An oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS functional masterbatch and its preparation method

Abstract

An oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS masterbatch and its preparation method provided by the present invention adopt a fluorinated polymer to meet the oil resistance of the material, compound a flame retardant to meet the flame retardant performance of the material, and a benzotriazole-based high-efficiency UV absorber composite UVP to meet the UV resistance effect of the material. In the masterbatch system of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of the phosphorus-based flame retardant and the fluorinated polymer, the phosphorus-based flame retardant forms an expanded carbon layer during combustion, while the fluorinated polymer enhances the surface oil repellency, avoiding the decline of flame retardancy and oil resistance caused by the moisture absorption of the flame retardant; the benzotriazole-based high-efficiency UV absorber composite UVP and nano-ceria are subjected to solid-phase grafting and compounding, having excellent UV resistance and delaying the aging of the material; by modifying the interface between the phosphoguanidine-added material and the resin, the dispersibility of the functional components can be improved without using other surface modifiers, avoiding agglomeration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of preparing flame-retardant functional masterbatches, and particularly relates to an oil-resistant, flame-retardant, ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional color masterbatch and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] ABS alloy is a general term for plastic polymers obtained by modifying ABS resin to achieve a certain performance. Common ABS alloys include ABS / PC, ABS / PA, ABS / PBT, ABS / PVC, etc. Among them, ABS / PC is used to improve the flame retardancy of ABS, and has good mechanical strength, toughness and flame retardancy, and is used in building materials, automobiles and the electronics industry, such as for the casings of televisions, office automation equipment and telephones. In the ABS / PC alloy, PC contributes to heat resistance, toughness, impact strength, strength flame retardancy, and the advantages of ABS are good processability, apparent quality and low density, with an emphasis on applications in automotive industry parts; ABS / PA is a material with impact resistance, chemical resistance, good fluidity and heat resistance, and is used for automotive interior decoration parts, industrial parts such as power tools, sports appliances, lawn mowers and snow blowers, and the casings of office equipment, etc.; ABS / PBT has good heat resistance, strength, chemical resistance and fluidity, and is suitable for making automotive interior parts, motorcycle exterior cushion parts, etc.; and the uses of the permanent antistatic grade added with an antistatic agent include: the paper transfer mechanism of copiers, fax machines, etc., IC chip supports, video and high-grade audio tapes, etc.

[0003] Due to its excellent mechanical properties, processing properties and surface glossiness, ABS resin is widely used in fields such as automobiles, electronic appliances, and building materials. However, during long-term use, ABS materials are easily eroded by oil substances, resulting in performance degradation; at the same time, the flame retardancy and ultraviolet resistance of ABS are poor, which limits its application in some special environments. Moreover, common ABS modification methods on the market at present mostly use functional additives such as flame retardants and ultraviolet agents, but these methods often have problems such as uneven dispersion, easy migration of functional additives, and poor processing performance. Therefore, developing an ABS functional color masterbatch with oil resistance, flame retardancy and ultraviolet resistance has important practical application value.

[0004] In view of this, we disclose an oil-resistant, flame-retardant, ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional color masterbatch and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil-resistant, flame-retardant, ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional color masterbatch and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0007] An oil-resistant, flame-retardant, and UV-resistant ABS functional masterbatch comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0008] ABS 40-60 copies;

[0009] PC 5-15 copies;

[0010] PET 15-25 parts;

[0011] 5-15 parts of toughening agent;

[0012] 5-15 parts of bromotriazine;

[0013] Antioxidant 1076 0.2-0.4 parts;

[0014] Stabilizer 168 0.2-0.4 parts;

[0015] Lubricant PETS 0.5-1.5 parts;

[0016] Light stabilizer 770 0.3-0.5 parts;

[0017] Composite UVP 0.3-0.5 parts;

[0018] Compound flame retardant 0.2-0.5 parts.

