Clamp for ultra-precision machining of thin-wall light window parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machine tool machining, in particular to a thin-wall light window type part ultra-precision machining clamp which comprises a positioning pin, a supporting disc, a supporting seat, a clamp base, a clamp pressing plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is used for being connected with a machining machine tool spindle or a machining rotary table, and the clamp pressing plate is arranged on the clamp base in a pressed mode. The clamp base and the clamp pressing plate are fixed to the bottom plate, and the multiple supporting bases are rotationally installed on the clamp base. The positioning pins are provided with ball heads, and the multiple positioning pins are installed on the supporting base and used for positioning and clamping the thin-wall light window type parts. The supporting disc is used for being placed on the lower surface of the thin-wall light window type part during machining so as to support the thin-wall light window type part. The clamp for ultra-precision machining of the thin-wall light window part aims at solving the problem that the relative position precision of two faces is low when the two faces of the thin-wall part are machined and clamped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machine tool processing, and in particular to a fixture for ultra-precision processing of thin-walled light window parts. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing functional integration of modern military equipment, the optical systems of detection, imaging, aiming, etc. of aviation and airborne weapons need to further improve the imaging resolution, expand the field of view, improve the imaging quality, and increase the detection distance, while the requirements for system weight and volume continue to decrease. Traditional processing machine tools can no longer meet the requirements of weapons and equipment for advanced optical systems. The parts of these optical systems require ultra-precision processing machine tools for processing.

[0003] Thin-walled optical window parts have high precision requirements, are generally thin, and are easily deformed during clamping; the materials are often hard and brittle or soft and brittle translucent materials, which are prone to defects such as edge collapse at the clamping point. In order to achieve excellent optical performance, the two surfaces are often aspherical surfaces, and the position error accuracy between the two surfaces is required to be at the micron level, the surface shape accuracy of each surface is generally required to be at the submicron level, and the surface roughness is required to be at the nanometer level. Since the manufacture of these precision optical parts can only adopt the processing technology of single-point diamond turning, its equipment is completely dependent on ultra-precision machining machines. In view of the above-mentioned characteristics of thin-walled optical components such as easy deformation, brittleness, and high precision, special thin-walled parts fixtures must be used to achieve this.

[0004] Therefore, the inventor provides a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts, which solves the technical problem of low relative position accuracy of two surfaces during double-sided machining and clamping of thin-walled parts.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] The present invention provides a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, comprising a locating pin, a supporting plate, a supporting seat, a fixture base, a fixture pressure plate and a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is used to be connected to a processing machine tool spindle or a processing turntable, the fixture pressure plate is pressed on the fixture base, the fixture base and the fixture pressure plate are both fixed on the bottom plate, and a plurality of the supporting seats are rotatably mounted on the fixture base; the locating pin is a locating pin with a ball head, a plurality of the locating pins are mounted on the supporting seat and are used to position and clamp thin-walled optical window parts; wherein the supporting plate is placed on the lower surface of the thin-walled optical window part to support the thin-walled optical window part during machining.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning pin includes a positioning ball head, a centering optical axis and a fixing part. The positioning ball head and the fixing part are respectively installed at both ends of the centering optical axis. The positioning ball head is adapted to the ball socket of the thin-walled optical window part and is used for clamping and positioning. The centering optical axis is used for centering, and the fixing part is coaxial with the centering optical axis and is installed on the support seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts also includes a vibration-damping block, which is installed in the mounting hole of the support plate and is used for flexibly contacting the thin-walled optical window parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the plurality of vibration isolation blocks are distributed in a circular array.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibration isolation block is cylindrical.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts also includes a rotating shaft pin, both ends of which are respectively connected to the support seat and the fixture base, and each of the support seats rotates through the corresponding rotating shaft pin.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotation shaft hole and a positioning hole are provided on the support seat, the positioning pin is threadedly connected to the positioning hole, and the rotation shaft pin is passed through the rotation shaft hole to drive the support seat to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning hole includes a light hole and a threaded hole that are interconnected, the light hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0016] Furthermore, a locking hole is provided on the support seat, and a fastener is passed through the locking hole and is used to eliminate the shaft hole matching clearance between the positioning pin and the support seat.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixture base, the fixture pressure plate and the bottom plate are all annular structures.

