Pre-school child preoperative anxiety intervention method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of psychological intervention, in particular to a preoperative anxiety intervention method for preschool children. According to the technical scheme, the preoperative anxiety intervention method for the preschool children comprises the following steps: S1, preliminary evaluation; s2, preoperative propaganda and education; s3, previewing experience; s4, cognitive behavior therapy; s5, parents participate and educate; s6, relieving anxiety; s7, performing medicine-assisted intervention; and S8, postoperation continuous intervention. The method has obvious advantages in the aspects of individuation, comprehensive propaganda and education, emotion support, multi-level intervention, parent participation and support and the like, preoperative anxiety of preschool children can be relieved more effectively, and the overall postoperative treatment effect and patient satisfaction are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of psychological intervention, and in particular to a method for intervening pre-operative anxiety in preschool children. Background Art

[0002] Preschool children usually refer to children who have not yet reached school age and have not yet started formal education. In many countries and regions, preschool children usually refer to the age group between 3 and 6 years old. The focus of this stage is usually to promote children's development and learning ability through games, observation and interaction with others. Preschool children's preoperative anxiety refers to the anxiety and fear caused by unfamiliar environments, unfamiliar medical staff, pain or discomfort during the process before children undergo surgery or medical operations. This anxiety may manifest as emotional instability, crying, refusal to accept treatment, physical tension or avoidance behavior in children. In order to reduce the impact of preoperative anxiety on children, the medical team usually takes some measures, such as early communication, information explanation, comfort and support. Existing technologies tend to be more generalized treatment methods, lack personalized assessment and intervention plans, resulting in some children being unable to get effective anxiety relief. In addition, existing technologies ignore the expression and release of children's emotions and cannot effectively reduce children's emotional stress and fear. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for intervening pre-operative anxiety in preschool children, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Preliminary assessment: After the child is admitted to the hospital, a preliminary anxiety assessment is first conducted to understand the child's anxiety level and personality characteristics. Based on the assessment results, a preoperative visit time and a psychological counselor are scheduled;

[0007] S2. Preoperative education: Provide comprehensive education on anesthesia and surgery to parents, including surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, postoperative care, etc., and prepare personalized education materials, such as cartoons and animations, to explain the surgical process to children and reduce their fear;

[0008] S3. Preview experience: Arrange children and parents to go to the hospital for a virtual reality experience a few days before the operation. Through VR equipment, children can watch animations of the surgical process and understand the environment of the operating room. They can also use the portable VR equipment provided by the hospital at home every day to preview the surgery for 15-20 minutes to increase children's familiarity;

[0009] S4. Cognitive behavioral therapy: One week before the operation, the hospital provides games and storybooks with surgery-related themes to help children understand the surgical process through games and stories. Children are also required to perform 10 minutes of deep breathing, meditation or muscle relaxation training every day. The hospital can provide relevant video guidance, and parents can supervise the implementation at home.

[0010] S5. Parent participation and education: Two weeks before the operation, the hospital held a parent education meeting to explain the surgical process, preoperative preparation and postoperative care in detail, and teach parents how to comfort and support their children;

[0011] S6. Relieve anxiety: arrange 15 minutes of music time every day, play children's favorite music or provide simple instruments for children to participate in music creation, provide drawing tools and themes, encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings about the surgery through drawing, and parents can help children complete the work and discuss the content of the drawing with them;

[0012] S7. Medication-assisted intervention: On the day of surgery, the doctor will assess the child's anxiety level and, if necessary, use mild sedatives to help the child stay calm before surgery;

[0013] S8. Continuation of intervention after surgery: Regularly organize parent exchange meetings or lectures to share nursing experiences and insights, conduct regular follow-up and evaluation of children after surgery, understand their recovery status and changes in anxiety, and adjust the intervention plan in a timely manner.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0015] Furthermore, in S1, a preliminary assessment is conducted to understand the specific situation of each child and develop a personalized intervention plan to ensure the effectiveness and targeting of the intervention measures.

