Automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment for tool replacement. The machining equipment includes a base frame, a two-axis displacement module, a CNC tool machine, a transverse movement platform, a loading and unloading mechanism, a tool changing mechanism and a control chassis. The loading and unloading mechanism includes a base platform, a conveyor belt and a flipping mechanism. The flipping mechanism includes a bottom frame and a top platform. The tool changing mechanism includes a side frame and a cutter disc mechanism. The base frame is fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module, the transverse movement platform and the control chassis. The CNC tool machine and the side frames are fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module. The bottom frame is fixedly connected to the transverse movement platform. The bottom frame contacts the top platform. The bottom platform is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt and the top platform. The loading and unloading mechanism and the tool changing mechanism are connected to the control chassis through electrical signals. The present invention relates to the technical field of CNC machining equipment. The present invention can automatically load and unload workpieces, recognize contours to complete adaptive positioning and clamping of special-shaped workpieces, switch machining tools to complete different machining processes, and flip the workpiece to complete machining of each side of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control processing equipment, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading numerical control processing equipment with tool replacement. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of industrial production and increasingly fierce market competition, higher requirements are being placed on product production efficiency and quality. Automated production has become an important means of improving production efficiency and product quality, and CNC machining equipment is one of the key devices for achieving automated production. Based on digital control technology, CNC machining equipment can automatically drive the machine tool's coordinate axes for precise movement according to machining programs pre-programmed and stored in the CNC system, achieving automated machining of workpieces. Throughout the entire machining process, no real-time human intervention is required. This not only greatly improves production efficiency and effectively shortens product production cycles, but also significantly reduces the impact of human factors such as operational errors and fatigue on machining quality, thereby ensuring stable and consistent product quality.

[0003] Sister tools are sets of tools with identical or similar geometry and dimensions, used to perform similar machining tasks. They are extremely common in current CNC machining applications. With the accelerating pace of production and the increasing demands for machining precision and efficiency, there is a pressing need to optimize the on-demand accessibility of sister tools. Furthermore, to further enhance the automation and production efficiency of CNC machining equipment, the simultaneous integration of automated workpiece loading and unloading, self-positioning clamping, and automated flipping functions is crucial. The effective integration of these functions will help build more efficient and intelligent CNC machining production lines, driving the manufacturing industry towards a high-end, intelligent future. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment for tool replacement includes a base frame, a two-axis displacement module, a CNC tool machine, a transverse platform, a loading and unloading mechanism, a tool changing mechanism and a control chassis, the loading and unloading mechanism includes a base, a conveyor belt and a flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism includes a bottom frame and a top platform, the tool changing mechanism includes a side frame and a tool disc mechanism, the base frame is fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module, the transverse platform and the control chassis, the CNC tool machine and the side frames are fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module, the bottom frame is fixedly connected to the transverse platform, the bottom frame is in contact with the top platform, the bottom platform is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt and the top platform, the loading and unloading mechanism and the tool changing mechanism are connected to the control chassis through electrical signals.

[0006] The present invention relates to a vertical machine tool for performing CNC machining on a workpiece. The workpiece is transported to a machining station via a conveyor belt, the contour of the workpiece is identified by visual inspection, the contour of the workpiece corresponding to the clamping point is analyzed by data, and it is determined whether it is an obtuse angle or an acute angle, and an electrical signal is sent to a control chassis. The control chassis integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the clamping mechanism, and the opening and closing angles of the clamping jaws are adjusted to adapt to the contour of the workpiece, thereby completing the adaptive positioning and clamping of the workpiece. The CNC tool machine is driven by a two-axis displacement module to displace in the x-axis and z-axis planes, and the transverse platform drives the workpiece to displace in the x-axis and y-axis planes in cooperation with each other to complete the CNC machining of the workpiece. The sister tool can be switched by the tool changing mechanism to switch the CNC machining process, and the clamped workpiece can be driven to perform a four-axis degree of freedom flip by the flipping mechanism, and the machining of any side of the workpiece can be completed in cooperation with the CNC tool machine.

