High-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and accurate hot forming manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plates, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and accurate hot forming manufacturing method which comprises the following steps: S1, at the solid solution temperature, an aluminum alloy component is subjected to solid solution treatment and then quenching treatment in sequence, and a W-state blank is obtained; s2, at the pre-aging temperature, the obtained W-state blank is subjected to pre-aging treatment and cooled to the room temperature, and a PA-state pre-hardened blank is obtained; s3, the obtained PA-state pre-hardened blank is subjected to heat preservation and heating before stamping, then stamping treatment is conducted, and a warm forming component is obtained; s4, the warm forming component obtained through stamping in the step S3 is subjected to first-stage aging treatment and cooled; and S5, second-stage aging treatment is conducted at the temperature lower than the temperature of the first-stage aging treatment, and the aluminum alloy component is obtained after cooling. According to the preparation method, the overall process time is shortened, and more importantly, the aluminum alloy component with higher strength can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal sheet preparation, and in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloys are increasingly used as raw materials for parts production due to their lightweight characteristics. They are used in aerospace, automobiles and other fields that require lightweighting. However, due to the poor room temperature plasticity of aluminum alloys, negative effects such as fracture and springback are prone to occur during the forming process, making it impossible to meet the needs of complex structural parts. In response to this, warm forming technology has been developed to avoid this problem. As the forming temperature of aluminum alloy sheets increases, the strengthening phase in the alloy is partially dissolved, the dislocation density is reduced, the internal stress becomes smaller, and the ductility and formability of aluminum alloy sheets are significantly improved. However, warm forming technology also brings about the problems of dynamic recovery and dislocation annihilation, which can easily lead to reduced strengthening effects. Subsequent baking is usually required to increase the strength of parts, but the overall process is very time-consuming, inefficient, and the strengthening effect of parts is limited, which is not conducive to industrial production applications.

[0003] In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a technical solution to the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method to address the problems that the current warm forming method combined with the baking process has a long aging time and the strengthening effect of parts still needs to be improved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. At the solution temperature, the aluminum alloy component is subjected to solution treatment in sequence, and then quenching treatment is performed to obtain a W-state blank;

[0008] S2, performing pre-aging treatment on the W-state blank obtained in step S1 at the pre-aging temperature, cooling to room temperature, and obtaining a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0009] S3, then heat-insulating the PA state pre-hardened blank obtained in step S2 before stamping, and then stamping it to obtain a warm-formed component;

[0010] S4, subjecting the warm-formed component obtained by stamping in step S3 to a first-level aging treatment and cooling;

[0011] S5. Perform a second aging treatment at a temperature lower than the first aging treatment temperature, and obtain an aluminum alloy component after cooling.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the temperature of the solution treatment is 450-570°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-1h; the temperature of the quenching treatment is 14-20°C.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the pre-aging temperature is 70-180°C and the time is 1-24 hours.

[0014] Preferably, the W-state blank obtained in step S1 is subjected to the pre-aging treatment in step S2 within 1 min to 10 min.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the insulation temperature is 200-300° C., and the insulation time is 30 s-5 min.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, after the heat preservation treatment, the stamping treatment is performed within 1 second to 10 seconds.

[0017] Preferably, in step S4, the temperature of the first stage aging treatment is 160-200° C., and the time is 10-60 min.

[0018] Preferably, in step S5, the temperature of the second stage aging treatment is 130-160° C., and the time is 10-60 min.

