Multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation, which comprises a floating body, the floating body is a dish-shaped floating container, the upper part of the floating body protrudes to form a mounting frame, the bottom of the floating body is provided with a buoy anchoring and positioning assembly, and the floating body is provided with a multifunctional detection assembly; a plurality of closed cavities are annularly formed in the floating body, a floating controller is connected to the closed cavities, and the floating controller is used for controlling the immersion depth of the floating body; the invention relates to the technical field of observation buoys, integrated equipment is adopted, various monitoring requirements of seawater temperature, salinity, pollutants, surge data and the like are integrated on a floating body, a marine litter salvaging system is arranged aiming at the marine litter problem at the present stage, marine litter can be salvaged, the functionality of a floating device is greatly enriched, and the service life of the floating device is prolonged. The marine environment is protected; meanwhile, garbage is prevented from influencing the detection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of observation buoys, in particular to a multifunctional floating structure used for ocean observation. Background Art

[0003] In the modern marine environment monitoring process, it is usually necessary to monitor the changes in the physical and chemical properties of seawater, and at the same time monitor the ocean waves. Observing the changes in ocean data helps prevent and treat ocean currents, ocean hydrology, fishery resource protection, environmental protection and other fields, so as to better utilize and protect marine resources.

[0004] At present, ocean data observation equipment is often divided into floating observers, ship observations, satellite remote sensing and fixed observation stations according to the layout requirements. Among them, buoys and anchored buoys can be flexibly arranged according to the division of ocean areas, so they are widely used.

[0005] At present, ocean observation buoys are mostly composed of multiple parts such as floats, sensors, power systems and anchoring systems. The float is the main structure of the observation float, which is used to install and integrate various observation equipment and functional equipment. The sensor is the main structure for observing various ocean hydrological data. The power system provides energy for various equipment on the ocean observation buoy. The anchoring system is used to position the float to ensure that the float is set in the correct position in the sea. In order to enrich the functions of observation floats, other auxiliary functional components such as positioning and lighting equipment are often integrated on the ocean buoy.

[0006] In view of this, an in-depth study was conducted on the above-mentioned issues, which led to the present case. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation, which solves the existing background technology problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation, comprising a floating body, the floating body is a disc-shaped floating container, a mounting frame protrudes from the upper part of the floating body, a buoy anchor positioning assembly is arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and a multifunctional detection assembly is arranged on the floating body;

[0009] A plurality of closed chambers are arranged around the floating body, and a floating controller is connected to the plurality of closed chambers, and the floating controller is used to control the draft depth of the floating body;

[0010] The floating body is put into the water after the position is determined, and the buoy anchor positioning assembly is anchored at the position. The detection functions of the multifunctional detection assembly include water temperature detection, salinity conductivity detection, flow rate detection and pollutant sampling detection;

[0011] The mounting frame is provided with a circular visual capture rail, the visual capture rail is provided with a video monitor, and the video detector is used to detect the sea surface conditions in the water area;

[0012] The floating body is provided with a marine garbage salvaging system for salvaging observed garbage;

[0013] The marine garbage salvaging system includes a garbage storage device, which is arranged on the top side of a floating body. A salvage device is connected to one side of the garbage storage device. A water-pushing controller is arranged at the bottom of the floating body. The water-pushing controller can push the floating body to rotate, control the direction of the salvage device, and salvage the garbage. The salvage device has an angle adjustment function and can go deep into the water. The garbage is salvaged by the salvage device and then transported to the garbage storage device.

[0014] The installation frame is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation component, a wind speed detector and a heading light.

[0015] The photovoltaic power generation assembly is composed of a plurality of solar panels arranged on a mounting frame and a storage battery installed on the inner side of the mounting frame. The solar panels convert light energy into electrical energy and store it in the storage battery through a controller.

[0016] The floating body is a hollow disc-shaped structure. The exterior of the floating body is made of polymer engineering plastic and is coated with anti-corrosion paint to increase corrosion resistance. The interior of the floating body is supported by a steel frame, and the steel frame structure matches the shape of the floating body.

[0017] The floating controller includes a through port, and the bottom of any closed chamber is provided with a through port, and a control valve is provided on the through port. Multiple closed chambers are arranged in a ring array on the floating body, and the top of the closed chamber is connected to a vacuum control interface, and the tail end of the vacuum control interface is connected to a control air pump. The vacuum control interfaces on the multiple closed chambers need to be connected to the same control air pump using a collector.