[0007] Furthermore, the loading and unloading mechanism also includes a visual inspection module, a closing mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The flipping mechanism also includes a limiter and a first motor. The closing mechanism also includes a ring table and an assembly frame. The ring table and the visual inspection module are fixedly connected to the top table. The clamping mechanism is provided with several groups, and several groups of clamping mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring table. The clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to the assembly frame. The clamping mechanism includes a third motor. The visual inspection module is connected to the limiter, the first motor and the third motor through electrical signals.

[0008] The workpiece is transported to the processing station by a conveyor belt. The visual inspection module identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, analyzes the data of the workpiece contour corresponding to the clamping point, determines whether it is an obtuse angle or an acute angle, and sends an electrical signal to the control chassis. The control chassis integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the third motor, adjusts the opening and closing angle of the clamp to adapt to the workpiece contour, and the closing mechanism contracts to complete the adaptive positioning and clamping of the workpiece. The control chassis sends an electrical signal to the limiter and the first motor to control the direction of the four-axis flipping of the clamped workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the flipping mechanism also includes a cross frame and a universal connecting rod group. The bottom frame is provided with a column slot, and the top platform is provided with a rotating column. There are four groups of column slots, rotating columns and limiters. The four groups of column slots, rotating columns and limiters are evenly distributed along the rectangle of the bottom frame. The rotating columns are in contact with the column slots and limiters. The cross frame and the limiter are fixedly connected to the bottom frame. The universal connecting rod group is hinged to the cross frame and the top platform. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the universal connecting rod group.

[0010] When the side of the workpiece needs to be processed, the control chassis sends an electrical signal to the limiter. A group of limiters on the opposite side of the workpiece that needs to be processed contacts the rotating column, and the other three groups of limiters do not contact the rotating column. The first motor outputs torque to the universal connecting rod group, and a group of rotating columns on the opposite side of the processing side rotates in the column groove. The universal connecting rod group supports the top platform to ninety degrees, and the processing side rotates to the top. At the same time, the transverse platform drives the overall displacement of the loading and unloading mechanism to ensure that the workpiece is in the processing position.

[0011] Furthermore, the closing mechanism also includes a rack, a gear column, an inner gear ring and a second motor. The ring table is provided with a slide groove and an annular groove. The slide groove, rack, gear column and assembly frame are provided in several groups. Several groups of slide grooves, racks, gear columns and assembly frames are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring table. The rack is slidably connected to the slide groove, the inner gear ring is slidably connected to the annular groove, the gear column and the rack and the inner gear ring are all engaged with the tooth surfaces, the second motor is fixedly connected to the ring table, a group of gear columns are fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, the gear column is rotatably connected to the ring table, and the clamping mechanism also includes a frame, and the assembly frame is fixedly connected to the rack and the frame.

[0012] After the inspection module recognizes the outline of the workpiece, the second motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to a group of gear columns. The gear columns rotate on the ring table, and the torque is transmitted through the engagement of the tooth surfaces between the gear columns and the rack. The rack slides along the center of the slide groove toward the center of the ring table. A group of gear columns fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor engages with the tooth surface of the inner gear ring. Several groups of gear columns evenly distributed around the circumference transmit torque through engagement with the tooth surface of the inner gear ring. Several racks evenly distributed around the circumference slide synchronously in the slide groove toward the center of the circle. The rack drives the clamping mechanism to close toward the center of the circle through the assembly frame, completing the self-positioning clamping of the workpiece.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism also includes a slide, a spring and an articulated claw. The slide is slidably connected to the frame, the spring is fixedly connected to the frame and the slide, the articulated claw is movably connected to the slide, the third motor is fixedly connected to the slide, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the articulated claw.