[0019] Preferably, a third aging treatment is further included after the second aging treatment, and the temperature of the third aging treatment is lower than the temperature of the second aging treatment.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the second aging treatment is 140-160°C; the temperature of the third aging treatment is 130-140°C.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the preparation method provided by the present invention, after the solution quenching treatment, first performs a pre-aging treatment to obtain a pre-hardened blank in the PA state, then performs a heat preservation stamping treatment to obtain a warm-formed component, and then directly performs at least a secondary aging treatment, so that the pre-hardening forming and the heat treatment are integrated and completed within a period of time. Compared with the conventional method which requires a heat treatment of up to more than ten hours after warm forming, the method of the present invention not only shortens the overall process time and improves the efficiency, but more importantly, can make the strength of the aluminum alloy component not lower than the T6 state or even exceed the T6 state, while also obtaining good plasticity and ductility, reducing the risk of fracture and springback, and improving the dynamic recovery and dislocation annihilation problems caused by conventional warm forming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a roadmap of the preparation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention and its beneficial effects are described in further detail below, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0024] The manufacturing method of the present invention is preferably applicable to aluminum alloys of the 2000 series, 6000 series and 7000 series. Among them, the 2000 series refers to an aluminum-copper series with a copper content of 3% to 5%, including but not limited to 2014, 2024, 2A16, and 2A14; the 6000 series refers to an aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy series, including but not limited to 6061 and 6063; and the 7000 series refers to an aluminum-zinc alloy series, including but not limited to 7072, 7055, and 7050.

[0025] The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. At the solution temperature, the aluminum alloy component is subjected to solution treatment in sequence, and then quenching treatment is performed to obtain a W-state blank;

[0027] S2, performing pre-aging treatment on the W-state blank obtained in step S1 at the pre-aging temperature, cooling to room temperature, and obtaining a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0028] S3, then heat-insulating the PA state pre-hardened blank obtained in step S2 before stamping, and then stamping it to obtain a warm-formed component;

[0029] S4, subjecting the warm-formed component obtained by stamping in step S3 to a first-level aging treatment and cooling;

[0030] S5. Perform a second aging treatment at a temperature lower than the first aging treatment temperature, and obtain an aluminum alloy component after cooling.

[0031] Among them, heating is performed before stamping. After heating, the plate becomes soft and is convenient for subsequent stamping and forming, which helps to increase the plasticity of the parts. At the same time, the present invention also performs pre-aging treatment before heat preservation. The temperature of the pre-aging treatment is lower than the heat preservation temperature. On the one hand, it can ensure the subsequent stamping and forming effect. On the other hand, pre-hardening is performed in advance, which can improve the hardness of the plate and alleviate the problem of low strength caused by the subsequent warm forming treatment, laying the foundation for the subsequent hot baking treatment.

[0032] The pre-aging treatment method provided by the present invention can obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank compared to a method of long-term natural aging at room temperature, while the blank obtained by natural aging at room temperature is a T4-state blank. The inventors have found through experiments that the PA state has good matching with the subsequent gradient temperature aging treatment, and the obtained aluminum alloy component has higher strength. In addition, compared to the T6-state aluminum alloy component obtained by high-temperature long-term aging treatment, the method of combining pre-hardening with multi-stage aging in the present invention can finally obtain a component with better strength.

[0033] The "W state" described in the present invention refers to the blank obtained after the heat-treatable and strengthened aluminum alloy sheet is loaded into a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution quenching. The "PA state" refers to the blank obtained after the solution quenched blank is placed in an aging furnace for a short period of time (such as 1min to 10min) for pre-aging treatment. The "T4 state" refers to the blank obtained by placing the solution quenched blank at room temperature and naturally aging for more than 96h. The "T6 state" refers to the component obtained after placing the solution quenched blank in an aging furnace for a long time (such as 6-24h) aging treatment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the temperature of the pre-aging treatment is 70-180°C, and the time is 1-24h. Specifically, it can be 70-100°C, 100-120°C, 120-140°C, 140-160°C or 160-180°C, and the pre-aging time can be 1-5h, 5-10h, 10-15h, 15-20h or 20-24h. According to the specific components of the aluminum alloy component, adjusting the temperature of the pre-aging treatment can obtain a pre-hardened blank that is more conducive to subsequent processing steps. The inventor has found through experimental research that the pre-aging treatment temperature for 2000 series aluminum alloy components is 70-180°C, the pre-aging treatment temperature for 6000 series is 80-160°C, and the pre-aging treatment temperature for 7000 series is 80-120°C.

