Structure and using method of precast beam bottom die and buttress

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of precast beam construction, and relates to a precast beam bottom die and buttress structure and a use method, the structure comprises an independent wood template, a full-length template, an independent template and a distributed support grid; the independent wood formworks and the full-length formworks are assembled to form a precast beam bottom formwork, and the precast beam bottom formwork and the independent formworks are all located at the tops of the distributed supporting grids; the distributed supporting grating is arranged on a site and comprises strip-shaped battens, concrete buttresses and wooden wedges, the concrete buttresses are arranged at the two ends and in the middle of the precast beam, and the strip-shaped battens are arranged between the adjacent concrete buttresses at intervals so as to improve the overall bearing capacity of the bottom die; the wooden wedges are arranged between the strip-shaped battens and the field so as to solve the problems that the field is uneven and the like. Through the structure and the using method provided by the invention, the final precast beam is only supported by the concrete buttress and the independent template, the precast beam is in soft contact with the concrete buttress, the placing point of the precast beam is not damaged, and the structure and the using method have the remarkable characteristics of high efficiency, economy, safety, reliability, convenience in construction and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated beam construction, and in particular to a structure of a prefabricated beam bottom formwork serving as a buttress and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, prefabricated beam construction is often involved in the construction of port and waterway projects, municipal public works and highway projects. In order to reduce transportation costs, the method of prefabrication near the construction site is generally adopted. Limited by the actual conditions of the prefabrication site, this method generally requires leveling, widening, reinforcement and other treatment measures on the prefabrication site to meet the construction conditions, but this will increase the construction cost of prefabricated beams and consume a certain period of time. If you consider setting up a prefabrication site far away from the construction site, it is bound to increase more management costs and transportation costs. In order to solve the above problems, there are currently studies that take into account various factors such as the construction progress, safety, quality and cost of prefabricated beams.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN111823363A (publication date: October 27, 2020) discloses a new type of prefabricated beam bottom formwork and its construction method. The invention fixes the spliced ​​bottom formwork and the mobile system into a movable system, which can move and assemble the steel plate bottom formwork in the horizontal direction. The steel bars, steel plate bottom formwork and concrete construction can be operated continuously and in one piece without affecting the displacement of the steel plate bottom formwork. The steel plate bottom formwork of the invention has a simple structure and the materials are easily available. It can be quickly spliced ​​through the mobile system, and channel steels are welded at the interfaces on both sides of the spliced ​​steel plate bottom formwork. Any two adjacent steel plate bottom formworks can be spliced ​​into spliced ​​bottom formworks of different specifications.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN217531272U (publication date: October 4, 2022) discloses a convenient precast beam bottom mold moving device. The utility model device has a simple design structure and is easy to operate. It adopts an adjustable moving structure so that the overall stability is not affected. At the same time, the modular structure makes it easy to carry and operate.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned prior art can effectively speed up the construction progress and ensure the construction safety to a certain extent, it does not solve the problem of high requirements for the flatness of the construction prefabrication site and the large amount of turnover materials. Based on this, the present invention provides a structure and use method of a prefabricated beam bottom formwork and pier, which will overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, such as large amount of turnover materials, high construction cost, high requirements for the flatness of the construction prefabrication site, poor adaptability to conventional prefabrication template technology, and complex construction operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a structure and a method for using a prefabricated beam bottom mold and pier, and the specific technical solution is described as follows.

[0007] A prefabricated beam bottom formwork and buttress structure, the structure comprising an independent wooden formwork, a full-length formwork, an independent formwork and a distributed support grid; The independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork are assembled to form a prefabricated beam bottom formwork, and the prefabricated beam bottom formwork and the independent formwork are located on the top of a distributed support grid, and the distributed support grid is set on the site.

[0008] Further, the distributed support grid includes strips of wood, concrete piers and wooden wedges; The concrete piers are arranged at the two ends and several places in the middle of the prefabricated beam, and the number of them is determined according to the length of the beam. The strips of wood are arranged at intervals between adjacent concrete piers. The wooden wedges are arranged between the strips of wood and the site to adjust the height of the strips of wood; the uneven site can also be adjusted by the wooden wedges; Furthermore, an independent template is provided on the top surface of the concrete pier, and the independent template matches the top surface of the concrete pier.

