Moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production as well as preparation method and application of moisturizing synergist

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural plant growth regulators, and discloses a moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 5.0 to 40.0 parts of moisturizing agent, 2.0 to 20.0 parts of sugar, 1.2 to 10.0 parts of amino acid, 0.5 to 3.0 parts of nitrogen phosphorus potassium inorganic salt, 0.4 to 3.6 parts of surfactant and 45.5 to 87.5 parts of water, the humectant is a mixture of polyacrylate and glycerol. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the fertilizer in rice cultivation and seed production in dry and hot air climate. The moisturizing synergist disclosed by the invention can continuously absorb moisture in air even under the condition that the air humidity is very low, so that the requirements of organs such as rice leaves, pollen and stigmas on moisture are ensured, the activity of the stigma pollen is improved, and the damage to rice due to high nutrient concentration under the condition of'dry and hot air 'is avoided, thereby promoting the growth of the rice and improving the yield of the rice. The stress resistance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural plant growth regulators, and in particular relates to an environmentally friendly moisture-retaining synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many studies on increasing the yield of rice or other crops by using base fertilizer or water-soluble foliar fertilizer. However, the purpose of the research is not to reduce the yield caused by the "dry hot wind" damage, and the technical approach to achieve the research purpose is also single. They mainly increase the nutrition of plants from the perspective of plant nutrition to achieve the purpose of increasing production. The application scenarios of these products do not include "dry hot wind". Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out targeted and specialized technical research on preventing the disaster of "dry hot wind", improving the yield and quality of rice cultivation or hybrid rice seed production, and solving the problem of rice yield reduction caused by "dry hot wind" to ensure my country's rice seed supply and food security.

[0003] The reproductive growth period of rice is the most sensitive to high temperatures. High temperatures can easily cause poor development of rice pollen, a decrease in anther cracking rate, abnormal growth of pollen tubes, a decrease in pollen germination rate, and obstruction of male and female fertilization, leading to a decrease in rice fruit set rate. In particular, high temperature and "dry hot wind" weather during the heading and flowering period of hybrid rice seed production plays a decisive role in seed production yields, which can cause a yield reduction of more than 40%. At the same time, low humidity, high wind speed and other weather conditions also affect rice flowering and pollen shedding, which is not conducive to cross-pollination and fruit set of the female parent. However, the current planting methods for improving rice fruit set rate are It is difficult to achieve good results in cultivation methods or technologies (rational fertilization, irrigation management, pest and disease control, disaster prevention and mitigation measures, application of plant growth hormones, etc.), especially in the weather conditions of "dry hot wind", due to the instantaneous rapid evaporation and loss of water on the rice leaves, "this situation is extremely unfavorable for the rice to absorb foliar fertilizer, resulting in excessive concentration of foliar fertilizer and damage to rice. Therefore, in-depth research to solve the problem of serious yield reduction in rice cultivation or breeding caused by "Fire South Wind" (also known as dry hot wind) is of great practical significance.

[0004] In fact, whether the composite technology of water-soluble polymer moisturizing materials can solve the problem of rice yield reduction caused by "dry hot wind" has not been reported in the literature. The main reason is that the molecular size of water-soluble polymers is larger than that of water-soluble inorganic salts. The composite technology of polymer moisturizers may cause the stomata of plant leaves to be blocked by polymer materials, affecting respiration, shielding light to affect photosynthesis, and hindering plant nutrient absorption. Therefore, researchers have ignored the function and effect of its use in plant moisturizing and yield increase. It is only used for food or cosmetic moisturizing or other fields. So far, there is no professional control agent in China specifically for overcoming the harm of "dry hot wind" to rice. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the problem of reduced yield of rice due to extreme weather "dry hot wind", the present invention provides an environmentally friendly moisture-retaining synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5.0-40.0 parts of moisturizing agent, 2.0-20.0 parts of sugar, 1.2-10.0 parts of amino acid, 0.5-3.0 parts of inorganic salts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 0.4-3.6 parts of surfactant and 45.5-87.5 parts of water; the moisturizing agent is a mixture of polyacrylate and glycerol.

[0007] In the above-mentioned moisturizing enhancer, preferably, the polyacrylate is sodium polyacrylate, and the mass ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to glycerol is 1-5:1.

