-receptor olfactory system, that is, a single olfactory neuron of a mosquito has multiple types of chemical receptors that can detect different odors, ensuring that they can always smell the host and accurately locate the host. When people try to prevent mosquito bites by blocking certain receptors, mosquitoes can still use other receptors to easily identify the host, and confusing mosquitoes' sense of smell is more difficult than previously thought, which is also the difficulty in developing mosquito repellents and attractants.

[0005] Therefore, developing a convenient, economical and efficient insect olfactory behavior experimental device is a strong guarantee for creating efficient and specific green insect behavior regulators. It is also necessary for in-depth research on the principles of the spread of mosquito-borne viruses in nature, and then developing new prevention and control strategies to block the large-scale spread of viruses worldwide and safeguard human public health.

[0006] In the prior art, the experimental devices used for in vivo bioassay of insect olfactory behavior mainly include olfactometers and olfactory wind tunnels. Among them, olfactometers mainly include Y-type, four-arm type and multi-channel type. Among them, the olfactory wind tunnel, also known as the insect wind tunnel test system, is a carefully designed tunnel or pipeline, mainly composed of an air supply system, an observation area, a collection device (arm), etc.; its core value lies in converting theoretical models into observable and quantifiable experimental data. In the research scope of insect chemical ecology, wind tunnel testing is applied in a specially designed rectangular space where air circulation is maintained. Scientists observe the behavioral responses of living insects to specific odor substances in order to explore the insects' olfactory guidance mechanism and their ability to recognize and respond to chemical signals.

[0007] However, the inventors of the present invention believe that the existing experimental device for measuring insect olfactory behavior has at least the following problems:

[0008] 1) The prior art first uses an insect collection device (such as a mosquito suction device) to collect insects into the experimental device. For example, when using a mosquito suction device to collect mosquitoes, the mosquitoes are mainly sucked into the mosquito suction device by wind force, and then released into the measurement experimental device. However, in this process, the mosquito suction device will damage the mosquitoes, seriously affecting the vitality of the mosquito suction device, affecting the experimental results, and even some mosquitoes will die directly in this process.

[0009] 2) The number of insects in a one-time experiment in the existing technology is small, which makes it difficult to complete the needs of a single large-scale experiment.

[0010] 3) The existing technology mainly counts the attracting or repelling effect by the number of insects after making a choice, and is unable to record the flight behavior of insects when faced with different odors.

[0011] 4) The existing technology requires many steps of manual operation. The operational differences between different experimenters will lead to differences in results, which is labor-intensive. Different types of insects have different circadian rhythms. Most insects are active at night or in the early morning, which is different from the normal working hours of humans. Conventional olfactory behavior experimental equipment requires experimenters to conduct experiments outside of the 8-hour working hours.

[0012] 5) The temperature and humidity inside the experimental device are unclear. Most existing devices use the environmental conditions outside the experimental device as experimental parameters. However, the temperature and humidity outside the experimental device are not physically equivalent to the physical conditions inside the device, which will lead to differences in insect activity and poor repeatability of experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of this, the present invention provides a mosquito olfactory behavior experimental device and an experimental method, the main purpose of which is to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the mosquitoes will be damaged during the process of taking the insects into the experimental device, thereby affecting the experimental results.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0015] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, wherein the insect olfactory behavior experimental device comprises:

[0016] A first chamber, wherein the first chamber is used for breeding insects;

[0017] An experimental chamber, the experimental chamber is used to conduct an insect olfactory behavior experiment; wherein the experimental chamber includes a second chamber, which is used to provide insects with a free activity space for the insect olfactory behavior experiment;

[0018] The first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a movable door; the first chamber and the second chamber are connected by opening the movable door to release the insects cultured in the first chamber into the second chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the first chamber is used for adult emergence, and preferably also for larval hatching; and / or the first chamber is provided with a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a temperature detection device and a humidity detection device to provide the first chamber with a temperature and humidity environment suitable for breeding insects; and / or a timer is installed on the outside of the first chamber to record the time of larval hatching and / or adult emergence; and / or a timer is installed on the outside of the second chamber to record the release time of insects bred in the first chamber into the second chamber; and / or the first chamber is provided with a chamber door to open the first chamber; preferably, the chamber door is a mesh door to allow air to circulate between the first chamber and the outside; preferably, the mesh size of the chamber door is 16-60 meshes.

