Method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste

Abstract

The invention provides a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste, and relates to the field of resource utilization of the organic waste. Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rod-shaped bacteria are extracted from the stacking fermentation process of a mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues; trichoderma, yeast, cellulase and urease are added to prepare a microbial decomposition agent, and before the microbial decomposition agent is extracted, organic waste is rapidly treated by adopting a physical method, including breaking, and the moisture content is controlled to be 50%-65%. Propagation is carried out by utilizing effective microbial communities extracted from natural fermentation, so that the time of the whole composting process is shortened, and organic wastes are decomposed to enhance the surface reaction volume by virtue of a physical method which mainly adopts a crushing effect, controls the moisture content to be 50-65% and kills diseases and pests, so that lignin and cellulose which are relatively difficult to treat are cracked at the high temperature of 70-80 DEG C, and the yield is improved. The problems of long organic waste treatment period, large occupied area, high investment and high labor consumption are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of resource utilization of organic waste, and in particular to a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste. Background Art

[0002] Fertilization is one of the important resource utilization methods of organic waste. Most domestic organic waste fertilizers need to ferment for 15-20 days to reach harmless standards, and it generally takes 45-60 days to ferment to form high-quality organic fertilizers. The long cycle is the main bottleneck of composting technology. Studies have found that adding caramel and polyethylene glycol, medical stone, waste lime, Chinese medicine residues, etc. can significantly shorten the fermentation cycle. In comparison, inoculating microbial decomposition agents is an effective and economical method. The key to shortening the composting cycle and achieving good composting effects by composting organic waste is how to quickly heat up the pile, and how to reach a high temperature and maintain it for a certain period of time. At present, most of the existing compost fermentation agents can shorten the composting start-up fermentation time compared to natural composting, and the composting cycle is still relatively long.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent CN113716985A discloses a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste and a special stimulating preparation thereof. Its specification discloses: an organic waste composting stimulating preparation, comprising an independently packaged liquid component A and an independently packaged solid component B; the independently packaged liquid component A is a mixed fermentation liquid of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum; the independently packaged solid component B is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 300 to 600 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent, 200 to 600 parts of biochemical fulvic acid raw powder, 300 to 600 parts of biochar, 0.005 to 0.015 parts of gibberellic acid solid preparation, and 0.00001 to 0.01 parts of auxin; the above patent can prove the defects of the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, we made improvements on this and proposed a method to stimulate the rapid decomposition of organic waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing problems that the composting period is still long and the composting period is not complete.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The specific steps of the rapid decomposition method are as follows:

[0008] S1: Extraction of microbial composting agent: Extract Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and rod-shaped bacteria from the piled fermentation process of the mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, and then add Trichoderma, yeast, cellulase, and urease to prepare microbial composting agent. Before extracting the microbial composting agent, physical methods are used to quickly treat organic waste, including fragmentation and controlling the moisture content at 50%-65%. The organic waste is first subjected to low-medium temperature of 30-50 degrees, mainly using yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. to decompose sugars, starches, and proteins, and then heated to more than 70 degrees for 1 hour using equipment, and cooperated with actinomycetes, Bacillus, etc. to break down the more difficult-to-treat lignin and cellulose. At the same time, high temperature can kill Escherichia coli, Salmonella, insect eggs, weed seeds, etc. to complete the conversion process. In addition, the functional enzyme group and the high-temperature resistant microbial group cooperate with each other to extract enzymes, and the enzyme group acts on the organic waste to break down large molecules into small molecules and convert them into organic fertilizers;

[0009] S2: Raw material preparation: Put the mixture of plant straw and animal manure into the fermentation tank;

[0010] S3: Stirring and heating: Stir the mixture in the fermentation tank. When the temperature reaches 30 degrees, add microbial agents and continue heating and stirring. The fermentation tank is sealed for fermentation.

[0011] S4: Control the temperature to complete the production of organic fertilizer. When the temperature of the fermentation tank reaches 70 degrees, stop heating. The total time is 3 hours.