[0018] (3) Beneficial effects

[0019] In summary, the present invention is connected to the processing machine tool spindle or processing turntable through a base plate, the fixture base and the fixture pressure plate are fixed on the base plate, and the support seat is fixed on the fixture base, which is used for positioning and clamping thin-walled light window parts; during processing, the support plate located below the thin-walled light window parts supports the thin-walled light window parts to reduce the deformation caused by the cutting force during processing. After the upper surface of the thin-walled light window parts is processed, the base plate is disengaged from the processing machine, and the support plate is installed above the processed upper surface. The fixture is flipped over and fixed to the base plate, and the base plate is connected and fixed to the processing machine tool spindle or processing turntable to process the lower surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled light window component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural front view of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA surface section view in;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB surface section view in;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The CC section view in the figure;

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 DD plane section view in;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 EE section view in;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a top view of the structure of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 HH plane cross-sectional view;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning pin of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 This is a structural axial view of a support seat of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 This is a structural front view of a support seat of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.13 yes Fig.12Sectional view of surface II in FIG.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of a support plate of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixture base of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamp pressure plate of a clamp for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a base plate of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 1-locating pin; 101-locating ball head; 102-centering optical axis; 103-fixing part; 2-support plate; 3-support seat; 301-rotating shaft hole; 302-locating hole; 303-locking hole; 4-clamp base; 5-clamp pressure plate; 6-bottom plate; 7-vibration isolation block; 8-rotating shaft pin; 9-first fastener; 10-second fastener; 11-third fastener; 12-fourth fastener; 13-fifth fastener; 100-thin-walled optical window parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and covers any modification, replacement and improvement of parts, components and connection modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the present invention are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. These are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 2 to 9 The fixture may include a positioning pin 1, a support plate 2, a support seat 3, a fixture base 4, a fixture pressure plate 5 and a bottom plate 6. The bottom plate 6 is used to connect with the main shaft of the processing machine tool or the processing turntable. The fixture pressure plate 5 is pressed on the fixture base 4. The fixture base 4 and the fixture pressure plate 5 are fixed on the bottom plate 6. Multiple support seats 3 are rotatably installed on the fixture base 4. The positioning pin 1 is a positioning pin with a ball head. Multiple positioning pins 1 are installed on the support seat 3 and are used to position and clamp the thin-walled light window parts 100. The support plate 2 is placed on the lower surface of the thin-walled light window parts 100 during processing to support the thin-walled light window parts 100.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the structure of the thin-walled window component 100 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, both its upper and lower surfaces are aspherical surfaces, designed according to the optical system, and a ball-socket structure a is provided on its positioning surface for clamping and positioning when processing the upper and lower surfaces b. The measurement and alignment reference during processing is the reference surface c, which is used for positioning and alignment during multiple processing. When the clamping angle posture of the thin-walled window parts 100 needs to be adjusted, loosen the screws, and use the screw tightening force to rotate all the support seats 3. The tightening state is controlled by the tightening force of the positioning pin 1. After the tightening is completed, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, each support seat 3 is fixed by a first fastener 9 (specifically, a screw) installed in the fixture base 7. Figure 3 As shown, the fixture base 4 is fixed to the base plate 6 by a second fastener 10 (screws may be used), and the base plate 6 is connected to the main shaft of the processing machine tool or the processing turntable by a third fastener 11 (screws may be used). Fig. 9 As shown, the clamp plate 5 is fixed to the base plate 6 by a fifth fastener 13 (screws may be used). The gap between each support seat 3 and the corresponding positioning pin 1 is eliminated by screws, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the corresponding positioning pin 1 is fixed and prevented from loosening by using a fourth fastener 12 (a locking nut may be used).

[0046] During processing, two surfaces can be processed by clamping at one time. It is assumed here that the parts are placed horizontally, so the processing surfaces are the upper and lower surfaces. When processing the upper surface of the thin-walled window parts 100 first, a support plate 2 is installed below the thin-walled window parts 100 to support the processing of the thin-walled window parts 100 and reduce the deformation caused by the cutting force during processing; after the processing of the upper surface of the thin-walled window parts 100 is completed, the bottom plate 6 is disconnected from the processing machine, and the support plate 2 is installed on the upper surface of the thin-walled window parts 100, and the integral component composed of the fixture base 4, the fixture pressure plate 5 and the thin-walled window parts 100 is turned upside down, and then the integral component is fixed to the bottom plate 6, and then the bottom plate 6 is connected and fixed to the main shaft of the processing machine or the processing turntable, and then the other surface of the thin-walled window parts 100 can be processed.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the fixture base 4, the fixture pressure plate 5 and the bottom plate 6 are all annular structures, and the annular structure can be easily processed.

