Metal 3D printing nozzle device and printer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. The metal 3D printing spray head device comprises an extrusion component, and the extrusion component comprises a crucible and a spray head connected to the discharging end of the crucible; the magnetic heating part is arranged on the outer side of the crucible in a sleeving mode and used for heating the metal wire in the crucible, so that the metal wire is molten and extruded out of the spray head; the feeding part is arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion part and used for feeding the metal wires to the crucible; the extrusion part further comprises a throat pipe, the feeding end of the throat pipe is communicated with the feeding part, and the other end of the throat pipe extends into the crucible; and the heat dissipation block sleeves the throat pipe and is used for dissipating heat of the throat pipe. The metal wire in the crucible can be heated through the magnetic heating component, a pure metal component is directly formed in a low-cost heating mode, the printing difficulty and cost are reduced, and the strength of a printed part is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular relates to a metal 3D printing nozzle device and a printer. Background Art

[0002] The current metal fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology uses filaments made of a plastic substrate into which metal particles are uniformly injected. The metal filaments used to print metal parts must contain a high proportion of metal powder (about 80%) and must undergo post-processing such as degreasing and sintering to remove the plastic component to obtain the metal parts. However, it requires mixing the metal resin before printing, and post-processing such as degreasing and sintering is required, so the strength of the parts is relatively low.

[0003] Therefore, a metal 3D printing nozzle device and a printer are provided. In the absence of a laser and without mixing plastic in metal particles, pure metal parts can be directly formed by low-cost heating. The parts do not need to go through complex process flows such as degreasing and sintering, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of printing and improving the strength of printed parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a metal 3D printing nozzle device and a printer, which can heat the metal wire in the crucible through a magnetic heating component, and directly form pure metal parts through a low-cost heating method, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of printing and improving the strength of printed parts.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a metal 3D printing nozzle device is provided, comprising:

[0007] An extrusion component, comprising a crucible and a nozzle connected to a discharge end of the crucible;

[0008] A magnetic heating component is sleeved and arranged outside the crucible, and is used to heat the metal wire in the crucible so that the metal wire is melted and extruded from the nozzle;

[0009] A feeding component is arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion component, and is used to feed the metal wire to the crucible.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the extrusion component further includes:

[0011] A throat pipe, wherein a feeding end of the throat pipe is connected to the feeding component, and the other end of the throat pipe extends into the crucible;

[0012] A heat dissipation block is sleeved on the throat pipe and is used for dissipating heat from the throat pipe.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the connection between the crucible and the throat is configured as a stepped connection port.

[0014] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0015] A fixing plate is arranged on the surface of the heat sink block away from the crucible, the crucible is connected to the fixing plate, and the fixing plate can transfer heat with the heat sink block so that the heat of the heat sink block is transferred to the fixing plate;

[0016] A first heat sink is disposed on the fixing plate and is used for dissipating heat from the fixing plate.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the magnetic heating component includes:

[0018] An induction heating coil, sleeved on the outside of the crucible, for heating the metal wire in the crucible;

[0019] An induction heating mainboard, electrically connected to the induction heating coil to control the output state of the induction heating coil;

[0020] The protection box is used to accommodate and fix the induction heating mainboard and is connected to the extrusion component.

[0021] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0022] A second radiator, disposed on the protection box, and used for dissipating heat from the induction heating mainboard;

[0023] A cooling member includes a circulating liquid pipeline, and the circulating liquid pipeline is arranged on the induction heating mainboard to dissipate heat from the induction heating mainboard through the refrigerant in the circulating liquid pipeline.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the feeding component includes:

[0025] An extrusion head connected to the crucible via a connecting piece;

[0026] A driving member is connected to the extrusion head and is used to drive the extrusion head to transport the metal wire to the crucible.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged in a vacuum environment.