[0035] In addition, preferably, the W-state blank obtained in step S1 is subjected to the pre-aging treatment in step S2 within 1 to 10 minutes. The W-state blank obtained after the solution quenching treatment is quickly subjected to the pre-aging treatment, which is conducive to obtaining the PA-state pre-hardened blank. The subsequent gradient aging treatment in the PA state can obtain an aluminum alloy component with higher strength.

[0036] The temperature of the insulation before stamping is controlled to be 200-300℃, and the insulation time is 30s-5min. Specifically, it can be 200-220℃, 220-240℃, 240-260℃, 260-280℃ or 280-300℃, and the insulation time can be 30s-1min, 1-3min or 3-5min. According to the specific components of the aluminum alloy components, the temperature of the insulation treatment is adjusted. Generally speaking, the temperature of the insulation treatment is greater than the temperature of the pre-aging treatment, which matches the pre-hardening treatment temperature. The insulation temperature of the 2000 series aluminum alloy components is 210-300℃, the insulation temperature of the 6000 series is 220-280℃, and the insulation temperature of the 7000 series is 200-250℃.

[0037] In addition, after the insulation treatment, the stamping treatment is started within 1s to 10s, and the softened blank is quickly transferred to the stamping die to avoid the room temperature lowering the temperature of the blank, which is more conducive to increasing the plasticity of the parts.

[0038] The stamping pressure and time can refer to the conventional stamping conditions. After stamping, the mold can continue to be closed and the pressure can be maintained for a certain period of time, which can further ensure the forming accuracy and at the same time play a role in suppressing springback.

[0039] In addition, since the pre-aging treatment has been carried out as mentioned above and the hardness of the plate before warm forming has been regulated, the inventors have found that, by combining at least two-stage aging treatments at different temperatures, compared to the conventional long-term single-stage baking method, the two aging treatments of the present invention can be completed in a shorter time, effectively shortening the overall process time, and the obtained aluminum alloy components have a better strengthening effect, solving the problems of dynamic recovery and dislocation annihilation caused by warm forming technology.

[0040] Preferably, the temperature of the first aging treatment is 160-200°C, and the time is 10-60 minutes. The baking temperature is adjusted according to the specific components of the aluminum alloy component, wherein the first aging treatment temperature of the 2000 series aluminum alloy component is 160-180°C, the first aging treatment temperature of the 6000 series is 180-200°C, and the first aging treatment temperature of the 7000 series is 170-190°C.

[0041] After the first stage aging treatment, the relatively lower second stage aging treatment temperature is adjusted according to the temperature of the first stage. Through two gradient temperature baking, the hardness of the component is strengthened multiple times, and the hardness of the final aluminum alloy component exceeds that of the component obtained by the conventional preparation method. Specifically, the temperature of the second stage aging treatment can be 130-160°C, and the time is 10-60min. Corresponding to the second stage aging treatment temperature of different aluminum alloy components, the temperature of the 2000 series can be 130-150°C, the temperature of the 6000 series can be 150-170°C, and the temperature of the 7000 series can be 140-160°C.

[0042] For 2000 series aluminum alloy components, the first-level aging treatment mainly forms the θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations, and the second-level aging treatment mainly forms the GPII zone that has been cut by dislocations, as well as part of the θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations. This can form a mixed structure with good uniformity and a combination of soft and hard phases, and obtain high-strength aluminum alloy components.

[0043] For 6000 series aluminum alloy components, the first-level aging treatment mainly forms the β” phase that has not been cut by dislocations, and the second-level aging treatment mainly forms the GPII, Initialβ”, Preβ” phase that has been cut by dislocations, as well as part of the β” phase that has not been cut by dislocations. This can form a mixed structure with good uniformity and a combination of soft and hard phases to obtain high-strength aluminum alloy components.

