Electroplating method

Abstract

The invention provides an electroplating method, and relates to the technical field of electroplating. Comprising the following steps: electroplating a pretreated pre-plated part in an environment with the nickel ion content of 80-110 g / L, the nickel chloride concentration of 8-20 g / L, the boric acid concentration of 35-45 g / L, the pH value of 3.8-4.5 and the specific gravity of 28-35 and a gold plating reagent with the gold content of 3-5 g / L, the cobalt content of 0.3-1 g / L, the pH value of 4-4.6 and the specific gravity of 10-16 at the environment temperature of 50-60 DEG C to obtain an electroplated part with a gold plating layer; and sequentially washing and drying the electroplated part to obtain an electroplated finished product. Due to the fact that the matte nickel plating layer has good abrasion resistance, friction and abrasion can be better resisted, the service life of the product is prolonged, and corrosion resistance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electroplating, and in particular to an electroplating method. Background Art

[0002] Electroplating is the process of depositing a thin layer of another metal or alloy onto a metal surface using electrolysis. This process uses electrolysis to deposit a thin layer of metal onto the surface of a metal or other material. This process prevents oxidation (such as rust), improves wear resistance, conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance (such as copper sulfate), and enhances aesthetics. Many coins also have an electroplated coating.

[0003] In the current electroplating process, nickel plating is generally performed first, and then gold plating is performed on the ordinary nickel plating layer. However, the ordinary nickel plating layer has insufficient wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the stress is high, which is not suitable for electroplating a thicker layer on it. Therefore, the present invention proposes an electroplating method to at least partially solve the problems that may exist in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an electroplating method, which can propose solutions to the deficiencies of the prior art and at least partially solve the problems that may exist in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An electroplating method comprising: Nickel plating step: electroplating the pre-treated pre-plated parts in a nickel plating reagent having a nickel ion content of 80 to 110 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 8 to 20 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 35 to 45 g / L, a pH value of 3.8 to 4.5, and a specific gravity of 28 to 35 at an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain a matte nickel coating; Washing treatment of pre-plated parts; Gold plating step: electroplating the pre-plated part with matte nickel plating in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 3 to 5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.3 to 1 g / L, a pH value of 4 to 4.6, and a specific gravity of 10 to 16 at an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain an electroplated part with a gold plating layer; Subsequent processing steps: The electroplated parts are washed and dried in sequence to obtain the electroplated finished products.

[0006] Optionally, before the nickel plating step, the method further comprises: a pretreatment step; The pre-processing step specifically includes: Degreasing step: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 50 to 100 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts, and / or using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 60 to 120 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform electrolytic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; Pure water spray washing; Activation step: Use sulfuric acid with a concentration of 50-100°Bé to perform micro-etching activation treatment on the pre-plated parts; Rinse with pure water again.

[0007] Optionally, the degreasing step includes: a thermal degreasing step and an electrolysis step; The thermal degreasing step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 80g / L at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; The electrolysis step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 90g / L and performing electrolytic degreasing at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C.

[0008] Optionally, the nickel plating step includes: Electroplating is carried out in a nickel plating reagent with a nickel ion content of 90 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 10 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 40 g / L, a pH value of 4.0, and a specific gravity of 30, and an ambient temperature of 50° C. to 60° C. to obtain a matte nickel coating.

[0009] Optionally, the gold plating step includes: The pre-plated parts plated with matte nickel plating are electroplated in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 4.5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.5 g / L, a pH value of 4.2, a specific gravity of 12, and an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain electroplated parts with a gold plated layer.

[0010] Optionally, the subsequent processing steps further include: Use a water sealant with a concentration of 3-5% to perform water-based sealing at 50-70°C. Pure water spray washing.

[0011] Optionally, the drying process includes: drying the electroplated parts through a baking device at a temperature of 1°C to 200°C.