[0014] The visual inspection module identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, and the control chassis integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the third motor. The third motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to the articulated jaw. The articulated jaw adjusts the degree of opening and closing to adapt to the edge angle of the workpiece. The rack drives the articulated jaw to close toward the center of the circle. The workpiece pushes the slide to slide along the frame to squeeze the spring, completing the adaptive positioning and clamping of the special-shaped workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, the tool changing mechanism also includes a switching mechanism, the cutter disc mechanism includes a side plate, a fourth motor and a cutter disc wheel, the switching mechanism includes a tripod, a servo motor, a servo cylinder and a switching frame, a slide rail is provided on the side frame, the side plate is slidably connected to the slide rail, the tripod is fixedly connected to the side frame, the cutter disc wheel is in contact with the switching frame, and the fourth motor, servo motor and servo cylinder are all connected to the control chassis through electrical signals.

[0016] The tool changing operation of the CNC cutting machine is completed through the cooperation of the cutter disc mechanism and the switching mechanism. When the fourth motor outputs torque to rotate the cutter disc wheel to switch the required cutter head, the servo motor rotates the switching frame so that the two ends of the switching frame respectively clamp the cutter head on the cutter disc wheel and the cutter head on the CNC cutting machine. Then the servo cylinder pushes the switching frame downward to remove the cutter heads on both sides. The servo motor continues to rotate the switching frame 180 degrees, and the servo cylinder drives the switching frame to reset, exchanging the cutter head on the cutter disc wheel with the cutter head on the CNC cutting machine.

[0017] Furthermore, the cutter disc mechanism also includes an assembly plate, a ratchet and a pawl. The fourth motor and the assembly plate are fixedly connected to the side plate. The ratchet is rotationally connected to the assembly plate. The ratchet is fixedly connected to the cutter disc wheel. The output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the pawl, and the ratchet is in contact with the pawl.

[0018] The fourth motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to the pawl, and the pawl transmits the torque to the ratchet. Through the cooperation between the pawl and the ratchet, the fixed-axis torque of the pawl is converted into an interval rotation of the ratchet. When the switching frame rotates 180 degrees, the ratchet rotates at intervals to avoid collision and interference with the switching frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the switching mechanism also includes a hexagonal column and a sleeve. The servo motor and servo cylinder are fixedly connected to the tripod. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the hexagonal column. The sleeve is slidingly connected to the hexagonal column. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the switching frame. The output end of the servo cylinder is connected to the sleeve through a belt drive.

