A moisture retention synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of agricultural plant growth regulators, and discloses a moisturizing synergist for rice cultivation and seed production, which comprises the following components in mass fraction: a moisturizing agent 5.0-40.0 parts, sugar 2.0-20.0 parts, amino acid 1.2-10.0 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium inorganic salt 0.5-3.0 parts, surfactant 0.4-3.6 parts, and water 45.5-87.5 parts; the moisturizing agent is a mixture of polyacrylic acid salt and glycerol. The preparation method and application of the moisturizing synergist in rice cultivation and seed production under a 'dry hot wind' climate are also disclosed. The moisturizing synergist of the application can continuously absorb moisture in the air even under a very low air humidity condition, thereby ensuring the need of rice leaf blades, pollen, stigma and other organs for water, improving the activity of stigma and pollen, and avoiding the damage of rice caused by high nutrient concentration under the 'dry hot wind' condition, so that the growth of rice can be promoted and the stress resistance can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to an environmentally friendly moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Numerous studies have explored methods to increase the yield of rice or other crops using basal fertilizers or water-soluble foliar fertilizers. However, these studies do not primarily address yield reductions caused by hot and dry winds, and the technological approaches used to achieve these goals are often limited. They mainly focus on increasing plant nutrition to boost yields, but these products are not applicable to hot and dry winds. Therefore, targeted research into technologies to prevent hot and dry wind disasters and improve the yield and quality of rice cultivation or hybrid rice seed production is crucial for addressing rice yield reductions caused by hot and dry winds and is essential for ensuring my country's rice seed supply and food security.

[0003] The reproductive growth stage of rice is the most sensitive period to high temperatures. High temperatures easily cause poor pollen development, decreased anther dehiscence rate, abnormal pollen tube growth, reduced pollen germination rate, and hindered fertilization, leading to a decrease in rice seed setting rate. In particular, hot and dry winds during the heading and flowering stage of hybrid rice seed production play a decisive role in seed yield, potentially causing yield reductions of over 40%. Simultaneously, low humidity and high wind speeds also affect rice flowering and pollen shedding, which is detrimental to cross-pollination of the female parent. However, current methods for improving rice seed setting rate... Cultivation methods or techniques (rational fertilization, irrigation management, pest and disease control, disaster prevention and mitigation measures, application of plant growth hormones, etc.) are often ineffective, especially under hot and dry wind conditions. The rapid evaporation of water from rice leaves under these conditions is extremely detrimental to the absorption of foliar fertilizers, leading to excessively high fertilizer concentrations that damage the rice. Therefore, in-depth research into solving the problem of severe yield reduction in rice cultivation or breeding caused by hot and dry winds is of significant practical importance.

[0004] In fact, no literature reports on whether the use of water-soluble polymer moisturizing materials can solve the problem of reduced rice yield caused by hot and dry winds. The main reason is that the molecular size of water-soluble polymers is larger than that of water-soluble inorganic salts. This polymer moisturizing agent compounding technology may cause problems such as clogging of plant leaf stomata, affecting respiration, blocking light and affecting photosynthesis, and hindering plant nutrient absorption. Therefore, researchers have neglected to study its function and effect on plant moisturizing and yield increase. Furthermore, its application in food or cosmetic moisturizing or other fields is currently limited to specialized pesticides for overcoming the damage caused by hot and dry winds in rice. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problem of reduced rice yield caused by extreme weather conditions such as hot and dry winds by providing an environmentally friendly moisture-retaining and enhancing agent for rice cultivation and seed production, along with its preparation method and application.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0007] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5.0-40.0 parts of moisture-retaining agent, 2.0-20.0 parts of sugar, 1.2-10.0 parts of amino acids, 0.5-3.0 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic salts, 0.4-3.6 parts of surfactant, and 45.5-87.5 parts of water; wherein the moisture-retaining agent is a mixture of polyacrylate and glycerol.

[0008] Preferably, the polyacrylate in the above-mentioned moisturizing synergist is sodium polyacrylate, and the mass ratio of sodium polyacrylate to glycerin is 1-5:1.