[0012] Optionally, after the gold plating step, a gold recovery step is also included: Recovering the washing liquid after the gold plating step; The recovered liquid is circulated and filtered, and the filtered solution is tested. If the ion concentration in the solution is consistent with the ion concentration in the gold plating reagent, the solution is added to the gold plating tank.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: The method comprises the following steps: performing a nickel plating step on the pre-plated part after pretreatment, wherein the pre-plated part is electroplated in a nickel plating reagent with a nickel ion content of 80-110 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 8-20 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 35-45 g / L, a pH value of 3.8-4.5, a specific gravity of 28-35, and an ambient temperature of 50-60°C to obtain a matte nickel plating layer; and washing the pre-plated part with water. The method further comprises the following steps: performing a gold plating step on the pre-plated part after matte nickel plating, wherein the pre-plated part is electroplated in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 3-5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.3-1 g / L, a pH value of 4-4.6, a specific gravity of 10-16, and an ambient temperature of 50-60°C to obtain an electroplated part having a gold plating layer. The method further comprises the following steps: performing a subsequent water washing and drying step on the electroplated part in sequence to obtain an electroplated finished product. Because matte nickel plating offers excellent wear resistance, products coated with this coating are better able to withstand friction and wear during use, extending their service life. Its enhanced corrosion resistance allows the product to be used in even harsher environments. Whether in humid air or in environments containing corrosive media, products coated with this coating effectively resist corrosion, maintaining the stability of their appearance and performance. This overcomes the problem that conventional nickel plating is unsuitable for electroplating thicker layers, enabling this electroplating method to meet certain applications with high coating thickness requirements, thus expanding the application range of the electroplating process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of an electroplating method provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides an electroplating method, comprising: a nickel plating step: electroplating a pre-treated pre-plated part in an environment with a nickel ion content of 80-110 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 8-20 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 35-45 g / L, a pH value of 3.8-4.5, and a specific gravity of 28-35 at an ambient temperature of 50°C to 60°C to obtain a matte nickel coating; Washing treatment of pre-plated parts; Gold plating step: electroplating the pre-plated part with matte nickel plating in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 3 to 5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.3 to 1 g / L, a pH value of 4 to 4.6, and a specific gravity of 10 to 16 at an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain an electroplated part with a gold plating layer; Subsequent processing steps: The electroplated parts are washed and dried in sequence to obtain the electroplated finished products.

[0018] Through the above-mentioned nickel plating step, the nickel ion concentration can ensure that a uniform and dense matte nickel coating is formed on the pre-plated part surface. Too high or too low a nickel ion concentration may result in poor coating quality, while the nickel ion content within this range helps to form a matte nickel coating with fine crystallization, which is conducive to forming a high-quality matte nickel coating and can effectively block the invasion of external corrosive media, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating. At the same time, the dense structure also enhances the wear resistance of the coating and reduces the wear during the friction process. The surface after matte nickel treatment has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance and is widely used in the surface treatment of various mechanical parts, particularly in the parts surface requiring high hardness and good wear resistance. The coating after matte nickel treatment has higher hardness and good plasticity, can maintain glossiness for a long time in the atmosphere, and has good polishing properties, and can obtain a very bright appearance. In addition, the coating after matte nickel treatment has a fine structure, uniform color, low stress, and can be plated with a thicker coating, which is suitable for working layers on various materials. For example, gold is plated on the matte nickel layer. Compared with gold plating on an ordinary nickel layer, the electroplating method of the present application can make the gold plating layer thicker and more solid. The thicker gold plating layer can make the target have better corrosion resistance and better conductivity.

[0019] Next, the electroplating method in this exemplary embodiment will be further explained.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, it can be further explained in combination with the following description that before the nickel plating step, a pretreatment step is also included; the pretreatment step specifically includes: Degreasing step: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 50 to 100 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts, and / or using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 60 to 120 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform electrolytic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; Pure water spray washing; Activation step: Use sulfuric acid with a concentration of 50-100°Bé to perform micro-etching activation treatment on the pre-plated parts; Rinse with pure water again.

[0021] Furthermore, the degreasing step includes: a thermal degreasing step and an electrolysis step; The thermal degreasing step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 80g / L at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; The electrolysis step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 90g / L and performing electrolytic degreasing at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C.

[0022] In this application, electrolytic degreasing is preferred. Using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 90g / L, electrolytic thermal degreasing is performed at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C, ensuring a clean effect while avoiding excessive corrosion. Then, using 50-100°Bé sulfuric acid, the pre-plated parts are micro-etched and activated at room temperature to slightly etch the metal surface, increasing its activity and further improving the bonding strength of the plating layer.

[0023] In the above degreasing step, a 1200mm long PPN degreasing tank can be selected, with a bottom size of 1120mm*560mm*355mm. A 2kW Teflon heater and a Teflon cold water box are set in the degreasing tank to ensure that the ambient temperature during degreasing is adjusted to a constant temperature, and the degreasing agent is circulated through a 2HP circulation pump to ensure the uniformity of the degreasing agent concentration in the degreasing tank.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the nickel plating step includes: electroplating in a nickel plating reagent with a nickel ion content of 90 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 10 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 40 g / L, a pH value of 4.0, and a specific gravity of 30, and an ambient temperature of 50°C to 60°C to obtain a matte nickel coating.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, the gold plating step includes: electroplating the pre-plated part with a matte nickel layer in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 4.5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.5 g / L, a pH value of 4.2, a specific gravity of 12, and an ambient temperature of 50°C to 60°C to obtain an electroplated part with a gold-plated layer.

[0026] The above electroplating steps can obtain a matte nickel layer of up to 260µ" and a gold layer of 50µ", with a uniformity deviation of +5µ".