[0009] Furthermore, the strip-shaped wood and the top surface of the concrete pier are located at the same height.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the concrete pier is consistent with the width of the precast beam, and both ends of the strip wood exceed the width of the precast beam by 190~210mm respectively; the size of the strip wood is 140×75mm×(precast beam bottom mold width+380~420mm), and the size of the concrete pier is 150×75mm×precast beam bottom mold width.

[0011] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent wooden strips is 200-250 mm, and the overall bearing capacity of the precast beam bottom formwork can be improved by adjusting the spacing.

[0012] Furthermore, the independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork have the same thickness.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using the prefabricated beam bottom mold and buttress structure, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Preparation before construction; decide whether to level and harden the site according to the actual conditions of the site; prefabricate a number of concrete piers according to the length of the beam, using plain concrete prefabrication, the concrete strength is C30, and the top surface is required to be flat; Step S2: constructing the bottom formwork support of the precast beam; constructing concrete piers at both ends and several locations in the middle of the precast beam, setting strips of wood at intervals in the gaps between adjacent concrete piers, and inserting wooden wedges at the bottom of the strips of wood to ensure that the concrete piers and the top surfaces of the strips of wood are at the same height and flat; Step S3: Laying the bottom formwork; laying independent wooden formwork and full-length formwork, the full-length formwork is laid by assembling wooden formwork or steel formwork, and installing the upper side formwork and end formwork; Step S4: pouring concrete and curing until the demoulding strength is reached; Step S5: dismantling the formwork; first dismantle the upper side formwork and the end formwork, then knock out the wooden wedges at the bottom of the strips of wood one by one, and pull out the strips of wood, and finally remove the bottom formwork of the precast beam; finally, the concrete piers and the independent formwork support the precast beam, and the removed strips of wood and the bottom formwork of the precast beam can be immediately used for the bottom formwork of the next batch of beams.

[0014] Furthermore, the compliance standard for leveling and hardening the site in step S1 is: the site undulation is less than 100 mm, and the site bearing capacity meets 10 KPa or more.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and effects of this application are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a method for using a structure of a prefabricated beam bottom formwork and a pier. The prefabricated beam only relies on the concrete pier and the independent formwork to play a supporting effect. The prefabricated beam and the concrete pier are in soft contact with each other by the independent formwork, and the prefabricated beam resting point will not be damaged due to long-term storage. If the construction progress permits, the on-site prefabrication production line can also be used as a maintenance and storage site. If the production task is tight, after a batch of beams are prefabricated and reach the lifting strength, they can be transferred to other places for stacking, or directly shipped to the site for installation. Compared with the conventional prefabricated formwork bottom formwork method, it has unique significant characteristics such as high efficiency, economy, safety, reliability, and convenient construction.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides a precast beam bottom formwork and pier structure, which can improve the overall bearing capacity of the precast beam bottom formwork by adjusting the spacing between the strips of wood; by inserting wooden wedges under the strips of wood, not only can the height of the strips of wood be adjusted to make the top surface height consistent with the top surface height of the concrete pier, but also the problem of uneven site can be solved.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application so that it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.

[0018] Based on the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0020] in: Figure 1 It is a schematic elevation view of a structure of a prefabricated beam bottom mold and buttress provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is an AA cross-sectional view of a structure of a prefabricated beam bottom mold and buttress provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a BB cross-sectional view of a structure of a prefabricated beam bottom mold and buttress provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the finished prefabricated beam and pier provided by the present invention; Among them: 1-prefabricated beam bottom formwork; 2-independent formwork; 3-distributed support grid; 31-strip wooden square; 32-concrete pier; 33-wooden wedge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configuration and components are provided only to help fully understand the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, the description of known functions and structures is omitted in the embodiment.