[0012] By expanding the beneficial bacteria extracted from natural fermentation, the entire composting process is shortened. Physical methods are used to decompose organic waste, control the moisture content of 50%-65%, and kill pests, so as to enhance the surface reaction area. High temperatures of 70° to 80° are used to break down the more difficult-to-treat lignin and cellulose, and the problems of long organic waste treatment cycle, large land area, high investment, and high labor are addressed. A variety of microorganisms are extracted from a mixture of cow dung, straw, and fruit and vegetable residues, and specific enzymes are added to prepare microbial composting agents. At the same time, physical methods are used to first crush and control the moisture content, and microorganisms at different temperature stages are used to decompose organic waste. A sealed fermentation tank is used to add microbial agents at a specific temperature and control the heating time, thereby achieving rapid composting of organic waste and shortening the composting time from the traditional long cycle to 3 hours.

[0013] As the preferred technical solution of the present application, each type of organic waste has an independent enzyme group and a thermostable microbial group, which are fused into a composite enzymatic hydrolyzer through sporulation.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the organic waste is crushed to a fine size in step S1 to increase its surface area for easy subsequent processing.

[0015] The above-mentioned method for stimulating rapid composting of organic waste is suitable for treating various organic wastes, including but not limited to cow dung, straw, fruit and vegetable residues, etc., and the composite enzymatic agent that integrates independent enzyme groups and high-temperature resistant microbial groups is used to treat different organic wastes, thereby improving the targetedness and effectiveness of the treatment. The sealed fermentation tank protects the environment and avoids the spread of odor and pollutants. Crushing organic waste increases the surface area and improves the treatment efficiency. In addition, this method is suitable for the treatment of a variety of organic wastes and has wide applicability.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the scheme of this application:

[0018] 1. In order to solve the problem that the composting cycle is still long due to incomplete decomposition in the prior art, the present application utilizes the beneficial bacteria extracted from natural fermentation to expand and multiply, so that the entire decomposition process time is shortened, and physical methods are used to mainly fragment, control the moisture content of 50%-65%, and kill pests and diseases, so that the organic waste is decomposed to enhance the surface reaction area, and the more difficult to handle lignin and cellulose are broken by high temperature of 70° to 80°, so as to solve the problems of long organic waste treatment cycle, large land occupation, high investment, and high labor;

[0019] 2. In order to solve the problems of long organic waste maturation cycle, low efficiency, complex treatment process and easy environmental pollution in the prior art, the present application extracts a variety of microorganisms from a mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues and adds specific enzymes to prepare microbial maturation agents, and at the same time uses physical methods to first crush, control the moisture content and use microorganisms at different temperature stages to decompose organic waste, and uses a sealed fermentation tank to add microbial agents at a specific temperature and control the heating time. The method achieves rapid maturation of organic waste and shortens the maturation time from the traditional long period to 3 hours;

[0020] 3. At the same time, the composite enzymatic hydrolyzer that integrates independent enzyme groups and high-temperature resistant microbial groups is used to treat different organic wastes, thereby improving the targetedness and effectiveness of the treatment. The sealed fermentation tank protects the environment and avoids the spread of odor and pollutants. The crushing of organic waste increases the surface area and improves the treatment efficiency. In addition, this method is suitable for the treatment of a variety of organic wastes and has wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process of a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste is provided for this application;

[0022] Figure 2A schematic flow chart of the discharge steps of a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of organic waste for a method of stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of the operation steps of a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the operating steps and temperature and time flow of a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rapid composting system provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] As described in the background art, the composting cycle is still relatively long due to incomplete decomposition.

[0029] In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste, which is used to shorten the decomposition time from the traditional longer period to 3 hours.

[0030] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1-6 The method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste specifically comprises:

[0031] S1: Extracting microbial decomposition agent: extracting Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and rod-shaped bacteria from the piled fermentation process of the mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, and then adding Trichoderma, yeast, cellulase, and urease to prepare a microbial decomposition agent;

[0032] S2: Raw material preparation: Put the mixture of plant straw and animal manure into the fermentation tank;

[0033] S3: stirring and heating: stirring the mixture in the fermentation tank and adding microbial inoculants;

[0034] S4: Control the temperature to complete the production of organic fertilizer.