[0027] The above electroplating process also includes other steps, specifically including: incoming material inspection → material inspection → loading → degreasing → water washing 1 → water washing 2 → water washing 3 → activation → water washing 1 → water washing 2 → nickel plating → water washing 1 → water washing 2 → water washing 3 → gold plating → gold recovery → water washing 1 → water washing 2 → post-processing → water washing 1 → water washing 2 → drying → unloading → packaging → warehousing, among which the above gold plating steps can be replaced by other steps such as copper plating, tin plating, etc.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, the subsequent processing steps also include: water-based sealing at 50°C to 70°C using a water sealant with a concentration of 3-5%; and pure water spraying. Water sealing is performed at 50°C to 70°C using a water sealant with a concentration of 3-5%. A protective film is formed on the surface of the electroplated layer, effectively isolating moisture and chemicals, reducing the risk of oxidation and corrosion; and helping to improve the adhesion between the electroplated layer and the substrate, and enhancing the wear resistance and durability of the electroplated layer. Oil sealing can also be performed at room temperature using an oil sealant with a concentration of 2.0-10%. This can form an oil film, reduce friction, improve the lubricity of the metal surface, and reduce wear. It can effectively block the intrusion of moisture and air, prevent metal oxidation, and provide long-lasting anti-corrosion protection. At the same time, it can also improve the adhesion between the electroplated layer and the surface, enhancing the protective effect.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, the drying process includes: drying the electroplated parts through a baking device at a temperature of 1°C to 200°C. Air drying can also be used, wherein the air drying can be carried out in an air duct, and the above-mentioned drying is carried out through the baking device. The two can be used in combination, for example, an angle-adjustable serpentine tube connected to a high-power blower is connected to the baking device after the air duct, and the drying is carried out at a temperature of 80°C, so that it can be dried quickly and the dryness is ensured, so as to avoid the problem of corrosion caused by the high humidity in the package when the pre-plated parts are packaged.

[0030] The pure water spraying between each step can ensure that there is no reagent residue from the previous step, ensure that the pre-plated parts are fully clean, and avoid the problem of excessive residue causing them to be easily corroded.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, after the gold plating step, a gold recovery step is also included: the liquid washed with water after the gold plating step is recovered; the recovered liquid is circulated and filtered, and the filtered solution is tested. If the ion concentration in the solution is consistent with the ion concentration in the gold plating reagent, the solution is added to the gold plating tank.

[0032] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0033] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they become aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0035] The above is a detailed introduction to the electroplating method provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. An electroplating method, characterized in that: include: Nickel plating step: electroplating the pre-treated pre-plated parts in a nickel plating reagent with a nickel ion content of 80 to 110 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 8 to 20 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 35 to 45 g / L, a pH value of 3.8 to 4.5, and a specific gravity of 28 to 35 at an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain a matte nickel plating layer; Washing treatment of pre-plated parts; Gold plating step: electroplating the pre-plated part with matte nickel plating layer in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 3 to 5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.3 to 1 g / L, a pH value of 4 to 4.6, a specific gravity of 10 to 16, and an ambient temperature of 50° C. to obtain an electroplated part with a gold plating layer; Subsequent processing steps: The electroplated parts are washed and dried in sequence to obtain the electroplated finished products.

2. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the nickel plating step, the process also includes: a pretreatment step; The pre-processing step specifically includes: Degreasing step: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 50 to 100 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts at a temperature of 45° C. to 70° C., and / or using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 60 to 120 g / L at a temperature of 45° C. to perform electrolytic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; Pure water spray washing; Activation step: Use sulfuric acid with a concentration of 50-100°Bé to perform micro-etching activation treatment on the pre-plated parts; Rinse with pure water again.

3. The electroplating method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The degreasing step includes: a thermal degreasing step and an electrolysis step; The thermal degreasing step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 80g / L at a temperature of 45°C to 70°C to perform ultrasonic degreasing on the pre-plated parts; The electrolysis step includes: using a degreasing agent with a concentration of 90 g / L and performing electrolytic degreasing at a temperature of 45° C. to 70° C.

4. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nickel plating step comprises: Electroplating is carried out in a nickel plating reagent with a nickel ion content of 90 g / L, a nickel chloride concentration of 10 g / L, a boric acid concentration of 40 g / L, a pH value of 4.0, a specific gravity of 30, and an ambient temperature of 50°C to 60°C to obtain a matte nickel coating.

5. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gold plating step comprises: The pre-plated parts with matte nickel plating are electroplated in a gold plating reagent with a gold content of 4.5 g / L, a cobalt content of 0.5 g / L, a pH value of 4.2, a specific gravity of 12, and an ambient temperature of 50° C. to 60° C. to obtain electroplated parts with a gold-plated layer.

6. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subsequent processing steps also include: Water-based sealing is performed at 50℃~70℃ using a water sealant with a concentration of 3~5%; Pure water spray.

7. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying process includes: drying the electroplated parts through a baking device at a temperature of 1° C. to 200° C.

8. The electroplating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the gold plating step, a gold recovery step is also included: Recovering the washing liquid after the gold plating step; The recovered liquid is circulated and filtered, and the filtered solution is tested. If the ion concentration in the solution matches the ion concentration in the gold plating reagent, the solution is added to the gold plating tank.

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