[0048] As an optional implementation, Fig.10 As shown, the locating pin 1 includes a locating ball head 101, a centering optical axis 102 and a fixing portion 103. The locating ball head 101 and the fixing portion 103 are respectively installed at two ends of the centering optical axis 102. The locating ball head 101 is compatible with the ball socket of the thin-walled optical window part 100 and is used for clamping and positioning. The centering optical axis 102 is used for centering. The fixing portion 103 is coaxial with the centering optical axis 102 and is installed on the support seat 3. The centering optical axis 102 and the fixing portion 103 are threadedly connected to the inner cavity.

[0049] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts also includes a vibration-damping block 7, which is installed in the mounting hole of the support plate 2 and is used to flexibly contact the thin-walled optical window parts 100. In addition, the vibration-damping block 7 can suppress the vibration generated by the cutting force during the machining process. Furthermore, a plurality of vibration-damping blocks 7 are distributed in a circular array, and the vibration-damping blocks 7 are cylindrical. The vibration-damping blocks 7 distributed in a circular array can ensure the overall vibration-damping effect of the fixture, and the cylindrical structure is convenient for machining and installation.

[0050] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled window parts also includes a rotating shaft pin 8, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the support seat 3 and the fixture base 4, and each support seat 3 rotates on the upper end surface of the fixture base 4 through the corresponding rotating shaft pin 8.

[0051] As an optional implementation, Figures 11 to 13As shown, the support seat 3 is provided with a rotating shaft hole 301 and a positioning hole 302, the positioning pin 1 is threadedly connected to the positioning hole 302, and the rotating shaft pin 8 is inserted into the rotating shaft hole 301 to drive the support seat 3 to rotate. Among them, the positioning hole 302 includes a light hole and a threaded hole that are interconnected, the light hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin 1 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. Furthermore, the support seat 3 is also provided with a locking hole 303, and a fastener is inserted into the locking hole 303 and is used to eliminate the shaft hole matching clearance between the positioning pin 1 and the support seat 3.

[0052] It should be clear that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the figures. In addition, for the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods and technologies is omitted here.

[0053] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not limited to the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a positioning pin (1), a support plate (2), a support seat (3), a fixture base (4), a fixture pressure plate (5) and a bottom plate (6); the bottom plate (6) is used to be connected to a main shaft of a processing machine tool or a processing turntable; the fixture pressure plate (5) is pressed on the fixture base (4); the fixture base (4) and the fixture pressure plate (5) are both fixed on the bottom plate (6); a plurality of the support seats (3) are rotatably mounted on the fixture base (4); the positioning pin (1) is a positioning pin with a ball head; a plurality of the positioning pins (1) are mounted on the support seat (3) and are used to position and clamp thin-walled light window parts (100); wherein the support plate (2) is placed on the lower surface of the thin-walled light window parts (100) during processing to support the thin-walled light window parts (100).

2. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning pin (1) comprises a positioning ball head (101), a centering optical axis (102) and a fixing portion (103); the positioning ball head (101) and the fixing portion (103) are respectively mounted on two ends of the centering optical axis (102); the positioning ball head (101) is matched with a ball socket of the thin-walled optical window part (100) and is used for clamping and positioning; the centering optical axis (102) is used for centering; and the fixing portion (103) is coaxial with the centering optical axis (102) and is mounted on the support seat (3).

3. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a vibration-damping block (7), which is installed in a mounting hole of the support plate (2) and is used to flexibly contact the thin-walled light window component (100).

4. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The plurality of vibration isolation blocks (7) are distributed in a circular array.

5. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The vibration isolation block (7) is cylindrical.

6. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a rotating shaft pin (8), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the support seat (3) and the clamp base (4), and each support seat (3) rotates via the corresponding rotating shaft pin (8).

7. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (3) is provided with a rotating shaft hole (301) and a positioning hole (302), the positioning pin (1) is threadedly connected to the positioning hole (302), and the rotating shaft pin (8) is passed through the rotating shaft hole (301) to drive the support seat (3) to rotate.

8. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning hole (302) comprises a light hole and a threaded hole which are interconnected, the light hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin (1) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

9. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The support seat (3) is also provided with a locking hole (303), and a fastener is passed through the locking hole (303) and is used to eliminate the shaft hole matching clearance between the positioning pin (1) and the support seat (3).

10. The ultra-precision machining fixture for thin-walled window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp base (4), the clamp pressure plate (5) and the bottom plate (6) are all annular structures.

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