High-concentration foaming type water fire extinguishing additive and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high-concentration foaming type water additive and application thereof. The high-concentration foaming type water additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-10% of a fluorocarbon surfactant, 30-40% of a foaming agent, 5-7% of a penetrant, 5-10% of a flame retardant, 5-10% of glass beads, 5-15% of an anti-freezing agent, 1-3% of a cosolvent, 0.1-2% of a pH regulator and the balance of water, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is selected from a fluorocarbon surfactant containing a group of CF3CF2CF2 (CF3) 2. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the fluorocarbon surfactant. Through the synergistic effect of all the components, the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved, the influence on the environment is reduced, green and environment-friendly effects are achieved, the high-concentration foaming type water additive is dissolved in water, fire extinguishing agents with different concentrations are prepared, and the high-concentration foaming type water additive can be suitable for six different types of fire disasters and can also be used for fire fighting vehicle and electric vehicle shed fire extinguishing systems; the excellent fire extinguishing effect can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, in particular to a highly concentrated foaming water additive and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fires are divided into six categories: A, B, C, D, E, and F according to the type of combustible materials and combustion characteristics. In daily life, different types of fires are usually extinguished with different types of fire extinguishers. Currently, most fire extinguishers use fluorocarbon-containing dry powder fire extinguishers.

[0003] The most commonly used fluorocarbon-containing dry powder fire extinguishers currently include perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) with different hydrophobic chain lengths, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with different hydrophobic chain lengths, and their derivatives. However, due to the super stability of long-chain fluorocarbon alkyl groups, PFOS / PFOA-type fluorocarbon surfactants have biological toxicity, bioaccumulation, and environmental mobility, and have been listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention. Therefore, the research and development of alternative fire extinguishing agents that do not contain PFOS / PFOA-type fluorocarbon surfactants is of great significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a highly concentrated foaming water additive and its application, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology while achieving efficient fire extinguishing by selecting a non-toxic fluorocarbon surfactant and compounding other additives.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, which comprises, by mass fraction, 5-10% of a fluorocarbon surfactant, 30-40% of a foaming agent, 5-7% of a penetrant, 5-10% of a flame retardant, 5-10% of glass microspheres, 5-15% of an antifreeze agent, 1-3% of a cosolvent, 0.1-2% of a pH regulator, and the remainder of water;

[0009] Wherein, the fluorocarbon surfactant is selected from fluorocarbon surfactants containing CF3CF2CF2(CF3)2 groups.

[0010] Preferably, the fluorocarbon surfactant containing CF3CF2CF2(CF3)2 groups is selected from at least one of N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide, N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylamine inner salt, N,N-dimethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylammonium oxide or N,N-dimethyl-3-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]propylammonium oxide.

[0011] Preferably, the foaming agent is selected from at least one of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate.

[0012] Preferably, the penetrant is selected from at least one of sodium secondary alkyl sulfate, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium alkyl succinate.

[0013] Preferably, the flame retardant is selected from at least one of phosphamidon flame retardants or water-soluble inorganic environmentally friendly flame retardants.

[0014] Preferably, the particle size of the glass microbeads is 10 to 135 μm.

[0015] Preferably, the antifreeze agent is selected from ethylene glycol or glycerol;

[0016] The cosolvent is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether or ethylene glycol ethyl ether;

[0017] The pH regulator is selected from at least one of triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, ammonia water and ethylenediamine.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire extinguishing agent for Class A fires, comprising, by mass fraction, 0.1-0.5% of a fire extinguishing additive and 99.5-99.9% of water, wherein the inactivating additive is selected from the above-mentioned highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive.

[0019] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire extinguishing agent for class B, C, and F fires, which comprises, by mass fraction, 1% of a fire extinguishing additive and 99% of water, wherein the fire extinguishing additive is selected from the above-mentioned highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire extinguishing agent for class D and E fires, comprising, by mass fraction, 3-6% of a fire extinguishing additive and 94-97% of water, wherein the fire extinguishing additive is selected from the above-mentioned highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive.

[0021] (III) Beneficial effects

[0022] The present invention provides a highly concentrated foaming water additive and its application, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) This scheme provides a highly concentrated foaming water additive. The fluorocarbon surfactant containing CF3CF2CF2 (CF3)2 groups can effectively enhance the surface activity, thermal stability and wettability of the foam, so that water and foaming agent can quickly generate carbon dioxide gas to form rich foam. By adding glass microbeads, a heat insulation layer can be provided for the generated foam, so that the foam will not break quickly at high temperatures, thereby extending the life of the foam. The addition of a penetrant can enhance the penetration ability of the foam. The synergistic effect of the components not only improves the fire extinguishing efficiency, but also reduces the impact on the environment, thereby achieving green environmental protection.