[0028] In a second aspect, a printer is provided, comprising:

[0029] The metal 3D printing nozzle device as described above;

[0030] A frame, the interior of which is set to a vacuum environment;

[0031] A driving assembly, arranged on the frame, comprising a first driving mechanism capable of moving along the X-axis direction, a second driving mechanism capable of moving along the Y-axis direction, and a third driving mechanism capable of moving along the Z-axis direction, wherein the metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged on the first driving mechanism;

[0032] The printing platform is arranged on the third driving mechanism, and the projection of the metal 3D printing nozzle device in the vertical direction can at least partially overlap with the printing platform through the movement of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the first driving mechanism is arranged on the second driving mechanism, so that the second driving mechanism can drive the first driving mechanism to move along the Y-axis direction.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0035] The metal wire is fed into the crucible of the extrusion component through the feeding component, and then the metal wire in the crucible is heated by the magnetic heating component, so that pure metal parts can be directly formed by low-cost heating methods, reducing printing difficulty and cost and improving the strength of printed parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a printer;

[0038] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the sprinkler device;

[0039] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a magnetic heating component;

[0040] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a drive assembly;

[0041] Figure 5 A three-dimensional image of the vacuum frame.

[0042] Among them, 1. extrusion component; 101. crucible; 102. nozzle; 103. throat; 104. heat sink; 105. crucible fixing frame; 2. magnetic heating component; 201. induction heating coil; 202. induction heating main board; 203. protection box; 204. support rod; 3. feeding component; 301. extrusion head; 302. driving component; 303. extrusion motor fixing frame; 304. motor fixing frame; 4. fixing plate; 5. first radiator; 6. second radiator; 7. cooling component; 701. liquid inlet pipe; 702. liquid outlet pipe; 703. pump body; 8. frame; 9. driving component; 901. first driving mechanism; 9011. X-axis guide rail; 9012. X-axis stepper Motor; 9013, X-axis timing belt; 9014, X-axis rolling wheel; 9015, X-axis slider; 902, second driving mechanism; 9021, Y-axis guide rail; 9022, Y-axis stepper motor; 9023, Y-axis timing belt; 9024, Y-axis rolling wheel; 9025, Y-axis slider; 903, third driving mechanism; 9031, Z-axis stepper motor; 9032, Z-axis guide rail; 9033, coupling; 9034, lead screw; 9035, nut; 9036, Z-axis slider; 9037, Z-axis slide bar; 9038, Z-axis slider fixing block; 10, printing platform; 11, feeding mechanism; 12, printing platform fixing block; 13, part base; 14, vacuum frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] The current metal fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology uses filaments made of a plastic substrate into which metal particles are uniformly injected. The metal filaments used to print metal parts must contain a high proportion of metal powder (about 80%) and must undergo post-processing such as degreasing and sintering to remove the plastic component to obtain the metal parts. However, this also requires that the metal resin must be mixed before printing, and post-processing operations such as degreasing and sintering are complicated. In addition, degreasing and sintering also result in lower overall part strength.

[0046] For the above problems, refer to Figure 1-Figure 4, a metal 3D printing nozzle device is provided, including an extrusion component 1, the extrusion component 1 is used to extrude materials, the extrusion component 1 specifically includes a crucible 101 and a nozzle 102 connected to the discharge end of the crucible 101, and a magnetic heating component 2 is sleeved and arranged outside the crucible 101, and the temperature in the crucible 101 is raised by magnetic heating, so that the magnetic heating component 2 heats the metal wire in the crucible 101, so that the metal wire is melted into a fluid state and extruded by the nozzle 102. At the same time, a feeding component 3 is also provided, and the feeding component 3 is provided at the feed end of the extrusion component 1, and the discharge end of the feeding component 3 is connected to the feed end of the extrusion component 1. Under the action of the feeding component 3, the pure metal wire enters the crucible 101 from the feed end of the extrusion component 1 to be heated and melted.