[0019] Furthermore, the toughening agent is methyl acrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0020] In the present invention, the flame retardant halogen exists in the bromotriazine, which can enhance the flame retardant property of the material; PETS (pentaerythritol stearate) is a polyol copolymer with excellent internal and external lubrication and thermal stability; UVP is an organic ultraviolet absorber 2-(2-hydroxy-5-benzyl)benzotriazole, which has excellent anti-ultraviolet effect; antioxidant 1076 is a hindered phenol antioxidant, which plays an antioxidant role for a long time by capturing free radicals generated during the degradation of plastics; stabilizer 168 belongs to the phosphite auxiliary antioxidant, which achieves the purpose of anti-oxidation by decomposing the peroxides generated by further degradation of plastics, and can also provide thermal processing stability. Composite UVP is used in conjunction with antioxidant 1076 and stabilizer 168 to provide double protection. Composite UVP absorbs ultraviolet rays and prevents polymers from degrading due to absorption of ultraviolet energy. Nano cerium oxide in the composite UVP combination has ultraviolet absorption, and UVP can capture free radicals by using its structure, thereby forming a "ultraviolet absorption-free radical capture" dual protection mechanism to delay material aging.

[0021] Furthermore, the composite UVP is a solid phase grafted composite product of nano-cerium oxide and UVP, and the mass ratio of nano-cerium oxide to UVP is (1.1-1.3): 1. Specifically, nano-cerium oxide and UVP are placed in an internal mixer at 120° C. and a rotor speed of 90 rpm for shear mixing for 35-60 minutes, and the obtained block mixture is then ground using a planetary ball mill to obtain a composite powder, and finally an isooctane / toluene PCB28 standard solution is used at 50-60° C. to remove UVP that does not participate in the reaction in the composite powder, and finally dried to obtain the target product composite UVP.

[0022] Furthermore, the composite flame retardant includes a fluorinated polymer, ammonium polyphosphate and guanidine phosphate, and the mass ratio of the three is (3.5-4.5):(1.8-2.6):1.

[0023] Furthermore, the fluorinated polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The fluorinated polymer can enhance the surface oleophobicity and improve the oil resistance of the material; and the material has a synergistic flame retardant effect with the phosphorus-nitrogen series of ammonium polyphosphate and guanidine phosphate in the compound flame retardant, and the fluorinated polymer can avoid the flame retardancy degradation and failure caused by moisture absorption of the flame retardant system.

[0024] Furthermore, the guanidine phosphate in the compound flame retardant is synthesized by reacting polyphosphoric acid and guanidine carbonate as raw materials, including two processes: preparation of anhydrous phosphoric acid and material kneading, mixing and decarbonization.

[0025] Furthermore, the following raw materials are included by weight:

[0026] ABS 50 copies;

[0027] PC 10 copies;

[0028] PET 20 parts;

[0029] 10 parts of toughening agent;

[0030] 10 parts of bromotriazine;

[0031] Antioxidant 1076 0.3 parts;

[0032] Stabilizer 168 0.3 parts;

[0033] Lubricant PETS 1.0 part;

[0034] Composite UVP 0.3 parts;

[0035] Light stabilizer 770 0.4 parts;

[0036] 0.3 parts of compound flame retardant.

[0037] Further, a preparation method of an oil-resistant, flame-retardant and ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional masterbatch comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. Pretreatment and preparation of materials:

[0039] Perform drying and activation treatment on toughening agent, bromotriazine, antioxidant 1076, stabilizer 168, lubricant PETS, composite UVP, light stabilizer 770 powder, and compound flame retardant as auxiliary materials, and at the same time place ABS resin, PC, and PET pellets as base materials in a dryer for dry frying;

[0040] S2. Mixing of materials:

[0041] Place the above-mentioned base materials and auxiliary materials in a mixer in proportion and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0042] S3. Extrusion granulation:

[0043] Place the mixed material in the storage tank of a twin-screw extruder, pass through the hopper and feeding port to the twin-screw main machine, and finally the material passes through the screen changer and the die head, is shaped through the traction and cooling water tank, and then passes through the air dryer and pelletizer to obtain the functional masterbatch, and finally reaches the storage tank for material storage of the functional masterbatch;

[0044] S4. Drying and packaging:

[0045] Dry the functional masterbatch obtained in S3 above through a dryer, mix the materials in a mixing tank according to the usage requirements, perform bagging, metering, then inspection and sealing, and finally store in the warehouse to obtain the product.