[0020] The servo motor outputs fixed-axis torque to the hexagonal column, which transmits torque to the sleeve through the hexagonal column. The sleeve drives the switching frame to rotate one circle. While the switching frame rotates, the output end of the servo cylinder pushes the sleeve to move up and down along the hexagonal column through the belt drive assembly. The sleeve drives the switching frame to rotate and move back and forth at the same time, completing the replacement of the cutter head on the cutter wheel and the cutter head on the CNC cutting machine.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention designs a loading and unloading mechanism, the workpiece is transported to the processing station, the visual inspection module identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, and classifies and plans the position of the contact point between different types of special-shaped workpieces and the clamping jaws for data analysis, and judges whether the contact point position is an obtuse angle or an acute angle by approximately dividing the contact edge into multiple straight lines. When the workpiece contact edge is an acute angle, if the degree of opening and closing of the articulated jaws is too large, the articulated jaws on both sides cannot contact the edge of the workpiece. When the workpiece edge is an obtuse angle, if the degree of opening and closing of the articulated jaws is too small, the two contact points of the two side jaws on the obtuse angle arc surface are too close, and the force direction of the two contact points for contacting the entire obtuse angle edge and the obtuse angle surface are not sufficient to form a stable triangular clamp, resulting in unstable clamping. The control chassis integrates the electrical signal feedback to the third motor, and the articulated jaws adjust the degree of opening and closing to adapt to the edge angle of the workpiece; the present invention designs a closing mechanism, and the second motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to a group of gear columns, and the gear columns and The tooth surfaces between the racks mesh to transmit torque, and several circumferentially evenly distributed racks slide synchronously in the slide groove toward the center of the circle, the clamping mechanism closes toward the center of the circle, and the workpiece pushes the slide to slide along the frame to squeeze the spring, thereby completing the adaptive positioning and clamping of the special-shaped workpiece; the present invention designs a flipping mechanism, when it is necessary to process the side of the workpiece, the control chassis sends an electrical signal to the limiter, a group of limiters on the opposite side of the workpiece to be processed contacts the rotating column, and the other three groups of limiters do not contact the rotating column, the first motor outputs torque to the universal connecting rod group, and a group of rotating columns on the opposite side of the processing side rotates in the column groove, the universal connecting rod group supports the top platform to ninety degrees, and the processing side rotates to the top, and at the same time the transverse platform drives the overall displacement of the loading and unloading mechanism to ensure that the workpiece is in the processing station; the present invention automatically loads and unloads the workpiece, identifies the workpiece contour to complete the adaptive positioning and clamping of the special-shaped workpiece, and completes different processing processes by switching the processing tool, and can automatically flip the workpiece to complete the processing of different sides of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading and unloading mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the closing mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the tool changing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the cutter head mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the switching mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Base frame; 2. Two-axis displacement module; 3. CNC cutting machine; 4. Transverse platform; 5. Loading and unloading mechanism; 51. Base; 52. Conveyor belt; 53. Inspection module; 54. Turning mechanism; 541. Bottom frame; 5411. Column groove; 542. Stopper; 543. Transverse frame; 544. Universal connecting rod assembly; 545. First motor; 546. Top platform; 5461. Rotating column; 55. Closing mechanism; 551. Ring platform; 5511. Slide groove; 5512. Ring groove; 552. Rack; 553. Gear column; 554. Inner gear ring; 555. Second motor ;556, assembly frame; 56, clamping mechanism; 561, frame; 562, slide; 563, spring; 564, articulated clamp; 565, third motor; 6, tool changing mechanism; 61, side frame; 611, slide rail; 62, cutter disc mechanism; 621, side plate; 622, fourth motor; 623, assembly plate; 624, ratchet; 625, cutter disc wheel; 626, pawl; 63, switching mechanism; 631, tripod; 632, servo motor; 633, hexagonal column; 634, sleeve; 635, servo cylinder; 636, switching frame; 7, control chassis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution of automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment for tool replacement, including a base frame 1, a two-axis displacement module 2, a CNC tool machine 3, a transverse platform 4, a loading and unloading mechanism 5, a tool changing mechanism 6 and a control chassis 7. The loading and unloading mechanism 5 includes a base 51, a conveyor belt 52 and a flipping mechanism 54. The flipping mechanism 54 includes a bottom frame 541 and a top platform 546. The tool changing mechanism 6 includes a side frame 61 and a tool disc mechanism 62. The base frame 1 is fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module 2, the transverse platform 4 and the control chassis 7. The CNC tool machine 3 and the side frame 61 are fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module 2. The bottom frame 541 is fixedly connected to the transverse platform 4. The bottom frame 541 is in contact with the top platform 546. The bottom platform 51 is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 52 and the top platform 546. The loading and unloading mechanism 5 and the tool changing mechanism 6 are connected to the control chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0033] The present invention is a vertical machine tool for performing CNC machining on a workpiece. The workpiece is transported to a machining station via a conveyor belt 52. The contour of the workpiece is identified by visual inspection. The contour of the workpiece corresponding to the clamping point is analyzed by data to determine whether it is an obtuse angle or an acute angle. An electrical signal is sent to a control chassis 7. The control chassis 7 integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to a clamping mechanism 56. The opening and closing angles of the clamping jaws are adjusted to match the contour of the workpiece, thereby completing the adaptive positioning and clamping of the workpiece. The two-axis displacement module 2 drives the CNC tool machine 3 to displace in the x-axis and z-axis planes, and the transverse platform 4 drives the workpiece to displace in the x-axis and y-axis planes in cooperation with each other to complete the CNC machining of the workpiece. The sister tool can be switched by the tool changing mechanism 6 to switch the CNC machining process. The clamped workpiece can be driven to perform a four-axis degree of freedom flip by the flipping mechanism 54, and the CNC tool machine 3 can be used to complete the machining of any side of the workpiece.