[0044] For 7000 series aluminum alloy components, the first-level aging treatment mainly forms the η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations, and the second-level aging treatment mainly forms the GPII zone that has been cut by dislocations, as well as part of the η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations. This can form a mixed structure with good uniformity and a combination of soft and hard phases to obtain high-strength aluminum alloy components.

[0045] In addition, the inventors have also found that the use of a gradient three-stage aging treatment, that is, adding a third-stage aging treatment after the second-stage aging treatment, has a better strengthening effect on aluminum alloy components, and the tensile strength and yield strength after forming are higher. Among them, the temperature of the third-stage aging treatment is lower than the temperature of the second-stage aging treatment. Specifically, the temperature of the third-stage aging treatment is 130-140°C, and correspondingly, the temperature of the second-stage aging treatment is preferably 140-160°C.

[0046] In some embodiments, in step S1, the temperature of the solution treatment is 450-570°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-1h. Specifically, the solution treatment temperature of different aluminum alloy components can be selected according to the actual material, such as the solution treatment temperature of 2000 series aluminum alloy components is 490-540°C, the solution treatment temperature of 6000 series aluminum alloy components is 500-570°C, and the solution treatment temperature of 7000 series aluminum alloy components is 450-520°C.

[0047] In some embodiments, in step S1, the temperature of the quenching treatment is 14-20° C. The quenching medium may be water. After the solution treatment, the quenching treatment is preferably performed within no more than 15 seconds.

[0048] The present invention and its beneficial effects will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Using 2A14 aluminum alloy as a plate, a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0051] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 2A14 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 520°C for 50 minutes;

[0052] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0053] 3) within 5 minutes, the W-state blank after quenching treatment is placed in an aging furnace, heated to 160°C for pre-aging treatment for 12 hours, and then cooled at room temperature to obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0054] 4) Then, the PA state pre-hardened blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 280°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0055] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 160° C. for a first-stage aging treatment for 30 min, and a θ phase not cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0056] 5) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 140°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature. Finally, the component has a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a part of the θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of the 2A14 aluminum alloy component is completed.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The difference from Example 1 is that this embodiment also includes a third-level aging treatment, and the treatment steps are:

[0059] The components after the second aging treatment were subjected to the third aging treatment within 10 minutes, with an aging temperature of 130°C and a holding time of 30 minutes. After the third aging treatment, the components were cooled at room temperature to obtain the final 2A14 aluminum alloy components.

[0060] The rest is the same as in Example 1 and will not be described again here.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 6061 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0063] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 6061 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 570°C for 30 minutes;

[0064] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0065] 3) within 5 minutes, the W-state blank after quenching treatment is placed in an aging furnace, heated to 120°C for pre-aging treatment for 12 hours, and then cooled at room temperature to obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0066] 4) Then, the PA state pre-hardened blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 250°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0067] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 180°C for the first-stage aging treatment for 30 minutes, and a β" phase not cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0068] 5) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes, the treatment temperature is 150°C, the time is 30 minutes, and the treatment is completed. Cooling to room temperature, the component finally obtains GPII, Initialβ", Preβ" phase cut by dislocation, and part of the β" phase that has not been cut by dislocation, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, completing the preparation of 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] The difference from Example 3 is that this embodiment also includes a third-level aging treatment, and the treatment steps are:

[0071] The components after the second-stage aging treatment were subjected to the third-stage aging treatment within 10 minutes, with an aging temperature of 130°C and a holding time of 30 minutes. After the third-stage aging treatment, the components were cooled at room temperature to obtain the final 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0072] The rest is the same as in Example 3 and will not be described again here.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 7055 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0075] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 7055 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 450°C for 60 minutes;