[0022] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the references to "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0023] In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0024] The term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. The term " / and" in this article describes another type of association object relationship, indicating that there can be two relationships. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] The term "at least one" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, at least one of A and B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment introduces a prefabricated beam bottom formwork and pier structure. Figure 1 , the structure includes independent wooden formwork, full-length formwork and distributed support grid 3; The independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork are assembled to form a precast beam bottom formwork 1. The precast beam bottom formwork 1 and the independent formwork 2 are located on the top of a distributed support grid 3. The distributed support grid 3 is set on the site.

[0028] Preferably, the distributed support grid 3 includes strip-shaped wooden squares 31, concrete piers 32 and wooden wedges 33; The length of the precast beam in this embodiment is within 10m, and the concrete piers 32 are arranged at three locations, namely, at both ends and in the middle; The strips of wood 31 are arranged at intervals between adjacent concrete piers 32, and the wooden wedges 33 are arranged between the strips of wood 31 and the site to adjust the height of the strips of wood 31; the wooden wedges can also be used to adjust the uneven site. Preferably, an independent formwork 2 is provided on the top surface of the concrete pier 32 , and the independent formwork 2 matches the top surface of the concrete pier 32 .

[0029] Preferably, the top surfaces of the strip-shaped wooden blocks 31 and the concrete piers 32 are located at the same height.

[0030] Preferably, the length of the concrete pier 32 is consistent with the width of the precast beam, and both ends of the strip wooden square 31 exceed the width of the precast beam by 190~210mm; the size of the strip wooden square 31 is 140×75mm×(precast beam bottom mold 1 width+380~420mm), and the size of the concrete pier 32 is 150×75mm×precast beam bottom mold 1 width.

[0031] Preferably, the interval between adjacent strip-shaped wooden squares 31 is 200-250 mm, and the overall bearing capacity of the precast beam bottom mold 1 can be improved by adjusting the interval.

[0032] Preferably, the independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork have the same thickness.

[0033] For a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a prefabricated beam bottom mold and pier structure provided in the embodiment, please refer to the attached Figure 2 -Attached Figure 3 .

[0034] The technical effect achieved by the present embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment provides a prefabricated beam bottom formwork and pier structure, which can improve the overall bearing capacity of the prefabricated beam bottom formwork by adjusting the spacing between the strips of wood; by inserting wooden wedges under the strips of wood, not only can the height of the strips of wood be adjusted to make the height of their top surfaces consistent with the height of the top surfaces of the concrete piers, but also the problem of unevenness of the site can be solved, and the problem that the existing prefabricated beam bottom formwork has high requirements for site flatness (for example, CN111823363A provides a new type of prefabricated beam bottom formwork and its construction method, which requires the steel plate bottom formwork to be moved and spliced ​​in the horizontal direction, and has high requirements for site flatness).

[0035] Example 2 Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment introduces a method for using a prefabricated beam bottom mold and pier structure, including the following steps: Step S1: preparation before construction; decide whether to level and harden the site according to the actual conditions of the site; prefabricate a number of concrete piers 32 according to the length of the beam, using plain concrete prefabrication, the concrete strength is C30, and the top surface is required to be flat; Step S2: constructing the bottom formwork support of the precast beam; constructing concrete piers 32 at both ends and several locations in the middle of the precast beam, setting strips of wood 31 at intervals in the gaps between adjacent concrete piers 32, and inserting wooden wedges 33 at the bottom of the strips of wood 31 to ensure that the top surfaces of the concrete piers 32 and the strips of wood 31 are at the same height and flat; Step S3: Laying the bottom formwork; laying independent wooden formwork and full-length formwork, the full-length formwork is laid by assembling wooden formwork or steel formwork, and installing the upper side formwork and end formwork; Step S4: pouring concrete and curing until the demoulding strength is reached; Step S5: dismantling the formwork; first dismantle the upper side formwork and the end formwork, then knock out the wooden wedges 33 at the bottom of the strip wooden beams 31 one by one, and extract the strip wooden beams 31, and finally remove the precast beam bottom formwork 1; finally, the concrete piers 32 and the independent formwork 2 support the precast beams, and the dismantled strip wooden beams 31 and the precast beam bottom formwork 1 can be immediately used as the bottom formwork for the next batch of beams, thereby achieving the purpose of investing as little turnover materials as possible, efficient construction application, and cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0036] Furthermore, the compliance standard for leveling and hardening the site in step S1 is: the site undulation is less than 100 mm, and the site bearing capacity meets 10 KPa or more.