[0020] Preferably, the movable door is a mesh ventilation door; wherein the mesh size of the movable door is 16-60 meshes.

[0021] Preferably, the movable door is an upward-lifting door, wherein the movable door is moved upward by lifting upward, thereby connecting the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0022] Preferably, the experimental chamber further comprises:

[0023] A plurality of test chambers, each of which is connected to the second chamber; wherein the test chambers include at least one first test chamber for placing experimental samples and at least one second test chamber for placing control samples; preferably, the test chambers include a plurality of first test chambers for placing different experimental samples;

[0024] A ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises a ventilation pipeline; wherein the ventilation pipeline is connected to the test cavity and is used for introducing gas into the test cavity.

[0025] Preferably, a trap device is provided in the test cavity to prevent insects entering the test cavity from returning to the second cavity; preferably, the trap device is a funnel mesh structure; preferably, the large mouth end of the funnel mesh structure is arranged close to the second cavity, and the small mouth end is arranged away from the second cavity; preferably, the large mouth end of the funnel mesh structure is located at the inlet end of the test cavity; preferably, a set space is left between the small mouth end of the funnel mesh structure and the air inlet end of the test cavity to place experimental samples or control samples and accommodate insects; wherein the inlet end and the air inlet end of the test cavity are two opposite ends.

[0026] Preferably, the number of the ventilation devices is consistent with the number of the test chambers and corresponds one to one; and / or the ventilation device further includes: a gas generating device, a purification device, and a humidifying device; wherein the gas generating device, the purification device, the humidifying device, the ventilation pipeline, and the test chamber are connected in sequence; preferably, the purification device includes an activated carbon purification device; preferably, the ventilation device further includes a flow meter; preferably, the flow meter is connected to the pipeline between the gas generating device and the purification device; and / or the movable door is located on the first side of the second chamber, and the test chamber is connected to the second side of the second chamber; preferably, the first side and the second side are arranged opposite to each other; preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the second side of the second chamber; the number of the test chambers is consistent with the number of the mounting holes and corresponds one to one, and the test chamber is installed at the mounting hole corresponding to it.

[0027] Preferably, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device also includes:

[0028] A monitoring device, comprising a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device; wherein the first monitoring device is used to record the flight behavior of insects in the second chamber, and the second monitoring device is used to record the selection behavior of insects in the second chamber to form video data for data analysis.

[0029] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental method, wherein an insect olfactory behavior experimental device as described above is used to conduct an insect olfactory behavior experiment.

[0030] Preferably, the insect olfactory behavior experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0031] Insect releasing step: releasing the insects from the first chamber into the second chamber;

[0032] Behavioral experiment steps: placing the experimental sample and the control sample in different test chambers respectively, and opening the ventilation device connected to the test chamber to allow air flow to enter the test chamber;

[0033] Recording step: using the first monitoring device to record the flight behavior of the insects in the second chamber, using the second monitoring device to record the selection behavior of the insects in the second chamber, and counting the number of insects in each test chamber;

[0034] Preferably, before the step of releasing the insects, the method further comprises:

[0035] Insect breeding step: placing larvae and / or adults in a first chamber for breeding;

[0036] Preferably, in the step of releasing insects: the insects cultured in the first chamber are released into the second chamber by opening the movable door and utilizing wind power or attracting light; preferably, wind power is provided through the first mesh door; preferably, an attracting light is provided in the second chamber.