[0034] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the loading and unloading mechanism 5 also includes a visual inspection module 53, a closing mechanism 55 and a clamping mechanism 56. The flipping mechanism 54 also includes a limiter 542 and a first motor 545. The closing mechanism 55 also includes a ring table 551 and an assembly frame 556. The ring table 551 and the visual inspection module 53 are fixedly connected to the top table 546. The clamping mechanism 56 is provided with several groups, and the several groups of clamping mechanisms 56 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring table 551. The clamping mechanism 56 is fixedly connected to the assembly frame 556. The clamping mechanism 56 includes a third motor 565. The visual inspection module 53 is connected to the limiter 542, the first motor 545 and the third motor 565 through electrical signals.

[0035] The workpiece is transported to the processing station by the conveyor belt 52. The visual inspection module 53 identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, analyzes the data of the workpiece contour corresponding to the clamping point, determines whether it is an obtuse angle or an acute angle, and sends an electrical signal to the control chassis 7. The control chassis 7 integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the third motor 565, adjusts the opening and closing angle of the clamp to adapt to the workpiece contour, and the closing mechanism 55 contracts to complete the adaptive positioning and clamping of the workpiece. The control chassis 7 sends an electrical signal to the limiter 542 and the first motor 545 to control the direction of the four-axis flipping of the clamped workpiece.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, the flipping mechanism 54 also includes a cross frame 543 and a universal connecting rod group 544. A column groove 5411 is provided on the bottom frame 541, and a rotating column 5461 is provided on the top platform 546. There are four groups of column grooves 5411, rotating columns 5461 and limiters 542. The four groups of column grooves 5411, rotating columns 5461 and limiters 542 are evenly distributed along the rectangular shape of the bottom frame 541. The rotating columns 5461 are in contact with the column grooves 5411 and the limiters 542. The cross frame 543 and the limiter 542 are fixedly connected to the bottom frame 541. The universal connecting rod group 544 is hinged to the cross frame 543 and the top platform 546. The output end of the first motor 545 is fixedly connected to the universal connecting rod group 544.

[0037] When the side of the workpiece needs to be processed, the control box 7 sends an electrical signal to the limiter 542. A group of limiters 542 opposite to the side of the workpiece that needs to be processed contacts the rotating column 5461, and the other three groups of limiters 542 do not contact the rotating column 5461. The first motor 545 outputs torque to the universal connecting rod group 544. A group of rotating columns 5461 opposite to the processing side rotates in the column groove 5411. The universal connecting rod group 544 supports the top platform 546 to ninety degrees, and the processing side rotates to the top. At the same time, the transverse platform 4 drives the loading and unloading mechanism 5 to move as a whole to ensure that the workpiece is in the processing position.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the closing mechanism 55 also includes a rack 552, a gear column 553, an inner gear ring 554 and a second motor 555. A slide 5511 and an annular groove 5512 are provided on the ring platform 551. The slide 5511, the rack 552, the gear column 553 and the assembly frame 556 are provided in several groups. The groups of slides 5511, the rack 552, the gear column 553 and the assembly frame 556 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring platform 551. The rack 552 and the slide 551 are evenly distributed. 1 is slidably connected, the inner gear ring 554 is slidably connected to the annular groove 5512, the toothed column 553 is meshed with the toothed surfaces of the rack 552 and the inner gear ring 554, the second motor 555 is fixedly connected to the ring platform 551, a group of geared columns 553 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 555, the geared columns 553 are rotatably connected to the ring platform 551, the clamping mechanism 56 further includes a frame 561, and the assembly frame 556 is fixedly connected to the rack 552 and the frame 561.