[0016] Furthermore, through comprehensive education in S2, parents and children can have a clear understanding of the surgical process, reduce anxiety caused by the unknown, and use age-appropriate educational materials to help children understand the surgical process, provide psychological support, and enhance their sense of security.

[0017] Furthermore, through VR experience in S3, children can get familiar with the surgical environment in advance and reduce their fear of unfamiliar environments. VR animation shows the surgical process to help children understand the surgical steps and reduce the unknown and anxiety about the surgery.

[0018] Furthermore, in S4, games and stories were used to help children gain a positive perception of surgery and reduce negative emotions, and relaxation training was used to teach children how to relieve anxiety and improve their ability to cope with surgical stress.

[0019] Furthermore, through education and training, S5 enables parents to effectively support and comfort their children, reduce children's preoperative anxiety, and through detailed educational materials and guidance, ensure that parents can properly cope with all aspects before, during and after surgery.

[0020] Furthermore, in S6, music and painting are used to give children the opportunity to express their emotions and relieve stress, providing a way to relax and express themselves. Parents participate in music and painting activities with their children to enhance parent-child communication and provide emotional support.

[0021] Furthermore, in S7, when other intervention methods are not sufficient to relieve anxiety, drug-assisted intervention is used to help children remain calm before surgery to ensure the smooth progress of the surgery. At the same time, the drug dosage is strictly controlled to ensure the safety of children while providing effective sedation.

[0022] Furthermore, regular communication and follow-up were performed in S8 to ensure that parents and children continued to receive support and guidance after surgery to promote comprehensive recovery. Based on the follow-up results, the intervention plan was adjusted in a timely manner to ensure the effectiveness and adaptability of the intervention measures.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] Customized treatment is provided for each child’s unique characteristics and needs, thereby improving the relevance and effectiveness of intervention. Preliminary assessments to determine the child’s anxiety level and personality traits can lead to personalized intervention plans, such as different intervention strategies for different age groups and personality types, which can more effectively reduce preoperative anxiety.

[0025] Comprehensive education in various forms, including cartoons, animations, and VR experiences, enables children and parents to fully understand the surgical process and environment, thereby reducing anxiety and fear caused by unknown factors. This type of education is not limited to verbal explanations, but also includes visualization and situational simulation, which can convey information more intuitively and vividly, and increase children's sense of participation and understanding.

[0026] Art therapy methods such as music and painting provide a way to express and release emotions, helping children effectively deal with preoperative anxiety and stress. Art activities such as music and painting can not only relieve anxiety, but also promote children's emotional expression and emotional regulation, and enhance their ability to cope with stress and difficulties.

[0027] Combining cognitive behavioral therapy, drug-assisted treatment and other intervention methods, we intervene in children's anxiety from different levels and angles. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps children change negative thinking patterns, and drug-assisted treatment provides temporary emotional regulation when necessary. This comprehensive intervention can more comprehensively reduce preoperative anxiety and improve children's surgical experience and postoperative recovery quality.

[0028] Through parent education meetings and exchange sessions, we educate and support parents on how to effectively support and comfort their children before, during and after surgery, and form an effective family support system. The active participation of parents can not only enhance children's sense of security and trust, but also reduce the tension in the family, which plays an important role in children's psychological recovery.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0031] In the attached picture:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1 As shown, the embodiments provided by the present invention are:

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Preliminary assessment: After the child is admitted to the hospital, a preliminary anxiety assessment is first conducted to understand the child's anxiety level and personality characteristics. Based on the assessment results, a preoperative visit time and a psychological counselor are scheduled. Through the preliminary assessment, the specific situation of each child is understood, and a personalized intervention plan is developed to ensure the effectiveness and pertinence of the intervention measures;

[0038] S2. Preoperative education: Provide comprehensive education on anesthesia and surgical knowledge to parents, including surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, postoperative care, etc., and prepare personalized educational materials, such as cartoons and animations, to explain the surgical process to children and reduce their fear. Through comprehensive education, parents and children can have a clear understanding of the surgical process and reduce anxiety caused by the unknown. Through age-appropriate educational materials, help children understand the surgical process, provide psychological support, and enhance their sense of security.