[0046] Further, the temperatures of each temperature control zone of the twin-screw extruder described in step S3 are as follows:

[0047] Zone 1: 175 - 185 °C, Zone 2: 195 - 205 °C, Zone 3: 220 - 230 °C, Zone 4: 230 - 240 °C, Zone 5: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 6: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 7: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 8: 250 - 260 °C, die head: 240 - 250 °C, feeding speed: 9 - 15 rpm, main machine speed: 25 - 35 rpm.

[0048] Further, the drying temperature in step S4 is 80 - 105 °C, and the drying time is 2 - 4 h.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has obtained the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The present invention discloses an oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS masterbatch. A fluorinated polymer is used to meet the oil resistance of the material, a flame retardant is compounded to meet the flame retardant performance of the material, and a benzotriazole-based high-efficiency UV absorber compounded with UVP meets the UV resistance effect of the material. In the masterbatch system of the present invention, the following advantages also exist:

[0051] 1. Synergistic design of flame retardancy and oil resistance: Through the synergistic effect of a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a fluorinated polymer, the phosphorus-based flame retardant forms an expanded carbon layer during combustion, while the fluorinated polymer enhances the surface oil repellency, avoiding the decrease in flame retardancy and oil resistance caused by the moisture absorption of the flame retardant.

[0052] 2. UV-resistant stable system: The benzotriazole-based UV absorber UVP is grafted and compounded with nano-ceria in solid phase to form a "UV absorption-free radical capture" double protection mechanism, which can delay the aging of the material.

[0053] 3. Dispersion optimization: By modifying the interface between the added materials and the resin with guanidine phosphate, the dispersion of the functional components can be improved without using other surface modifiers, avoiding agglomeration.

[0054] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in more detail below can be regarded as part of the disclosure of the subject matter of the present invention as long as such concepts do not conflict with each other.

[0055] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the teachings of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as the features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0057] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the preparation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the preferred implementation schemes of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as a limitation to this patent.

[0059] The test methods or testing methods described in the following examples / comparative examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are all obtained from conventional commercial channels or prepared by conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0060] Among them, the composite UVP is to place cerium oxide and UVP powder in a vacuum oven at 80°C and dry for 24 hours to remove moisture, and then weigh and mix them evenly according to a certain mass ratio. At 120°C and a rotor speed of 90rpm, the mixed powder is added to the internal mixer for high-speed shear mixing for 35-60min. The product obtained by mixing is in block form. In order to ensure that the sample can be used as an additive, a planetary ball mill is used to grind the block mixture at a speed of 300rpm to obtain a composite product after the reaction of nano-cerium oxide and UVP, which is light yellow. In order to consume UVP as much as possible to participate in the reaction, the proportion of nano-cerium oxide used will be higher than that of UVP, but it cannot exceed the practical amount, because although excessive nano-cerium oxide consumes UVP completely, excessive nano-cerium oxide is prone to agglomeration, which affects the function of composite UVP. Preferably, in order to remove the unreacted UVP in the mixed powder as much as possible, the mixed powder is washed 2-3 times with isooctane / toluene PCB28 standard solution, and the washing conditions are: 50-60℃ magnetic stirring dissolution for 0.5-1h, and finally dried at 60℃ for at least 10h to obtain a grafted composite product, i.e., composite UVP. Moreover, the product washed with the standard solution has better interface bonding and is more compatible with the base material. The molecular formula of the UVP of the present invention is C 13 H 11 N3O, light yellow-green powder, was purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0061] Furthermore, the guanidine phosphate in the composite flame retardant of the present invention is synthesized by reacting polyphosphoric acid and guanidine carbonate as raw materials, including two processes of preparing anhydrous phosphoric acid and kneading and mixing the materials to remove carbon. The preparation method is as follows:

[0062] Weigh the raw materials according to the molar ratio of polyphosphoric acid to guanidine carbonate (2-3):1. First, put the weighed polyphosphoric acid into the kneader. When the temperature of the polyphosphoric acid rises to 78°C, add a certain amount of water to the kneader, stir and react for about 2 hours, and then heat it to 100°C. This process is the preparation of anhydrous phosphoric acid. The fluidity of polyphosphoric acid will increase with the increase of temperature, showing a positive correlation trend, and the decomposition rate will also increase; but the decomposition of polyphosphoric acid is an exothermic reaction. If guanidine carbonate is added to the system later, the reaction will continue to release heat, which will increase the uncontrollability of the reaction and produce a large amount of gas. Therefore, in order to better control the reaction, the first temperature of polyphosphoric acid is set below 85°C. After testing, under the condition of a molar ratio of (2-3):1, the first temperature rise of polyphosphoric acid is selected to be 78°C.