[0039] After the inspection module 53 has identified the outline of the workpiece, the second motor 555 outputs a fixed-axis torque to a group of gear columns 553. The gear columns 553 rotate on the ring table 551, and the torque is transmitted through the meshing of the tooth surfaces between the gear columns 553 and the rack 552. The rack 552 slides along the center of the slide groove 5511 toward the center of the ring table 551. A group of gear columns 553 fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 555 meshes with the tooth surface of the inner gear ring 554. The torque is transmitted between several groups of gear columns 553 evenly distributed on the circumference through the meshing of the tooth surfaces with the inner gear ring 554. Several racks 552 evenly distributed on the circumference slide synchronously toward the center of the circle in the slide groove 5511. The rack 552 drives the clamping mechanism 56 to close toward the center of the circle through the assembly frame 556, completing the self-positioning clamping of the workpiece.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the clamping mechanism 56 also includes a slide 562, a spring 563 and an articulated jaw 564. The slide 562 is slidably connected to the frame 561, the spring 563 is fixedly connected to the frame 561 and the slide 562, the articulated jaw 564 is movably connected to the slide 562, the third motor 565 is fixedly connected to the slide 562, and the output end of the third motor 565 is fixedly connected to the articulated jaw 564.

[0041] The visual inspection module 53 identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, and the control chassis 7 integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the third motor 565. The third motor 565 outputs a fixed-axis torque to the articulated jaw 564. The articulated jaw 564 adjusts the degree of opening and closing to adapt to the edge angle of the workpiece. The rack 552 drives the articulated jaw 564 to close toward the center of the circle, completing the self-positioning clamping of the workpiece. The workpiece pushes the slide 562 to slide along the frame 561 to squeeze the spring 563, completing the adaptive positioning clamping of the special-shaped workpiece.

[0042] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the tool changing mechanism 6 also includes a switching mechanism 63, the cutter disc mechanism 62 includes a side plate 621, a fourth motor 622 and a cutter disc wheel 625, the switching mechanism 63 includes a tripod 631, a servo motor 632, a servo cylinder 635 and a switching frame 636, a slide rail 611 is provided on the side frame 61, the side plate 621 is slidably connected to the slide rail 611, the tripod 631 is fixedly connected to the side frame 61, the cutter disc wheel 625 is in contact with the switching frame 636, and the fourth motor 622, the servo motor 632 and the servo cylinder 635 are all connected to the control chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0043] The tool changing operation of the CNC cutting machine 3 is completed through the cooperation of the cutter disc mechanism 62 and the switching mechanism 63. When the fourth motor 622 outputs torque to rotate the cutter disc wheel 625 to switch the required cutter head, the servo motor 632 rotates the switching frame 636 so that the two ends of the switching frame 636 respectively clamp the cutter head on the cutter disc wheel 625 and the cutter head on the CNC cutting machine 3. Then the servo cylinder 635 pushes the switching frame 636 downward to remove the cutter heads on both sides. The servo motor 632 continues to rotate the switching frame 636 one hundred and eighty degrees, and the servo cylinder 635 drives the switching frame 636 to reset, exchanging the cutter head on the cutter disc wheel 625 with the cutter head on the CNC cutting machine 3.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the cutter disc mechanism 62 also includes an assembly plate 623, a ratchet 624 and a pawl 626. The fourth motor 622 and the assembly plate 623 are fixedly connected to the side plate 621. The ratchet 624 is rotationally connected to the assembly plate 623. The ratchet 624 is fixedly connected to the cutter disc wheel 625. The output end of the fourth motor 622 is fixedly connected to the pawl 626, and the ratchet 624 is in contact with the pawl 626.

[0045] The fourth motor 622 outputs a fixed-axis torque to the pawl 626, and the pawl 626 transmits the torque to the ratchet 624. Through the cooperation between the pawl 626 and the ratchet 624, the fixed-axis torque of the pawl 626 is converted into an interval rotation of the ratchet 624. When the switching frame 636 rotates one hundred and eighty degrees, the ratchet 624 rotates at intervals to avoid collision and interference with the switching frame 636.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the switching mechanism 63 also includes a hexagonal column 633 and a sleeve 634. The servo motor 632 and the servo cylinder 635 are both fixedly connected to the tripod 631. The output end of the servo motor 632 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal column 633. The sleeve 634 is slidingly connected to the hexagonal column 633. The sleeve 634 is fixedly connected to the switching frame 636. The output end of the servo cylinder 635 is connected to the sleeve 634 via a belt drive.