[0047] Under the above setting, the magnetic heating component 2 and the crucible 101 are used in combination to achieve low-cost heating of the metal wire. At the same time, the metal wire does not contain plastic materials. After the metal parts are printed, there is no need to further degrease and sinter the metal parts, which reduces the printing difficulty and improves the strength of the printed metal parts.

[0048] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , and also includes a feeding mechanism 11, which is arranged at the feeding end of the feeding component 3. The feeding mechanism 11 includes a rotatable winding shaft, on which the metal wire to be used is wound. When the feeding component 3 conveys the metal wire to the crucible 101, the winding shaft rotates accordingly to ensure normal conveying of the metal wire.

[0049] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 The extrusion component 1 further includes a throat 103, the feeding end of the throat 103 is connected to the feeding component 3, and the other end of the throat 103 extends into the crucible 101. The throat 103 is a slender tubular structure, and its interior is hollow for the metal wire to pass through and enter the crucible 101. It can be understood that the function of the throat 103 is to connect the path between the crucible 101 and the feeding component 3, and to limit the metal wire on the path, so that the metal wire supplied by the feeding component 3 enters the crucible 101 through the guidance of the throat 103, so as to avoid insufficient supply of metal wire to the crucible 101 due to problems such as misalignment or bending of the metal wire.

[0050] At the same time, when the metal wire in the crucible 101 is heated by the magnetic heating component 2, considering the problem of heat loss at the crucible 101, it is easy to cause heat to be transferred toward the throat 103, so that the temperature of the throat 103 is too high, causing the metal wire to melt during the movement in the throat 103. Therefore, a heat sink 104 is also provided. The heat sink 104 is used to dissipate heat from the throat 103, so that the metal wire before entering the crucible 101 remains in an unmelted state.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the heat sink 104 is one or more of a columnar structure, a plate structure, and a block structure. Taking the heat sink 104 as a columnar structure as an example, the heat sink 104 is sleeved and covered on the throat 103, and the heat sink 104 has a cavity inside, and a coolant is stored in the cavity. The crucible 101 and the throat 103 transfer heat to the heat sink 104, and then use the coolant in the cavity to transfer heat to the outer surface of the heat sink 104, and dissipate heat through the outer surface of the heat sink 104. Alternatively, taking the heat sink 104 as a columnar structure as an example, the heat sink 104 is sleeved and covered on the throat 103, and the heat sink 104 has a cavity inside, and a coolant is stored in the cavity. The coolant has a circulation pipeline so that the coolant in the cavity can circulate. The crucible 101 and the throat 103 transfer heat to the heat sink 104, and the heat sink 104 transfers heat to the coolant. The heat of the heat sink 104 is taken away by the circulation of the coolant to achieve a heat dissipation effect.

[0052] The heat sink 104 is preferably but not limited to be made of beryllium copper material that is easy to dissipate heat, so that the heat sink 104 itself has a better heat dissipation effect. Under some working conditions, effective heat dissipation can be achieved by relying solely on the heat sink 104.

[0053] In a feasible embodiment, the connection between the crucible 101 and the throat 103 is set as a stepped connection port, which can increase the contact area between the crucible 101 and the throat 103, thereby improving the strength and stability of the connection. This helps to prevent the connection from breaking or leaking under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure. And the design of the stepped connection port makes the installation and disassembly between the crucible 101 and the throat 103 more convenient. Connection or separation can be achieved through simple plug-in or rotation actions, which improves work efficiency. In addition, the stepped connection port is usually used in conjunction with sealing elements such as sealing rings, which can effectively prevent liquid leakage at the connection, which is particularly important for processing environments that need to maintain high vacuum or high purity.