[0039] S3. Preview experience: A few days before the operation, arrange for children and parents to go to the hospital for a virtual reality experience. Through VR equipment, children can watch animations of the surgical process and understand the environment of the operating room. They can also use the portable VR equipment provided by the hospital at home every day to preview the surgery for 15-20 minutes to increase children's familiarity. Through the VR experience, children can get familiar with the surgical environment in advance and reduce their fear of unfamiliar environments. VR animations show the surgical process, helping children understand the surgical steps and reduce their uncertainty and anxiety about the surgery.

[0040] S4. Cognitive behavioral therapy: One week before the operation, the hospital provides games and storybooks with surgery-related themes to help children understand the surgical process through games and stories. Children are required to perform 10 minutes of deep breathing, meditation or muscle relaxation training every day. The hospital can provide relevant video guidance, and parents can supervise the implementation at home. Through games and stories, children can have a positive understanding of the surgery and reduce negative emotions. Through relaxation training, children are taught how to relieve anxiety and improve their ability to cope with surgical stress.

[0041] S5. Parent participation and education: Two weeks before the operation, the hospital held a parent education meeting to explain in detail the surgical process, preoperative preparation and postoperative care, and teach parents how to comfort and support their children. Through education and training, parents can effectively support and comfort their children and reduce children's preoperative anxiety. Through detailed educational materials and guidance, parents can be ensured to correctly deal with all aspects before, during and after the operation;

[0042] S6. Relieve anxiety: arrange 15 minutes of music time every day, play children's favorite music or provide simple musical instruments for children to participate in music creation, provide painting tools and themes, encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings about the surgery through painting, parents can help children complete their works and discuss the content of the painting with them, through music and painting, give children the opportunity to express their emotions and relieve stress, provide a way to relax and express, parents and children participate in music and painting activities together, enhance parent-child communication, and provide emotional support;

[0043] S7. Medication-assisted intervention: On the day of surgery, the doctor will assess the child's anxiety level and, if necessary, use mild sedatives to help the child stay calm before surgery. When other intervention methods are not enough to relieve anxiety, medication-assisted intervention will be used to help the child stay calm before surgery to ensure the smooth progress of the surgery. At the same time, the drug dosage will be strictly controlled to ensure that the child's safety is protected while providing effective sedation.

[0044] S8. Continuation of intervention after surgery: Regularly organize parent exchanges or lectures to share nursing experiences and insights, conduct regular follow-up and evaluation of children after surgery to understand their recovery status and changes in anxiety, and adjust the intervention plan in a timely manner. Through regular communication and follow-up, ensure that parents and children can continue to receive support and guidance after surgery to promote comprehensive recovery. According to the follow-up results, adjust the intervention plan in a timely manner to ensure the effectiveness and adaptability of the intervention measures.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Preliminary assessment:

[0048] Selection of assessment tools: Use professional child anxiety assessment scales, such as the Deauville Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) or the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (MYPAS), combined with clinical observation and parent interviews to comprehensively assess children's anxiety levels and personality characteristics.

[0049] Personalized plan development: Based on the assessment results, combined with factors such as the child’s interests, hobbies, and family environment, a tailored intervention plan can be developed. For example, for children who are particularly afraid of hospital environments, the number and content of virtual reality experiences can be increased.

[0050] Role of psychological counselor: A psychological counselor needs to have a background in child psychology, be able to establish a trusting relationship with children, and gain an in-depth understanding of children’s inner thoughts through interactive methods such as games and painting, thus providing a scientific basis for subsequent interventions.