[0076] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0077] 3) within 5 minutes, the W-state blank after quenching treatment is placed in an aging furnace, heated to 85°C for pre-aging treatment for 12 hours, and then cooled at room temperature to obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0078] 4) Then, the PA state pre-hardened blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 220°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0079] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 170° C. for a first-stage aging treatment for 30 min, and an η' phase not cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0080] 5) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 150°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature. Finally, the component has a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a part of η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of 7075 aluminum alloy components is completed.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] The difference from Example 5 is that this embodiment also includes a third-level aging treatment, and the treatment steps are:

[0083] The components after the second-stage aging treatment were subjected to the third-stage aging treatment within 10 minutes, with an aging temperature of 130°C and a holding time of 30 minutes. After the third-stage aging treatment, the components were cooled at room temperature to obtain the final 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0084] The rest is the same as in Example 5 and will not be described again here.

[0085] Example 7

[0086] The difference from Example 3 is that this embodiment also includes a third-level aging treatment, and the treatment steps are:

[0087] The components after the second aging treatment were subjected to the third aging treatment within 10 minutes. The aging temperature was 150°C, which was the same as the temperature of the second aging treatment. The insulation time was 30 minutes. After the third aging treatment, the components were cooled at room temperature to obtain the final 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0088] The rest is the same as in Example 3 and will not be described again here.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] Using 2A14 aluminum alloy as a plate, a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0091] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 2A14 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 520°C for 50 minutes;

[0092] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0093] 3) within 5 minutes, the W-state blank after quenching treatment is placed in an aging furnace, heated to 180°C for pre-aging treatment for 1 hour, and then cooled at room temperature to obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0094] 4) Then, the PA state pre-hardened blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 300°C for 30 seconds, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0095] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 200° C. for a first-stage aging treatment for 20 min, and a θ phase not cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0096] 5) A second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 160°C for 10 minutes. After the treatment is completed, the component is cooled to room temperature. Finally, a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a portion of θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations are obtained inside the component, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, thereby completing the preparation of the 2A14 aluminum alloy component.

[0097] Example 9

[0098] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 7055 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0099] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 7055 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 450°C for 60 minutes;

[0100] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0101] 3) within 5 minutes, the W-state blank after quenching treatment is placed in an aging furnace, heated to 70°C for pre-aging treatment for 24 hours, and then cooled at room temperature to obtain a PA-state pre-hardened blank;

[0102] 4) Then, the PA state pre-hardened blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation and heating at a temperature of 200°C for 5 minutes, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0103] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 170° C. for a first-stage aging treatment for 30 min, and an η' phase not cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0104] 5) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 130°C for 60 minutes. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature. Finally, the component has a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a part of η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of 7075 aluminum alloy components is completed.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] Using 2A14 aluminum alloy as a plate, a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0107] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 2A14 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 520°C for 50 minutes;

[0108] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0109] 3) Transfer the W-state blank to the hot stamping production line within 5 minutes for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 280°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transfer it to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and then cool it to form the component;

[0110] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 160°C for the first aging treatment for 30 minutes, and a θ phase that has not been cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component (the proportion is lower than the θ phase obtained from the PA state), and after the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0111] 5) A second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 140°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, the component is cooled to room temperature. Finally, a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a portion of θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations (the proportion is lower than the θ phase obtained from the PA state) are obtained inside the component, completing the preparation of the 2A14 aluminum alloy component.

[0112] Comparative Example 2

[0113] Using 2A14 aluminum alloy as a plate, a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0114] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 2A14 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 520°C for 50 minutes;

[0115] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0116] 3) placing the W-state blank after quenching treatment at room temperature and naturally aging for more than 96 hours to obtain a T4-state blank;

[0117] 4) Then, the T4 state blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 280°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and the warm-formed component is formed after cooling;

[0118] 5) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 160°C for the first-stage aging treatment for 30 minutes, and the θ phase (the ratio is between the W state and the PA state) that has not been cut by the dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0119] 5) A second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 140°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, the component is cooled to room temperature. Finally, a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a portion of θ phase that has not been cut by dislocations (the ratio is between the W state and the PA state) are obtained inside the component, forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of the 2A14 aluminum alloy component is completed.