[0047] The servo motor 632 outputs a fixed-axis torque to the hexagonal column 633, which transmits the torque to the sleeve 634 through the hexagonal column 633. The sleeve 634 drives the switching frame 636 to rotate one circle. While the switching frame 636 rotates, the output end of the servo cylinder 635 pushes the sleeve 634 to move up and down along the hexagonal column 633 through the belt drive assembly. The sleeve 634 drives the switching frame 636 to rotate and move back and forth at the same time, completing the replacement of the tool head on the cutter wheel 625 and the tool head on the CNC tool machine 3.

[0048] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the workpiece is transported to the processing station by the conveyor belt 52, the visual inspection module 53 identifies the contour shape of the workpiece, analyzes the contour of the workpiece corresponding to the clamping point, determines whether it is an obtuse angle or an acute angle, and sends an electrical signal to the control box 7. The control box 7 integrates the electrical signal and feeds it back to the third motor 565. The third motor 565 outputs a fixed axis torque to the articulated clamp 564. The articulated clamp 564 adjusts the degree of opening and closing to adapt to the edge angle of the workpiece. The second motor 555 outputs a fixed axis torque to a A group of gear columns 553 rotate on the ring table 551, and the torque is transmitted through the meshing of the tooth surfaces between the gear columns 553 and the rack 552. The rack 552 slides along the center of the slide groove 5511 toward the center of the ring table 551. A group of gear columns 553 fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 555 meshes with the tooth surface of the inner gear ring 554. Several racks 552 evenly distributed around the circumference slide synchronously in the slide groove 5511 toward the center of the circle. The workpiece pushes the slide 562 to slide along the frame 561 to squeeze the spring 563. Pairs of special-shaped workpieces are adaptively positioned and clamped. The two-axis displacement module 2 drives the CNC tool machine 3 to move in the x-axis and z-axis planes, and the transverse platform 4 drives the workpiece to move in the x-axis and y-axis planes to cooperate with each other to complete the CNC machining of the workpiece. The sister tool can be switched through the tool changing mechanism 6 to switch the CNC machining process. When the side of the workpiece needs to be machined, the control box 7 sends an electrical signal to the limiter 542. A group of limiters 542 on the opposite side of the workpiece that needs to be machined contacts the rotating column 5461, and the other three groups The limiter 542 does not contact the rotating column 5461, and the first motor 545 outputs torque to the universal connecting rod group 544. A group of rotating columns 5461 opposite to the processing side rotate in the column groove 5411. The universal connecting rod group 544 supports the top platform 546 to ninety degrees, and the processing side is rotated to the top. At the same time, the transverse platform 4 drives the loading and unloading mechanism 5 to move as a whole to ensure that the workpiece is in the processing position. The clamped workpiece is flipped with four degrees of freedom, and cooperates with the CNC tool machine 3 to complete the processing of any side of the workpiece.