[0008] Preferably, the sugar includes at least one of glucose, pentose, hexose, sucrose, lactose and maltose; the amino acid includes at least one of glutamic acid, arginine, threonine, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and methionine. The sugar is preferably glucose, which can provide energy to rice, maintain vitality, promote growth, has low price and good application effect. The amino acids are preferably threonine and glycine, which have the effects and functions of resisting adverse stress, increasing yield and improving quality.

[0009] Preferably, the inorganic salts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium include water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds, potassium-containing compounds and potassium-containing compounds, the nitrogen-containing compounds include urea, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate, the phosphorus-containing compounds include sodium hypophosphite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium phosphate, and the potassium-containing compounds include potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Preferably, the nitrogen-containing compound is urea, the phosphorus-containing compound is sodium hypophosphite and the potassium-containing compound is potassium sulfate. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds supplement nutrients for rice and promote rice growth and firmness.

[0010] Preferably, the surfactant includes a water-soluble surfactant with HLB≥7, which can be selected from any one or more of amino acid surfactants, Tween surfactants, sulfate surfactants, and alkyl glycosides; the amino acid surfactant is selected from any one or more of potassium cocamide glutamate and sodium cocoyl glycinate, the Tween surfactant is selected from any one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 80, the sulfate surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, and the alkyl glycoside is selected from any one or more of dodecyl glucoside and tetradecyl glucoside. More preferably, the surfactant is an amino acid surfactant or an alkyl glycoside, which has mild performance, low irritation, can effectively reduce the surface tension of water, and promote rice to absorb the beneficial functional components and nutrients in the moisturizing enhancer.

[0011] Preferably, the moisturizing synergist comprises the following components by weight: 12.0-24.0 parts of moisturizing agent, 3.5-10.0 parts of sugar, 2.2-6.8 parts of amino acid, 0.9-2.0 parts of inorganic salts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1.0-3.0 parts of surfactant, and 45.5-87.5 parts of water. This combination is not easy to breed bacteria, will not lose effectiveness due to rapid biodegradation, and the raw materials are non-toxic and harmless, and the cost is low.

[0012] The preparation method of the moisturizing synergist comprises the following steps: adding sugar, amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic salts and surfactant into water to dissolve, then adding moisturizing agent and stirring to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, 60 The product is obtained after being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5-10 kGy in a Coγ-ray field.

[0013] The components of the moisturizing enhancer contain nutrients required by microorganisms such as sugars and amino acids, which are easy to breed bacteria and spoil during storage. 60 The Coγ-ray sterilization storage method can be stored at room temperature after sterilization with a radiation dose of 5-50kGy. The shelf life can reach more than 1 year, avoiding the addition of toxic chemical bactericidal preservatives (such as sodium benzoate, dimethyl fumarate, parabens, etc.) into the product.

[0014] Based on a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides an application of a moisturizing enhancer in rice cultivation and seed production under a "dry hot wind" climate.

[0015] In the above application, preferably, the moisturizing enhancer is diluted 50-500 times by volume and then sprayed on rice during the heading stage, with the spraying site being the leaf surface, stigma or pollen of the rice.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The moisturizing enhancer of the present invention has water-soluble high molecular weight polyacrylate and glycerin as main components. Even when the air humidity is very low, it can continuously absorb moisture in the air, thereby ensuring the moisture needs of rice leaves, pollen, stigma and other organs, and improving the activity of stigma pollen.