[0024] (2) The present invention provides an application of a highly concentrated foaming water additive, which is dissolved in water to form a fire extinguishing agent of different concentrations. The highly concentrated foaming water additive can be applied to six different types of fires and can also be used in fire fighting vehicles and electric vehicle carport fire extinguishing systems, and can achieve excellent fire extinguishing effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to better illustrate the content of the present invention, a detailed description is given below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0028] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 6% N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide;

[0029] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0030] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0031] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0032] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0033] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0034] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0035] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0036] 24.5% water.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0039] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 6% N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylamine inner salt;

[0040] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0041] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0042] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0043] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0044] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0045] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0046] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0047] 24.5% water.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0050] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 6% N,N-dimethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylammonium oxide;

[0051] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0052] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0053] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0054] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0055] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0056] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0057] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0058] 24.5% water.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0061] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 6% N,N-dimethyl-3-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]propylammonium oxide;

[0062] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0063] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0064] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0065] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0066] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0067] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0068] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0069] 24.5% water.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0072] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 5% N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide;

[0073] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0074] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0075] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0076] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0077] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0078] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0079] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0080] 25.5% water.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0083] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 8% N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide;

[0084] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0085] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0086] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0087] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0088] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0089] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0090] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0091] 22.5% water.

[0092] Example 7

[0093] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0094] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 10% N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide;

[0095] Foaming agent: 35% sodium carbonate;

[0096] Penetrant: 6% sodium secondary alkyl sulfate;

[0097] Flame retardant: 8% phosphamidon flame retardant;

[0098] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 100 μm;

[0099] Antifreeze: 10% ethylene glycol;

[0100] Cosolvent: 2% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0101] pH adjuster: 0.5% triethanolamine;

[0102] 20.5% water.

[0103] Example 8

[0104] A highly concentrated foaming water-based fire extinguishing additive, the components of which, by mass fraction, include:

[0105] Fluorocarbon surfactant: 6% N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide;

[0106] Foaming agent: 38% sodium bicarbonate;

[0107] Penetrant: 7% sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate;

[0108] Flame retardant: 8% water-soluble inorganic environmentally friendly flame retardant;

[0109] Glass beads: 8% glass beads with a particle size of 120 μm;

[0110] Antifreeze: 10% glycerol;

[0111] Cosolvent: 2% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0112] pH adjuster: 0.5% ammonia water;

[0113] 20.5% water.

[0114] The highly concentrated foamable water-based fire extinguishing additives prepared in Examples 1 to 8 were added to water to prepare fire extinguishing agents with a concentration of 0.3% for Class A fires, fire extinguishing agents with a concentration of 1% for Class B, C, and F fires, and fire extinguishing agents with a concentration of 4% for Class D and E fires. The fire extinguishing performance of the above fire extinguishing agents was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] According to the data in Table 1, the highly concentrated foamable water-based fire extinguishing additive provided by the present invention is respectively made into fire extinguishing agents for six types of fires, and has excellent foaming multiples, and the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent meets the standard of GB15308-2006, the fire extinguishing time is ≤3min, and even the fire extinguishing time of the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is ≤2min, and the anti-burning time is greater than 12min, which has excellent fire extinguishing effect. In addition, the use of the fire extinguishing agent is green and environmentally friendly, reducing the impact on the environment.

[0119] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, it includes 5-10% fluorocarbon surfactant, 30-40% foaming agent, 5-7% penetrant, 5-10% flame retardant, 5-10% glass microsphere, 5-15% antifreeze agent, 1-3% cosolvent, 0.1-2% pH regulator and the balance water; Wherein, the fluorocarbon surfactant is selected from fluorocarbon surfactants containing CF3CF2CF2(CF3)2 groups.

2. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorocarbon surfactant containing CF3CF2CF2(CF3)2 groups is selected from at least one of N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)ethylamide]ethylamine iodide, N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylamine inner salt, N,N-dimethyl-2-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]ethylammonium oxide or N,N-dimethyl-3-[2-(perfluoro-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)acetamido]propylammonium oxide.

3. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is selected from at least one of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate.

4. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The penetrant is selected from at least one of sodium secondary alkyl sulfate, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium alkyl succinate.

5. The highly concentrated foamable water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant is selected from at least one of phosphamidon flame retardants or water-soluble inorganic environmentally friendly flame retardants.

6. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the glass microbeads is 10 to 135 μm.

7. A highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent is selected from ethylene glycol or glycerol; The cosolvent is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether or ethylene glycol ethyl ether; The pH regulator is selected from at least one of triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, ammonia water and ethylenediamine.

8. A fire extinguishing agent for Class A fires, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, it comprises 0.1-0.5% of fire extinguishing additive and 99.5-99.9% of water, wherein the inactivating additive is selected from the highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A fire extinguishing agent for class B, C, and F fires, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, it comprises 1% of a fire extinguishing additive and 99% of water, wherein the fire extinguishing additive is selected from the highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A fire extinguishing agent for class D and E fires, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing additive comprises 3-6% of a fire extinguishing additive and 94-97% of water by mass, wherein the fire extinguishing additive is selected from the highly concentrated foaming water fire extinguishing additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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