[0037] Please refer to the attached figure for the final schematic diagram of the prefabricated beam and pier elevation formed in this embodiment. Figure 4 .

[0038] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is as follows: this embodiment provides a method for using a prefabricated beam bottom formwork and pier structure, in which the prefabricated beam only relies on the concrete pier and the independent formwork to play a supporting effect, and the prefabricated beam and the concrete pier are in soft contact with each other by the independent formwork, and the prefabricated beam resting point will not be damaged due to long-term storage; if the construction progress permits, the on-site prefabrication production line can also be used as a maintenance and storage site. If the production task is tight, after a batch of beams are prefabricated and reach the lifting strength, they can be transferred to other places for stacking, or directly shipped to the site for installation; compared with the conventional prefabricated formwork bottom formwork method, it has unique significant characteristics such as high efficiency, economy, safety, reliability, and convenient construction.

[0039] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any change, modification, replacement, integration and parameter change of these embodiments by conventional substitution or capable of achieving the same function without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated beam bottom formwork and pier structure, characterized in that: The structure includes independent wooden formwork, full-length formwork, independent formwork (2) and distributed support grid (3); The independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork are assembled to form a prefabricated beam bottom formwork (1); the prefabricated beam bottom formwork (1) and the independent formwork (2) are located on top of a distributed support grid (3); and the distributed support grid (3) is arranged on a site.

2. The structure of the prefabricated beam bottom form and buttress according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed support grid (3) comprises strip-shaped wooden blocks (31), concrete piers (32) and wooden wedges (33); The concrete piers (32) are arranged at both ends and several locations in the middle of the prefabricated beam, the strip-shaped wooden beams (31) are arranged at intervals between adjacent concrete piers (32), and the wooden wedges (33) are arranged between the strip-shaped wooden beams (31) and the site.

3. The structure of the prefabricated beam bottom form and buttress according to claim 2, characterized in that: An independent formwork (2) is provided on the top surface of the concrete pier (32).

4. The structure of the prefabricated beam bottom form and buttress according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surfaces of the strip-shaped wooden blocks (31) and the concrete buttress (32) are located at the same height.

5. A prefabricated beam bottom formwork and buttress structure according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The length of the concrete pier (32) is consistent with the width of the precast beam, and both ends of the strip-shaped wooden square (31) exceed the width of the precast beam by 190-210 mm.

6. A prefabricated beam bottom formwork and buttress structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The interval between adjacent strips of wood (31) is 200-250 mm.

7. A prefabricated beam bottom formwork and buttress structure according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The independent wooden formwork and the full-length formwork have the same thickness.

8. The method for using the prefabricated beam bottom form and buttress structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: preparation before construction; leveling and hardening the site; prefabricating a number of concrete piers (32); Step S2: constructing the bottom formwork support of the precast beam; constructing concrete piers (32) at both ends and several locations in the middle of the precast beam, arranging strips of wood (31) at intervals in the gaps between adjacent concrete piers (32), and inserting wooden wedges (33) at the bottom of the strips of wood (31) to ensure that the top surfaces of the concrete piers (32) and the strips of wood (31) are at the same height and are flat; Step S3: Laying the bottom formwork; laying independent wooden formwork and full-length formwork, the full-length formwork is laid by assembling wooden formwork or steel formwork, and installing the upper side formwork and end formwork; Step S4: pouring concrete and curing until the demoulding strength is reached; Step S5: demoulding; first, knock out the wooden wedges (33) at the bottom of the strip wooden beams (31) one by one, and extract the strip wooden beams (31), and finally remove the precast beam bottom mold (1). The removed strip wooden beams (31) and the precast beam bottom mold (1) can be immediately used as the bottom mold of the next batch of beams.

9. The method for using the prefabricated beam bottom formwork and buttress structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compliance standard for leveling and hardening the site in step S1 is: the site undulation is less than 100 mm, and the site bearing capacity meets 10 KPa or more.

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