[0009] Preferably, the sugar includes at least one selected from glucose, pentose, hexose, sucrose, lactose, and maltose; the amino acid includes at least one selected from glutamic acid, arginine, threonine, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and methionine. Glucose is preferred as it provides energy to rice, maintains its vitality, promotes growth, is inexpensive, and has good application effects. Threonine and glycine are preferred as they have the effects and functions of resisting abiotic stress, increasing yield, and improving quality.

[0010] Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic salts include water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds, potassium-containing compounds, and potassium-containing compounds. The nitrogen-containing compounds include urea, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfate; the phosphorus-containing compounds include sodium hypophosphite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium phosphate; and the potassium-containing compounds include potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Preferably, the nitrogen-containing compound is urea, the phosphorus-containing compound is sodium hypophosphite, and the potassium-containing compound is potassium sulfate. These nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compounds supplement nutrients for rice, promoting rice growth and grain filling.

[0011] Preferably, the surfactant comprises a water-soluble surfactant with HLB ≥ 7, selected from one or more of amino acid surfactants, Tween surfactants, sulfate surfactants, and alkyl glycosides; the amino acid surfactant is selected from one or more of potassium cocoamide glutamate and sodium cocoyl glycinate; the Tween surfactant is selected from one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 80; the sulfate surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate; and the alkyl glycoside is selected from one or more of dodecyl glucoside and tetradecyl glucoside. More preferably, the surfactant is an amino acid surfactant or an alkyl glycoside, which are mild, have low irritation, and can effectively reduce the surface tension of water, promoting the absorption of beneficial functional components and nutrients in the moisture-retaining synergist by rice.

[0012] Preferably, the moisturizing synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12.0-24.0 parts moisturizer, 3.5-10.0 parts sugar, 2.2-6.8 parts amino acids, 0.9-2.0 parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic salts, 1.0-3.0 parts surfactant, and 45.5-87.5 parts water. This combination is not prone to bacterial growth, will not become ineffective due to rapid biodegradation, and the raw materials are non-toxic, harmless, and low in cost.

[0013] The preparation method of the moisturizing synergist includes the following steps: dissolving sugar, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic salts, and surfactants in water, then adding a moisturizing agent and stirring to dissolve it into a transparent homogeneous solution. 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5-10 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, it is obtained.

[0014] The moisturizing and enhancing agent contains nutrients such as sugars and amino acids required by microorganisms, making it prone to bacterial growth and spoilage during storage. Therefore, this invention employs... 60 The Co-γ ray sterilization and storage method involves sterilization with a radiation dose of 5-50 kGy and storage at room temperature, with a shelf life of more than one year. This avoids the addition of toxic chemical bactericides and preservatives (such as sodium benzoate, dimethyl fumarate, p-hydroxybenzoate, etc.) to the product.

[0015] Based on a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides an application of a moisturizing synergist in rice cultivation and seed production under "hot and dry wind" climate conditions.

[0016] In the above-mentioned application, preferably, the moisturizing and enhancing agent is diluted 50-500 times by volume and sprayed during the booting stage of rice. The spraying sites are the leaves, stigmas, or pollen of the rice.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The moisturizing synergist of the present invention uses water-soluble high molecular weight polyacrylate and glycerin as the main components. Even when the air humidity is very low, it can continuously absorb moisture from the air, thereby ensuring the water needs of rice leaves, pollen, stigma and other organs, and improving the activity of stigma pollen.

[0019] 2. The moisturizing synergist of the present invention absorbs water, which reduces the concentration of other components in the moisturizing synergist on various organs of rice, thus avoiding damage to rice caused by high nutrient concentration under "hot and dry wind" conditions. Therefore, it promotes rice growth and improves stress resistance. The combined effect of the moisturizing synergist of the present invention can achieve the purpose of increasing the yield of rice or hybrid rice seed production under "hot and dry wind" climate, and solve or reduce the yield reduction damage caused by "hot and dry wind" to rice. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 The moisturizing and enhancing agents D and E in Examples 4-5 are used to assess the growth effect of hybrid rice on the 35th day after seed production. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production includes the following steps: Weigh 3.0 g of glucose, 1.2 g of threonine, 1.0 g of glycine, 0.2 g of urea, 0.1 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.2 g of potassium sulfate, 0.3 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.1 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and dissolve them in 85.0 g of water (in no particular order). Then add 5.2 g of a moisture-retaining agent (including 4.0 g of glycerin and 1.2 g of sodium polyacrylate), stir to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then... 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, moisturizing synergist A is obtained.