[0063] Further, it is the process of kneading and mixing materials to remove carbon. Weigh the guanidine carbonate and slowly add it to the kneader through a screw feeder. Observe the reaction process and appropriately adjust the feeding speed. Set the frequency of the kneader's stirring motor to 50 Hz. At this frequency, sufficient stirring can be ensured, and it can prevent the generated guanidine phosphate from wrapping the unreacted guanidine carbonate. After stirring and reacting for 1.5 - 2.5 h, raise the temperature to 120 °C, and then set the frequency of the kneader's stirring motor to 25 Hz. This stage is the evaporation and drying stage, and the whole system is a wet and soft solid with greater resistance. Observe the reaction process. When there is no obvious liquid on the inner wall of the kneader and the material is in a moist state, to protect the machinery and equipment, set the frequency of the kneader's stirring motor to 10 Hz and continue stirring and evaporating water for 1 h until the product is dried into a white powder to obtain the guanidine phosphate product. Then, turn the cylinder and discharge the material to obtain the guanidine phosphate. Among them, polyphosphoric acid and guanidine carbonate are both purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0064] The compound use of ammonium polyphosphate and guanidine phosphate. Ammonium polyphosphate is used as a halogen-free flame retardant; guanidine phosphate can enhance the interaction between different materials and make it disperse more evenly in the matrix resin, thereby more effectively improving the mechanical properties of the blend. In this way, without using a coupling agent to modify the resin, the compound flame retardant can also improve the interfacial bonding performance between the matrix material and the additive. Moreover, the overall compound of ammonium polyphosphate and guanidine phosphate is a phosphorus-based flame retardant. When the functional masterbatch encounters a high-temperature fire source, in addition to the flame retardancy of its own elemental properties, it can also act as an acid source and a gas source; coupled with the fluorinated polymer in the compound flame retardant, an F-P flame retardant system is formed in the whole flame retardant, playing a dual flame retardant role.

[0065] Performance testing

[0066] To better conduct performance testing, we inject the functional masterbatch through an injection molding machine to produce standard specimens with a thickness of 2 mm to obtain an ABS functional alloy plate, and then conduct further testing according to the performance testing standards.

[0067] Mechanical property testing

[0068] Mechanical property testing includes three aspects: tensile strength, flexural modulus, and notched impact strength. Tensile strength and flexural modulus are tested according to GB / T 1040.2—2006. According to the relevant testing requirements and regulations, the sample size is uniformly controlled to be 185 mm × 20 mm × 2 mm; further, in the tensile strength test, the test speed is 50 mm / min. The notched impact strength is tested according to GB / T 1843—2008. According to the relevant testing requirements and regulations, the sample size is 80 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm.

[0069] Oil resistance testing

[0070] A standard specimen with a thickness of 2 mm was subjected to an oil resistance test. According to the ASTM D 471 test standard, the specimen was placed in an immersion bath at 100 °C for 36 h. After the immersion, the specimen was taken out and the surface oil stain was removed. The thickness of the specimen was measured with a vernier caliper. Whether the volume expanded was judged based on the change in the specimen thickness, and then whether it had oil resistance was determined.

[0071] Flame retardancy

[0072] A standard specimen with a thickness of 2 mm was subjected to a flame retardancy test. Specifically, the 60s vertical burning test was carried out in accordance with HB 5469, and the size of the vertical burning sample was 368 mm × 76 mm × 2 mm.

[0073] UV resistance

[0074] The UV resistance of the specimen is also an important index. Considering the influence of the light transmittance of too thick samples, the thickness of the specimen for the UV resistance of the material was controlled at 0.3 mm, and the sample size was 50 mm × 50 mm × 0.3 mm. Then, a spectrometer was used to measure the UV transmittance at different wavelength bands.