[0054] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2, further comprising a fixing plate 4, which is arranged on the face of the heat sink 104 away from the crucible 101, a crucible fixing frame 105 is fixed on the crucible 101, and the crucible fixing frame 105 is connected and fixed to the fixing plate 4 by bolts, thereby realizing the connection between the crucible 101 and the fixing plate 4. When the crucible 101 is heated, the heat lost by the crucible 101 is transferred to the fixing plate 4 by the bolts, so the first radiator 5 is arranged on the fixing plate 4, which is used to dissipate the heat of the fixing plate 4, and the first radiator 5 is preferably a high-power heat dissipation fan, which realizes air cooling and heat dissipation of the fixing plate 4. The fixing plate 4 can transfer heat with the heat sink 104, so that part of the heat of the heat sink 104 is transferred to the fixing plate 4, and finally the heat on the fixing plate 4 is taken away by the heat dissipation fan, and the temperature of the fixing plate 4 is reduced to avoid the excessive temperature of the throat 103 causing the metal wire to melt during the movement of the throat 103.

[0055] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 The magnetic heating component 2 includes an induction heating coil 201, which is sleeved on the outside of the crucible 101 and used to heat the metal wire in the crucible 101. The induction heating coil 201 is a copper tube, which is installed on the induction heating mainboard 202. The induction heating mainboard 202 is electrically connected to the induction heating coil 201 to control the output state of the induction heating coil 201, wherein the output state is whether the induction heating coil 201 is powered on or off, and the power supply size. The protection box 203 is used to accommodate and fix the induction heating mainboard 202, and is connected to the extrusion component 1. At least one support rod 204 is fixed on the protection box 203, for example, two support rods 204 extend out of the protection box 203, and the other end of the support rod 204 is connected and fixed to the fixing plate 4. The magnetic heating component 2 is indirectly connected to the crucible 101 to achieve synchronous movement.

[0056] It should be noted that the overall length of the crucible 101 cannot be too long, otherwise the heating power will increase; the overall length of the crucible 101 cannot be too short, otherwise the number of turns of the induction heating coil 201 will be limited, thereby affecting the output power.

[0057] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 During the use of the magnetic heating component 2, the temperature of the induction heating mainboard 202 is too high, which may easily lead to the inability to work normally. Therefore, a second radiator 6 is also included. The second radiator 6 is arranged on the protection box 203. The heat of the induction heating mainboard 202 is transferred to the protection box 203. The second radiator 6 indirectly dissipates heat for the induction heating mainboard 202 by dissipating heat to the protection box 203. The second radiator 6 is preferably a cooling fan.

[0058] In order to further dissipate the heat of the induction heating main board 202, a cooling member 7 is also included. The cooling member 7 includes a circulating liquid pipeline, which is arranged on the induction heating main board 202 to dissipate the heat of the induction heating main board 202 through the refrigerant in the circulating liquid pipeline. Specifically, the circulating liquid pipeline includes an inlet pipe 701 and an outlet pipe 702. A flow channel is provided in the hollow interior of the induction heating coil 201. One end of the inlet pipe 701 is connected to the inlet end of the flow channel of the induction heating coil 201, and one end of the outlet pipe 702 is connected to the outlet end of the flow channel of the induction heating coil 201. The pump body 703 is provided on the inlet pipe 701 or the outlet pipe 702. The pump body 703 drives the refrigerant to flow in the circulating liquid pipeline, which can take away the heat of the induction heating main board 202, so that the induction heating main board 202 can work normally.

[0059] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 The feeding component 3 includes an extrusion head 301, which is connected to the crucible 101 through a connecting piece. The extrusion head 301 has a gear transmission structure inside, and the metal wire is fed into the crucible 101 by the extrusion friction between the gear and the metal wire. The connecting piece connects the crucible 101 and the extrusion head 301. Specifically, the connecting piece includes an extrusion motor fixing frame 303, which is arranged on the side of the fixing plate 4 away from the crucible 101. The extrusion motor fixing frame 303 is fixed to the fixing plate 4, and also includes a motor fixing frame 304, which is fixed on the extrusion motor fixing frame 303. The extrusion head 301 and the driving member 302 are both connected to the motor fixing frame 304, wherein the driving member 302 is connected to the extrusion head 301 in a transmission connection. The driving member 302 is a stepping motor or a power output device with a driving function, so as to drive the extrusion head 301 to feed the metal wire to the crucible 101.