[0027] Example 2:

[0028] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production includes the following steps: Weigh 3.5g sucrose, 3.0g maltose, 1.2g threonine, 4.0g glycine, 0.45g urea, 0.1g sodium hypophosphite, 0.3g potassium sulfate, 0.5g dodecyl glucoside, and 0.3g sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, and dissolve them in 80g of water (in no particular order). Then add 8.0g of the moisture-retaining agent (including 4.0g glycerin and 4.0g sodium polyacrylate), stir to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then... 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 10 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, moisturizing synergist B is obtained.

[0029] Example 3:

[0030] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production includes the following steps: Weigh 8.0 g of glucose, 1.5 g of maltose, 1.2 g of threonine, 2.0 g of glycine, 1.0 g of urea, 0.1 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.2 g of potassium sulfate, 0.35 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.5 g of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, and dissolve them in 85.0 g of water (in no particular order). Then add 16.0 g of a moisture-retaining agent (including 4.0 g of glycerin and 12.0 g of sodium polyacrylate), stir to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then... 60C After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 15 kGy in an oγ-ray field, moisturizing and enhancing agent C is obtained.

[0031] Example 4:

[0032] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production includes the following steps: Weigh 3.0 g of glucose, 5.0 g of sucrose, 2.4 g of threonine, 5.6 g of glycine, 1.0 g of urea, 0.3 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.5 g of potassium sulfate, 1.5 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.5 g of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, and dissolve them in 87.0 g of water (in no particular order). Then add 18.2 g of a moisture-retaining agent (including 3.2 g of glycerin and 15.0 g of sodium polyacrylate), stir to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then... 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 30 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, moisturizing synergist D is obtained.

[0033] Example 5:

[0034] A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production includes the following steps: Weigh 9.0 g of glucose, 0.5 g of maltose, 2.0 g of threonine, 3.6 g of lysine, 0.3 g of urea, 0.2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.4 g of potassium sulfate, 1.2 g of dodecyl glucoside, and 0.2 g of tetradecyl glucoside, add them to 80.0 g of water (in no particular order) and dissolve. Then add 30.0 g of a moisture-retaining agent (including 5.0 g of glycerin and 25.0 g of sodium polyacrylate), stir to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution, and then... 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 45 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, moisturizing and enhancing agent E is obtained.

[0035] 1. To verify the storage effect of the products in Examples 1-5, the following experiments were conducted:

[0036] In the implementation of Examples 1-5, it is not accepted 60 The composition sterilized by Co-γ rays was used as a control sample (e.g., moisturizing synergist A was marked as A0 before radiation sterilization, moisturizing synergist B was marked as B0 before radiation sterilization, and so on). It was stored in a sealed container at room temperature for 1 year to observe storage stability (the colony count was tested according to GB / T 4789.2—2010 "Food Microbiology Examination: Determination of Total Colony Count", and sensory evaluation of odor and color was performed).

[0037] Table 1: Comparison of the storage effects of the moisturizing synergists in Examples 1-5

[0038]

[0039] The results in Table 1 show that the moisturizing synergist, after radiation sterilization, is stable, has a clear color, and has no acidic or putrid odor.

[0040] 2. To verify the moisture absorption performance of the products in Examples 1-5, the following experiments were conducted:

[0041] Samples A, B, C, D, and E are the moisturizing synergists A, B, C, D, and E from Examples 1-5, respectively. Sample A is the composition from Examples 1-5 after removing the moisturizing component. # B # C # D # E # (In moisturizing synergists A, B, C, D, and E, the moisturizing components: polyacrylate and glycerin are omitted and replaced with the same mass of water to prepare a composition without moisturizing components).

