Full color printing method based on FDM forming mode and color workpiece

Abstract

The invention discloses a complete color printing method based on an FDM forming mode and a color workpiece, and belongs to the field of FDM forming, and the complete color printing method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a color 3D model of the color workpiece to be printed, and segmenting the color 3D model into a plurality of two-dimensional slices to obtain slice information of the color 3D model; s2, determining a printing strategy of the color 3D model based on the slicing information of the color 3D model; s3, according to the slicing information of the color 3D model and a printing strategy, a color cylindrical wire is obtained in a coloring injection molding mode or a thermoplastic sheet coloring and wire rolling mode; s4, setting printing parameters of an FDM printer according to a printing strategy of the color 3D model; and S5, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, the color cylindrical wires are subjected to FDM forming printing according to the set printing parameters, and a color workpiece is obtained. And the color printing speed, the color resolution and the color precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of FDM molding, and relates to a full color printing method and a color workpiece based on an FDM molding mode. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging manufacturing technology, 3D printing technology is based on computer digital technology. It is a technology that forms a three-dimensional entity through three-dimensional modeling, model slicing, information processing and layer-by-layer printing. It combines a variety of modern technologies such as digital processing technology, computer technology, numerical control technology and material technology, and has been widely used in various fields. Among them, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology is one of the most representative and widely used technologies in the field of 3D printing. Due to its advantages such as low equipment cost, simple operation and diverse material selection, it has long been shining in many levels such as amateur groups, primary and secondary school and university education scenes, and small manufacturing workshops.

[0003] Color printing has important application value in many fields, such as product design, education, medical treatment, cultural creativity, etc. For example, in product design, color printing can more intuitively display the appearance and color effects of products, helping designers to better communicate with customers; in the field of education, color printing can produce more vivid teaching models and improve teaching effects; in the medical field, color printing can produce human organ models with different color markings, which is convenient for medical teaching and surgical planning; in the field of cultural creativity, color printing can realize the production of personalized artworks and decorations, meeting people's demand for personalized and creative products.

[0004] Traditional FDM printing has long been limited to monochrome output, focusing mainly on constructing entities by stacking a single material layer by layer. Research on color 3D printing mainly involves coloring during or after the printing process, or coloring the material before the printing process, or using a variety of pure colors for coordinated printing. This method has a lag problem in color mixing, resulting in uneven color mixing, which makes it difficult to meet the current diverse demands for refined, personalized, and artistic product appearance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a full color printing method and color workpiece based on FDM molding method, thereby improving the speed, color resolution and color accuracy of color printing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A full color printing method based on FDM molding method, including the following processes: S1, establishing a color 3D model of a color workpiece to be printed, and dividing the color 3D model into multiple two-dimensional slices to obtain slice information of the color 3D model; S2, determining a printing strategy of the color 3D model based on the slice information of the color 3D model; S3, obtaining colored cylindrical filaments by color injection molding or coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets according to the slicing information of the colored 3D model and the printing strategy; S4, setting printing parameters of the FDM printer according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model; S5, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, the colored cylindrical filament is FDM-printed with the set printing parameters to obtain a colored workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, the slice information includes the size, position, slice thickness, number of slices and color information of each two-dimensional slice.

[0008] Preferably, the printing path in the printing strategy is a composite scanning path offset from outside to inside, with segmented color separation printing being used outside the scanning path and primary color short-edge reciprocating printing being used inside the scanning path.

[0009] Preferably, the process of coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets is as follows: converting the color data of the color 3D model into data of a printing four-color separation mode, decomposing the color 3D model into multiple color layers, each color layer corresponding to a printing four-color separation, combining the multiple color layers into corresponding colors according to the slicing information and printing strategy of each two-dimensional slice, and then matching and coloring the thermoplastic sheet to obtain a colored thermoplastic sheet, and spirally winding the colored thermoplastic sheet into a colored cylindrical filament.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermoplastic sheet is colored by inkjet printing or laser printing.

[0011] Going further, the process of laser printing is: using laser scanning to form a latent image on the drum, and then adsorbing the corresponding color toner according to the slicing information and printing strategy of the color 3D model, and then transferring the toner to the thermoplastic sheet.