[0060] In a feasible implementation, the metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged in a vacuum environment. During the printing process, the extrusion component 1, the magnetic heating component 2, and the feeding component 3 are arranged in a cover space, and the cover space is evacuated and filled with inert gas to prevent metal oxidation.

[0061] A printer, referring to Figure 1 , including the metal 3D printing nozzle device as described above; a frame 8, the interior of which is set as a vacuum environment; a driving assembly 9, which is arranged on the frame 8, and the driving assembly 9 includes a first driving mechanism 901 that can move along the X-axis direction, a second driving mechanism 902 that can move along the Y-axis direction, and a third driving mechanism 903 that can move along the Z-axis direction. The metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged on the first driving mechanism 901; a printing platform 10, which is arranged on the third driving mechanism 903, and the projection of the metal 3D printing nozzle device in the vertical direction can be at least partially overlapped with the printing platform 10 through the movement of the first driving mechanism 901 and the second driving mechanism 902.

[0062] In a feasible implementation manner, the first driving mechanism 901 is disposed on the second driving mechanism 902 , so that the second driving mechanism 902 can drive the first driving mechanism 901 to move along the Y-axis direction.

[0063] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The frame 8 is formed of an aluminum profile to form a main frame. The frame 8 is arranged in the vacuum outer frame 14. The frame 8 has four vertically arranged legs. The third driving mechanism 903 includes a Z-axis stepper motor 9031 fixed to the frame 8. Each leg is connected to a Z-axis guide rail 9032. The Z-axis stepper motor 9031 is connected to a lead screw 9034 through a coupling 9033. A nut 9035 is installed on the lead screw 9034. A Z-axis slider 9036 is mounted on the Z-axis guide rail 9032. A Z-axis slide bar 9037 is fixed to the Z-axis slider 9036. The printing platform 10 is connected to the printing platform 10 through the printing platform 10. The platform fixing block 12 is fixed on the Z-axis slide bar 9037, and the nut 9035 is connected to the Z-axis slide bar 9036 through the Z-axis slide bar fixing block 9038. Through the action between the lead screw 9034 and the nut 9035, the rotational motion of the Z-axis stepper motor 9031 is converted into the lifting motion of the printing platform 10, wherein the printing platform fixing block 12 can be lightweight and supported by four legs; wherein screw holes are arranged on the printing platform 10 from the center to the periphery, which is convenient for assembling and disassembling the part base 13 before and after printing, and the part base 13 is used as the base plate for printing metal parts.

[0064] The second driving mechanism 902 includes a pair of Y-axis guide rails 9021 fixed on the top of the legs, and each of the two legs corresponds to one Y-axis guide rail 9021. A Y-axis stepper motor 9022 is fixed on the legs as a power source. The Y-axis stepper motor 9022 drives the Y-axis synchronous belt 9023 and the Y-axis rolling wheel 9024 to transmit motion. Two Y-axis sliders 9025 are installed between the two Y-axis guide rails 9021. The Y-axis slider 9025 is connected to the Y-axis synchronous belt 9023 and moves in the Y-axis direction under the drive of the Y-axis stepper motor 9022.

[0065] The first driving mechanism 901 includes a pair of X-axis guide rails 9011 installed on two Y-axis sliders 9025, and an X-axis stepper motor 9012 is installed on one of the Y-axis sliders 9025. The X-axis stepper motor 9012 drives the X-axis slider 9015 installed between the pair of X-axis guide rails 9011 to move along the X-axis direction through the X-axis synchronous belt 9013 and the X-axis rolling wheel 9014. The above-mentioned metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged on the X-axis slider 9015.