[0017] 2. The moisture absorbed by the moisturizing synergist of the present invention reduces the concentration of other components in the moisturizing synergist on various organs of rice, avoiding the damage of rice due to high nutrient concentration under the "dry hot wind" conditions, thereby promoting rice growth and improving stress resistance. The combined efficacy of the moisturizing synergist of the present invention can achieve the purpose of increasing rice or hybrid rice seed production under the "dry hot wind" climate, and solve or reduce the yield reduction damage caused by the "dry hot wind" to rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is the growth effect of the moisturizing enhancers D and E in Example 4-5 on the 35th day after being used for hybrid rice seed production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0023] Embodiment 1: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following steps: weighing 3.0 grams of glucose, 1.2 grams of threonine, 1.0 grams of glycine, 0.2 grams of urea, 0.1 grams of sodium hypophosphite, 0.2 grams of potassium sulfate, 0.3 grams of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.1 grams of sodium dodecyl sulfate, adding them to 85.0 grams of water (in no particular order) to dissolve, then adding 5.2 grams of moisturizing agent (including 4.0 grams of glycerol and 1.2 grams of sodium polyacrylate), stirring and dissolving into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then adding 5.2 grams of moisturizing agent (including 4.0 grams of glycerol and 1.2 grams of sodium polyacrylate) to dissolve the mixture. 60 After sterilization by radiation dose of 5 kGy in Coγ-ray field, moisturizing enhancer A was obtained.

[0024] Embodiment 2: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following steps: weighing 3.5 grams of sucrose, 3.0 grams of maltose, 1.2 grams of threonine, 4.0 grams of glycine, 0.45 grams of urea, 0.1 grams of sodium hypophosphite, 0.3 grams of potassium sulfate, 0.5 grams of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.3 grams of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, adding them to 80.0 grams of water (in no particular order) to dissolve, then adding 8.0 grams of moisturizing agent (including 4.0 grams of glycerol and 4.0 grams of sodium polyacrylate), stirring and dissolving into a transparent homogeneous solution, and 60 After sterilization by radiation dose of 10 kGy in Coγ-ray field, moisturizing enhancer B was obtained.

[0025] Embodiment 3: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following steps: weighing 8.0 grams of glucose, 1.5 grams of maltose, 1.2 grams of threonine, 2.0 grams of glycine, 1.0 grams of urea, 0.1 grams of sodium hypophosphite, 0.2 grams of potassium sulfate, 0.35 grams of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.5 grams of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, adding them to 85.0 grams of water (in no particular order) to dissolve, then adding 16.0 grams of moisturizing agent (including 4.0 grams of glycerol and 12.0 grams of sodium polyacrylate), stirring and dissolving into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then 60C After sterilization in a gamma ray field with a radiation dose of 15 kGy, moisturizing enhancer C was obtained.

[0026] Embodiment 4: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following steps: weighing 3.0 g of glucose, 5.0 g of sucrose, 2.4 g of threonine, 5.6 g of glycine, 1.0 g of urea, 0.3 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.5 g of potassium sulfate, 1.5 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.5 g of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, adding them to 87.0 g of water (in no particular order) to dissolve, then adding 18.2 g of moisturizing agent (including 3.2 g of glycerol and 15.0 g of sodium polyacrylate), stirring and dissolving to form a transparent homogeneous solution, and 60After sterilization by radiation dose of 30 kGy in Coγ-ray field, moisturizing enhancer D was obtained.

[0027] Embodiment 5: A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following steps: weighing 9.0 g of glucose, 0.5 g of maltose, 2.0 g of threonine, 3.6 g of lysine, 0.3 g of urea, 0.2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.4 g of potassium sulfate, 1.2 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.2 g of tetradecyl glucoside, adding them to 80.0 g of water (in no particular order) to dissolve, then adding 30.0 g of moisturizing agent (including 5.0 g of glycerol and 25.0 g of sodium polyacrylate), stirring and dissolving into a transparent homogeneous solution, and 60 After sterilization by radiation dose of 45 kGy in Coγ-ray field, moisturizing enhancer E was obtained.

[0028] 1. In order to verify the storage effect of the products in Examples 1-5, the following experiments are provided: In the implementation process of Examples 1-5, 60 The composition sterilized by Coγ rays is used as a control sample (such as moisturizing enhancer A is marked as A0 before radiation sterilization, moisturizing enhancer B is marked as B0 before radiation sterilization, and so on), which is sealed and stored at room temperature for 1 year to observe the storage stability (the colony count is tested in accordance with GB / T 4789.2-2010 "Determination of total colony count in food microbiology examination", and the smell and color are evaluated by sensory evaluation).

[0029] Table 1: Comparison of storage effects of the moisturizing enhancers of Examples 1-5

[0030] The results in Table 1 show that the moisturizing enhancer after radiation sterilization is stable in storage, bright in color, and has no sour or rancid odor.