[0075] Examples 1 - 3

[0076] An oil - resistant, flame - retardant and UV - resistant ABS functional masterbatch, and the components shown in Table 1 were weighed by weight percentage: toughening agent, brominated triazine, antioxidant 1076, stabilizer 168, lubricant PETS, composite UVP, light stabilizer 770 powder, compound flame retardant and other auxiliary materials, and base materials such as ABS resin, PC, PET, etc. The materials for Examples 1 - 3 were weighed according to the formula in the table.

[0077] Further, the base materials were placed in a dryer for dry - frying, and the auxiliary materials were dried and activated. Then, the materials prepared according to the ratio were uniformly mixed in a mixer to obtain a mixed material. Further, the mixed material was placed in the storage tank of a twin - screw extruder, passed through the hopper, feeding port to the twin - screw main machine. Finally, the material passed through a screen changer and a die head, was shaped through a cooling water tank by traction, and then passed through an air dryer and a pelletizer to obtain the functional masterbatch, which was finally stored in a storage tank for the storage of the functional masterbatch materials; then the functional masterbatch was dried in a dryer, mixed in a mixing tank according to the usage requirements, packed, metered, then inspected, sealed, and finally warehoused to obtain the product.

[0078] The temperatures of each temperature - control zone of the twin - screw extruder are as follows:

[0079] Zone 1: 175 - 185 °C, Zone 2: 195 - 205 °C, Zone 3: 220 - 230 °C, Zone 4: 230 - 240 °C, Zone 5: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 6: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 7: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 8: 250 - 260 °C, Head: 240 - 250 °C. The feeding speed is 9 - 15 rpm, and the main machine speed is 25 - 35 rpm.

[0080] The resin pellets obtained by extrusion are dried at 80 - 105 °C for 2 - 4 hours. Then they are bagged and metered, and finally inspected and sealed.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] Differing from Example 1, the composite UVP uses the same grade of UVP with equal mass, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] Differing from Example 1, the composite UVP uses the same grade of nano - cerium oxide with equal mass, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Examples 3 - 7

[0086] Differing from Example 1, for the base materials such as ABS resin, PC, and PET, and the auxiliary materials such as toughening agent, brominated triazine, antioxidant 1076, stabilizer 168, lubricant PETS, composite UVP, light stabilizer 770 powder, and compound flame retardant, they are weighed according to the proportions shown in Table 1. After placing the base materials in a dryer for dry - frying and drying and activating the auxiliary materials, the above - prepared materials according to the ratio are uniformly mixed in a mixer to obtain a mixed material. Then the mixed material is melt - blended and extruded through a twin - screw extruder, and is drawn, pelletized, and dried to prepare the ABS functional masterbatch.

[0087] For other process steps not specifically described, they are all carried out with reference to Examples 1 - 3 for preparation.

[0088] Table 1 Material Formula Table

[0089]

[0090] According to different test standards, relevant performance test and analysis are carried out on Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 7. The relevant test comparison results are shown in Table 2.

[0091] Table 2 Comparative Analysis Table of Test Results

[0092]

[0093] From the analysis of the comparison results in Table 1 - Table 2 above, it can be seen that the ABS alloy plastic masterbatch of the present invention has the characteristics of oil resistance, ultraviolet resistance, and good flame retardant effect. From Test Table 2, the ABS alloy plastic masterbatches prepared in Comparative Examples 1 - 3 have poor barrier properties in the long - wavelength band of ultraviolet rays, with a short wavelength absorption range; moreover, the UVP element has a greater impact on the ultraviolet resistance of the material. In addition, according to the molecular structure of the compound, the benzotriazole - type ultraviolet absorber UVP and nano - cerium oxide are compounded by solid - phase grafting to form a "ultraviolet absorption - free radical capture" dual - protection mechanism, which can delay the aging of the material. Moreover, the single substance UVP or nano - cerium oxide has problems in affecting the interfacial compatibility due to filler agglomeration in the base material, which in turn affects the mechanical properties of the ABS alloy sheet. In Comparative Example 3, the absence of the composite UVP also has a certain impact on the flame retardant effect. The N element exists in the UVP molecular structure, which can also provide flame - retardant elements during a fire or combustion.