[0037] Preferably, after the recording step, a data analysis step is also included; wherein the data analysis step includes:

[0038] Analyze the significance of insect differences based on the number of insects in each test chamber; and / or

[0039] By recording the behavior of insects using monitoring devices, analyzing their flight paths in response to different odors, and exploring their olfactory guidance mechanisms and their ability to recognize and respond to chemical signals.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the mosquito olfactory behavior experimental device and experimental method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] On the one hand, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, by providing a first chamber for breeding insects and an experimental chamber for insect olfactory behavior experiments, and separating the first chamber from the second chamber in the experimental chamber by a movable door, so that when conducting an insect olfactory behavior experiment, it is only necessary to open the movable door to connect the first chamber and the second chamber, and the insects bred in the first chamber can be released into the second chamber. Therefore, the experimental device provided by this embodiment is mainly used to place pre-eclosion larvae or eggs, and has the function of an incubator. On the one hand, physical damage can be reduced (the whole process does not require the use of devices such as mosquito suction devices, which will not damage insects, will not affect the vitality of insects, and improve the accuracy of experimental results). On the other hand, the contactless release of adult mosquitoes can reduce the escape of mosquitoes and reduce the probability of experimental personnel being bitten by mosquitoes.

[0042] Furthermore, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, wherein the first chamber of this embodiment is used for adult emergence, and preferably also for larvae hatching. Here, by directly placing larvae and adults in the first chamber for breeding, it is used for mosquito olfactory behavior experiments. In addition, in the process of transferring larvae and adults to the first chamber, there is no need to use a mosquito suction device, and the larvae and adults will not be damaged.

[0043] Further, the present embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, and the present embodiment is provided with a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a temperature detection device and a humidity detection device in the first chamber. In addition, the chamber door of the first chamber is set as a mesh door, which is used to circulate air between the first chamber and the outside. Here, through the above arrangement, an environment suitable for breeding insects can be provided for the first chamber. Further, the present embodiment designs the movable door as a mesh ventilation door, so that the internal environment of the second chamber is consistent with that of the first chamber, which is conducive to the survival of insects. In addition, the movable door is designed as an upward lifting door, so that the experimenter only needs to pull upward to release the insects in the first chamber into the second chamber, and the experimenter will not have direct contact with the insects during the whole process. In summary, by setting the temperature and room temperature control device and the detection device in the first chamber, and designing the movable door between the second chamber and the first chamber as a mesh ventilation door, the above arrangement can make the temperature and humidity in the first chamber and the second chamber controllable and adjustable, and further improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0044] Furthermore, the present embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, by designing multiple test chambers connected to the second chamber for placing experimental samples or controls, and at the same time, introducing clean gas into the test chamber through a ventilation device, so that on the one hand, the corresponding test chamber forms a test smell, and the corresponding test chamber forms a control smell. On the other hand, due to the principle of insects flying against the wind, the insects in the second chamber will fly against the wind toward the test chamber, and choose the test chamber with the favorite smell according to the type of smell, thereby completing the olfactory behavior experiment.

[0045] Furthermore, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device provided in this embodiment, through the design of a first chamber for breeding insects and a second chamber for allowing insects to fly freely, can release a large number of insects from the first chamber into the second chamber (can realize large-scale insect testing experiments, 100-600 experimental insects), and at the same time, by setting up multiple test chambers (multiple first test chambers), it can meet the needs of a single large-scale experiment, and at the same time can complete and record the flight behavior of insects when facing different odors.

[0046] Furthermore, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device. When conducting an olfactory behavior experiment, it is only necessary to release the insect from the first chamber to the second chamber, place the experimental sample and the control sample in the test chamber, and turn on the ventilation device. During the whole process, since a monitoring device is set up for all-round monitoring, the flight behavior of adult mosquitoes can be recorded, and then the flight trajectory can be statistically analyzed. For example, mosquitoes can be released before leaving get off work, and the results can be collected after work the next day. The night flight behavior of insects can be recorded by a camera with an infrared function, and the observation automation can be realized, thereby reducing human errors and saving manpower and material resources.

[0047] In summary, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device provided in this embodiment integrates an olfactometer and a wind tunnel, and can simultaneously realize wind tunnel testing and selection behavior testing.