[0012] Furthermore, the process of inkjet printing is as follows: four colors of ink, cyan, magenta, yellow and black, are sprayed onto a thermoplastic sheet to form ink droplets. When the four colors of ink are superimposed on the thermoplastic sheet, they are subjected to a heating and fixing process to make the ink firmly adhere to the thermoplastic sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the process of color injection molding is: according to the slicing information and printing strategy of the color 3D model, liquid colorants of different colors are prepared, mixed with the plastic melt in a predetermined proportion to obtain injection molding materials of different colors, and the injection molding materials of different colors are injected into the cylindrical mold cavity according to the printing strategy, waiting for solidification and forming, and finally forming a colored cylindrical filament.

[0014] Preferably, the printing parameters are set as follows: layer height is 0.05 mm to 0.4 mm, nozzle temperature is 180° C. to 250° C., printing speed is 30 mm / s to 100 mm / s, and hot bed temperature is 30° C. to 110° C.

[0015] A colored workpiece obtained by the full color printing method based on the FDM molding mode.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention performs continuous layered slicing processing on the color 3D model before color 3D printing, obtains various data of the slices, obtains colored cylindrical filaments by color injection molding or coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets, and uses a single cylindrical filament to achieve color 3D printing, overcoming the limitations of the current traditional FDM printers such as multiple nozzles, single color, complex structure, and high cost, and solves the problems of difficult color and filament change of flexible materials and poor interlayer bonding, thereby improving the speed of color printing and the utilization rate of materials. The one-time molded colored workpiece can be preserved for a long time and has a high artistic value, and is not easy to fade, deform or damage; it has the characteristics of high resolution and high precision, and the present invention can print models with rich details and smooth surfaces; accurately restore the color and texture of the object; and realize the production of color models with various complex shapes and unique designs to meet personalized needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the full color printing method based on FDM molding method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation of colored cylindrical filaments of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing device of the present invention.

[0018] Among them: 1-long strip of thermoplastic sheet; 2-inkjet device; 3-filament winding device; 4-heating nozzle; 5-support; 6-outside of the color workpiece; 7-inside of the color workpiece; 8-heat bed; 9-connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the full color printing method based on the FDM molding method described in this embodiment includes the following processes: S1, creating a color 3D model of a color workpiece to be printed, and dividing the color 3D model into a plurality of two-dimensional slices to obtain slice information of the color 3D model.

[0021] S2, determining a printing strategy of the color 3D model based on the slicing information of the color 3D model.

[0022] S3, according to the slicing information of the color 3D model and the printing strategy, a colored cylindrical filament is obtained by coloring injection molding or coloring and winding the thermoplastic sheet.

[0023] S4, setting printing parameters of the FDM printer according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model.

[0024] S5, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, the colored cylindrical filament is FDM-printed with the set printing parameters to obtain a colored workpiece.

[0025] Example 2 The full color printing method based on the FDM molding method described in this embodiment includes the following processes: S1, obtaining structural data, color data and material texture features of the color workpiece to be printed, establishing a color 3D model of the color workpiece to be printed, inputting the color 3D model into the FDM printer, segmenting multiple two-dimensional slices, and obtaining slice information of the color 3D model.

[0026] S2, based on the slicing information of the color 3D model, determining the printing strategy of the color 3D model, specifically: The slice information of the color 3D model includes the size, position, layer thickness, number of layers and color information of each two-dimensional slice. The color information of each two-dimensional slice is obtained according to the color 3D model and represented in the form of a bitmap to guide the heating nozzle to use the correct color at the corresponding position.

[0027] Set the time frame corresponding to the lowest plane of the color 3D model, the time frame corresponding to the highest plane, and the maximum length and width to determine whether the volume of the color 3D model exceeds the maximum printing volume of the FDM printer.

[0028] After computer processing, the printing strategy is determined, which includes the printing range, printing path and printing parameters. Among them, the printing path is a composite scanning path offset from outside to inside, that is, segmented color separation printing is used outside the scanning path, and primary color short-edge reciprocating printing is used inside the scanning path. Specifically, after printing, the color solid model contains color on the outside, while the inside is the primary color.