[0031] 2. In order to verify the hygroscopic properties of the products in Examples 1-5, the following experiments are provided: The moisturizing enhancers A, B, C, D, and E in Examples 1-5 are samples A, B, C, D, and E, and the composition in Examples 1-5 without the moisturizing enhancer component is sample A. # , B # , C # , D # 、E # (Among the moisturizing enhancers A, B, C, D and E, the moisturizing components: polyacrylate and glycerin are omitted and replaced with water of the same mass to prepare a composition without the moisturizing component).

[0032] Place 10.0000 g of sample in a weighing bottle of the same specification of 50×30 mm (inner diameter×inner height) without a cover, and dry it to constant weight in a vacuum dryer (0.08 MPa, 35°C), recorded as G0. Then place all samples in the same sealed glass desiccator (no desiccant is placed in the glass desiccator, and 200-400 g of water is placed at the bottom) for more than 48 hours, and measure the weight of water absorbed by the sample multiple times until the sample absorbs saturated water and the weight no longer changes. At this time, the sample weight is recorded as G1, and the hygroscopicity H=[(G1- G0) / G0]×100%.

[0033] Table 2: Hygroscopic properties of the moisturizing enhancers of Examples 1-5

[0034] The results in Table 2 show that the moisturizing enhancers containing moisturizing components have better moisture absorption performance than the compositions without moisturizing components, among which the moisture absorption performances of moisturizing enhancers D and E are the best, which are 125.5% and 130.4%, respectively.

[0035] 3. In order to verify the effect of the products in Examples 1-5 on rice cultivation and seed production, the following experiments are provided: A rice-Tianyou Huazhan pot experiment was carried out in a net room covered with a solar film (without rainwater), with 5 kg of soil in each pot, and the blank and the embodiment were repeated 10 times. The water layer in the pot was 2-4 cm deep during the rice growth period, and 2.0 g of compound fertilizer was applied to each pot during the rice tillering period. The full growth period of rice was 115 days.

[0036] The moisturizing enhancers A, B, C, D, and E in Examples 1-5 are samples A, B, C, D, and E, and the composition in Examples 1-5 without the moisturizing enhancer component is sample A. # , B # , C # , D # 、E # (In moisturizing enhancers A, B, C, D, and E, the moisturizing components: polyacrylate and glycerin were omitted and replaced with water of the same mass to prepare a composition without moisturizing components.) The sample was diluted 300 times by volume with water, and each rice plant was sprayed with 4.5 g of the diluent, and the blank was sprayed with 4.5 g of water. The spraying site was the aboveground part of the rice (including stems, leaves, stigma / pollen).

[0037] The test data is averaged and calculated as K=[(X1- X0) / X0]×100%. X1 is one of the moisturizing enhancers A, B, C, D, and E, and X0 is the corresponding composition without moisturizing enhancer components. The growth percentages of plant height, leaf width, and grain yield are calculated according to this formula.

[0038] Table 3: Rice growth

[0039] The results in Table 3 show that, compared with the composition without the moisturizing agent component, the moisturizing synergist of the present invention is more beneficial to the growth of rice, manifested as wider rice leaves, higher plant height, and better millet yield. The millet yields after spraying the moisturizing synergists D and E in Example 4 and Example 5 increased by 19.0% and 12.76% respectively compared with the blank group.

[0040] From the above experiments, it can be seen that the moisturizing synergist with good moisturizing performance has better effects on promoting rice growth and increasing yield. Among them, the moisturizing synergists D and E in Examples 4-5 have particularly good effects. Therefore, the present invention selects these two moisturizing synergists for the breeding of field hybrid rice, further demonstrating the beneficial effects of the present invention on hybrid rice seed production. See Figure 1 。

[0041] Example 6: An application of a moisturizing synergist in rice cultivation and seed production under the "dry hot wind" climate, the operation steps are as follows: Dilute the moisturizing synergist by 50-500 times in volume and spray it during the booting stage of rice, and the spraying part is the above-ground part of the rice.

[0042] The hybrid rice seed production experiment was arranged in Taihe Town, Chenzhou, Hunan. There is a phenomenon of reduced seed production caused by the "dry hot wind" hazard in this area.