[0018] The buoy anchoring positioning assembly comprises an anchor chain, the floating body and the buoy anchoring positioning assembly are movably connected by a universal joint, the anchor chain is connected to the movable end of the universal joint, and the bottom end of the anchor chain is connected to a positioning anchor.

[0019] The garbage storage device comprises a storage groove, the floating body is provided with a storage groove, the storage groove is a cylindrical groove with a socket structure, a detachable storage and access cylinder is installed in the storage groove, a ring-shaped mounting plate is arranged on the top of the detachable storage and access cylinder, the ring-shaped mounting plate is connected to the storage groove by a plurality of screws, a control cover is arranged on the top of the detachable storage and access cylinder, and the control cover is hinged to the detachable storage and access cylinder through a rotating shaft.

[0020] The salvage device includes a fixed shaft, which is arranged at the radial outer end of one side of the floating body, and a salvage frame is movably installed on the fixed shaft. The salvage frame is a rectangular structural frame, and a movable shaft sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the salvage frame and is sleeved on the fixed shaft. The salvage frame is linked with a plurality of salvage rollers through a synchronous belt, and a salvage chain plate is sleeved on the salvage roller. A salvage power motor is connected to the shaft end of a salvage roller, and a pair of control cylinders are arranged on both sides of the salvage frame, and the pair of control cylinders are used to adjust the inclination angle between the salvage frame and the horizontal.

[0021] A cover plate opener and closer is provided at the tail end of the salvage frame, and the cover plate opener and closer is linked with the control cover plate. The cover plate controller includes a pair of control rods movably connected on both sides of the salvage frame, and the ends of the pair of control rods are connected with a pair of linkage rods through detachable shafts. A pair of guide blocks are provided on both sides of the storage groove, and the pair of linkage rods are inserted in the pair of guide blocks. The pair of linkage rods can move horizontally in the pair of guide blocks, and the ends of the pair of linkage rods are movably connected with the two sides of the control cover plate through a pair of connecting rods.

[0022] The water-pushing controller includes: a control tube, which is installed at the bottom of the floating body, arranged tangentially along the floating body, and movably connected to the floating body through a rotating shaft. A water-pushing water wheel is arranged in the control tube, and a water wheel driving motor is arranged in the floating body. The driving end of the water wheel driving motor is linked to the water-pushing water wheel through a gear set.

[0023] Beneficial Effects

[0024] The present invention provides a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation. It has the following beneficial effects: the integrated equipment is adopted, and multiple monitoring requirements such as seawater temperature, salinity, pollutants and surge data are integrated on the floating body, and a marine garbage salvage system is set up to address the current marine garbage problem, which can salvage marine garbage, greatly enriching the functionality of the floating device, protecting the marine environment while avoiding garbage affecting the detection effect, and it has the following specific advantages;

[0025] 1. The floating body is equipped with a floating controller, which can adjust the draft of the floating body according to the wind force and surge conditions, so as to ensure the stability of the floating body, avoid damage to the equipment, and extend the deployment time and service life of the equipment;

[0026] 2. A marine garbage salvage system is installed on the floating body. The use of the marine garbage salvage system can greatly enrich the functionality of the detection buoy, protect the marine environment, and prevent marine garbage from affecting the detection results;

[0027] 3. The marine garbage salvage system uses video vision to identify the location of garbage. After identifying the location, the water push controller can be used to change the direction of the salvage device to accurately aim at the garbage. The salvage device with an angle adjustment function is immersed in the water to salvage the garbage. The salvage device can synchronously link the opening and closing of the cover of the garbage storage device, thereby storing the salvaged garbage in the garbage storage device, which is convenient for garbage recycling and processing. The structure is simple and the control is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation described in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation described in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upward-looking three-dimensional structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a side cross-sectional structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the unfolded state of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation described in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. floating body; 2. mounting frame; 3. buoy anchoring assembly; 4. multifunctional detection assembly; 5. marine garbage salvaging system; 11. steel frame; 12. floating controller; 13. closed chamber; 21. visual capture rail; 22. video detector; 23. photovoltaic power generation assembly; 24. wind speed detector; 25. heading light; 31. anchor chain; 32. universal joint; 33. positioning anchor; 51. garbage storage; 52. salvage device; 53. water push controller; 54. cover plate opener and closeer; 121. control air pump; 122. collector; 131. through port; 132. Control valve; 133, vacuum control interface; 231, solar panel; 232, battery; 511, storage groove; 512, removable access cylinder; 513, control cover; 514, rotating shaft; 521, fixed shaft; 522, salvage frame; 523, salvage roller shaft; 524, salvage chain plate; 525, salvage power motor; 526, control cylinder; 531, control tube; 532, rotating shaft; 533, water wheel; 534, water wheel drive motor; 535, gear set; 541, control rod; 542, linkage rod; 543, guide block; 544, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-9 The present invention provides an implementation scheme: In the modern ocean observation process, the buoy platform is a commonly used observation device. In the modern ocean observation process, although the buoy platform can perform multifunctional detection, due to the serious problem of modern ocean pollution, the current buoy platform cannot effectively deal with floating marine debris, which can easily affect the detection results of ocean currents, hydrology, etc., thereby causing inaccurate monitoring of the buoy platform and polluting the ocean.