[0029] Segmented color separation printing is to divide the printed part into multiple areas, each area is printed with a different color. This method can achieve complex color gradients and multi-color designs while avoiding color mixing and contamination.

[0030] The primary color refers to the basic color that is not mixed with other colors and is the basis of all other colors. The primary color short-edge reciprocating printing is: during the printing process, the heating nozzle 4 reciprocates along the short edge direction of the paper or the printing platform, and the printing material in the heating nozzle 4 is the basic color.

[0031] S3, according to the slicing information of the color 3D model and the printing strategy, a colored cylindrical filament is obtained by coloring injection molding or coloring and winding the thermoplastic sheet.

[0032] The process of coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the computer converts the color data of the color 3D model into data of the printing four-color separation (magenta, cyan, yellow and black) mode, and transmits it to the FDM printer. The driver of the FDM printer will further process the data, decompose the color 3D model into multiple color layers, each color layer corresponds to a printing four-color separation, and according to the color information and printing path of each two-dimensional slice, the color information comes from the slice information, and the printing path comes from the printing strategy, the multiple color layers are combined into corresponding colors, so as to match and color the thermoplastic sheet, and all the two-dimensional slices are sequentially matched on the thermoplastic sheet in the printing order to obtain a colored thermoplastic sheet.

[0033] Methods of coloring thermoplastic sheets include, but are not limited to, inkjet printing and laser printing.

[0034] Laser printing uses laser scanning to form a latent image on the drum, and then absorbs the toner of the corresponding color according to the slicing information of the color 3D model and the printing strategy, and then transfers the toner to the thermoplastic sheet.

[0035] The process of inkjet printing is as follows: according to the slicing information and printing strategy of the color 3D model, in the inkjet device 2, the nozzle of the inkjet device 2 accurately sprays the four colors of ink, cyan, magenta, yellow and black, onto the thermoplastic sheet according to the computer instructions to form tiny ink droplets. After the four colors of ink are superimposed on the thermoplastic sheet in turn, they are heated and fixed, so that the ink is firmly attached to the thermoplastic sheet. Due to the different distribution and concentration of each color, they interact and overlap with each other, thereby producing rich color levels and details, and finally forming a colored thermoplastic sheet. For example, the color information of the color 3D model contains blue, purple, black and white. After computer processing, the color data is combined with the corresponding length, and blue, purple, black and white are quantitatively sprayed on the thermoplastic sheet in sequence (the specific range depends on the amount required by the actual color 3D model), and finally the thermoplastic sheet contains different color segments.

[0036] The colored thermoplastic sheet is spirally rolled into a colored cylindrical wire at 30°~60°.

[0037] The materials of the thermoplastic sheet include, but are not limited to, polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), nylon (PA), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

[0038] The obtained colored thermoplastic sheet is spirally rolled up at a specific angle into a colored cylindrical filament. Compared with the common FDM printing thermoplastic material, the cylindrical filament contains different colors, so that multiple colors can be printed with one material.

[0039] The process of color injection molding is as follows: according to the slicing information and printing strategy of the color 3D model, through the color card or professional software, combined with the amount of injection molding material, the accurate amount of liquid colorant is determined, and liquid colorants of different colors are prepared, and mixed with the plastic melt in a predetermined proportion to obtain injection molding materials of different colors. For example, the color information of the color 3D model includes blue, purple, black and white. According to the corresponding color sequence, refer to the corresponding proportion of the color card, prepare the amount of blue, purple, black and white colorants, and mix them with the plastic melt in proportion to obtain injection molding materials of different colors, and obtain the color required for the color 3D model. Adjust the injection molding process parameters so that the injection molding materials of different colors are injected into the cylindrical mold cavity in a suitable order, pressure and speed, ensure that the colors are distributed in the cylinder according to the printing order, wait for solidification, and finally form a colored cylindrical filament.

[0040] S4, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, adjust the printing platform of the FDM printer and set the printing parameters, such as printing speed, nozzle temperature, and layer height.

[0041] The printing parameters are set to include a layer height of 0.05 mm to 0.4 mm, a nozzle temperature of 180° C. to 250° C., a printing speed of 30 mm / s to 100 mm / s, and a hot bed temperature of 30° C. to 110° C.