[0066] In a specific printing process, the host computer is connected to the printer main board through the USB serial port and is connected to the TFT display screen through the SPI interface. The printer main board is equipped with heating, extrusion, motion and other modules. First, the heating module is equipped with extrusion component 1 heating and hot bed heating. The hot bed heating lead is connected to the printing platform 10. The printing platform 10 is equipped with a thermocouple to control the hot bed temperature; the extrusion head is connected to the high-frequency induction heater through a relay, and the temperature control of the high-frequency induction heater is connected to the MAX6675 module through a thermocouple to control the induction heating temperature; the three axes are equipped with a total of 4 motors, including two Z axes, and the feeding component 3 is equipped with a motor, which is directly inserted into the main board through the TMC2209 driver; each of the three axes is equipped with a limit switch; the entire device is equipped with two fans, one for heat dissipation of the induction heating main board 202, and one for heat dissipation of the throat 103.

[0067] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A metal 3D printing nozzle device, characterized in that: include: An extrusion component (1) comprises a crucible (101) and a nozzle (102) connected to a discharge end of the crucible (101); a magnetic heating component (2) which is sleeved and arranged outside the crucible (101) and is used to heat the metal wire in the crucible (101) so that the metal wire is melted and extruded from the nozzle (102); A feeding component (3) is arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion component (1), and the feeding component (3) is used to feed the metal wire material to the crucible (101).

2. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion component (1) further comprises: A throat (103), wherein a feeding end of the throat (103) is connected to the feeding component (3), and the other end of the throat (103) extends into the crucible (101); A heat dissipation block (104) is sleeved on the throat pipe (103) and is used to dissipate heat from the throat pipe (103).

3. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection between the crucible (101) and the throat (103) is arranged as a stepped connection port.

4. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a fixing plate (4) arranged on a surface of the heat dissipation block (104) away from the crucible (101), the crucible (101) being connected to the fixing plate (4), and the fixing plate (4) being capable of heat transfer with the heat dissipation block (104), so that the heat of the heat dissipation block (104) is transferred to the fixing plate (4); A first radiator (5) is arranged on the fixing plate (4) and is used to dissipate heat from the fixing plate (4).

5. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic heating component (2) comprises: An induction heating coil (201) is sleeved on the outside of the crucible (101) and is used to heat the metal wire in the crucible (101); An induction heating mainboard (202) electrically connected to the induction heating coil (201) to control the output state of the induction heating coil (201); The protection box (203) is used to accommodate and fix the induction heating mainboard (202) and is connected to the extrusion component (1).

6. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A second radiator (6) is arranged on the protection box (203), and the second radiator (6) is used to dissipate heat from the induction heating mainboard (202); A cooling element (7), the cooling element (7) comprising a circulating liquid pipeline, the circulating liquid pipeline being arranged on the induction heating mainboard (202) so as to dissipate heat from the induction heating mainboard (202) through a refrigerant in the circulating liquid pipeline.

7. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding component (3) comprises: An extrusion head (301) connected to the crucible (101) via a connecting piece; A driving member (302) is drivingly connected to the extrusion head (301) and is used to drive the extrusion head (301) to transport the metal wire to the crucible (101).

8. The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal 3D printing nozzle device is arranged in a vacuum environment.

9. A printer, characterized in that: include: The metal 3D printing nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A frame (8), the interior of which is set to be a vacuum environment; A driving assembly (9) is arranged on the frame (8), the driving assembly (9) comprising a first driving mechanism (901) capable of moving along the X-axis direction, a second driving mechanism (902) capable of moving along the Y-axis direction, and a third driving mechanism (903) capable of moving along the Z-axis direction, the metal 3D printing nozzle device being arranged on the first driving mechanism (901); The printing platform (10) is arranged on the third driving mechanism (903), and the projection of the metal 3D printing nozzle device in the vertical direction can at least partially overlap with the printing platform (10) through the movement of the first driving mechanism (901) and the second driving mechanism (902).

10. The printer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism (901) is arranged on the second driving mechanism (902) so that the second driving mechanism (902) can drive the first driving mechanism (901) to move along the Y-axis direction.

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