[0094] In Comparative Example 4, the absence of the fluorinated polymer will affect the oil resistance of the masterbatch, and the surface oleophobicity of the fluorinated polymer will also affect the overall flame retardancy of the material, thereby destroying the flame - retardant synergistic effect between the fluorinated polymer and the phosphorus - based flame retardant. From the test results of the samples prepared in Comparative Example 4 to Comparative Example 7, it can be seen that although guanidine phosphate in the compounded flame retardant has less impact on the flame retardancy of the material than the other two compounded materials, the absence of guanidine phosphate affects the mechanical properties of the material, and the combined compounding of the three has a relatively large impact on the flame retardancy of the material.

[0095] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to that defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS functional masterbatch, characterized in that By weight parts, it includes the following raw material components: 40 - 60 parts of ABS; 5 - 15 parts of PC; 15 - 25 parts of PET; 5 - 15 parts of toughening agent; 5 - 15 parts of brominated triazine; 0.2 - 0.4 parts of antioxidant 1076; 0.2 - 0.4 parts of stabilizer 168; 0.5 - 1.5 parts of lubricant PETS; 0.3 - 0.5 parts of light stabilizer 770; 0.2 - 0.5 parts of composite UVP; 0.2 - 0.5 parts of compound flame retardant; Among them, the composite UVP is a mixture of nano - cerium oxide and UVP, and the mass ratio of nano - cerium oxide to UVP is (1.0 - 1.6):1; the compound flame retardant includes fluorinated polymer, ammonium polyphosphate and guanidine phosphate, and the mass ratio of the three is (3.5 - 4.5):(1.8 - 2.6):

1.

2. The oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that The toughening agent is acrylate - butadiene - styrene copolymer.

3. A kind of oil-resistant, flame-retardant and ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluorinated polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder.

4. The oil-resistant, flame-retardant and UV-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein, By weight parts, it includes the following raw material components: 50 parts of ABS; 10 parts of PC; 20 parts of PET; 10 parts of toughening agent; 10 parts of brominated triazine; 0.3 parts of antioxidant 1076; 0.3 parts of stabilizer 168; 1.0 parts of lubricant PETS; 0.4 parts of light stabilizer 770; 0.3 parts of composite UVP; 0.3 parts of compound flame retardant.

5. A preparation method of the oil-resistant, flame-retardant and ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment and preparation of materials: Dry and activate the toughening agent, brominated triazine, antioxidant 1076, stabilizer 168, lubricant PETS, composite UVP, light stabilizer 770 powder, and compound flame retardant as auxiliary materials, and at the same time place the ABS resin, PC, and PET pellets as base materials in a dryer for dry - frying; S2. Mixing of materials: Place the above - mentioned base materials and auxiliary materials in a mixer in proportion and mix evenly to obtain a mixed material; Place the above - mentioned materials in a mixer in proportion and mix evenly to obtain a mixed material; S3. Extrusion granulation: Place the mixed material in the storage tank of a twin - screw extruder, pass through the hopper, feeding port to the twin - screw main machine, and finally the material passes through the screen - changing device and the die head, is shaped through the traction over the cooling water tank, and then passes through the air - drying machine and pelletizer to obtain the functional masterbatch, and finally reaches the storage tank for material storage of the functional masterbatch; S4. Drying and packaging: Dry the functional masterbatch obtained in step S3 through a dryer, mix the materials in a compounding tank according to the usage requirements, and then carry out bagging, metering, inspection, sealing, and finally warehousing to obtain the product.

6. The preparation method of an oil-resistant, flame-retardant and ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature of each temperature - control zone of the twin - screw extruder in step S3 is: Zone 1: 175 - 185 °C, Zone 2: 195 - 205 °C, Zone 3: 220 - 230 °C, Zone 4: 230 - 240 °C, Zone 5: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 6: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 7: 250 - 260 °C, Zone 8: 250 - 260 °C, die head: 240 - 250 °C, the feeding speed is 9 - 15 rpm, and the main machine speed is 25 - 35 rpm.

7. The preparation method of an oil-resistant, flame-retardant, ultraviolet-resistant ABS functional masterbatch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying temperature in step S4 is 80 - 105 °C, and the drying time is 2 - 4 hours.

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