[0051] S2. Preoperative education:

[0052] Deepening of parent education content: In addition to the basic knowledge of surgery and anesthesia, it is also necessary to emphasize the important role of parents in preoperative preparation, such as diet adjustment, emotional management, and sleep guarantee.

[0053] Personalized educational materials: Customize educational materials according to the children’s age and interests. For example, for children who like animals, you can design surgical story picture books with animals as the main characters; for technology fans, you can create an interactive surgical knowledge APP.

[0054] Interactive Q&A session: Set up a Q&A session during the education process to encourage parents and children to ask questions, increase interactivity and participation, and ensure that the information is accurately conveyed and understood.

[0055] S3, preview experience:

[0056] VR content design: VR content must highly simulate the real surgical environment, while maintaining bright colors and warm scenes, and avoiding overly scary or bloody scenes. Children’s favorite cartoon characters can be added as guides to increase fun and affinity.

[0057] Home VR Equipment Guidance: Provides detailed home VR equipment usage guidelines, including equipment settings, content selection, usage time control, etc., to ensure that parents can operate it proficiently and supervise children's use.

[0058] Feedback mechanism: Establish a feedback mechanism after the VR experience, encourage children and parents to share their experience, and adjust the VR content and experience method based on the feedback.

[0059] S4. Cognitive behavioral therapy:

[0060] Game and story design: The game and story should be closely related to the theme of surgery, and help children develop a positive understanding of surgery through plot design such as positive roles and problem solving. The game can be set with different difficulty levels to suit children of different ages and cognitive levels.

[0061] Relaxation training videos: Provide a variety of relaxation training videos for parents to choose from, including breathing exercises, meditation guidance, and muscle relaxation techniques suitable for different age groups. The videos should be short and easy to understand, so that parents can supervise and follow them at home.

[0062] Recording and feedback: It is recommended that parents record their children’s daily games, story reading, and relaxation training, and share them with their doctors or psychologists during follow-up visits so that the intervention plan can be adjusted in a timely manner.

[0063] S5. Parent Involvement and Education:

[0064] Forms of parent education meetings: Parent education meetings can adopt various forms such as lectures, group discussions, role-playing, etc. to improve parent participation and learning outcomes.

[0065] Practical exercises: set up practical exercises, such as simulating soothing a crying child and conducting simple relaxation training, to help parents master practical operation skills.

[0066] Resource sharing: Provide parents with relevant resource links such as books, websites, and apps to encourage parents to continue learning and self-improvement.

[0067] S6. Relieve anxiety:

[0068] Music selection: Choose songs or tracks based on children’s musical preferences. Make sure the music is positive, has a steady tempo, and helps them relax.

[0069] Drawing guidance: Provide a variety of drawing themes, such as "The operating room in my mind", "Happy time after surgery", etc., to encourage children to freely use their imagination to create.

[0070] Parent-child interaction: emphasizes the role of parents in accompanying and guiding children in the creative process, enhances parent-child communication through discussing the content of the painting, and faces the challenges of surgery together.

[0071] S7. Medication-assisted interventions:

[0072] Rigorous assessment: Before deciding to use drug-assisted intervention, a comprehensive physical and psychological assessment of the child is required to ensure the safety and necessity of drug use.

[0073] Dosage control: Strictly control the dosage and duration of medication to avoid excessive sedation or other adverse reactions. At the same time, closely monitor the child's reactions and changes during medication.

[0074] Personalized adjustment: According to the actual situation of the child and the drug reaction, timely adjust the type, dosage and use time of the drug to ensure the best intervention effect.

[0075] S8. Postoperative follow-up intervention:

[0076] Organization of exchange meetings and lectures: Regularly invite experts, medical staff and experienced parents to share their nursing experiences and insights, and provide parents with emotional support and information exchange platforms.

[0077] Follow-up and evaluation: Follow-up and evaluation are carried out in a variety of ways, such as telephone follow-up, outpatient follow-up, online questionnaires, etc., to ensure timely understanding of the child’s recovery status and changes in anxiety.