[0048] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental method, which mainly uses the above-mentioned insect olfactory behavior experimental device to conduct experiments. Therefore, the insect olfactory behavior experimental method provided by the embodiment of the present invention has any of the beneficial effects described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an insect olfactory behavior experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 is an experimental result diagram of Experimental Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, Figure 2 *** indicates significant difference, with P value less than 0.001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] On the one hand, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, wherein, Figure 1As shown, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device of this embodiment includes: a first chamber 1 and an experimental chamber. The first chamber 1 is used for breeding insects. The experimental chamber is used for insect olfactory behavior experiments; the experimental chamber includes a second chamber 2. The second chamber 2 is used to provide insects with a free space for movement, so as to be used in insect olfactory behavior experiments. The first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 are separated by a movable door 12; by opening the movable door 12, the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 are connected to release the insects bred in the first chamber 1 into the second chamber 2.

[0055] The present embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, which is provided with a first chamber 1 for breeding insects and an experimental chamber for insect olfactory behavior experiments, and the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 in the experimental chamber are separated by a movable door 12. In this way, when conducting the insect olfactory behavior experiment, it is only necessary to open the movable door to connect the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2, so that the insects bred in the first chamber 1 can be released into the second chamber 2. Therefore, the experimental device provided in the present embodiment is mainly used to place pre-eclosion larvae or eggs, and has the function of an incubator. On the one hand, physical damage can be reduced (the whole process does not require the use of devices such as mosquito suction devices, which will not damage insects, will not affect the vitality of insects, and improve the accuracy of experimental results). On the other hand, the contactless release of adult mosquitoes can reduce the escape of mosquitoes and reduce the probability of experimental personnel being bitten by mosquitoes.

[0056] Preferably, the length, width and height of the first chamber 1 of this embodiment are all 40 cm. The length, width and height of the second chamber 2 are 90 cm, 40 cm and 40 cm respectively.

[0057] Preferably, the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 are made of glass, plastic or transparent material.

[0058] Preferably, a timer is provided on the outside of the first chamber 1 (eg, the outer wall) for counting the time of hatching of insect larvae and emergence of adults.

[0059] Preferably, a timer is provided on the outside (eg, the outer wall) of the second chamber 1 for recording the time of the insect flight behavior experiment.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Preferably, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, wherein, Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is further designed as follows:

[0062] The first chamber 1 is used for adult emergence, and preferably also for larval hatching. Here, the eggs and larvae are directly placed in the first chamber 1 for breeding, so as to be used in the mosquito olfactory behavior experiment. In addition, in the process of transferring the eggs and larvae to the first chamber 1, there is no need to use a mosquito suction device, so the eggs and larvae will not be damaged.

[0063] Preferably, a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a temperature detection device and a humidity detection device are provided in the first chamber 1 to provide the first chamber 1 with a temperature and humidity environment suitable for breeding insects.

[0064] Preferably, the first chamber 1 is provided with a chamber door 11 for opening the first chamber 1. The chamber door 11 is a mesh door for allowing air to circulate between the first chamber 1 and the outside; preferably, the mesh number of the chamber door 1 is 16-60 meshes, preferably 20 meshes.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Preferably, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment further designs the movable door as follows:

[0067] The movable door 12 of this embodiment is a mesh ventilation door, wherein the mesh number of the movable door 12 is 16-60 meshes, preferably 20 meshes. Here, by designing the movable door 12 as a mesh ventilation door, the internal environment of the second chamber 2 is consistent with that of the first chamber 1, which is conducive to the survival of insects.

[0068] Preferably, the movable door 12 is an upward lifting door, wherein the movable door 12 is moved upward by lifting upward to connect the first chamber 1 with the second chamber 2. Here, the movable door 12 is designed as an upward lifting door, so that the experimenter only needs to lift it upward to release the insects in the first chamber 11 into the second chamber 12, and the experimenter will not come into contact with the insects during the whole process.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] Preferably, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment further designs the experimental chamber as follows:

[0071] The experimental chamber also includes: a plurality of test chambers 3 and a ventilation device. Each test chamber 3 is connected to the second chamber 2; the test chamber 3 includes at least one first test chamber for placing the experimental sample (preferably, the test chamber 3 includes a plurality of first test chambers for placing different experimental samples) and at least one second test chamber for placing the control sample. The ventilation device includes a ventilation line 5; the ventilation line 5 is connected to the test chamber 3 and is used to introduce gas into the test chamber 3.