[0042] Place 10.0000 g of sample in a 50×30 mm (inner diameter×inner height) weighing bottle of the same specifications without a cap, and dry it to constant weight under vacuum desiccant conditions (0.08 MPa, 35℃), which is recorded as G0. Then place all samples in the same sealed glass desiccator (no desiccant is placed in the glass desiccator, and 200-400 g of water is placed at the bottom) for more than 48 hours. Measure the weight of the sample absorbed water multiple times until the sample absorbs water to saturation and the weight no longer changes. The weight of the sample at this time is recorded as G1. The hygroscopic performance H = [(G1-G0) / G0]×100%.

[0043] Table 2: Moisture absorption properties of the moisturizing synergists in Examples 1-5

[0044]

[0045] The results in Table 2 show that the humectant synergists containing humectant components have better moisture absorption properties than the compositions without humectant components. Among them, humectant synergists D and E have the best moisture absorption properties, at 125.5% and 130.4%, respectively.

[0046] 3. To verify the effectiveness of the products in Examples 1-5 in rice cultivation and seed production, the following experiments were conducted:

[0047] A rice-Tianyou Huazhan pot experiment was conducted in a netted room covered with a solar film (without rainwater). Each pot contained 5 kg of soil. The control and the example were repeated 10 times. During the rice growing season, the water depth in the pot was 2-4 cm. During the rice tillering stage, 2.0 g of compound fertilizer was applied to each pot. The entire growth period of rice was 115 days.

[0048] Samples A, B, C, D, and E are the moisturizing synergists A, B, C, D, and E from Examples 1-5, respectively. Sample A is the composition from Examples 1-5 after removing the moisturizing component. # B # C # D # E #(In moisturizing synergists A, B, C, D, and E, the moisturizing components: polyacrylate and glycerin, are omitted and replaced with the same mass of water to prepare compositions without moisturizing components.) Dilute the sample with water 300 times by volume, spray 4.5 grams of the diluted solution on each rice plant, and spray 4.5 grams of water as a blank. The spraying sites are the above-ground parts of the rice (including stems, leaves, stigmas / pollen).

[0049] The test data are averaged, and the calculation method is K = [(X1 - X0) / X0] × 100%. X1 is one of the moisturizing synergists A, B, C, D, and E, and X0 is the corresponding composition without moisturizing agent components. The percentage increase in plant height, leaf width, and grain yield are all calculated using this formula.

[0050] Table 3: Rice Growth Status

[0051]

[0052] The results in Table 3 show that the moisturizing synergist of the present invention is more beneficial to rice growth than the composition without moisturizing components, resulting in wider rice leaves, taller plants, and better millet yield. The millet yields after spraying with moisturizing synergists D and E in Examples 4 and 5 increased by 19.0% and 12.76% respectively compared to the control group.

[0053] The above experiments show that moisturizing synergists with good moisturizing properties have better effects on promoting rice growth and increasing yield. Among them, moisturizing synergists D and E in Examples 4-5 are particularly effective. Therefore, this invention selects these two moisturizing synergists for field hybrid rice breeding. To further illustrate the beneficial effects of this invention on hybrid rice seed production, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0054] Example 6:

[0055] The application of a moisture-retaining and synergistic agent in rice cultivation and seed production under "hot and dry wind" climate is as follows: the moisture-retaining and synergistic agent is diluted 50-500 times by volume and sprayed during the rice booting stage, with the spraying site being the above-ground parts of the rice.

[0056] The hybrid rice seed production experiment was set up in Taihe Town, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, where the "hot and dry wind" caused a reduction in seed production.