[0035] The invention provides a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste, which utilizes the beneficial bacteria extracted from natural fermentation to expand and multiply, thereby shortening the time of the entire decomposition process, and mainly utilizes physical methods such as fragmentation, controlling the moisture content by 50%-65%, and killing pests to decompose the organic waste and enhance the surface reaction area, and utilizes a high temperature of 70° to 80° to break down the more difficult-to-treat lignin and cellulose, thereby addressing the problems of long organic waste treatment cycle, large land area, high investment, and high labor force.

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0038] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0039] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-6 A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste, firstly extracting microbial decomposition agents, extracting Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and rod-shaped bacteria from the piled fermentation process of a mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, and then adding Trichoderma, yeast, cellulase, and urease to prepare microbial decomposition agents, and then putting the mixture of plant straw and animal feces into a fermentation tank, and then stirring the mixture in the fermentation tank until the temperature reaches 30 degrees, adding microbial agents and continuing to heat and stir, controlling the temperature during the process until the production of organic fertilizer is completed, and specifically stopping the heating when the temperature of the fermentation tank reaches 70 degrees, and the total time is 3 hours.

[0040] To process the mixture of cow dung and straw, first, the cow dung and straw are physically treated, including crushing them to a suitable particle size and controlling the moisture content at about 55%. Then, the treated organic waste is placed in an environment of 40 degrees and yeast and photosynthetic bacteria are used to preliminarily decompose sugars, starches and protein substances. Next, the required microorganisms are extracted from the accumulated fermentation of the pre-prepared mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, and microbial composting agents are prepared by adding Trichoderma, yeast, etc. The cow dung and straw mixture is put into a sealed fermentation tank, and the microbial agent is added when the temperature reaches 30 degrees. The heating and stirring are continued. When the temperature of the fermentation tank reaches 70 degrees, the heating is stopped, and the organic fertilizer production is completed after 3 hours.

[0041] Example 2, a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in Example 1 is further optimized. Specifically, physical methods are used for rapid treatment, including crushing organic waste, controlling the moisture content at 50%-65%, and killing pests and diseases. The organic waste is first subjected to low-medium temperature of 30 to 50 degrees, mainly using yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. to decompose sugars, starches, and proteins, and then heated to above 70 degrees for 1 hour using equipment, and cooperated with actinomycetes, Bacillus, etc. to break down the more difficult-to-treat lignin and cellulose. At the same time, the high temperature can kill Escherichia coli, Salmonella, insect eggs, weed seeds, etc. to complete the conversion process.

[0042] By utilizing the beneficial bacteria extracted from natural fermentation to expand and multiply, the entire composting process is shortened. Physical methods are used to mainly fragment, control the moisture content at 50%-65%, and kill pests and diseases, so that the organic waste is decomposed and the surface reaction area is enhanced. The more difficult-to-treat lignin and cellulose are broken down at a high temperature of 70° to 80°, thus addressing the problems of long organic waste treatment cycle, large land area, high investment, and high labor demand.

[0043] To process the mixture of fruit and vegetable residues and animal feces, first crush the fruit and vegetable residues and animal feces to increase the surface area, then control the moisture content at 60%, use specific microorganisms to decompose some substances at 35 degrees, then extract the microbial composting agent, put it into the fermentation tank, follow the steps, and finally complete the production of organic fertilizer within 3 hours.

[0044] Example 3 further optimizes a method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided in Example 1 or 2. Specifically, the organic waste in S1 is crushed to a fine degree.

[0045] To process a mixture of various organic wastes, different types of organic wastes such as cow dung, straw, fruit and vegetable residues, etc. are mixed and processed. First, physical treatment and moisture control are carried out, and corresponding microorganisms are used to decompose them at different temperature stages. The composite enzymatic hydrolyzer for the mixed waste is extracted and put into the fermentation tank. The operation is carried out strictly according to the temperature and time requirements to achieve rapid decomposition into organic fertilizer.