[0042] S5, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, the colored cylindrical filament is FDM-printed with the set printing parameters to obtain a colored workpiece.

[0043] Example 3 The above-mentioned full color printing method using the thermoplastic sheet coloring method is as follows Figure 3 The printing device shown is implemented, and the printing device includes an inkjet device 2, a wire winding device 3, a heating nozzle 4, a support 5, a hot bed 8 and a connecting rod 9.

[0044] The thermoplastic sheet material adopts a long strip of thermoplastic sheet material 1, and the front end of the long strip of thermoplastic sheet material 1 is connected to the inkjet device 2. The ink is sprayed quantitatively onto the long strip of thermoplastic sheet material 1 through the inkjet device 2. The front end of the colored long strip of thermoplastic sheet material 1 is input into the wire winding device 3. After being processed by the wire winding device 3, the long strip of thermoplastic sheet material 1 is changed into a colored cylindrical wire material. The front end of the colored cylindrical wire material is input into the heating nozzle 4, which is heated and output by the heating nozzle 4 for printing.

[0045] A connecting rod 9 is connected to the bottom of the hot bed 8, and the connecting rod 9 is connected to a moving device. The moving device controls the height and direction of the hot bed 8. The heating nozzle 4 is located directly above the hot bed 8. The heating nozzle 4 melts the colored cylindrical filament, first prints out the support 5, and then prints out the colored workpiece exterior 6 and the colored workpiece interior 7 layer by layer, and finally prints out the colored workpiece on the hot bed 8.

[0046] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0047] It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art by reading the above description.

Claims

1. A full color printing method based on FDM molding, characterized in that: The process includes: S1, establishing a color 3D model of a color workpiece to be printed, and dividing the color 3D model into multiple two-dimensional slices to obtain slice information of the color 3D model; S2, determining a printing strategy of the color 3D model based on the slice information of the color 3D model; S3, obtaining colored cylindrical filaments by color injection molding or coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets according to the slicing information of the colored 3D model and the printing strategy; S4, setting printing parameters of the FDM printer according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model; S5, according to the printing strategy of the color 3D model, the colored cylindrical filament is FDM-printed with the set printing parameters to obtain a colored workpiece.

2. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slice information includes the size, position, slice thickness, number of slices and color information of each 2D slice.

3. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The printing path in the printing strategy is a composite scanning path offset from outside to inside, with segmented color separation printing adopted outside the scanning path and primary color short-edge reciprocating printing adopted inside the scanning path.

4. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of coloring and winding thermoplastic sheets is as follows: converting the color data of the color 3D model into data of a printing four-color separation mode, decomposing the color 3D model into multiple color layers, each color layer corresponding to a printing four-color separation, combining multiple color layers into corresponding colors according to the slicing information and printing strategy of each two-dimensional slice, and then matching and coloring the thermoplastic sheet to obtain a colored thermoplastic sheet, and spirally winding the colored thermoplastic sheet into a colored cylindrical filament.

5. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Thermoplastic sheets are colored by inkjet printing or laser printing.

6. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The laser printing process is as follows: using laser scanning to form a latent image on the drum, then adsorbing the corresponding color toner according to the slicing information of the color 3D model and the printing strategy, and then transferring the toner to the thermoplastic sheet.

7. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The process of inkjet printing is as follows: four colors of ink, cyan, magenta, yellow and black, are sprayed onto a thermoplastic sheet to form ink droplets. When the four colors of ink are superimposed on the thermoplastic sheet, they are heated and fixed to adhere firmly to the thermoplastic sheet.

8. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of color injection molding is as follows: according to the slicing information and printing strategy of the color 3D model, liquid colorants of different colors are prepared, mixed with the plastic melt in a predetermined proportion to obtain injection molding materials of different colors, and the injection molding materials of different colors are injected into the cylindrical mold cavity according to the printing strategy, waiting for solidification to finally form a colored cylindrical filament.

9. The full color printing method based on FDM molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Set the printing parameters as follows: layer height 0.05mm~0.4mm, nozzle temperature 180℃~250℃, printing speed 30mm / s~100mm / s, hot bed temperature 30℃~110℃.

10. A colored workpiece obtained by the full color printing method based on the FDM molding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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