[0057] Experimental Description: The female parent was Wei 338S, and the male parent was Huahui 8612. The female parent was sown on June 10th, the first-phase male parent on June 7th, and the second-phase male parent on June 14th. The row spacing was 27cm. The male parent planting density was 10.0cm × 30.0cm, with both phases planted in a triangular pattern. The female parent planting density was 16.7cm × 20.0cm. During the female parent's booting stage, the field was divided into 15 rectangular experimental plots. Each plot contained 30 male parent plants and 150 female parent plants. Each experimental sample was replicated three times (i.e., three experimental plots). On August 23rd (booting stage), the treated samples were sprayed once with a moisture-retaining and synergistic agent (1200g each of diluted moisture-retaining and synergistic agents D and E per experimental plot). A control sample was sprayed with 1200g of water. The spraying sites were the above-ground parts of the rice (including stems, leaves, stigmas / pollen). On September 8th (flowering period), gibberellic acid was sprayed once on the male parent in each plot at a rate of 20 grams per acre. On September 9th (flowering period), gibberellic acid was sprayed once on both the male and female parents in each plot at a rate of 26 grams per acre. On October 9th, seeds were harvested using the "five-point sampling method," with nine plants sampled from each plot. The entire sample was analyzed using SPSS 27.0 software.

[0058] Table 4: Moisturizing and enhancing agents used in hybrid rice seed production

[0059]

[0060] The results in Table 4 show that the moisturizing and synergistic agent of the present invention can effectively resist "hot and dry winds" and increase the number of effective panicles in rice, thereby achieving the goal of increasing yield.

[0061] To investigate the effect of moisturizing and enhancing agents on the germination rate of hybrid rice seeds, germination rate experiments were conducted on the seeds prepared in this example according to the national standard GB4404.1-2008, as shown in Table 5.

[0062] Table 5: Seed germination rate

[0063]

[0064] The results in Table 5 show that the germination rate of hybrid rice meets the key indicators in the national mandatory standard (the minimum requirement is not less than 80%), and there is no significant difference in the germination rate of seeds prepared by spraying moisturizing and enhancing agents compared with the blank (analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0).

Claims

1. A moisture-retaining and synergistic agent for rice cultivation and seed production, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5.0-40.0 parts of humectant, 2.0-20.0 parts of sugar, 1.2-10.0 parts of amino acids, 0.5-3.0 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic salts, 0.4-3.6 parts of surfactant, and 45.5-87.5 parts of water; wherein the humectant is a mixture of polyacrylate and glycerin. The polyacrylate is sodium polyacrylate, and the mass ratio of sodium polyacrylate to glycerol is 1-5:

1. The preparation method of the moisturizing synergist includes the following steps: dissolving sugar, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic salts, and surfactants in water, then adding a moisturizing agent and stirring to dissolve into a transparent homogeneous solution. 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5-10 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, it is obtained.

2. The moisturizing synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sugar includes at least one of glucose, pentose, hexose, sucrose, lactose, and maltose; the amino acid includes at least one of glutamic acid, arginine, threonine, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and methionine.

3. The moisturizing synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic salts include water-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds, phosphorus-containing compounds, and potassium-containing compounds.

4. The moisturizing synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactants include water-soluble surfactants with HLB ≥ 7.

5. The moisturizing synergist according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surfactant is selected from any one or more of amino acid surfactants, Tween surfactants, sulfate surfactants, and alkyl glycosides; the amino acid surfactant is selected from any one or more of potassium cocoamide glutamate and sodium cocoyl glycinate; the Tween surfactant is selected from any one or more of Tween 20 and Tween 80; the sulfate surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfate; and the alkyl glycoside is selected from any one or more of dodecyl glucoside and tetradecyl glucoside.

6. The moisturizing synergist according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The moisturizing synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12.0-24.0 parts moisturizer, 3.5-10.0 parts sugar, 2.2-6.8 parts amino acids, 0.9-2.0 parts nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic salts, 1.0-3.0 parts surfactant, and 45.5-87.5 parts water.

7. A method for preparing the moisturizing synergist as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The steps include: dissolving sugar, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic salts, and surfactants in water, then adding a humectant and stirring to dissolve into a transparent, homogeneous solution. 60 After being sterilized by receiving a radiation dose of 5-10 kGy in a Co-γ ray field, it is obtained.

8. The application of the moisturizing synergist as described in any one of claims 1-6 in rice cultivation and seed production under "hot and dry wind" climate conditions.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The moisturizing and enhancing agent is diluted 50-500 times by volume and sprayed on the above-ground parts of the rice during the booting stage.

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