[0043] Experimental description: Female parent - Wei 338S, male parent - Huahui 8612; sowing time of the female parent is June 10th, sowing time of the first-stage male parent is June 7th, sowing time of the second-stage male parent is June 14th; row spacing is 27 cm, the planting density of the male parent is 10.0 cm × 30.0 cm, the two-stage male parents are planted in a "pin" shape, and the planting density of the female parent is 16.7 cm × 20.0 cm. During the booting stage of the female parent, the large field is divided into 15 rectangular test plots, each test plot contains 30 male parents and 150 female parents, and each test sample is repeated 3 times (i.e., 3 test plots). On August 23rd (booting stage), spray the moisturizing synergist once on the female and male parents of the treated samples (1200 g of each of the diluted moisturizing synergists D and E are used in each test plot), and spray 1200 g of water for the blank, and the spraying part is the above-ground part of the rice (including stems, leaf surfaces, stigmas / pollen). On September 8th (flowering stage), spray gibberellic acid on the male parents of each plot once, with a dosage of 20 g / mu. On September 9th (flowering stage), spray gibberellic acid on the male and female parents of each plot once, with a dosage of 26 g / mu. On October 9th, harvest the seeds according to the "five-point sampling method", take 9 plants from each plot for overall sample examination, and analyze the data using SPSS 27.0 software.

[0044] Table 4: Moisturizing synergist used in hybrid rice seed production

[0045] The results in Table 4 show that the moisturizing enhancer of the present invention can effectively resist "dry hot wind" and increase the number of effective rice ears, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing yield.

[0046] In order to investigate the effect of the moisturizing synergist on the germination rate of hybrid rice seed production, a germination rate experiment was conducted on the seeds prepared in this example according to the national standard GB4404.1-2008, as shown in Table 5.

[0047] Table 5: Seed germination rate

[0048] The results in Table 5 show that the germination rate of hybrid rice meets the key indicators in the national mandatory standards (the minimum requirement is not less than 80%), and there is no significant difference between the germination rate of seeds sprayed with moisturizing enhancers and the blank (analyzed using SPSS26.0).

Claims

1. A moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5.0-40.0 parts of moisturizing agent, 2.0-20.0 parts of sugar, 1.2-10.0 parts of amino acid, 0.5-3.0 parts of inorganic salt of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 0.4-3.6 parts of surfactant and 45.5-87.5 parts of water; the moisturizing agent is a mixture of polyacrylate and glycerol.

2. The moisturizing enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyacrylate is sodium polyacrylate, and the mass ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to glycerol is 1-5:

1.

3. The moisturizing enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that The sugar includes at least one of glucose, pentose, hexose, sucrose, lactose and maltose; and the amino acid includes at least one of glutamic acid, arginine, threonine, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and methionine.

4. The moisturizing enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic salts include water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds, potassium-containing compounds and potassium-containing compounds.

5. The moisturizing enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that The surfactant includes a water-soluble surfactant with HLB≥7.

6. The moisturizing enhancer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surfactant is selected from any one or more of amino acid surfactants, Tween surfactants, sulfate surfactants, and alkyl glycosides; the amino acid surfactant is selected from any one or more of potassium cocamide glutamate and sodium cocoyl glycinate; the Tween surfactant is selected from any one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 80; the sulfate surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate; the alkyl glycoside is selected from any one or more of dodecyl glucoside and tetradecyl glucoside.

7. The moisturizing enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The moisturizing synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12.0-24.0 parts of moisturizing agent, 3.5-10.0 parts of sugar, 2.2-6.8 parts of amino acid, 0.9-2.0 parts of inorganic salt of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1.0-3.0 parts of surfactant and 45.5-87.5 parts of water.

8. A method for preparing the moisturizing enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: adding sugar, amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic salts and surfactant into water to dissolve, then adding moisturizer and stirring to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, 60 The product is obtained after being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5-10 kGy in a Coγ-ray field.

9. Use of the moisturizing enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for rice cultivation and seed production under a "dry hot wind" climate.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The moisturizing synergist is diluted 50-500 times in volume and then sprayed on the rice during the heading stage, with the spraying site being the above-ground part of the rice.

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