[0049] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement, characterized by: The processing equipment comprises a base frame (1), a two-axis displacement module (2), a CNC tool machine (3), a transverse platform (4), a loading and unloading mechanism (5), a tool changing mechanism (6) and a control chassis (7), wherein the loading and unloading mechanism (5) comprises a base (51), a conveyor belt (52) and a flip mechanism (54), wherein the flip mechanism (54) comprises a bottom frame (541) and a top platform (546), wherein the tool changing mechanism (6) comprises a side frame (61) and a tool disc mechanism (62), wherein the base frame (1) and the two-axis displacement module (2) are connected to each other. The shift module (2), the transverse shift platform (4), and the control chassis (7) are all fixedly connected; the CNC tool machine (3) and the side frame (61) are all fixedly connected to the two-axis displacement module (2); the bottom frame (541) is fixedly connected to the transverse shift platform (4); the bottom frame (541) is in contact with the top platform (546); the bottom platform (51) is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt (52) and the top platform (546); the loading and unloading mechanism (5) and the tool changing mechanism (6) are all connected to the control chassis (7) via electrical signals; The loading and unloading mechanism (5) further includes a visual inspection module (53), a closing mechanism (55) and a clamping mechanism (56), the turning mechanism (54) further includes a stopper (542) and a first motor (545), the closing mechanism (55) further includes a ring platform (551) and an assembly frame (556), the ring platform (551) and the visual inspection module (53) are fixedly connected to the top platform (546), the clamping mechanism (56) is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the clamping mechanisms (56) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring platform (551), the clamping mechanism (56) is fixedly connected to the assembly frame (556), the clamping mechanism (56) includes a third motor (565), the visual inspection module (53) is connected to the stopper (542), the first motor (545) and the third motor (565) through electrical signals; The flip mechanism (54) further comprises a cross frame (543) and a universal connecting rod group (544); a column slot (5411) is provided on the bottom frame (541); a rotating column (5461) is provided on the top platform (546); the column slot (5411), the rotating column (5461), and the stopper (542) are each provided in four groups; the four groups of column slots (5411), rotating columns (5461), and stoppers (542) are uniformly distributed in a rectangular shape along the bottom frame (541); the rotating columns (5461) are in contact with the column slots (5411) and the stopper (542); the cross frame (543) and the stopper (542) are fixedly connected to the bottom frame (541); the universal connecting rod group (544) is hinged to the cross frame (543) and the top platform (546); and the output end of the first motor (545) is fixedly connected to the universal connecting rod group (544); The closing mechanism (55) further comprises a rack (552), a tooth column (553), an inner gear ring (554) and a second motor (555); a slide groove (5511) and an annular groove (5512) are provided on the ring platform (551); the slide groove (5511), the rack (552), the tooth column (553) and the assembly frame (556) are provided in a plurality of groups; the plurality of groups of the slide groove (5511), the rack (552), the tooth column (553) and the assembly frame (556) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the ring platform (551); the rack (552) and the slide groove (551 ... gear column (553 ) is slidably connected, the inner gear ring (554) is slidably connected to the ring groove (5512), the tooth column (553) is meshed with the rack (552) and the inner gear ring (554), the second motor (555) is fixedly connected to the ring table (551), a group of the tooth columns (553) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (555), the tooth columns (553) are rotatably connected to the ring table (551), the clamping mechanism (56) further includes a frame (561), and the assembly frame (556) is fixedly connected to the rack (552) and the frame (561).

2. The automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (56) further includes a slide (562), a spring (563) and an articulated clamp (564), wherein the slide (562) is slidably connected to the frame (561), the spring (563) is fixedly connected to the frame (561) and the slide (562), the articulated clamp (564) is movably connected to the slide (562), the third motor (565) is fixedly connected to the slide (562), and the output end of the third motor (565) is fixedly connected to the articulated clamp (564).

3. The automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changing mechanism (6) further includes a switching mechanism (63), the cutter disc mechanism (62) includes a side plate (621), a fourth motor (622) and a cutter disc wheel (625), the switching mechanism (63) includes a tripod (631), a servo motor (632), a servo cylinder (635) and a switching frame (636), a slide rail (611) is provided on the side frame (61), the side plate (621) is slidably connected to the slide rail (611), the tripod (631) is fixedly connected to the side frame (61), the cutter disc wheel (625) is in contact with the switching frame (636), and the fourth motor (622), the servo motor (632) and the servo cylinder (635) are all connected to the control chassis (7) via electrical signals.

4. The automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutter disc mechanism (62) further comprises an assembly plate (623), a ratchet (624) and a pawl (626); the fourth motor (622) and the assembly plate (623) are fixedly connected to the side plate (621); the ratchet (624) is rotationally connected to the assembly plate (623); the ratchet (624) is fixedly connected to the cutter disc wheel (625); the output end of the fourth motor (622) is fixedly connected to the pawl (626); and the ratchet (624) is in contact with the pawl (626).

5. The automatic loading and unloading CNC machining equipment with tool replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (63) further comprises a hexagonal column (633) and a sleeve (634); the servo motor (632) and the servo cylinder (635) are both fixedly connected to the tripod (631); the output end of the servo motor (632) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal column (633); the sleeve (634) is slidably connected to the hexagonal column (633); the sleeve (634) is fixedly connected to the switching frame (636); and the output end of the servo cylinder (635) is connected to the sleeve (634) via a belt drive.

Images