[0040] According to the instruction manual Figure 1-9It can be seen that in response to the above problems, the present application discloses a multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation, including a floating body 1, which is a disc-shaped floating container. The floating body 1 is a hollow disc-shaped structure. The exterior of the floating body 1 is made of polymer engineering plastic and is matched with anti-corrosion paint to increase corrosion resistance. The interior of the floating body 1 is supported by a steel frame 11, and the structure of the steel frame 11 matches the shape of the floating body 1. The steel frame 11 plays a supporting role for the exterior of the polymer engineering plastic, and the floating body 1 serves as a support and installation body for the entire detection floating structure. The outer shell of the floating body 1 is hollow inside and floats on the ocean by buoyancy. Then, a mounting frame 2 protrudes from the upper part of the floating body 1, and the mounting frame 2 protrudes from the upper part of the floating body 1 as an installation body that integrates various upper structures. A buoy anchor positioning assembly 3 is provided at the bottom of the floating body 1, and the floating body 1 can be anchored in position through the floating anchor positioning assembly. A multifunctional detection assembly 4 is provided in the middle cavity of the floating body 1, and the multifunctional detection assembly 4 serves as an electrical integrated body for detecting and integrating various data.

[0041] During the specific implementation process, the above-mentioned mounting frame 2 is provided with a circular visual capture rail 21, and a video monitor is provided on the visual capture rail 21. The visual capture rail 21 is a rail with a circular structure. By controlling the visual capture rail 21, the video detector 22 thereon can be controlled to rotate, and then the video detector 22 is used to detect the sea surface conditions in the water area. The mounting frame 2 is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation component 23, a wind speed detector 24 and a navigation light 25. The photovoltaic power generation component 23 plays a role in energy supply, and then the wind speed detector 24 plays a role in detecting the wind force level on the ocean, and the navigation light 25 can play a role in guiding passing ships.

[0042] Furthermore, the above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation component 23 is composed of a plurality of solar panels 231 arranged on a mounting frame 2 and a battery 232 installed on the inner side of the mounting frame 2. The solar panels 231 convert light energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery 232 through a controller. The battery 232 is used to power various functional accessories.

[0043] In order to ensure the stability of the floating body 1 and change the draft, a plurality of closed chambers 13 are arranged around the floating body 1, and a floating controller 12 is connected to the plurality of closed chambers 13. The floating controller 12 is used to control the draft of the floating body 1. The air pressure in the plurality of closed chambers 13 can be controlled by the floating controller 12, so that the density of the entire floating body 1 is changed by discharging or pumping seawater through the closed chambers 13, so that the floating body 1 can complete the position adjustment of floating and diving. In this way, when encountering strong winds, the draft can be increased to make the floating body 1 more stable, and when the wind is weak, the draft can be reduced to increase the overall height of the equipment and enhance the working efficiency of the solar panel.

[0044] Specifically, when the floating body 1 is deployed, the floating body 1 is placed in the water after the position is determined, the buoy anchor positioning component 3 is lowered to the seabed to anchor the position of the floating body 1, and then the multifunctional detection component 4 integrated on the floating body 1 is used to monitor the ocean data;

[0045] The detection function of the multifunctional detection component 4 is selected according to the waters where the buoy is located and the needs of the deployment unit, and at least includes water temperature detection, salinity and conductivity detection, flow rate detection and pollutant sampling detection.

[0046] At the same time, in order to solve the garbage problem mentioned above, a marine garbage salvaging system 5 is provided on the floating body 1 of the present application for salvaging observed garbage;

[0047] Specifically, the above-mentioned marine garbage salvaging system 5 includes a garbage storage 51, which is arranged on one side of the top of the floating body 1. A salvage device 52 is connected to one side of the garbage storage 51. A water-pushing controller 53 is arranged at the bottom of the floating body 1. The water-pushing controller 53 can push the floating body 1 to rotate and control the direction of the salvage device 52 to salvage garbage. The salvage device 52 has an angle adjustment function and can go deep into the water. The garbage is salvaged by the salvage device 52 and then transported to the garbage storage 51.