[0120] Comparative Example 3

[0121] Using 2A14 aluminum alloy as a plate, a high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0122] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 2A14 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 520°C for 50 minutes;

[0123] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0124] 3) Within 5 minutes, the W-state billet after quenching treatment is transferred to an aging furnace and heated to 160° C. The aging time is 10 hours to obtain a T6-state aluminum alloy component.

[0125] Comparative Example 4

[0126] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 6061 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0127] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 6061 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 570°C for 30 minutes;

[0128] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0129] 3) Transfer the quenched W-state blank to the hot stamping production line within 5 minutes for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 250°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transfer it to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and then cool it to form the component;

[0130] 5) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 180°C for the first aging treatment for 30 minutes, and a β" phase that has not been cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component (the proportion is lower than the β" phase obtained from the PA state), and after the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0131] 6) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes, the treatment temperature is 150°C, the time is 30 minutes, and the treatment is completed. Cooling to room temperature, the component finally obtains GPII, Initialβ”, Preβ” phase cut by dislocation, and part of the β” phase that has not been cut by dislocation (the proportion is lower than the β” phase obtained from the PA state), forming a mixed organization combining soft and hard, and completing the preparation of 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0132] Comparative Example 5

[0133] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 6061 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0134] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 6061 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 570°C for 30 minutes;

[0135] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0136] 3) placing the W-state blank after quenching treatment at room temperature and naturally aging for more than 96 hours to obtain a T4-state blank;

[0137] 4) Then, the T4 state blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 250°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and then cooled to form a warm-formed component;

[0138] 5) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 180°C for the first aging treatment for 30 minutes, and a β" phase (with a ratio between the W state and the PA state) that has not been cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0139] 6) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes, the treatment temperature is 150°C, the time is 30 minutes, and the treatment is completed. Cooling to room temperature, the component finally obtains GPII, Initialβ", Preβ" phase cut by dislocation, and part of the β" phase that has not been cut by dislocation (the ratio is between the W state and the PA state), forming a mixed organization combining soft and hard, and completing the preparation of 6061 aluminum alloy components.

[0140] Comparative Example 6

[0141] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 6061 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0142] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 6061 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 570°C for 30 minutes;

[0143] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0144] 3) placing the W-state blank after quenching treatment at room temperature and naturally aging for more than 96 hours to obtain a T4-state blank;

[0145] 4) The T4 state billet is then transferred to an aging furnace and heated to 175°C for 8 hours to obtain a T6 state aluminum alloy component.

[0146] Comparative Example 7

[0147] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 7055 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0148] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 7055 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 450°C for 60 minutes;

[0149] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0150] 3) Transfer the quenched W-state blank to the hot stamping production line within 5 minutes for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 220°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transfer it to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and then cool it to form the component;

[0151] 4) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 170°C for the first-stage aging treatment for 30 minutes, and an η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations is obtained inside the component (the proportion is lower than the η' phase obtained from the PA state), and after the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0152] 5) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 150°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature. Finally, the component has a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a portion of η' phase that has not been cut by dislocations (the proportion is lower than the η' phase obtained from the PA state), forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of the 7075 aluminum alloy component is completed.

[0153] Comparative Example 8

[0154] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 7055 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0155] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 7055 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 450°C for 60 minutes;

[0156] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0157] 3) placing the W-state blank after quenching treatment at room temperature and naturally aging for more than 96 hours to obtain a T4-state blank;

[0158] 4) Then, the T4 state blank is transferred to the hot stamping production line for pre-stamping heat preservation heating at a temperature of 220°C for 1 minute, and then quickly transferred to the stamping die for die closing and stamping within 7 seconds, and then cooled to form a warm-formed component;

[0159] 5) The warm-formed component obtained by stamping is heated to 170°C for the first-stage aging treatment for 30 minutes, and an η' phase (with a ratio between the W state and the PA state) that has not been cut by dislocation is obtained inside the component. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature;

[0160] 6) The second aging treatment is then carried out within 10 minutes at a temperature of 150°C for 30 minutes. After the treatment is completed, it is cooled to room temperature. Finally, the component has a GPII zone cut by dislocations and a portion of η' phase that is not cut by dislocations (the ratio is between the W state and the PA state), forming a mixed structure combining soft and hard, and the preparation of the 7075 aluminum alloy component is completed.