[0072] Preferably, a trap device 4 is provided in the test chamber 3 to prevent the insects entering the test chamber 3 from returning to the second chamber 2; preferably, the trap device 4 is a funnel mesh structure; the large end of the funnel mesh structure is arranged close to the second chamber 1, and the small end is arranged away from the second chamber 1 (the large end makes it easy for insects to enter, and the small end is arranged so that it is difficult for insects entering the test chamber 3 to return to the second chamber 2). Preferably, the diameter of the large end of the funnel mesh structure is 10 cm, the small end is 2-5 cm, and the length is 8-15 cm. Preferably, the large end of the funnel mesh structure is located at the inlet end of the test chamber 3; preferably, a set space is left between the small end of the funnel mesh structure and the air inlet end of the test chamber 3 to place experimental samples or control samples and accommodate insects (selected insects entering the test chamber 3); wherein the inlet end and the air inlet end of the test chamber 3 are two opposite ends.

[0073] Preferably, the number of ventilation devices is consistent with that of test chambers 3, and they correspond one to one. The ventilation device also includes: a gas generating device 9, a purification device 7, and a humidifying device 6; wherein the gas generating device 9, the purification device 7, the humidifying device 6, the ventilation pipeline 5, and the test chamber 2 are connected in sequence. Preferably, the ventilation device also includes a flow meter 8; preferably, the flow meter 8 is connected to the pipeline between the gas generating device 9 and the purification device 7. The purification device 7 includes an activated carbon purification device. The humidifying device 6 is a distilled water humidifying device.

[0074] Preferably, the movable door 12 is located on the first side of the second chamber 2, and the test chamber 3 is connected to the second side of the second chamber 2 (preferably, the second side of the second chamber 2 is configured as a fixed door). The first side and the second side are arranged opposite to each other. Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes (preferably round holes) are provided on the second side of the second chamber 2, and the test chamber is sealed and connected to the mounting holes. Preferably, the number of mounting holes is consistent with the number of the test chambers, and they correspond one to one.

[0075] Preferably, the test cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the size of its outer wall is adapted to the size of the mounting hole. Preferably, the diameter of the entrance of the test cavity is about 10 cm.

[0076] The present embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental device, which is designed with multiple test chambers 3 connected to the second chamber 2 for placing experimental samples or controls, and clean gas is introduced into the test chamber 3 through a ventilation device. On the one hand, the corresponding test chamber 3 forms a test smell, and the corresponding test chamber 3 forms a control smell. On the other hand, due to the principle of insects flying against the wind, the insects in the second chamber 2 will fly against the wind toward the test chamber 3, and select the test chamber with the favorite smell according to the type of smell, so as to conduct an olfactory behavior experiment.

[0077] Preferably, the insect olfactory behavior experimental device also includes a monitoring device, which includes a first monitoring device 10 and a second monitoring device 11; wherein the first monitoring device 10 is used to record the flight behavior of insects in the second chamber 2, and the second monitoring device 11 is used to record the selection behavior of insects in the second chamber 2 to form video data for data analysis.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] On the other hand, this embodiment provides an insect olfactory behavior experimental method, wherein the insect olfactory behavior experimental device described in any of the above embodiments is used to conduct an insect olfactory behavior experiment.

[0080] Preferably, the insect olfactory behavior experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0081] Insect releasing step: releasing the insects from the first chamber into the second chamber.

[0082] Preferably, in this step: Figure 1 As shown, by opening the movable door 12, the insects cultured in the first chamber 1 are released into the second chamber 2 by wind or attracting light. Preferably, ventilation is provided from the first mesh door 11 to provide wind; preferably, an attracting light is provided in the second chamber 2. Preferably, a timer is used to record the time of insect release.

[0083] Behavioral experiment steps: place the experimental sample and the control sample in different test chambers respectively, and open the ventilation device connected to the test chamber to allow air flow to enter the test chamber.

[0084] Recording steps: using the first monitoring device 10 to record the flight behavior of the insects in the second chamber 2, using the second monitoring device 11 to record the selection behavior of the insects in the second chamber 2, and counting the number of insects in each test chamber.