[0048] In the specific implementation process, the salvage device 52 and the garbage storage device 51 are both arranged in the radial direction of one side of the floating body 1, and the tail end of the salvage device 52 corresponds to the garbage storage device 51. The specific salvage device 52 has an angle adjustment function. When idle, the end of the salvage device 52 is located above the horizontal. During salvaging, the angle of the salvage device 52 is adjusted to make the bottom end of the salvage device 52 enter the water, and the thrust is generated by the water thrust controller 53 to make the floating body 1 rotate, so that the salvage device 52 corresponds to the garbage position, so that the salvage device 52 is used to salvage the garbage and transport it to the garbage storage device 51 for storage, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the marine environment.

[0049] According to the instruction manual Figure 1-4 It can be seen that the above-mentioned buoy anchoring assembly 3 includes an anchor chain 31, the floating body 1 and the buoy anchoring assembly 3 are movably connected by a universal joint 32, the anchor chain 31 is connected to the movable end of the universal joint 32, and the bottom end of the anchor chain 31 is connected to a positioning anchor 33;

[0050] In the specific implementation process, the universal joint 32 is connected to the bottom of the floating body 1, and the anchor connected by a chain is thrown on the seabed. The universal joint 32 and the floating body 1 thereon are fixed by the chain, thereby achieving the fixed positioning effect of the floating body 1.

[0051] According to the instruction manual Figure 1-5It can be seen that the above-mentioned floating controller 12 includes a through port 131, and the bottom of any closed chamber 13 is provided with a through port 131, and a control valve 132 is provided on the through port 131. Multiple closed chambers 13 are arranged in a ring array on the floating body 1, and the top of the closed chamber 13 is connected to a vacuum control interface 133, and the tail end of the vacuum control interface 133 is connected to a control air pump 121. The vacuum control interfaces 133 on multiple closed chambers 13 need to be connected to the same control air pump 121 using a collector 122;

[0052] In the specific implementation process, the through port 131 is used as the bottom channel in contact with seawater, the control air pump 121 is connected with the collector 122, and the collector 122 is connected with the vacuum control interface 133 of multiple closed chambers 13 to realize the connection of internal air pressure. The vacuum control interface 133 is arranged at the top to prevent seawater from entering the collector 122. The collector 122 is an annular pipeline. By arranging the control air pump 121 on the collector 122, the multiple closed chambers 13 can be synchronously pumped and released by the control air pump 121, thereby changing the pressure in the multiple closed chambers 13. When water needs to be inlet, the control air pump 121 is used to extract the air in the closed chamber 13, so that the water inlet pressure of the control valve 132 is increased, and the seawater is sucked into the closed chamber 13 from the through port 131. Conversely, the seawater at the bottom of the closed chamber 13 is discharged from the through port 131 by injecting air through the control air pump 121, thereby changing the draft depth of the floating body 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the floating body 1.

[0053] According to the instruction manual Figure 6-9 It can be seen that the above-mentioned garbage storage 51 includes a storage groove 511. The floating body 1 is provided with a storage groove 511, which is a cylindrical groove with a socket structure. A detachable storage and access cylinder 512 is installed in the storage groove 511. The top of the detachable storage and access cylinder 512 is provided with an annular mounting plate, which is connected to the storage groove 511 by a number of screws. A control cover plate 513 is provided on the top of the detachable storage and access cylinder 512, and the control cover plate 513 is hinged to the detachable storage and access cylinder 512 through a rotating shaft 514.

[0054] In the specific implementation process, through the separate connection between the storage groove 511 and the detachable storage and access cylinder 512, during the regular maintenance of the buoy, the detachable storage and access cylinder 512 is removed to clean out the internal garbage. Specifically, the annular mounting plate is connected to the floating body 1 with screws to fix the detachable storage and access cylinder 512, and the control cover 513 on the detachable storage and access cylinder 512 closes the top opening of the detachable storage and access cylinder 512. In this way, when there is no garbage, it is ensured that water will not enter the inside of the detachable storage and access cylinder 512. When the salvage device 52 is working, the control cover 513 will be opened first by the salvage device 52 to leak the feed port of the detachable storage and access cylinder 512, and the salvaged garbage will be put in.