[0161] Comparative Example 9

[0162] A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method is provided using 7055 aluminum alloy as a plate, comprising the following steps:

[0163] 1) The heat-treatable and strengthened 7055 aluminum alloy components were placed in a high-temperature box-type resistance furnace for solution treatment at a temperature of 450°C for 60 minutes;

[0164] 2) Then, within 15 seconds, the aluminum alloy component after the solution treatment is thrown into cold water for quenching treatment to obtain a W-state billet;

[0165] 3) Within 5 minutes, the W-state billet after quenching treatment is transferred to an aging furnace and heated to 120° C. The aging time is 24 hours to obtain a T6-state aluminum alloy component.

[0166] The aluminum alloy components obtained in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were subjected to strength tests, tensile specimens were cut, and single tensile tests were performed to test their mechanical properties after forming. The average value of multiple tensile specimens was taken, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0167] Table 1 Strength test results

[0168]

[0169] It can be seen from the test results of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 that the aluminum alloy components obtained by the preparation method of the present invention integrate pre-hardening forming and heat treatment within a period of time, which can greatly shorten the overall process time, and the obtained aluminum alloy components have higher strength, the strength exceeds the T6 state, and the components have good plasticity and ductility. It can be seen that the improved method improves the dynamic recovery and dislocation annihilation problems caused by warm forming.

[0170] Among them, it can be seen from the comparison of Examples 1 to 6 that when the three-stage gradient aging treatment is combined, the strength of the obtained aluminum alloy component is higher. In addition, it can be seen from the comparison of Example 4 and Example 7 that when the third-stage aging temperature is lower than the second-stage aging temperature, the strength of the aluminum alloy component is further improved.

[0171] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can also change and modify the above embodiment. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiment, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for the convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. At the solution temperature, the aluminum alloy component is subjected to solution treatment and quenching treatment in sequence to obtain a W-state blank; S2, performing pre-aging treatment on the W-state blank obtained in step S1 at the pre-aging temperature, cooling to room temperature, and obtaining a PA-state pre-hardened blank; S3, then heat-insulating the PA state pre-hardened blank obtained in step S2 before stamping, and then stamping it to obtain a warm-formed component; S4, subjecting the warm-formed component obtained by stamping in step S3 to a first-level aging treatment and cooling; S5. Perform a second aging treatment at a temperature lower than the first aging treatment temperature, and obtain an aluminum alloy component after cooling.

2. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the solution temperature is 450-570°C, the treatment time is 0.5-1h; and the quenching temperature is 14-20°C.

3. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the pre-aging temperature is 70-180°C and the time is 1-24 hours.

4. A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The W-state blank obtained in step S1 is subjected to a pre-aging treatment in step S2 within 1 to 10 minutes.

5. A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the insulation temperature is 200-300° C., and the insulation time is 30 s-5 min.

6. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, after the heat preservation treatment, the mold is transferred to the stamping die for stamping treatment within 1s to 10s.

7. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the temperature of the first stage aging treatment is 160-200° C., and the time is 10-60 min.

8. A high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the temperature of the second stage aging treatment is 130-160° C., and the time is 10-60 min.

9. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third aging treatment is further included after the second aging treatment, and the temperature of the third aging treatment is lower than the temperature of the second aging treatment.

10. The high-strength aluminum alloy pre-hardening forming-heat treatment fusion efficient and precise hot forming manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature of the second aging treatment is 140-160°C; the temperature of the third aging treatment is 130-140°C.

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