[0046] The composite enzymatic hydrolyzer that integrates independent enzyme groups and high-temperature resistant microbial groups is used to treat different organic wastes, thereby improving the targetedness and effectiveness of the treatment. The sealed fermentation tank protects the environment and avoids the spread of odor and pollutants. The crushing of organic waste increases the surface area and improves the treatment efficiency. In addition, this method is suitable for the treatment of a variety of organic wastes and has wide applicability.

[0047] The method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste provided by the present invention is used as follows:

[0048] First, collect organic waste, including but not limited to cow dung, straw, and fruit and vegetable residues, and then crush and chop the collected organic waste to reduce its particle size and increase its surface area to facilitate subsequent microbial action, and adjust the moisture content of the organic waste to 50%-65%. The appropriate moisture range can be achieved by adding an appropriate amount of water or mixing with dry materials, followed by low-medium temperature pretreatment: place the organic waste in an environment of 30-50 degrees, and use yeast, photosynthetic bacteria and other microorganisms to decompose sugars, starches, and protein substances. At the same time, this process can also preliminarily kill some pests and diseases, and then enter the stage of extracting microbial composting agents: extract Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, rod-shaped bacteria and other microorganisms from the piled fermentation process of the mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, add Trichoderma, yeast, cellulase, urease and other substances, and the functional enzyme group and the high-temperature resistant microbial group cooperate with each other to extract the enzyme;

[0049] Then put the raw materials into the fermentation tank: put the physically treated plant straw and animal feces mixture into the sealed fermentation tank, stir the mixture in the fermentation tank, and when the temperature reaches 30 degrees, add the extracted microbial agent, continue heating and stirring, and use the equipment to raise the temperature of the fermentation tank to above 70 degrees and keep it for about 1 hour. In this process, actinomycetes, Bacillus and other microorganisms are used to break down the more difficult-to-process lignin and cellulose. At the same time, high temperature can kill Escherichia coli, Salmonella, insect eggs, weed seeds, etc.

[0050] When the temperature of the fermentation tank reaches 70 degrees, the heating is stopped. The total time of the whole process is 3 hours, and the production of organic fertilizer is completed.

[0051] In addition, for different types of organic waste, specific operating parameters can be adjusted according to actual characteristics: moisture content, temperature, etc. At the same time, each type of organic waste has an independent enzyme group and high-temperature resistant microbial group, which are integrated into a composite enzymatic agent through sporulation to improve the treatment effect and targeting.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste, characterized in that: The specific steps of the rapid decomposition method are as follows: S1: Extracting microbial decomposition agent: extracting Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis, basidiomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and rod-shaped bacteria from the piled fermentation process of the mixture of cow dung, straw and fruit and vegetable residues, and then adding Trichoderma, yeast, cellulase, and urease to prepare a microbial decomposition agent; S2: Raw material preparation: a mixture of plant straw and animal manure is put into the fermentation tank; S3: stirring and heating: stirring the mixture in the fermentation tank and adding microbial inoculants; S4: Control the temperature to complete the production of organic fertilizer.

2. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the process of extracting the microbial composting agent in S1, physical methods are used for rapid processing, including fragmentation, controlling the moisture content, and breaking down the more difficult-to-process lignin and cellulose by high temperature.

3. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: Control the moisture content at 50%-65% and the high temperature cracking temperature at 70°-80°.

4. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of S1 extracting the microbial composting agent, the functional enzyme group and the high temperature resistant microbial group cooperate with each other to extract the enzyme.

5. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the process of extracting the microbial composting agent in S1, the enzyme group reacts with the organic waste to break down the macromolecules into small molecules and convert them into organic fertilizer.

6. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 fermentation tank is sealed for fermentation, the temperature reaches 30 degrees, and microbial inoculants are added to continue heating and stirring.

7. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, heating is stopped when the temperature of the fermentation tank reaches 70 degrees, and the total time is 3 hours.

8. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each type of organic waste has an independent enzyme group and a high-temperature resistant microbial group, which are fused into a composite enzymatic hydrolyzer through sporulation.

9. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The organic waste in S1 is crushed to a finer degree.

10. A method for stimulating rapid decomposition of organic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 9, suitable for treating various organic wastes, including but not limited to cow dung, straw, fruit and vegetable residues, etc.

Images