[0055] According to the instruction manual Figure 6-9 It can be seen that the above-mentioned salvage device 52 includes a fixed shaft 521, which is arranged at the radial outer end of one side of the floating body 1, and a salvage frame 522 is movably installed on the fixed shaft 521. The salvage frame 522 is a rectangular structure frame. A movable shaft sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the salvage frame 522 and is sleeved on the fixed shaft 521. The salvage frame 522 is linked to a plurality of salvage roller shafts 523 through a synchronous belt. The salvage roller shafts 523 are sleeved with a salvage chain plate 524. The shaft end of a salvage roller shaft 523 is connected to a salvage power motor 525. A pair of control cylinders 526 are arranged on both sides of the salvage frame 522, and the pair of control cylinders 526 are used to adjust the inclination angle between the salvage frame 522 and the horizontal.

[0056] In the specific implementation process, when the video monitor detects garbage in the surrounding area, the movable shaft sleeve on the salvage frame 522 is extended and retracted with the fixed shaft 521 as the central axis through the extension and retraction of a pair of control cylinders 526 to drive the salvage frame 522 to rotate, thereby changing the overall angle of the salvage frame 522 and immersing the bottom end of the salvage frame 522 in the water. A main salvage roller shaft 523 is driven to rotate by the salvage power motor 525, and the shaft ends of several salvage roller shafts near the upper part of the salvage frame 522 are linked by synchronous belts, so that multiple salvage roller shafts 523 can be driven to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the salvage chain plate 524 to rotate cyclically on the several salvage roller shafts 523, and then the multiple salvage roller shafts 523 at the lower part of the salvage frame 522 can rotate synchronously, so that the salvage chain plate 524 floats and salvages the floating garbage in the ocean to the upper part of the floating body 1, and at the same time, the top end of the salvage chain plate 524 corresponds to the salvage storage device, and the garbage falls into the garbage storage device 51 after being transported up.

[0057] According to the instruction manual Figure 6-9 It can be seen that the tail end of the above-mentioned salvage frame 522 is provided with a cover plate opener and closer 54, and the cover plate opener and closer 54 is linked with the control cover plate 513. The cover plate controller includes a pair of control rods 541 movably connected to both sides of the salvage frame 522, and the ends of the pair of control rods 541 are connected with a pair of linkage rods 542 through a detachable shaft. A pair of guide blocks 543 are provided on both sides of the storage groove 511, and the pair of linkage rods 542 are inserted in the pair of guide blocks 543. The pair of linkage rods 542 can move horizontally in the pair of guide blocks 543, and the ends of the pair of linkage rods 542 are movably connected with both sides of the control cover plate 513 through a pair of connecting rods 544.

[0058] In the specific implementation process, when the angle of the salvage frame 522 changes, the pair of control rods 541 moves accordingly, and then the shafts on the pair of control rods 541 are used to make the pair of linkage rods 542 move synchronously. The pair of linkage rods 542 can only move horizontally, and then through the active connection of the pair of connecting rods 544, the pair of connecting rods 544 can be made to move synchronously when the pair of linkage rods 542 moves. Since the pair of connecting rods 544 are movably connected to both sides of the control cover plate 513, the control cover plate 513 can be driven to rotate around the rotation axis 514.

[0059] Specifically, the horizontal angle of the salvage frame 522 is enlarged when salvaging, so that the salvage frame 522 drives the control cover 513 to open with the rotating shaft 514 as the axis, and the horizontal angle is reduced after the salvage frame 522 is lowered, so that the salvage frame 522 drives the control cover 513 to close on the detachable access cylinder 512, thereby sealing the detachable access cylinder 512.

[0060] According to the instruction manual Figure 6-9 It can be seen that the water pushing controller 53 comprises: a control tube 531, which is installed at the bottom of the floating body 1, arranged along the tangential direction of the floating body 1, and movably connected to the floating body 1 through a rotating shaft 532, a water pushing water wheel 533 is arranged in the control tube 531, and a water wheel driving motor 534 is arranged in the floating body 1, and the driving end of the water wheel driving motor 534 is linked with the water pushing water wheel 533 through a gear set 535;