[0085] Data analysis steps: (1) Count the number of mosquitoes that made a choice in each arm, and perform a significance analysis using software such as Excel and R; (2) Copy the flight video recorded by the camera, and use video data processing software to analyze the flight trajectories of insects in response to different odors, and explore the olfactory guidance mechanism of insects and their ability to recognize and respond to chemical signals.

[0086] It should be noted that "difference significance analysis" mainly involves statistical analysis of the differences in insects' preference for odors under different conditions to determine whether the effects of different odor sources on insect behavior are statistically significant. Difference significance analysis usually uses statistical methods, such as t-test or ANOVA (analysis of variance), to compare whether the differences between different treatment groups are statistically significant.

[0087] The "chemical signal" here refers to the odor released by the test sample, which is a chemical signal that affects the olfactory behavior of insects.

[0088] Experimental Example 1

[0089] This experimental example uses the above-mentioned insect olfactory behavior experimental device (such as Figure 1 The insect olfactory behavior experiment was conducted as shown in Figure 1. The main steps are as follows:

[0090] (I) Mosquito breeding and female mosquito selection

[0091] 1. Open the chamber door 11, and adjust the parameters of the temperature control device and the humidity control device to make the temperature in the first chamber 1 28±1°C and the humidity 75±5%. Put the mosquito breeding container into the first chamber 1, take a beaker or a basin and other breeding containers, add chlorine-free water, and place the prepared mosquito egg paper or mosquito larvae into the breeding container (the breeding container can be placed in the insect cage or placed separately in the first chamber 1).

[0092] 2. Turn on the timer and record the time when the larvae hatch or the adults emerge.

[0093] (II) Mosquito selection behavior experiment

[0094] 1. Open the insect cage, or directly place the adult insects into the first chamber 1.

[0095] 2. Open the movable door 12, ventilate from the chamber door 11, and use the wind to release the adult insects (mosquitoes) into the second chamber 2 to allow them to fly freely; or provide an attracting light at the second side of the second chamber 2 to attract the adult insects (mosquitoes) from the first chamber 1 to the second chamber 2. Turn on the timer and record the time of adult insect release.

[0096] 3. Place the experimental sample (the components of the experimental sample include plant essential oil and solvent; the solvent is 10% anhydrous ethanol) and the control sample (10% anhydrous ethanol) in the test chamber 3 respectively (the experimental sample is placed in the first test chamber, and the control sample is placed in the second test chamber). Turn on the air generating device 9 to allow the air flow to enter the test chamber 3 at a steady flow rate; turn on the monitoring device to record the insect behavior.

[0097] 4. After the experiment has been going on for a certain period of time, observe and record the number of insects in the test chamber, and count and analyze the effects of the experimental samples on insect behavior.

[0098] 5. Data statistical analysis.

[0099] (1) Count the number of mosquitoes that made choices in each test chamber, and perform significant difference analysis using Excel, R and other software;

[0100] (2) Copy the flight videos recorded by the camera and use video data processing software to analyze the flight trajectories of insects in response to different odors, so as to explore the olfactory guidance mechanism of insects and their ability to recognize and respond to chemical signals.

[0101] 6. Experimental data analysis

[0102] The mosquito adult attraction bioassay was performed using the above steps. Compared with the solvent control group, the number of mosquitoes in the test chamber of the treatment group (i.e., the test chamber where the experimental sample was placed) was significantly higher than that of the control group (see Figure 2 The chi-square test result is X 2 =22.302, df=1, p-value<0.0001. This result shows that the insect olfactory behavior experimental device of this embodiment can be effectively used in insect behavior experiments.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insect olfactory behavior experimental device, characterized in that: The insect olfactory behavior experimental device comprises: A first chamber, wherein the first chamber is used for breeding insects; An experimental chamber, the experimental chamber is used to conduct an insect olfactory behavior experiment; wherein the experimental chamber includes a second chamber, which is used to provide insects with a free activity space for the insect olfactory behavior experiment; The first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a movable door; the first chamber and the second chamber are connected by opening the movable door to release the insects cultured in the first chamber into the second chamber.

2. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chamber is used for adult emergence, and preferably also for larvae hatching; and / or The first chamber is provided with a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a temperature detection device and a humidity detection device to provide the first chamber with a temperature and humidity environment suitable for breeding insects; and / or A timer is installed outside the first chamber to record the time of larval hatching and / or adult emergence; and / or A timer is installed outside the second chamber to record the time of releasing the insects cultured in the first chamber into the second chamber; and / or The first chamber is provided with a chamber door for opening the first chamber; preferably, the chamber door is a mesh door for allowing air to circulate between the first chamber and the outside; preferably, the mesh number of the chamber door is 16-60 meshes.

3. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable door is a mesh ventilation door; wherein the mesh number of the movable door is 16-60 meshes.

4. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The movable door is an upward-lifting door, wherein the movable door is moved upward by lifting upward to connect the first chamber and the second chamber.

5. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The experimental chamber also includes: A plurality of test chambers, each of which is connected to the second chamber; wherein the test chambers include at least one first test chamber for placing experimental samples and at least one second test chamber for placing control samples; preferably, the test chambers include a plurality of first test chambers for placing different experimental samples; A ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises a ventilation pipeline; wherein the ventilation pipeline is connected to the test cavity and is used for introducing gas into the test cavity.

6. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A trap device is arranged in the test cavity to prevent the insects entering the test cavity from returning to the second cavity; preferably, the trap device is a funnel mesh structure; preferably, the large end of the funnel mesh structure is arranged close to the second cavity, and the small end is arranged away from the second cavity; preferably, the large end of the funnel mesh structure is located at the inlet end of the test cavity; preferably, a set space is reserved between the small end of the funnel mesh structure and the air inlet end of the test cavity to place the experimental sample or the control sample and accommodate the insects; wherein the inlet end and the air inlet end of the test cavity are two opposite ends; and / or The number of the ventilation devices is consistent with the number of the test chambers, and they correspond one to one; and / or The ventilation device further comprises: a gas generating device, a purification device, and a humidifying device; wherein the gas generating device, the purification device, the humidifying device, the ventilation pipeline, and the test chamber are sequentially connected; preferably, the purification device comprises an activated carbon purification device; preferably, the ventilation device further comprises a flow meter; preferably, the flow meter is connected to the pipeline between the gas generating device and the purification device; and / or The movable door is located on the first side of the second chamber, and the test chamber is connected to the second side of the second chamber; preferably, the first side and the second side are arranged opposite to each other; preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the second side of the second chamber; the number of the test chambers is consistent with the number of the mounting holes and corresponds one to one, and the test chambers are installed at the mounting holes corresponding to them.

7. The insect olfactory behavior experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The insect olfactory behavior experimental device also includes: A monitoring device, comprising a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device; wherein the first monitoring device is used to record the flight behavior of insects in the second chamber, and the second monitoring device is used to record the selection behavior of insects in the second chamber to form video data for data analysis.

8. An insect olfactory behavior experimental method, characterized in that: An insect olfactory behavior experiment experiment is carried out using the insect olfactory behavior experiment device described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The insect olfactory behavior experimental method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insect olfactory behavior experimental method comprises the following steps: Insect releasing step: releasing the insects from the first chamber into the second chamber; Behavioral experiment steps: placing the experimental sample and the control sample in different test chambers respectively, and opening the ventilation device connected to the test chamber to allow air flow to enter the test chamber; Recording step: using the first monitoring device to record the flight behavior of the insects in the second chamber, using the second monitoring device to record the selection behavior of the insects in the second chamber, and counting the number of insects in each test chamber; Preferably, before the step of releasing the insects, the method further comprises: Insect breeding step: placing larvae and / or adults in a first chamber for breeding; Preferably, in the step of releasing insects: the insects cultured in the first chamber are released into the second chamber by opening the movable door and utilizing wind power or attracting light; preferably, wind power is provided through the first mesh door; preferably, an attracting light is provided in the second chamber.

10. The insect olfactory behavior experimental method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the recording step, a data analysis step is also included; wherein the data analysis step includes: Analyze the significance of insect differences based on the number of insects in each test chamber; and / or By recording the behavior of insects using monitoring devices, analyzing their flight paths in response to different odors, and exploring their olfactory guidance mechanisms and their ability to recognize and respond to chemical signals.

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