[0078] Dynamically adjust the intervention plan: According to the follow-up results and the actual needs of the children, dynamically adjust the content and form of the intervention plan to ensure the effectiveness and adaptability of the intervention measures. At the same time, encourage parents to actively participate in the formulation and adjustment of the intervention plan to enhance the role of the family in the rehabilitation process.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preliminary assessment: After the child is admitted to the hospital, a preliminary anxiety assessment is first conducted to understand the child's anxiety level and personality characteristics. Based on the assessment results, a preoperative visit time and a psychological counselor are scheduled; S2. Preoperative education: Provide comprehensive education on anesthesia and surgery to parents, including surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, postoperative care, etc., and prepare personalized education materials, such as cartoons and animations, to explain the surgical process to children and reduce their fear; S3. Preview experience: Arrange children and parents to go to the hospital for a virtual reality experience a few days before the operation. Through VR equipment, children can watch animations of the surgical process and understand the environment of the operating room. They can also use the portable VR equipment provided by the hospital at home every day to preview the surgery for 15-20 minutes to increase children's familiarity; S4. Cognitive behavioral therapy: One week before the operation, the hospital provides games and storybooks with surgery-related themes to help children understand the surgical process through games and stories. Children are also required to perform 10 minutes of deep breathing, meditation or muscle relaxation training every day. The hospital can provide relevant video guidance, and parents can supervise the implementation at home. S5. Parent participation and education: Two weeks before the operation, the hospital held a parent education meeting to explain the surgical process, preoperative preparation and postoperative care in detail, and teach parents how to comfort and support their children; S6. Relieve anxiety: arrange 15 minutes of music time every day, play children's favorite music or provide simple instruments for children to participate in music creation, provide drawing tools and themes, encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings about the surgery through drawing, and parents can help children complete the work and discuss the content of the drawing with them; S7. Medication-assisted intervention: On the day of surgery, the doctor will assess the child's anxiety level and, if necessary, use mild sedatives to help the child stay calm before surgery; S8. Continuation of intervention after surgery: Regularly organize parent exchange meetings or lectures to share nursing experiences and insights, conduct regular follow-up and evaluation of children after surgery, understand their recovery status and changes in anxiety, and adjust the intervention plan in a timely manner.

2. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, a preliminary assessment is conducted to understand the specific situation of each child, develop a personalized intervention plan, and ensure the effectiveness and pertinence of the intervention measures.

3. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through comprehensive education in S2, parents and children can have a clear understanding of the surgical process, reduce anxiety caused by the unknown, and use age-appropriate educational materials to help children understand the surgical process, provide psychological support, and enhance their sense of security.

4. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, VR experience is used to familiarize children with the surgical environment in advance and reduce their fear of unfamiliar environments. VR animation shows the surgical process to help children understand the surgical steps and reduce the unknown and anxiety about the surgery.

5. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, games and stories are used to help children gain a positive understanding of surgery and reduce negative emotions. Through relaxation training, children are taught how to relieve anxiety and improve their ability to cope with surgical stress.

6. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, education and training are used to enable parents to effectively support and comfort their children, reduce children's preoperative anxiety, and through detailed educational materials and guidance, ensure that parents can correctly cope with each stage before, during and after surgery.

7. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, music and painting are used to give children the opportunity to express their emotions and relieve stress, providing a way to relax and express themselves. Parents participate in music and painting activities with their children to enhance parent-child communication and provide emotional support.

8. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, when other intervention methods are not enough to relieve anxiety, drug-assisted intervention is used to help children stay calm before surgery and ensure the smooth progress of the surgery. At the same time, the drug dosage is strictly controlled to ensure the safety of children while providing effective sedation.

9. A method for intervening preoperative anxiety in preschool children according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S8, regular communication and follow-up are used to ensure that parents and children continue to receive support and guidance after surgery to promote comprehensive recovery. According to the follow-up results, the intervention plan is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure the effectiveness and adaptability of the intervention measures.

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