[0061] During the specific implementation process, the control tube 531 is movably installed at the bottom of the floating body 1 through the rotating shaft 532. The upper part of the rotating shaft 532 controls the rotation of the rotating shaft 532 through a rotating member, thereby realizing a 180° angle adjustment of the axial direction of the control tube 531, and the axial direction of the control tube 531 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the floating body 1. A water wheel driving motor 534 is arranged in the floating body 1. The water wheel driving motor 534 can drive the gear set 535 to drive the water-throwing water wheel 533 to rotate, so that the control tube 531 is used as a duct, and the water-throwing water wheel 533 is used to stir the water, so that the water moves through the control tube 531 along the axial direction of the control tube 531, and the reverse thrust of the water is used to make the control tube 531 pushed by force, so that the floating body 1 rotates with the universal joint 32 as the axis, so that the direction of the salvage device 52 can be adjusted.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation, comprising a floating body (1), wherein the floating body (1) is a disc-shaped floating container, a mounting frame (2) protrudes from the upper part of the floating body (1), and a buoy anchor positioning assembly (3) is arranged at the bottom of the floating body (1), characterized in that: The floating body (1) is provided with a multifunctional detection component (4); The floating body (1) is provided with a plurality of closed chambers (13) in a ring, and the plurality of closed chambers (13) are connected to a floating controller (12), and the floating controller (12) is used to control the draft of the floating body (1); The floating body (1) is placed in the water after the position is determined, and the buoy anchor positioning component (3) is anchored at the position. The detection functions of the multifunctional detection component (4) include water temperature detection, salinity conductivity detection, flow rate detection and pollutant sampling detection; The mounting frame (2) is provided with a circular visual capture guide rail (21), the visual capture guide rail (21) is provided with a video monitor, and the video detector (22) is used to detect the sea surface conditions in the water area; The floating body (1) is provided with a marine garbage salvaging system (5) for salvaging observed garbage; The marine garbage salvaging system (5) comprises a garbage storage (51), wherein the garbage storage (51) is arranged on one side of the top of a floating body (1), and one side of the garbage storage (51) is connected to a salvage device (52). A water-pushing controller (53) is arranged at the bottom of the floating body (1), and the water-pushing controller (53) can be used to push the floating body (1) to rotate, thereby controlling the direction of the salvage device (52) to salvage garbage. The salvage device (52) has an angle adjustment function and can go deep into the water. The garbage is salvaged by the salvage device (52) and then transported to the garbage storage (51).

2. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation frame (2) is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation assembly (23), a wind speed detector (24) and a heading light (25).

3. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation assembly (23) is composed of a plurality of solar panels (231) arranged in a ring on the mounting frame (2) and a storage battery (232) mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame (2). The solar panels (231) convert light energy into electrical energy which is stored in the storage battery (232) through a controller.

4. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating body (1) is a hollow disc-shaped structure. The exterior of the floating body (1) is made of polymer engineering plastic material and is coated with anti-corrosion paint to increase corrosion resistance. The interior of the floating body (1) is supported by a steel frame (11), and the structure of the steel frame (11) matches the shape of the floating body (1).

5. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating controller (12) comprises a through port (131), the bottom of any of the closed chambers (13) is provided with a through port (131), a control valve (132) is provided on the through port (131), the top of the closed chamber (13) is connected to a vacuum control interface (133), and the tail end of the vacuum control interface (133) is connected to a control air pump (121).

6. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buoy anchor positioning assembly (3) comprises an anchor chain (31), the floating body (1) and the buoy anchor positioning assembly (3) are movably connected by a universal joint (32), the anchor chain (31) is connected to the movable end of the universal joint (32), and the bottom end of the anchor chain (31) is connected to a positioning anchor (33).

7. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The garbage storage (51) comprises a storage groove (511). The floating body (1) is provided with a storage groove (511). A detachable storage and access cylinder (512) is installed in the storage groove (511). A control cover plate (513) is arranged on the top of the detachable storage and access cylinder (512). The control cover plate (513) is hinged to the detachable storage and access cylinder (512) via a rotating shaft (514).

8. The multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The salvage device (52) comprises a fixed shaft (521), the fixed shaft (521) is arranged at a radial outer end of one side of the floating body (1), a salvage frame (522) is movably mounted on the fixed shaft (521), the salvage frame (522) is a rectangular structure frame, a movable shaft sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the salvage frame (522) and sleeved on the fixed shaft (521), a plurality of salvage rollers (523) are linked to the salvage frame (522) through a synchronous belt, a salvage chain plate (524) is sleeved on the salvage roller (523), and a salvage power motor (525) is connected to the shaft end of a salvage roller (523).

9. A multifunctional floating structure for ocean observation according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cover plate opener (54) is provided at the rear end of the salvage frame (522), and the cover plate opener (54) is linked to the control cover plate (513).

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